CN110241032B - 一种近玫色锁掷孢酵母及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种新菌株——近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM‑8(Sporidiobolus pararoseus,SSM‑8),及其与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶的方法,属于微生物发酵技术领域。本发明的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM‑8是本发明的发明人从杭州西溪湿地的桑树上桑葚中分离得到的一种新菌株,该菌株已于2019年1月7日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,地址:湖北省武汉市武昌区武汉大学保藏中心,保藏编号:CCTCC M 2019034。本发明还涉及近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM‑8与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶的应用,具体为:以毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM‑8为原料分别制备毛栓菌种子液和近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液,将其依次接种到共培养发酵培养基中振荡培养得到含漆酶的发酵液,本发明发酵获得的漆酶活力高,符合工业化大规模生产要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新菌株——近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8(Sporidioboluspararoseus,SSM-8),及其与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶的方法,属于微生物发酵技术领域。
背景技术
漆酶(Laccase,ρ-diphenoloxidase,EC1.10.3.2)是一类含铜的多酚氧化酶,属蓝色多铜氧化酶家族。漆酶广泛存在于自然界中,包括真菌、细菌、植物及昆虫等。真菌是漆酶的主要产生菌,其中以担子菌门的白腐真菌研究为主。漆酶是一种环境友好型酶类,可催化氧化多种底物,如酚类及其衍生物、芳胺及其衍生物、羟酸及其衍生物、一些金属有机化合物和甾类激素、生物色素等,在环境保护与修复、造纸工业、有机合成、食品工业、生物监测等领域有着广泛的应用前景。
漆酶诱导表达是提高白腐真菌漆酶产量的一个重要途径,其诱导方式主要有外源化合物诱导和共培养诱导两种。外源化合物如金属盐离子、醇类、芳香族小分子类及木质素降解过程的中间产物或衍生物等对自腐真菌漆酶产量具有明显的诱导作用。诱导剂的添加一方面增加了成本,另一方面可能引入有毒的芳香类化合物或金属离子,增加了后处理的成本,也容易造成环境污染,不利于大规模工业化生产。微生物共培养诱导漆酶生产,具有成本低廉、安全清洁、后处理简单等优点,更具有工业化应用前景。目前,共培养诱导的研究主要集中在近缘白腐真菌之间的漆酶诱导,例如Dichomitus squalens、Phlebia radiata和Ceriporiopsis共培养产漆酶降解农业上的废弃秸轩等。此外,也有木霉、曲霉、酵母等其他类型真菌诱导白腐真菌产漆酶的研究报道。
中国专利申请号CN201310232385.X,名称为“一种阿魏菇与胶红酵母共发酵生产漆酶的方法”,公开了一种阿魏菇与胶红酵母共发酵生产漆酶的方法,但其产酶水平并不高(18015.1U/L,ABTS法),共培养时酶活力提高有限。
毛栓菌(Trametes hirsuta),隶属于菌物界,担子菌门,伞菌纲,多孔菌目,多孔菌科,能够分泌多种对有机污染物有降解作用的氧化酶,是一类重要的产漆酶白腐真菌。目前,毛栓菌漆酶大多采用人工合成的培养基进行液态或者固态发酵制备,有关毛栓菌共培养诱导漆酶的研究报道较少,而且没有有关毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养诱导漆酶的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种新菌株——近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8(Sporidioboluspararoseus,SSM-8),及其与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶的方法,本发明共培养液体发酵工艺显著提高产漆酶水平,所产漆酶酶活性高。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
本发明的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8(Sporidiobolus pararoseus,SSM-8)是本发明的发明人从杭州西溪湿地的桑树上桑葚中分离得到的一种新菌株,该菌株已于2019年1月9日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,地址:湖北省武汉市武昌区武汉大学保藏中心,保藏编号:CCTCC M 2019034SSM-8。
本发明所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)SSM-8,隶属于担子菌门Basidiomycota;柄锈菌亚门Pucciniomycotina;微球黑粉菌纲Microbotryomycetes;锁掷酵母目Sporidiobolales;锁掷酵母科Sporidiobolaceae;锁掷酵母属Sporidiobolus。
本发明的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8菌株特征如下:
菌落形态:菌落生长较快,菌落呈粉红色,表面光滑、湿润,边缘整齐,易挑起。
显微(10×40高倍显微镜)形态:显微镜下观察,菌体呈椭球形,以出芽方式进行繁殖。
本发明提取所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的总DNA,以通用引物ITS1和ITS4为引物,成功扩增了它的ITS区序列,增的序列大小约为550bp,将它们交由上海生工生物工程有限公司测序。将ITS序列提交Genebank,本发明菌株SSM-8序列与近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)序列同源性为99%,结合形态学观察,该菌鉴定为近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)。
其中,上述菌株近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的ITS序列如附录表SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明还涉及所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶的应用。
具体的,所述的应用为:
S1、制备毛栓菌种子液:
取毛栓菌菌种接种到PDA斜面培养基,于20~30℃培养6~8天,将培养后的斜面菌种接种至PDB种子培养基,于20~30℃下振荡培养5~8天得到毛栓菌种子液,摇床转速为120~160r/min;
S2、制备近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液:
取近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8接种到PDA斜面培养基,于25~30℃培养2~4天,将培养后的斜面菌种接种至PDB种子培养基,于25~30℃振荡培养2~3天得到近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液,摇床转速为120~180r/min;
S3、毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养:
将步骤S1所得的毛栓菌种子液接种到共培养发酵培养基,于25~28℃振荡培养4~6天,摇床转速为120~160r/min,再将步骤2所得的近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液接种到同一共培养发酵培养基,于25~28℃继续振荡培养培养3~7天即得含漆酶的发酵液。
优选的,步骤S3中所述共培养发酵培养基的组成为(终浓度):马铃薯150~200g/L,玉米粉10~20g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,水。
优选的,步骤S1和S2中所述PDB培养基的组成为(终浓度):马铃薯150~200g/L,葡萄糖10~20g/L,水;所述PDA培养基的组成为(终浓度):150~200g/L,葡萄糖10~20g/L,琼脂15~20g/L,水。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在:
本发明首次将毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养生产漆酶,并提供了一种新的菌株,在一定的工艺条件下,近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8单培养时不产漆酶,与毛栓菌共培养时可显著提高漆酶酶活力;本发明在漆酶生产过程中无需添加化学诱导剂,生产工艺安全环保、后处理简单;本发明发酵获得的漆酶活力高,符合工业化大规模生产要求。
附图说明
图1为近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8和毛栓菌的菌落形态图和显微形态图,其中,A为SSM-8菌落形态;B为SSM-8显微形态图;C为毛栓菌菌落形态;D为毛栓菌显微形态图。
图2为总DNA经通用引物ITS1/ITS4 PCR扩增后凝胶电泳图,其中,M为参照物Marker;泳道1为近玫色锁掷孢酵母的目的条带;泳道2为毛栓菌的目的条带。
图3为近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8和毛栓菌(Trametes hirsuta)基于ITS序列的系统发育树(采用邻接法构建)。
图4为本发明实施例5毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8共培养生产的漆酶的酶活力测试图。
图5为漆酶的Native-PAGE电泳图,其中,泳道1为毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养;泳道2为毛栓菌单独培养;泳道3为近玫色锁掷孢酵母单培养。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例,结合附图,对本发明的技术方案进一步阐述说明。
实施例1:近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)SSM-8的分离
近玫色锁掷孢酵母CCTCC M 2019034SSM-8于2018年5月分离自健康的桑葚。实验材料于2018年4月采自杭州西溪国家湿地公园的桑树。
分离按如下步骤进行:取健康的桑葚在75%乙醇中浸泡30s,取出后用灭菌水漂洗3次,再在3%的次氯酸钠溶液中浸泡30s,取出后用灭菌水漂洗3次。在无菌条件下将桑葚撕成小片置于PDA平板上,于28℃恒温培养箱中培养2-4d;将分离物置于新鲜的PDA平板上多次划线分离纯化,将纯化后的菌株接种到斜面培养基上,于28℃培养3天后放于4℃冰箱保存。
上述PDA固体培养基的制备方法为:称取200g去皮马铃薯小块,加入500mL水,煮沸30min后,用4层纱布过滤,滤液中加入20g葡萄糖和20g琼脂,加热溶解后补水至1000mL,pH自然,121℃高压蒸汽灭菌20min。
实施例2:近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)SSM-8的鉴定
1、菌株平板形态观察
将本发明实施例1分离的菌株接种在PDA培养基平板上,于28℃培养箱内培养,观察菌落的形态。
请参阅附图1所示的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的菌落形态图,所述菌株SSM-8的菌落形态为:菌落生长较快,菌落呈粉红色,表面光滑、湿润,边缘整齐,易挑起。
2、菌株显微形态观察
请参阅附图1所示的本发明近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的显微形态图,所述近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的显微形态(10×40高倍显微镜)为:菌体呈椭圆形,以出芽方式进行繁殖。
3、菌株的分子生物学鉴定
(1)DNA的提取
收集PDB培养基发酵4天的菌体,将菌体用液氮研磨后,用真菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒(生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司)提取总DNA。
(2)ITS区序列的PCR扩增
引物序列为:ITS1(5′–TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGC–3′)和ITS4(5′–TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC–3′)。
PCR反应条件为:94℃预热5min,94℃变性1min,55℃退火40s,72℃延伸50s,共30个循环;72℃延伸10min。PCR扩增产物(附图2)由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司完成测序。
本发明所述近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8的ITS碱基序列见附录SEQ ID NO:1所示。
(3)数据处理
序列数据在NCBI的Genbank中进行同源序列搜索比对,分析其同源性。
结果显示:本发明菌株SSM-8序列与近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidioboluspararoseus)的同源性达到99%,请参阅附图3所示的近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8基于ITS序列的系统发育树,综合形态学分类鉴定结果和分子生物学分类鉴定结果,最终鉴定该菌株为近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidiobolus pararoseus)。
实施例3:毛栓菌(Trametes hirsuta)
请参阅附图1所示的毛栓菌的显微形态图以及附图3所示的毛栓菌基于ITS序列的系统发育树。
本发明所述的毛栓菌的ITS碱基序列见附录SEQ ID NO:2所示。
实施例4:毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液的制备
制备毛栓菌种子液:取从桑椹中分离得到的毛栓菌菌种接种到PDA斜面培养基,于20~30℃培养7d;将斜面菌种接种至PDB种子培养基,于20~30℃振荡培养5~8d,摇床转速120~160r/min,得到毛栓菌种子液。
制备近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液:取从桑椹中分离得到的玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8接种到PDA斜面培养基,于25~30℃培养2~4天;将斜面菌种接种至PDB种子培养基,于25~30℃振荡培养2~3d,摇床转速120~180r/min,得到近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液。
PDA培养基的组成为(终浓度):150~200g/L,葡萄糖10~20g/L,琼脂15~20g/L,余量为水,自然pH。
PDB培养基的组成为(终浓度):马铃薯150~200g/L,葡萄糖10~20g/L,余量为水,自然pH。
实施例5:毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养制备漆酶
将实施例4制备的毛栓菌种子液3mL接种到共培养发酵培养基,于28℃振荡培养6天,摇床转速150r/min;再在共培养发酵培养基接种实施例4制备的近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液4.5mL,于相同的条件下继续培养4天,即得含漆酶的发酵液。请参阅附图5,经检测,该漆酶发酵液中漆酶活力为31777U/L(ABTS法),比单培养时提高了近10倍。
所述共培养发酵培养基的组成为(终浓度):马铃薯150~200g/L,玉米粉10~20g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,其余成分为水,自然pH。容量为500mL的三角瓶的装液量为120mL。
所述漆酶酶活力的测定方法具体如下:
采用ABTS法测定漆酶酶活,反应体系为1mL,含Hac-NaAc(pH 4.5)缓冲溶液0.78mL,稀释后的发酵酶液20μL和1mmol/L的ABTS 100μL,每30s读取一次420nm下吸光值,每组3个重复。1个酶活力单位定义为在当前反应条件下每分钟氧化1μmol ABTS所需的酶量。
实施例6:毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养制备漆酶
将实施例4制备的毛栓菌种子液3mL接种到共培养发酵培养基,于28℃振荡培养5天,摇床转速150r/min,再在共培养发酵培养基接种实施例4制备的近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液4.5mL,于相同的条件下继续培养5天,即得含漆酶的发酵液。经检测,该漆酶发酵液中漆酶活力为28333U/L(ABTS法)。漆酶酶活力的测定方法同实施例5。
实施例7:毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养产漆酶
将实施例4制备的毛栓菌种子液3mL接种到共培养发酵培养基,于28℃振荡培养6天,摇床转速150r/min,再在共培养发酵培养基接种实施例4制备的近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液3mL,于相同的条件下继续培养4天,即得含漆酶的发酵液。经检测,该漆酶发酵液中漆酶活力为27500U/L(ABTS法)。漆酶酶活力的测定方法同实施例5。
实施例8:漆酶的Native-PAGE电泳
采用10%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Native-PAGE)分析漆酶同工酶。分别取8μL毛栓菌单独培养发酵上清液、毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养发酵上清液和近玫色锁掷孢酵母单培养发酵上清液进行检测,电泳后使用含有0.5mM ABTS的醋酸钠缓冲液(pH 4.5)染色,分析同工酶谱含量和组分。请参阅附图5所示的漆酶的Native-PAGE电泳图。
Native-PAGE分析表明,毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8共培养时,漆酶同工酶谱发生改变。在共培养时,漆酶同工酶由Lac1、Lac2和Lac3组分共同组成;然而,毛栓菌单独培养时,漆酶同工酶组分主要以Lac2和Lac3为主。此外,毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8共培养时,Lac3的酶活力比单培养时明显增加,而Lac2的酶活力与单培养时相当。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的较佳方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其他的变体及改型。
序列表
<110> 浙江树人学院(浙江树人大学)
<120> 一种近玫色锁掷孢酵母及其应用
<130> 2019
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 578
<212> DNA
<213> 近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8 (Sporidiobolus pararoseus,SSM-8)
<400> 1
tggggttttg gaccgggggg tgtccattta cttggaccca aacttctcaa ttctaacttt 60
gtgcatctgt attaatggcg agcaacttcg gttgtgagcc ttcacttaca aaacactagt 120
ctatgaatgt aaaattttta taacaaataa aaactttcaa caacggatct cttggctctc 180
gcatcgatga agaacgcagc gaaatgcgat acgtaatgtg aattgcaaaa ttcagtgaat 240
catcgaatct ttgaacgcat cttgcgctct ctggtattcc ggagagcatg tctgtttgag 300
tgtcatgaat tcttcaaccc aatcttttct tgtaatcgat tggtgtttgg attctgagcg 360
ttgctggcgt ttgcctagct cgttcgtaat acattagcat ccctaataca agtttggatt 420
gacttggcgt aatagactat tcgctaagga ttcggtggaa acatcgagcc aacttcatta 480
aggaagctcc taatttaaaa gtctaccttt tgattagatc tcaaatcagg caggattacc 540
cgctgaactt aaagcatatc aataagcgga ggaaagat 578
<210> 1
<211> 599
<212> DNA
<213> 毛栓菌 (Trametes hirsuta)
<400> 1
ggcttcgggc ttgatgggtt gttgctggcc ttccgaggca tgtgcacgcc ctgctcatcc 60
actctacacc tgtgcactta ctgtaggttg gcgtgggttt ctagcctccg ggctgggagc 120
attctgccgg cctatgtaca ctacaaactc taaagtatca gaatgtaaac gcgtctaacg 180
catcttaata caactttcag caacggatct cttggctctc gcatcgatga agaacgcagc 240
gaaatgcgat aagtaatgtg aattgcagaa ttcagtgaat catcgaatct ttgaacgcac 300
cttgcgctcc ttggtattcc gaggagcatg cctgtttgag tgtcatgaaa ttctcaaccc 360
ataagtcctt gtgatctatg ggcttggatt tggaggcttg ctggccctag cggtcggctc 420
ctcttgaatg cattagcttg attccgtgcg gatcggctct cagtgtgata attgtctacg 480
ctgtgaccgt gaagcgtttt ggcaagcttc taaccgtcca ttaggacaat cttttaacat 540
ctgacctcaa atcaggtagg actacccgct gaacttaagc atatcaataa gcggaggaa 599
Claims (7)
1.一种近玫色锁掷孢酵母,其特征在于,该近玫色锁掷孢酵母(Sporidioboluspararoseus)的保藏名称为近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8,保藏单位:中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏日期:2019年1月9日,保藏编号:CCTCCNO:M 2019034。
2.权利要求1所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,将所述近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8与毛栓菌共培养制备漆酶。
3.如权利要求2所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,具体方法如下:
S1、制备毛栓菌种子液:
取毛栓菌菌种接种到PDA斜面培养基,于20~30℃培养6~8天,将培养后的斜面菌种接种到PDB种子培养基,于20~30℃下振荡培养5~8天得到毛栓菌种子液;
S2、制备近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液:
取近玫色锁掷孢酵母SSM-8接种到PDA斜面培养基,于25~30℃培养2~4天,将培养后的斜面菌种接种到PDB种子培养基,于25~30℃振荡培养2~3天得到近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液;
S3、毛栓菌和近玫色锁掷孢酵母共培养:
将步骤S1所得的毛栓菌种子液接种到共培养发酵培养基,于25~28℃振荡培养4~6天,再将步骤S2所得的近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液接种到同一共培养发酵培养基,于25~28℃继续振荡培养培养3~7天即得含漆酶的发酵液。
4.如权利要求3所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述毛栓菌种子液与共培养发酵培养基的体积比为(0.02~0.05):1,所述近玫色锁掷孢酵母种子液与共培养发酵培养基的体积比为(0.02~0.04):1。
5.如权利要求3所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,步骤S1中振荡培养时摇床转速为120~160r/min,步骤S2中振荡培养时摇床转速为120~180r/min,步骤S3中振荡培养时摇床转速为120~160r/min。
6.如权利要求3所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述共培养发酵培养基的组成为:马铃薯150~200g/L,玉米粉10~20g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,水。
7.如权利要求3所述的近玫色锁掷孢酵母的应用,其特征在于,步骤S1和S2中所述PDB培养基的组成为:马铃薯150~200g/L,葡萄糖10~20g/L,水。
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