CN108406076A - A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method - Google Patents
A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108406076A CN108406076A CN201810033160.4A CN201810033160A CN108406076A CN 108406076 A CN108406076 A CN 108406076A CN 201810033160 A CN201810033160 A CN 201810033160A CN 108406076 A CN108406076 A CN 108406076A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- electronic beam
- welded
- thin plate
- filled layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
- B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the welding fields of refractory metal material, are related to a kind of crack-free electronic beam welding method of high-density alloy.The present invention makes the welding that filled layer realizes the high-density alloy of infusibility by oneself by addition.The step of the present invention is as follows：Filled layer thin plate will be made by oneself and form part to be welded as the middle layer between two blocks of high-density alloy plates, when electron beam welding, electronic beam current face makes the centre of filled layer thin plate by oneself, speed of welding is 300mm/min ~ 1000mm/min, accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, electronic beam current is 10mA ~ 100mA, scan frequency X=0 ~ 500Hz, Y=0 ~ 500Hz.The method can obtain the high-density alloy welding point of flawless, tensile strength >=590MPa, yield strength >=400MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refractory metal welding fields, and in particular to a kind of electron beam welding side of high specific gravity alloy material
Method.
Background technology
High-density alloy is since its density is high, tensile strength is high, ductility is good, the good ability for absorbing ray, good
The advantages that electrical property, good thermal conductivity and lower linear expansion coefficient and good corrosion resistance and inoxidizability, is extensive
Applied in the advanced science technologies such as aerospace.The rotor material of gyroscope, gyroscope are aircrafts, artificial satellite, various lead
Bullet, the navigation of spaceship and nuclear submarine and control system brain, gyrostabilization with the quality of revolving body increasing
Add and improve, its stability and control accuracy can be made to greatly improve as gyro wheel using heavy alloy；On aircraft
Counterweight etc. on inertial rotation original paper and engine.The method that generally use is welded in real process realizes that high specific gravity is closed
Gold is fixedly connected, but the welding of high-density alloy has very big problem, it is difficult to realize welding by common fusion welding.This
When electron beam welding because the advantages that its energy density is high, and welding precision is good, and appearance of weld is good is realizing high-density alloy
There is good effect in welding.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to realize the high-quality welding of high specific gravity alloy material, a kind of high-density alloy gold is provided
Belong to the crack-free electronic beam welding method of material.
The welding method of the present invention is realized according to the following steps：One, it is the self-control filled layer of 0.1mm ~ 0.8mm by width to be welded
Thin plate（2）With high-density alloy metallic plate（1）It is firstly placed on ultrasonic cleaning 5min ~ 10min in acetone, is then dried；It two, will self-control
Filled layer thin plate（2）It is placed on two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded as centre（1）Between, form part to be welded；Three, it will wait for
Weldment is rigidly secured to fixture in electron beam welding vacuum chamber, carries out electron beam welding, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is 1 ×
10-4 ~ 5.0 × 10-2Pa first use electron beam fixed in two-end-point solid welding, middle layer are made to make filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）It is waited for two pieces
Weld high-density alloy metallic plate（1）Gap be 0.05mm ~ 0.10mm, spot-welded parameter：Accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, table
Face focuses, electronic beam current is 3 ~ 10mA；Four, electronic beam current when formal welding（3）Face makes filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）Interposition
It sets, welding parameter：Speed of welding is 300mm/min ~ 1000mm/min, accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, electronic beam current be 10mA ~
100mA, scan frequency X=0 ~ 500Hz, Y=0 ~ 500Hz.
Self-control filled layer thin plate in above-mentioned step one（2）Ingredient be：Ni mass fractions 50 ~ 85%, Cr mass fractions
10% ~ 30%, Fe mass fraction 5% ~ 20%.Width is 0.1mm ~ 0.8mm.
Make filled layer thin plate in above-mentioned step three by oneself（2）With two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded（1）Gap be
0.05mm~0.10mm；The vacuum degree of electron beam welding vacuum chamber is 1 × 10-4 ~ 5.0 × 10-2Pa；Welding parameter when spot welding：Add
Fast voltage is 60 ~ 150kV, surface focuses, electronic beam current is 3 ~ 10mA.
Electronic beam current when formally being welded in above-mentioned step four（3）Face makes filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）Centre position, no
Carry out off beam；Welding parameter：Speed of welding is 300mm/min ~ 1000mm/min, accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, electronic beam current
For 10mA ~ 100mA, scan frequency X=0 ~ 500Hz, Y=0 ~ 500Hz.
The present invention, as middle layer, can be changed in the direct welding process of high specific gravity alloy material using self-control filling laminate
Directly volatilization seriously affects the case where material connects to the elements such as Fe, Ni as matrix phase in the welding process, can be by filling out
The connection of both sides high specific gravity alloy material is realized in the fusing for filling layer self-control filled layer, obtains the electro-beam welding joint of flawless.
High-melting-point high specific gravity alloy material connector free from flaw of the same race prepared by the present invention, tensile strength >=590MPa, yield strength >=
400MPa。
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of part to be welded；
Fig. 2 is electronic beam current active position schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is weld seam both macro and micro tissue topography in the weldment in specific implementation mode eight.
Reference sign
1- high specific gravity alloy material plates, 2- make filled layer thin plate, 3- electronic beam currents by oneself.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The welding method of present embodiment is realized according to the following steps：One, will
Width to be welded is the self-control filled layer thin plate of 0.3mm（2）With high-density alloy metallic plate（1）It is firstly placed in acetone and is cleaned by ultrasonic
Then 5min is dried；Two, filled layer thin plate will be made by oneself（2）It is placed on two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded as centre（1）
Between, form part to be welded；Three, part to be welded is rigidly secured to fixture in electron beam welding vacuum chamber, carries out electron beam welding,
The vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is 2 × 10-2Pa, first uses electron beam fixed in two-end-point solid welding, keeps middle layer self-control filled layer thin
Plate（2）With two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded（1）Gap be 0.10mm, spot-welded parameter：Accelerating potential be 70kV,
Focus current is 590mA（Surface focuses）, electronic beam current 5mA；Four, electronic beam current when formal welding（3）Face self-control filling
Layer thin plate（2）Centre position, welding parameter：Speed of welding is 700mm/min, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current are
550mA（Surface focuses）, electronic beam current 20mA, scan frequency X=100Hz, Y=100Hz.
Specific implementation mode two：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The difference of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one is：Step
The width for making filled layer thin plate 2 in one by oneself is that 0.85mm is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode three：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The difference of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one is：Step
The width for making filled layer thin plate 2 in one by oneself is 0.6mm.It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode four：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The difference of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to three is：
Welding parameter in step 4：Speed of welding is 700mm/min, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 590mA, electronic beam current 3
For 20mA, scan frequency X=100Hz, Y=100Hz.It is other identical as specific implementation mode one to three.
Specific implementation mode five：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The difference of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to three is：
Welding parameter in step 4：Speed of welding is 600mm/min, accelerating potential 70kV, focus current 590mA, electronic beam current 3
For 20mA, scan frequency X=50Hz, Y=50Hz.It is other identical as specific implementation mode one to three.
Specific implementation mode six：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）The welding method of present embodiment is realized according to the following steps：One, will
The self-control filled layer thin plate that length to be welded is 25mm, width 0.35mm, thickness are 3mm（2）It is 95WNiFe, length with the trade mark
The high-density alloy metallic plate for being 2.8mm for 25mm, width 25mm, thickness（1）Be firstly placed in acetone be cleaned by ultrasonic 5min ~
Then 10min is dried；Two, filled layer thin plate will be made by oneself（2）It is placed on two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded as centre
（1）Between, form part to be welded；Three, part to be welded is rigidly secured to fixture in electron beam welding vacuum chamber, carries out electron beam weldering
It connects, the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is 1 × 10-4 ~ 5.0 × 10-2Pa, first uses electron beam fixed in two-end-point solid welding, makes centre
Layer self-control filled layer thin plate（2）With two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded（1）Gap be 0.05mm, spot-welded parameter：
Accelerating potential is 70kV, focus current 592mA（Surface focuses）, electronic beam current 5mA；Four, electronic beam current when formal welding
（3）Face makes filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）Centre position, welding parameter：Speed of welding is 600mm/min, accelerating potential is
70kV, focus current 592mA（Surface focuses）, electronic beam current 17mA, scan frequency X=50Hz, Y=50Hz.This embodiment party
Formula obtains the electro-beam welding joint of the high specific gravity alloy material of flawless, and welding point tensile strength 627MPa, surrender is by force
Degree is 452MPa.
Specific implementation mode seven：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）Present embodiment is unlike specific implementation mode six：Self-control is filled out
The width for filling layer thin plate is 0.4mm, and sweep speed is X=100Hz, Y=100Hz when welding.Present embodiment obtains flawless
The electro-beam welding joint of high specific gravity alloy material, welding point tensile strength 602MPa, yield strength 418MPa.
Specific implementation mode eight：（Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2）Present embodiment is unlike specific implementation mode six：Self-control is filled out
The width for filling layer thin plate is 0.3mm, without scanning when welding, is directly welded.Present embodiment obtains the height of flawless
The electro-beam welding joint of gravity alloy material, welding point tensile strength 685MPa, yield strength 473MPa.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material, it is characterised in that this method is real according to the following steps
It is existing：One, it is the self-control filled layer thin plate of 0.1mm ~ 0.8mm by width to be welded（2）With high-density alloy metallic plate（1）It is firstly placed on third
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 5min ~ 10min in ketone, then dries；Two, filled layer thin plate will be made by oneself（2）As centre be placed on two pieces it is to be welded
High-density alloy metallic plate（1）Between, form part to be welded；Three, part to be welded is rigidly secured to electron beam welding vacuum with fixture
Interior carries out electron beam welding, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is 1 × 10-4 ~ 5.0 × 10-2Pa, first uses electron beam two
Endpoint solid welding is fixed, and middle layer is made to make filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）With two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded（1）Gap be
0.05mm ~ 0.10mm, spot-welded parameter：Accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, surface focuses, electronic beam current 3-10mA；Four, just
Electronic beam current when formula is welded（3）Face makes filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）Centre position, welding parameter：Speed of welding is 300mm/
Min ~ 1000mm/min, accelerating potential are 60 ~ 150kV, electronic beam current is 10mA ~ 100mA, scan frequency X=0 ~ 500Hz, Y=0
~500Hz。
2. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Self-control filling composition of layer in one：Ni mass fractions 50 ~ 85%, Cr mass fractions 10% ~ 30%, Fe mass fractions 5% ~ 20%.
3. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Make filled layer thin plate in two by oneself（2）Width be 0.1mm ~ 0.8mm.
4. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Make filled layer thin plate in three by oneself（2）With two pieces of high-density alloy metallic plates to be welded（1）Gap be 0.05mm ~ 0.10mm.
5. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
The vacuum degree of electron beam welding vacuum chamber is 1 × 10 in four-4~5.0×10-2Pa。
6. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Welding parameter when spot welding in four：Accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, surface focuses, electronic beam current is 3 ~ 10mA.
7. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Electronic beam current when formally being welded in four（3）Face makes filled layer thin plate by oneself（2）Centre position, without off beam.
8. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Welding parameter when formally being welded in four：Speed of welding is 300mm/min ~ 1000mm/min, accelerating potential is 60 ~ 150kV, electronics
Line is 10mA ~ 100mA, scan frequency X=0 ~ 500Hz, Y=0 ~ 500Hz.
9. the crack-free electronic beam welding method of high specific gravity alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Self-control filled layer thin plate described in one（2）Length be not less than high-density alloy metallic plate（1）Length, self-control filled layer it is thin
Plate（2）Thickness be high-density alloy metallic plate（1）1-1.2 times of thickness.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033160.4A CN108406076A (en) | 2018-01-14 | 2018-01-14 | A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033160.4A CN108406076A (en) | 2018-01-14 | 2018-01-14 | A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108406076A true CN108406076A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
Family
ID=63125532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033160.4A Pending CN108406076A (en) | 2018-01-14 | 2018-01-14 | A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108406076A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110039169A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-23 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal electro-beam welding method |
| CN112894093A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Welding process for dissimilar steel |
| CN114012231A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for electric explosion valve |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1077733A1 (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1984-03-07 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6476 | Electron-ray gun |
| CN1695870A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2005-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron beam welding method of adding transition layer into compound between metals of titanium aluminium alloy |
| CN101648315A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-02-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Crack-free electronic beam welding method for titanium metal material and stainless steel |
| CN101890570A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron-beam welding method for aluminum alloy and steel based on intermediate layer isolation control |
| CN106825893A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | It is a kind of for the ship vacuum electron beam welding method of Ti80 and 921A steel |
| EP2613007A3 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2018-03-21 | General Electric Company | Seal assembly and method for assembling a turbine |
-
2018
- 2018-01-14 CN CN201810033160.4A patent/CN108406076A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1077733A1 (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1984-03-07 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6476 | Electron-ray gun |
| CN1695870A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2005-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron beam welding method of adding transition layer into compound between metals of titanium aluminium alloy |
| CN101648315A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-02-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Crack-free electronic beam welding method for titanium metal material and stainless steel |
| CN101890570A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electron-beam welding method for aluminum alloy and steel based on intermediate layer isolation control |
| EP2613007A3 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2018-03-21 | General Electric Company | Seal assembly and method for assembling a turbine |
| CN106825893A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | It is a kind of for the ship vacuum electron beam welding method of Ti80 and 921A steel |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110039169A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-23 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal electro-beam welding method |
| CN110039169B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-04-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Electron beam welding method for titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal |
| CN112894093A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Welding process for dissimilar steel |
| CN112894093B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-04-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Welding process for dissimilar steel |
| CN114012231A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for electric explosion valve |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108406076A (en) | A kind of high-density alloy electron beam welding packing material and method | |
| US7780059B2 (en) | Method of forming a component on a substrate | |
| JP5498384B2 (en) | Airflow generator and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN106392292A (en) | Electron beam welding method of thin-walled part | |
| Sun et al. | Exploration of metal 3-D printing technologies for the microfabrication of freeform, finely featured, mesoscaled structures | |
| CN113001024B (en) | Laser welding method for dissimilar materials | |
| TW200831691A (en) | Sputter target assemblies having a controlled solder thickness | |
| TW201020332A (en) | Sputter target assembly having a low-temperature high-strength bond | |
| CN107414279B (en) | A kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials | |
| Guan et al. | Effect of magnetic field frequency on the shape of GMAW welding arc and weld microstructure properties | |
| Zhang et al. | Joining lithium-ion battery tabs using solder-reinforced adhesive | |
| CN101913022B (en) | Method for welding dissimilar materials of TA15 titanium alloy and chromium bronze through electron beams | |
| Stein et al. | A process chain for integrating piezoelectric transducers into aluminum die castings to generate smart lightweight structures | |
| CN110142496A (en) | A kind of TiAl/Ti adding Y shape middle layer3Al electron beam welding method for dissimilar materials | |
| CN105694614A (en) | Aluminum and steel plate for ships, method for welding aluminum and steel plate and method for preparing paint | |
| CN102764922B (en) | Large-area welding method | |
| CN105789504A (en) | Battery tray, fabrication method thereof, battery pack and electromobile | |
| CN103381523A (en) | Laser welding method of rhenium alloy and titanium alloy | |
| JPS6018749B2 (en) | Target for sputtering | |
| Watanabe et al. | Dissimilar Metal Joining of Aluminum and Copper Plates Using Magnetic Pulse Welding and Their Joint Strength | |
| Hollis et al. | Bulge testing and interface fracture characterization of plasma-sprayed and HIP bonded Zr coatings on U-Mo | |
| Reisgen et al. | Micro-electron-beam welding with a modified scanning electron microscopy: Findings and prospects | |
| Wang et al. | A novel laser welding process with in-situ fibrous carbon precipitation strengthening interface for C/C composites | |
| Qiu et al. | Resistance spot welding between aluminum alloy and low-carbon steel | |
| JPH02215099A (en) | Manufacture of ion accelerating electrode plate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180817 |