CN110249988A - A kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate recycle utilization - Google Patents
A kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate recycle utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110249988A CN110249988A CN201910619796.1A CN201910619796A CN110249988A CN 110249988 A CN110249988 A CN 110249988A CN 201910619796 A CN201910619796 A CN 201910619796A CN 110249988 A CN110249988 A CN 110249988A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate recycle utilizations, it is used including initial substrate configuration, packing sowing, growth course management, the decomposed sterilization process of degradation, regeneration matrix, circulation matrix, the present invention is by the configuration of initial substrate, the use of initial substrate, the recycling of matrix, degradation and recycles process, the matrix use, subsequent residual object recycling and the process control recycled such as decomposed of degrading of soilless cultivation mesostroma are illustrated, a kind of operating mode of effective sustainable agriculture is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to matrix to recycle benefit using technical field, in particular to a kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate
Use technology.
Background technique
Soilless cultivation is quickly grown in recent years, and soilless culture substrate is other than supporting, fixing plant, most important effect
It is that moisture, the nutriment etc. in nutrient solution are transitted to plant, root system of plant is facilitated to absorb.Existing some soilless cultivation bases
Matter is after plantation, and most of to be discarded, this undoubtedly increases soilless cultivation production cost, also pollutes additionally as waste
Environment.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows: a kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic group
Matter recycle utilization, it includes the following steps:
(1) initial substrate: initial substrate is equal by vinegar grain seedling medium, dry coco bran and natural organic peat combined hybrid
Even, additional a small amount of water stirring makes humidity reach 65-70%；Then it banks up and adds vapor-permeable type drape heat and moisture preserving, make wherein micro- life
Object activation；
(2) matrix packing sowing: is divided in 7 liters of capacity (54 × 27 × 6cm3) standard seedlings nursing plate in, pour clean water
Wetting reaches saturated-water phase to it, and every physics-biochemical indicator such as holds gas, melt water, and degree of ionization reaches uniform and stable state；Base
After matter is wet, seed is sowed；For protection sprout and the tip of a root, covers a small amount of cleaning " surface dust " covering seed moisturizing and protect bud；When needing,
Seed plate rule is placed in the nice and cool place of clean cleaning, place is pollution-free source and sundries；
(3) growth course management:
(3-1) is unfolded to pave after seed germinates comprehensively, by seedling disk by the folded shape that falls, and light-exposed, ventilative and moisturizing, daily
Growing state is observed, supplements growth water in due course；Growing environment is far from periphery pollution sources, ventage used in growing environment
System, is filtered when exogenous wind enters；If dark and damp weather sprout is rotted, mildew, when insect pest, by problematic seedling
Disk is rejected in time, and matrix therein pours into closed bucket together with problem sprout and utilizes digest process to sterilize in advance, after it is decomposed with other
Matrix carries out high-temp steam sterilizing；
(3-2) cuts off its top after shoot vegetable is mature, and vegetable is made, and residue pours into sealing profession degradation immediately
Decomposed bucket；Decomposed bucket 250-300 liter can fill 50 to 55 seed plate residues, be put together at matrix reclaiming directorial area；Specially
The decomposed bucket of industry is a kind of sealed container, it is ensured that the residue of recycling in decomposed degradation process with atmosphere pollution sediment,
Haze etc. zero contacts, it is ensured that regenerates the cleaning of matrix, the purification of microbial flora especially therein；
(4) the decomposed sterilization process of degradation: the subsequent matrix residue gathered in is recycled, and is packed into the decomposed bucket of profession,
Summer, general 2-3 week, various root, stem and leaf fresh materials can degrade rotten, tentatively be stirred at this time；1-2 weeks base after stirring
It is started to warm up inside matter, organic matter is gradually decomposed, and dark greyish green taste when matrix is by recycling is gradually converted into pure " soil " taste；
When matrix by massive transformation to discrete particles shape when, carry out secondary deep stirring, and carry out high-temperature steam or UV daylight disappears
Poison；Third time stirring is carried out together with sabot process after disinfection, allowing regeneration matrix to carry out aerobic respiration keeps microorganism therein abundant
Breathing activation and breeding, make matrix reach best sowing state；When necessary according to season, some other inert bases are properly added
Coco bran, improve circulation matrix ventilative water permeability, can carry out later using；
(2) regenerate matrix: initial substrate after the planting process of variety mixture formula shoot vegetable series and seedling are tapped,
All kinds of growth residues are subjected to mixing recycling；It is degraded in special container to them after recycling, is decomposed, sterilized, is aerobic
The processing of four procedures such as stirring, the subsequent object of the growth for recycling these form secondary recycling " compost " matrix (COMPOST), and again
It is secondary to be used in the production of subsequent shoot vegetable；In cycles, " use-regeneration " circular form " compost " matrix (RECYCLING is formed
COMPOST)；
(3) recycle matrix: circular form organic substrate is in addition to possessing initial substrate feature, with " use-regeneration " circulation
Round increases, and the structure and nutrient formula of matrix gradually develop, and forms the spy for possessing and adapting to shoot vegetable production self-characteristic
Kind organic substrate.
As an improvement, step (1) initial substrate is prepared, mixing, stirring work progress in stainless steel " pond molded capacity body ",
It is contacted with other substances zero, temperature changes with room temperature；After mixing, continue to stack 24 hours stand-by, 500 liters of each configuration
Left and right is prepared using artificial or machine.
As an improvement, clean water is " filtering magnetized water " or " filtering domestic water " in step (2).
As an improvement, seed is that cleaned vernalization or matrix induce the seed after vernalization in step (2), there is higher cleaning
Degree.
As an improvement, being returned after matrix use using production cycle average out to two weeks or so of organic substrate plantation shoot vegetable
Decomposed period is received generally in or so two weeks, therefore, one group of matrix can be followed for 1 year using reusing after circulation 3 months by a definite date
Ring four times or so.
As an improvement, the configuration amount of initial substrate is suitable with the usage amount of seed plate.
As an improvement, to have avoided contact with contaminated soil in the configuration process of initial substrate, avoid using non-mistake
The water of filter avoids exposure under the environment such as outdoor acid rain, the haze that may occur, avoids being mixed into and any used pesticide, chemical fertilizer
And suspicious plant or sundries.
As an improvement, regenerate matrix step in recycling participate in matrix during, once after the completion of tapping work, seed plate and
Gathering in residual object can be concentrated rapidly, and matrix and residue are poured into decomposed bucket and enclosed package, be placed in ventilation, be cleaned and warm
In the environment of, classify on schedule, seed plate concentrates cleaning and sunning.
As an improvement, fresh material in residual object, such as leaf class, rhizome are i.e. degradable at 2-3 weeks in closed decomposed bucket, this
When, it need to be rolled and be stirred primary to matrix；After placing 2-3 weeks again, it is decomposed that matrix starts internal heating.At this point it is possible to logical
It crosses and uncaps and shake the operations such as decomposed bucket promotion matrix aerobic respiration, it is made to carry out the processes such as depth is decomposed and self sterilizes.
As an improvement, need to go out to circular regeneration matrix in order to ensure disease does not occur during the growth process in shoot vegetable
Worm sterilizing.
The present invention has the advantage that the present invention passes through the configuration of initial substrate, the use of initial substrate, time of matrix
Process is received, degraded and recycled, illustrates the matrix use of soilless cultivation mesostroma, subsequent residual object is recycled and degraded decomposed etc.
The process control recycled provides a kind of operating mode of effective sustainable agriculture.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of a kind of organic shoot vegetable production of the present invention and organic substrate recycle utilization.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with attached drawing 1, a kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate recycle utilization, it includes the following steps:
(1) initial substrate: initial substrate is equal by vinegar grain seedling medium, dry coco bran and natural organic peat combined hybrid
Even, additional a small amount of water stirring makes humidity reach 65-70%；Then it banks up and adds vapor-permeable type drape heat and moisture preserving, make wherein micro- life
Object activation；
(2) matrix packing sowing: is divided in 7 liters of capacity (54 × 27 × 6cm3) standard seedlings nursing plate in, pour clean water
Wetting reaches saturated-water phase to it, and every physics-biochemical indicator such as holds gas, melt water, and degree of ionization reaches uniform and stable state；Base
After matter is wet, seed is sowed；For protection sprout and the tip of a root, covers a small amount of cleaning " surface dust " covering seed moisturizing and protect bud；When needing,
Seed plate rule is placed in the nice and cool place of clean cleaning, place is pollution-free source and sundries；
(3) growth course management:
(3-1) is unfolded to pave after seed germinates comprehensively, by seedling disk by the folded shape that falls, and light-exposed, ventilative and moisturizing, daily
Growing state is observed, supplements growth water in due course；Growing environment is far from periphery pollution sources, ventage used in growing environment
System, is filtered when exogenous wind enters；If dark and damp weather sprout is rotted, mildew, when insect pest, by problematic seedling
Disk is rejected in time, and matrix therein pours into closed bucket together with problem sprout and utilizes digest process to sterilize in advance, after it is decomposed with other
Matrix carries out high-temp steam sterilizing；
(3-2) cuts off its top after shoot vegetable is mature, and vegetable is made, and residue pours into sealing profession degradation immediately
Decomposed bucket；Decomposed bucket 250-300 liter can fill 50 to 55 seed plate residues, be put together at matrix reclaiming directorial area；Specially
The decomposed bucket of industry is a kind of sealed container, it is ensured that the residue of recycling in decomposed degradation process with atmosphere pollution sediment,
Haze etc. zero contacts, it is ensured that regenerates the cleaning of matrix, the purification of microbial flora especially therein；
(4) the decomposed sterilization process of degradation: the subsequent matrix residue gathered in is recycled, and is packed into the decomposed bucket of profession,
Summer, general 2-3 week, various root, stem and leaf fresh materials can degrade rotten, tentatively be stirred at this time；1-2 weeks base after stirring
It is started to warm up inside matter, organic matter is gradually decomposed, and dark greyish green taste when matrix is by recycling is gradually converted into pure " soil " taste；
When matrix by massive transformation to discrete particles shape when, carry out secondary deep stirring, and carry out high-temperature steam or UV daylight disappears
Poison；Third time stirring is carried out together with sabot process after disinfection, allowing regeneration matrix to carry out aerobic respiration keeps microorganism therein abundant
Breathing activation and breeding, make matrix reach best sowing state；When necessary according to season, some other inert bases are properly added
Coco bran, improve circulation matrix ventilative water permeability, can carry out later using；
(2) regenerate matrix: initial substrate after the planting process of variety mixture formula shoot vegetable series and seedling are tapped,
All kinds of growth residues are subjected to mixing recycling；It is degraded in special container to them after recycling, is decomposed, sterilized, is aerobic
The processing of four procedures such as stirring, the subsequent object of the growth for recycling these form secondary recycling " compost " matrix (COMPOST), and again
It is secondary to be used in the production of subsequent shoot vegetable；In cycles, " use-regeneration " circular form " compost " matrix (RECYCLING is formed
COMPOST)；
(3) recycle matrix: circular form organic substrate is in addition to possessing initial substrate feature, with " use-regeneration " circulation
Round increases, and the structure and nutrient formula of matrix gradually develop, and forms the spy for possessing and adapting to shoot vegetable production self-characteristic
Kind organic substrate.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, step (1) initial substrate is prepared, mixing, stirs work stainless
It carries out, is contacted with other substances zero, temperature changes with room temperature in steel " pond molded capacity body "；After mixing, it is small to continue stacking 24
When it is stand-by, configure 500 liters or so every time, prepared using artificial or machine.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, clean water is " filtering magnetized water " or " filtering life in step (2)
With water ".
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, seed is that cleaned vernalization or matrix induce vernalization in step (2)
Seed afterwards has higher cleannes.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, using the production cycle average out to two of organic substrate plantation shoot vegetable
Week left and right, decomposed period is recycled after matrix use generally in or so two weeks, therefore, one group of matrix after circulation using reusing
3 months by a definite date, 1 year four times or so recyclable.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, the configuration amount of initial substrate and the usage amount of seed plate are suitable.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, pollution has been avoided contact in the configuration process of initial substrate
Soil, avoid using unfiltered water, avoid exposure under the environment such as outdoor acid rain, the haze that may occur, avoid being mixed into
It is any to use pesticide, chemical fertilizer and suspicious plant or sundries.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, during recycling participates in matrix in regenerating matrix step, once
After the completion of tapping work, seed plate and the residual object of harvesting can be concentrated rapidly, and matrix and residue are poured into decomposed bucket and closed envelope
Dress is placed in ventilation and classifies on schedule under cleaning and warm environment, and seed plate concentrates cleaning and sunning.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, in closed decomposed bucket, fresh material in residual object, such as leaf class, rhizome
Deng i.e. degradable at 2-3 weeks, at this point, need to be rolled and be stirred primary to matrix；After placing 2-3 weeks again, matrix starts inside
It heats up decomposed.At this point it is possible to promote matrix aerobic respiration by uncapping and shaking the operations such as decomposed bucket, it is set to carry out depth decomposed
With self sterilizing etc. processes.
As the present embodiment preferred embodiment, in order to ensure disease does not occur during the growth process in shoot vegetable, need
Deinsectization sterilizing is carried out to circular regeneration matrix.
One, initial substrate passes through 6 kinds, 20 batches, trimestral test in the present invention, it was demonstrated that the composition of matrix closes
Reason, physical characteristic is obvious, and the biochemical characteristics such as nutrition release are stablized, and meets the particular/special requirement that big density quickly plants shoot vegetable.Examination
Test Process Design and implant system design substantially always.The product of 6 kinds and the domestic similar production cultivated using water culture
Product comparison, is included that figure is big, blade face is thick, monomer is heavy, fiber is few, mouthfeel is dense, nutrition color by the shoot vegetable that the initial substrate is cultivated
The characteristics such as plain abundant and shelf-stable.
Initial substrate sorting technical principle is summarized as follows:
1) Vegetable-type artificial breeding matrix
A) the vinegar slot matrix employed in initial substrate belongs to vegetable seedling substrate.Seedling medium has been incited somebody to action in the process of development
The sour ability of matrix structure, nutrient, tune, Disease management etc. carry out choosing comprehensively, are configured to be easy to take root, nutrient slowly-released base
Matter product.User does not need generally to carry out substrate allocation again, adds fertilizer, the operations such as spray diseases prevention.Initial substrate uses the type
Matrix mainly utilizes the matrix quickly " to sit root " and nutrient slowly-released overall characteristic.
B) vinegar residue substrate remains bulk fermentation bacterium, and uses comprehensive flora and carry out depth degradation, is formed and is rich in micro- life
The bion matrix of object.It is to be produced using the microbial flora degradation future in matrix that initial substrate, which selects this kind of matrix,
The organic residue recycled in journey realizes matrix recyclable regenerative function.
2) flower-type natural peat
A) natural peat is a kind of organic substance that can voluntarily degrade, and is slow type degradation material.This is slowly dropped
The characteristic of solution, to being recycled together with the residue using this matrix growth after matrix use, progress regeneration has important
Biological oxidation, i.e., the metabolic processes of microbial flora in matrix are played and stablize, extend and the comprehensive of support makees
With.
B) partition of the level degraded in the world about natural peat are as follows: A grades: H1-H3 light color long fibre, initial decomposition are rotten
It is rotten；B grades: H4-H6 brown staple fiber, deep decomposition are rotted；C grades: H7-H10 black fine fibre sufficiently rots completely.These grades
The degree for not showing organic matter degradation in peat, design and preparation to matrix play judgement effect.
C) this time initial substrate exploitation is prepared in work, partially uses the H2-H6 light brown fusion for being suitable for international benchmark,
Combination of long drives and drop shots, the German COMPACTPEAT natural peat raw material that degree of diving decomposes.The raw material is to prepare to add by the requirement of plantation flowers
Work, belong to extended release matrix material at a specified future date, degradation speed is generally 2-3.The long-term effect of the raw material can be protected effectively
Initial substrate is demonstrate,proved when entering cyclic process in future, the effect for agent of playing stably.It can phase with the microbial flora in vinegar residue substrate
Interaction, fertilizer efficiency combination of long drives and drop shots, brings out the best in each other.
3) coco bran fiber
A) cocoanut fiber category elongated fibers type base starting material, granularity, fiber finer density etc. is all much higher than the mud purchased
Carbon feedstock.After water logging, the overall characteristic with loose, porous water conservation and ventilation.Can make up above two component it is ventilative,
It is retained, the deficiency of compact substance equilibrium degree；
B) compared with peat constituent, coco bran Fiber Materials contain higher phosphorus and potassium, are easy to shoot vegetable and inhale under photosynthesis
It receives, but other elements nitrogen, calcium, magnesium equal size are seldom.In addition, hemicellulose degradable in coco bran is very low, have on the contrary more
Lignin and cellulose belong to inert base raw material scope；
C) it in view of the lower feature of coco bran raw material nutrient, when carrying out initial substrate design, is set by implant system supplement
It counts to complete the addition of matrix nutrient and perfect work.Such as in selection shoot vegetable kind and planting proportion or even marketing weight
When point, according to the characteristic of leguminous plant fixed nitrogen, it is ensured that plantation and residual containing a certain proportion of pulse family class shoot vegetable kind
Object recycling, makes matrix in reclaiming, constantly there is nitrogen supplement.
4) initial substrate being formed passes through the above process for preparation, and the performance of initial substrate is as follows:
A) length-staple fiber in matrix, the blend proportions such as granularity are uniformly reasonable, make retentiveness, the gas permeability appropriateness of matrix,
Bulk density ability is in optimum state；
B) activity-inertia organic matter blend proportion balanced and reasonable makes the nutrient content appropriateness of matrix, and release is steady, sufficiently
Consider the evolutionary process of matrix circular regeneration；
C) combination of microorganism-organic matter rationally, makes existing in matrix also to have for the warm and humid structural environment of microbe survival
For the organic food chain composition of its metabolism, make the process that matrix is constantly in keeping and system is supported.
In summary work, it can be deduced that shoot vegetable initial substrate reached " nutrient formula is accurate, long-acting slow balance,
The technical requirements of water conservation appearance root coefficients match ".Initial basic performance indices parameter area is to be shown in Table:
Two, circular form organic substrate is in addition to possessing initial substrate feature, as the round that " use-regeneration " recycles increases,
The structure and nutrient formula of matrix gradually develop, and form the extraordinary organic group for possessing and adapting to shoot vegetable production self-characteristic
Matter.It specifically includes that
1) since varieties of plant has inherent ratio, so that nutrient is anti-after their residue recycling mixing is decomposed
Reflect the primary feature of varieties of plant and ratio.Such as the plantation of 70% leaf class shoot vegetable and 30% pulse family class shoot vegetable, make to cut off top
Remaining rhizome residue after sprout, after mixing is decomposed, nitrogen therein-carbon ratio regenerates matrix close to 7:3
Possess good nutrient ratio, meets the needs of future plantings multi items shoot vegetable.
2) growth cycle limited makes to possess different fiber and granularity ratio in the residue ingredient recycled.Such as growth
7 days periods and 21 days shoot vegetables of growth cycle possess different dry matters or cellulose ratios, and the time for needs of degrading is also not
It is identical to the greatest extent, make to regenerate matrix physical structure, such as porosity-retentiveness, dissolves into multiple continuous hierarchical structure, ensure that base
The biochemical characteristic of matter continuous-stable.This characteristic is almost difficult to realize in a manner of manually preparing.
3) plantation of multi items shoot vegetable is carried out due to synchronizing, the nutrient of multi-factor structure is possessed in residue.
All kinds of fresh rhizomes and initial organic substrate component are constantly using, in degradation and digest process, and nutrient is available
The supplement of multiple element, nutrient abundant has cultivated huge microbiologic population in organic matter degradation digest process, micro-
Biocoene makes regeneration matrix constantly regain new biological nutrients again, and matrix is made to be always maintained at its bioactivity.Therefore, by
In combining closely for planting process and matrix regeneration processes, makes to regenerate matrix one tool biology work is gradually evolved by initial substrate
The microbial matrices of property.This bion matrix possesses " soil ", " fertilizer " and " biology " sum total characteristic, approaches to the maximum extent
Nature ecological circulation state.
If 4) sale of shoot vegetable has stable market to pull, shoot vegetable produces element will be relatively stable, such as plant product
Kind, production method, production cycle and the standardized work mode of production run etc..If all residues after production can be into
Row timely recycles, and is handled by unified step, then, the microbiologic population recycled in matrix will be in unified frame
Under, circulation procreation is carried out in unified process, once this group is stabilized and powerful, then other harmful bacterias, insect pest etc.
Microorganism will be difficult to fall main group to cause damages.Therefore it says, once " use-regeneration " stablizes, main flora will become a kind of biology
Antibody makes to recycle a kind of matrix of the matrix as healthy normal state.
5) after matrix is recycled, substrate composition will change, and trend and rule have:
A) the rough base portion of vinegar is gradually converted to the physical structure of circulation matrix, zymophyte and depth drop when original state
The synthesis flora of solution continuously plays the degradation to fresh organic matter, continually strengthens simultaneously, becomes main micro- life
Object flora.The main flora can still play preferable promotion organic matter degradation in winter, but in summer, the speed of main flora development
Degree and effect dynamics are very powerful.
B) peat feedstock portions are with-continuous the repetition of removal process is used, in the effect of other organic matters and microorganism
Under, H2-H6 is gradually converted to H7-H10, i.e., the depth of decomposed degradation accelerates.The content of matrix organic is improved, is reduced
The pooling feature of a part of matrix nutrients release.
C) coco bran material part due to coco bran fiber have strong inert base characteristic, recycle matrix in coco bran
Ratio is more stable, increases with additive amount and increases.It plays a part of stable structure, and then plays biochemical stable effect, makes
The performance of matrix tends to be soft.
D) plantation recycling waste material be mainly shoot vegetable maturation shearing after remaining undesirable root, residual leaf and " Gen-yl " it is integrated
Planting matrix.These residues organic matter rich in, including cellulose, carbon-to-nitrogen element, various microelements and microorganism
Deng.They will be increasingly becoming the leading of circulation matrix components.Wherein, the residual object of pulse family class shoot vegetable of high microsteping supplements nitrogen member
Element is added to fibre structure again.Fresh organic matter has also supported various microbiologic populations, by metabolism, so that cycle basis
Matter remains the activity of application.
E) it is needed according to growth and growth conditions is analyzed, to improve above-mentioned performance, appropriateness is also needed to add mineral nutrients and have
Machine fertilizer etc..
Three, in order to ensure disease does not occur during the growth process in shoot vegetable, deinsectization sterilizing need to be carried out to circular regeneration matrix.
Deinsectization sterilizing can be divided into high-temperature steam deinsectization sterilizing and ultraviolet light deinsectization sterilizing.Wherein, high-temperature steam deinsectization sterilizing is to decomposed
The organic matter of degradation carries out the bored steaming of high temperature, kills the worm's ovum in organic matter, kills disease bacterium, asphyxia weed seed etc..It simultaneously can
The rotten degree for accelerating or enhancing organic matter converts organic matter to the planting matrix of high quality.Period goes back in culture substrate and adapts to
The microbiologic population of specific temperature living environment, it is ensured that bioactivity is stablized single controllable in matrix.
Four, as increasing for the frequency of process is recycled in matrix, the component and feature of initial substrate will gradually weaken, kind
The feature of plant and the residual object of recycling will gradually be reinforced.After shoot vegetable shearing, the ratio of rhizome residual object and matrix in general residue
It is 1 to 1, in continuous digest process, the residue conversion product of each round is more higher and higher than regular meeting, evolves into matrix finally
" the decomposed object matrix of plantation object degradation ".This matrix produces the practice discovery of professional farm more than ten years through North America shoot vegetable,
" the decomposed object matrix of plantation object degradation " is by production object, production system, and production stage integrally develops, various aspects
It can be more suitable for the plantation of homogeneous object shoot vegetable, performance is more stable, and fertilizer efficiency is softer, and biocoene is richer, shoot vegetable growth
It is more healthy and strong.
With increasing for residue recycling frequency, the part consumed in matrix is continuously replenished, and shoot vegetable growth also becomes
It obtains more healthy and strong and luxuriant.Due to matrix structure more tend to it is perfect, matrix degree of ionization reinforce, matrix biopolymers activity being capable of quick shape
At nutrient is released effectively.Due to stable recycling, degradation and decomposed control process, so, the microorganism in matrix
Group is periodically cultivated and is multiplied, and so that matrix biopolymers activity is continued and is reinforced, organic trait is also gradually perfect.Plantation
Shoot vegetable health is healthy and strong, full of nutrition, and taste is peculiar, convenient for storage.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case where can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production and organic substrate recycle utilization, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
(1) initial substrate: initial substrate is uniform by vinegar grain seedling medium, dry coco bran and natural organic peat combined hybrid, outside
Add a small amount of water stirring that humidity is made to reach 65-70%；Then it banks up and adds vapor-permeable type drape heat and moisture preserving, make wherein microorganism work
Change；
(2) matrix packing sowing: is divided in 7 liters of capacity (54 × 27 × 6cm3) standard seedlings nursing plate in, pour clean water soak to
It reaches saturated-water phase, and every physics-biochemical indicator such as holds gas, melt water, and degree of ionization reaches uniform and stable state；Matrix is wet
Afterwards, seed is sowed；For protection sprout and the tip of a root, covers a small amount of cleaning " surface dust " covering seed moisturizing and protect bud；When needing, by seed plate
Rule is placed in the nice and cool place of clean cleaning, place is pollution-free source and sundries；
(3) growth course management:
(3-1) is unfolded to pave after seed germinates comprehensively, by seedling disk by the folded shape that falls, and light-exposed, ventilative and moisturizing, daily to observe
Growing state supplements growth water in due course；Growing environment is far from periphery pollution sources, ventilating system used in growing environment, outside
It is filtered when wind enters；If dark and damp weather sprout is rotted, mildew, when insect pest, by problematic seed plate and
When reject, matrix therein pours into closed bucket together with problem sprout and utilizes digest process to sterilize in advance, after with other decomposed matrix
Carry out high-temp steam sterilizing；
(3-2) cuts off its top after shoot vegetable is mature, vegetable is made, it is decomposed that residue pours into sealing profession degradation immediately
Bucket；Decomposed bucket 250-300 liter can fill 50 to 55 seed plate residues, be put together at matrix reclaiming directorial area；It is professional rotten
Ripe bucket is a kind of sealed container, it is ensured that the residue of recycling in decomposed degradation process with atmosphere pollution sediment, haze
Deng zero contact, it is ensured that regenerate the cleaning of matrix, the purification of microbial flora especially therein；
(4) it degrades decomposed sterilization process: the subsequent matrix residue gathered in being recycled, is packed into the decomposed bucket of profession, in summer,
General 2-3 week, various root, stem and leaf fresh materials can degrade rotten, tentatively be stirred at this time；1-2 weeks content after stirring
It starts to warm up, organic matter is gradually decomposed, and dark greyish green taste when matrix is by recycling is gradually converted into pure " soil " taste；Work as matrix
When by massive transformation to discrete particles shape, secondary deep stirring is carried out, and carries out high-temperature steam or UV daylight disinfection；Disinfection
Third time stirring is carried out together with sabot process afterwards, allowing regeneration matrix to carry out aerobic respiration makes microorganism therein sufficiently breathe activation
And breeding, so that matrix is reached best sowing state；When necessary according to season, some other inert base coco brans are properly added, are mentioned
The ventilative water permeability of high circulation matrix, can carry out later using；
(2) regenerate matrix: initial substrate, will be each after the planting process of variety mixture formula shoot vegetable series and seedling are tapped
Class growth residue carries out mixing recycling；It is degraded in special container to them after recycling, is decomposed, sterilizing, aerobic stirring
Deng the processing of four procedures, the subsequent object of the growth for recycling these forms secondary recycling " compost " matrix (COMPOST), and uses again
In the production of subsequent shoot vegetable；In cycles, " use-regeneration " circular form " compost " matrix (RECYCLING is formed
COMPOST)；
(3) recycle matrix: circular form organic substrate is in addition to possessing initial substrate feature, with the round of " use-regeneration " circulation
Increase, the structure and nutrient formula of matrix gradually develop, and forming the special type for possessing and adapting to shoot vegetable production self-characteristic has
Machine matrix.
2. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: step
(1) initial substrate is prepared, mixing, stirs work progress in stainless steel " pond molded capacity body ", contacts with other substances zero, temperature
Change with room temperature；After mixing, continue to stack 24 hours for use, configure 500 liters or so every time, matched using artificial or machine
System.
3. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: step
(2) clean water is " filtering magnetized water " or " filtering domestic water " in.
4. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: step
(2) seed is that cleaned vernalization or matrix induce the seed after vernalization in, there is higher cleannes.
5. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: use
Organic substrate plants production cycle average out to two weeks or so of shoot vegetable, and decomposed period is recycled after matrix use generally in two weeks
Left and right, therefore, for one group of matrix using reusing after circulation 3 months by a definite date, 1 year four times or so recyclable.
6. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: initial
The configuration amount of matrix and the usage amount of seed plate are suitable.
7. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: initial
Contaminated soil has been avoided contact in the configuration process of matrix, avoided using unfiltered water, avoided exposure to outdoor
Under the environment such as acid rain, haze that may occur, avoids being mixed into and any used pesticide, chemical fertilizer and suspicious plant or sundries.
8. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: again
During recycling participates in matrix in raw matrix step, once after the completion of tapping work, seed plate and the residual object of harvesting can be concentrated rapidly,
And matrix and residue are poured into decomposed bucket and enclosed package, and it is placed in ventilation and classifies on schedule under cleaning and warm environment, seedling
Disk concentrates cleaning and sunning.
9. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 8 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: close
Close in decomposed bucket, fresh material in residual object, such as leaf class, rhizome are i.e. degradable at 2-3 weeks, at this point, matrix need to be carried out rolling and
Stirring is primary；After placing 2-3 weeks again, it is decomposed that matrix starts internal heating.At this point it is possible to by uncapping and shaking the behaviour such as decomposed bucket
Make to promote matrix aerobic respiration, it is made to carry out the processes such as depth is decomposed and self sterilizes.
10. a kind of organic shoot vegetable production according to claim 1 and organic substrate recycle, it is characterised in that: be
Ensure that disease does not occur during the growth process in shoot vegetable, deinsectization sterilizing need to be carried out to circular regeneration matrix.
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| CN111165329A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-19 | 张浓田 | Method for cultivating biological block and use thereof |
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