CN107414279B - A kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials - Google Patents
A kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN107414279B CN107414279B CN201710847135.5A CN201710847135A CN107414279B CN 107414279 B CN107414279 B CN 107414279B CN 201710847135 A CN201710847135 A CN 201710847135A CN 107414279 B CN107414279 B CN 107414279B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of connection methods for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials, it is as follows: TiNi alloy is subjected to pickling to specified thickness, with sand paper polishing dissimilar material by welding end face to smooth, Nb item is filled among docking material again, wlding is fixed with fixture, fixture is finally sent into electron beam equipment vacuum chamber together with wlding, electronic beam current is biased to titanium alloy side and is welded, it is higher to obtain intensity, the preferable welding point of comprehensive mechanical property.The crackle that welding method of the present invention eliminates slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy welding generates, hinders Ti2The formation of the weld metal zone brittle intermetallic things such as Ni keeps Tissue distribution uniform, and crystal grain is more tiny, and scanning welding point tensile strength reaches 551MPa, and joint toughness is preferable, possesses good comprehensive performance, has biggish engineering significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of connection methods for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials, belong to welding technique
Field.
Technical background
TiNi alloy has super-elasticity, corrosion resistance, shape memory effect, biocompatibility and good damping effect,
It is widely used in the fields such as aerospace, biologic medical, nuclear industry and household electrical appliance with its excellent comprehensive performance, is to make at present
With widest marmem；Titanium alloy is with its high specific strength, outstanding comprehensive mechanical property, corrosion resistance and biology
Compatibility is widely used in aircraft manufacturing, space flight, medical instrument, automobile, the fields such as shipbuilding, become in present chemical industry can not or
Scarce a member.In order to meet to multifunctional component the needs of use process shows multiple functions, dissimilar material is connected into
A kind of trend of modernization industry development；The connection of titanium alloy and TiNi alloy can play the property of both materials respectively
Can, make composite component that there is good comprehensive performance.
Since the chemical property of Ti is especially active, H, O can be successively absorbed between 250-600 DEG C, N Welded Joints generate
Embrittling effect；Titanium alloy and NiNi alloy directly weld easily generation Ti2The weld metal zone brittle intermetallic things such as Ni make welding point pole
It is also easy to produce cracking, and TiNi alloy differs greatly with titanium alloy linear expansion coefficient, it is a large amount of that the effect of the two generates connector
Weld crack, strength of joint is close to zero.It is difficult to avoid the generation of weld crack using traditional welding method, even if taking measures
The formation of crackle is avoided, but welding point still has more weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, keeps connector embrittlement serious, connector
Comprehensive mechanical property is poor.
Electron-bombardment welding is with its energy density height, and penetration power is strong, vacuum environment, and control is accurate, and butt-welding fitting deflection is small
The features such as be particularly suitable for welding of the metallurgical process vulnerable to the thicker precious metal of air impact, in addition, the scanning of electron beam is welded
It connects and can be reduced segregation, refine crystal grain, improve connector comprehensive performance.Nb and Ti can form unlimited solid solution during Welding Metallurgy,
Low melting point eutectic phase can be formed with TiNi alloy, is avoided that the generation of weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, TiNi alloy and titanium alloy
Welding addition Nb is that filling metal controls Ti2The generation of the weld metal zone brittle intermetallic things such as Ni reduces crack sensitivity, reaches elimination
The purpose of weld crack.
Therefore the characteristics of the advantages of considering electron-bombardment welding and Nb, using vacuum electron beam welding method, addition is high
Fusing point Nb is filling metal, and the method that electronic beam current is biased to titanium alloy side makes titanium alloy that thermal conductivity is poor and Nb in electronics
It is melted under Shu Zuoyong, the high-termal conductivity of Nb transfers heat to TiNi alloy side and forms weldering in the fusing point lower than TiNi alloy
Connector, unfused Nb play the role of physical barrier, hinder titanium alloy in conjunction with TiNi, prevent weld to split to realize
Line prevents the generation of intermetallic compound while generation, and scanning beam keeps molten pool metal uniform the agitaion in molten bath
Distribution reduces segregation, increases substantially strength of welded joint.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in being prevented to slab NiTi alloy and titanium alloy connector crackle, dock
The problem of preventing and improves strength of joint of weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing in head, providing a kind of addition Nb is to fill metal, electronics
Line is biased to the vacuum electron beam welding method of the side TC4, and titanium alloy and Nb melt to form connector in titanium alloy side, and TiNi is closed
The characteristics of golden side forms low melting point eutectic due to the high-termal conductivity and TiNi-Nb of Nb, to realize TiNi alloy and titanium alloy
Connection.
A kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials, which is characterized in that include at least with
Under several steps:
(1) TiNi alloy is immersed hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, aqueous acid medium that volume ratio is 1:3:5 to wash, removes surface oxidation
Film is cleaned up with acetone；
(2) titanium alloy and TiNi alloy are connected end face to be polished flat with sand paper, are then cleaned up with acetone, dried up
For use；
(3) Nb plate is cut into certain thickness Nb item with wire cutting, it is smooth with sand paper uniform grinding, Nb item is placed in
It among TiNi alloy and titanium alloy, is fixed with fixture, makes Nb item, titanium alloy, TiNi alloy surface is in same level height；
(4) fixed wlding both ends and clamping plate splicing are fixed again, are put into togerther in the vacuum chamber of electron beam welding equipment,
It is evacuated to normal operating range, electronic beam current deviation titanium alloy is welded.
4 blocks of plates need to be glued to a thickness of 12mm by the polishing of TiNi alloy and TC4 in step (1), to plate by upper
It is downwardly applied to uniform pressure and the vertical frictional direction of plate length direction is made to polish with even speed.
It is respectively TiNi alloy that material is connected in step (1) and (2), and titanium nickle atom ratio is 50.4:49.6, with a thickness of
3mm, fusing point are 1310 DEG C, 18.0 Wm of thermal conductivity-1K-1；TC4 titanium alloy, with a thickness of 3mm, fusing point is 1668 DEG C, thermal conductivity
6.5 W·m-1K-1。
Filling metal is the Nb item of purity 99.9% in step (3), and fusing point is between 2460-2470 DEG C, thermal conductivity 53
W·m-1K-1, with a thickness of 400-600 μm.
Welding method is electron beam welding in step (4), and it is 0.3mm that electronic beam current, which is biased to TC4 lateral extent,；When no-raster is welded
Weld preheating is carried out with 3mA electronic beam current；Circular scan waveform, sweep amplitude 0.25mm, scan frequency are used when scanning weldering
500Hz；Vacuum chamber operating distance 285-290CM, speed of welding 600-900 mm/min, electronic beam current 16-30 mA.
Electron-bombardment welding energy density of the present invention is high, and depth-to-width ratio is big, and scanning beam weldering homogenizes joint microstructure, brilliant
Grain refinement.Adding Nb is filling metal, and Nb fusing point is higher, since Nb can form unlimited solid solution with titanium alloy respectively, with TiNi
Alloy forms low-melting-point eutectic, melts titanium alloy and Nb in titanium alloy side electron beam, and the conductive force and TiNi of Nb is closed
Gold can form low melting point eutectic under the conditions of being lower than TiNi setting temperature to reach connection effect.
Main advantages of the present invention are: electron beam welding, weld preheating are combined, filling metal is added in scanning welding,
The advantages of beam pulling, welds xenogenesis slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy.Prevent TiNi alloy and titanium alloy connector crackle from producing
It is raw, the connector of welding crackle is obtained, avoids the formation of weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, while substantially increasing the synthesis of connector
Performance has biggish engineering significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present invention welding schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that welding process electronic beam current of the present invention deviates schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is inventive joint pattern schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is scanning welding rear joint pattern.
1 it is titanium alloy sheet in figure, 2 be Ti-Ni alloy plate, 3Nb filling metal, 4 is welding direction, 5 electronic beam currents.
Specific embodiment
It illustrates and further illustrates below according to Figure of description:
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials, based on Fig. 1-3
Want procedure chart；Experiment use TiNi marmem (titanium nickle atom ratio for 50.4:49.6) and TC4 titanium alloy, TC4 having a size of
100 × 70 × 3mm, TiNi alloy fill the niobium sheet that metal is purity 99.9% having a size of 100 × 70 × 3.05mm, with a thickness of
0.4mm makes to be welded between dissimilar material contacts with each other and generate brittle metal if the too thin Nb of thickness, which can melt, loses physical barrier effect
Compound if too thick is difficult to that TiNi alloy side is made to cause strength of joint to reduce with the abundant metallurgical reaction of Nb, such as Fig. 1；Vacuum
Room operating distance 290CM, speed of welding 600 mm/min, electronic beam current 18mA are beaten on workpiece in advance before welding with 3mA electronic beam current
Hot 4 passages.TiNi alloy is put into the hydrofluoric acid that volume ratio is 1:3:5 first, nitric acid, pickling removes table in the mixed solution of water
For surface oxidation film to 3.0mm, error range is 50 μm, is cleaned with acetone, and connecting end surface is smooth with sand paper uniform grinding, then with third
Ketone scrubs, and drying is stand-by；Nb item is placed among TiNi alloy and titanium alloy, is fixed with fixture, makes Nb item, titanium alloy,
The upper surface of TiNi alloy is in same level height；Fixed wlding both ends and clamping plate are glued and are fixed, then are put into togerther vacuum
In chamber, it is evacuated to normal operating range, electronic beam current deviation titanium alloy 0.3mm is welded, such as Fig. 2.Using the present invention
It is filling metal that method, which adds Nb, can form flawless, no weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing under the conditions of vacuum electron beam scanning weldering
Welding point such as Fig. 3, connector tensile strength reach 498MPa.
Embodiment 2
The present invention provides a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and titanium alloy dissimilar materials, as Fig. 1-2,4 are
Main process figure；Test use TiNi marmem (titanium nickle atom ratio for 50.4:49.6) and TC4 titanium alloy, TC4 size
For 100 × 70 × 3mm, TiNi alloy fills the niobium sheet that metal is purity 99.9% having a size of 100 × 70 × 3.05mm, with a thickness of
0.6mm makes to be welded between dissimilar material contacts with each other and generate brittle metal if the too thin Nb of thickness, which can melt, loses physical barrier effect
Compound if too thick is difficult to that TiNi alloy side is made to cause strength of joint to reduce with the abundant metallurgical reaction of Nb, such as Fig. 1；Vacuum
Room operating distance 290CM, 600 mm/min of speed of welding, sweep waveform are circle, scan frequency 500Hz, sweep amplitude
0.25mm, 22 mA of electronic beam current.TiNi alloy is put into the hydrofluoric acid that volume ratio is 1:3:5 first, the mixing of nitric acid, water is molten
Pickling removes surface film oxide to 3.0mm in liquid, and error range is 50 μm, is cleaned with acetone, and connecting end surface sand paper is uniform
It polishes flat, then is scrubbed with acetone, drying is stand-by；Nb item is placed among TiNi alloy and titanium alloy, is fixed with fixture,
Make Nb item, titanium alloy, the upper surface of TiNi alloy is in same level height；Fixed wlding both ends and clamping plate are glued and are fixed,
It is put into togerther in vacuum chamber again, is evacuated to normal operating range, electronic beam current deviation titanium alloy 0.3mm is welded, such as
Fig. 2.It uses the method for the present invention addition Nb to fill metal, flawless can be formed under the conditions of vacuum electron beam scanning weldering, without crisp
Property intermetallic compound welding point, such as Fig. 4, welding point has preferable comprehensive mechanical property, and tensile strength reaches
551MPa。
Examples detailed above is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and does not limit the embodiments.It is stated upper
It can also be according to the plate of different-thickness, the thickness of Nb, electronic beam current offset distance and electron beam parameter range on the basis of bright
Etc. various forms of variations are made, there is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this
Obvious changes or variations still in the protection scope of the invention within.Therefore, this specification be it is illustrative and
It is unrestricted.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy dissimilar materials, which is characterized in that include at least with
Under several steps:
(1) TiNi alloy is immersed hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, aqueous acid medium that volume ratio is 1:3:5 to wash, removes surface film oxide,
It is cleaned up with acetone；
(2) TC4 titanium alloy and TiNi alloy are connected end face to be polished flat with sand paper, are then cleaned up with acetone, dried up
For use；
(3) Nb plate is cut into certain thickness Nb item with wire cutting, it is smooth with sand paper uniform grinding, Nb item is placed in TiNi and is closed
Gold is fixed with fixture among TC4 titanium alloy, makes Nb item, TC4 titanium alloy, TiNi alloy surface is in same level height；
(4) fixed wlding both ends and clamping plate splicing are fixed again, is put into togerther in the vacuum chamber of electron beam welding equipment, taken out true
Sky welds electronic beam current deviation TC4 titanium alloy to normal operating range.
2. a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy dissimilar materials according to claim 1, special
Sign is: 4 blocks of plates need to be glued to a thickness of 12mm by the polishing of TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy in step (2), to plate
Apply uniform pressure from top to bottom and the vertical frictional direction of plate length direction is made to polish with even speed.
3. a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy dissimilar materials according to claim 1, special
Sign is: it is respectively TiNi alloy that material is connected in step (1) and (2), and titanium nickle atom ratio is 50.4:49.6, with a thickness of
3mm, fusing point are 1310 DEG C, thermal conductivity 18.0Wm-1K-1；TC4 titanium alloy, with a thickness of 3mm, fusing point is 1668 DEG C, thermal conductivity
6.5W·m-1K-1。
4. a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy dissimilar materials according to claim 1, special
Sign is: filling metal is the Nb item of purity 99.9% in step (3), and fusing point is between 2460-2470 DEG C, thermal conductivity
53W·m-1K-1, with a thickness of 400-600 μm.
5. a kind of connection method for slab TiNi alloy and TC4 titanium alloy dissimilar materials according to claim 1, special
Sign is: welding method is electron beam welding in step (4), and it is 0.3mm that electronic beam current, which is biased to TC4 titanium alloy lateral extent,；Nothing is swept
Weld preheating is carried out with 3mA electronic beam current when retouching weldering；Circular scan waveform, sweep amplitude 0.25mm, scanning are used when scanning weldering
Frequency 500Hz；Vacuum chamber operating distance 285-290CM, speed of welding 600-900mm/min, electronic beam current 16-30mA.
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| CN108296621A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-20 | 上海电机学院 | The asymmetric multibeam electron beam fusion welding method of high strength steel-aluminum alloy dissimilar metal |
| CN109465532B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electron beam welding method for NiTi shape memory alloy and stainless steel |
| CN110039169B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-04-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Electron beam welding method for titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal |
| CN110253130A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Deflection scanning control method when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate |
| CN112025069A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-04 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Electron beam welding process for dissimilar metals of titanium alloy and niobium alloy |
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| SU1107414A1 (en) * | 1983-04-01 | 1990-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я Ж-1287 | Method of cathode-ray building-up |
| JPH04274888A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-30 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Jointing method of sheet |
| CN101913023B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-02-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Titanium alloy and tin bronze electron beam welding method |
| CN103231136B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2015-09-02 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of laser braze welding method of Ti-Ni marmem and xenogenesis light metal |
| CN104907657B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-03-15 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of TiAl/TC4 electron beam melt-brazing methods for adding alloy interlayer |
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