CN110219277A - The dam bursting flood analysis system of dam system - Google Patents
The dam bursting flood analysis system of dam system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of dam system flood due to dam-break analysis systems, comprising: topological analysis module, data collection module, the analysis module of single dam, advance of freshet analysis module and the prediction module of dam system；The topological analysis module of the dam system is used to determine the classification of dam in dam system；The data collection module is used to collect the information of dam in dam system；The analysis module of the single dam determines the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam according to the architectural modulus data of the water level model of dam and dam body for establishing the water level model of dam；The advance of freshet analysis module calculates the inbound traffics of high-grade dam downstream according to the outflow of low classification dam for analyzing flood from the low process for being classified dam and flowing to high-grade dam；The prediction module, for predicting flood in evolution process, if dam bursts, predict whether to will cause downstream water dam-break and predict downstream burst the water dam-break time, flood due to dam-break crest discharge.
Description
This application claims on 03 26th, 2018 submission Patent Office of the People's Republic of China, application No. is 201810253242.X, invention
This Shen is hereby incorporated by reference in the priority of the Chinese patent application of entitled " the security evaluation method of dam system ", entire contents
Please in.
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of the dam bursting flood analysis system and method for dam system.
Background technique
In relatively large watershed with a varied topography, the dam for water blocking is dispersed with along river.Multiple dam combinations above-mentioned
The entirety of formation is referred to as dam system.
In basin in the lesser situation of precipitation, the Regulation capacity of each dam can cope with section watershed concentration and upstream
The aerial drainage of reservoir is not in Dam Break Problems.
Occurs short-time strong rainfall in basin, the Regulation capacity of dam cannot cope with the confluence and upper pond in section basin
Aerial drainage when, dam is likely to occur dam break risk.Because of the flood due to dam-break that dam break generates very huge, flood with crest discharge
Shorter characteristic is lasted, so aerial drainage causes the water of lower reservoir to lower reservoir in the flood due to dam-break short time that dam break generates
Measure super storage capacity, downstream dam dam break；The continuous dam break of dam, may cause great dangerous situation in entire dam system resulting from.With
In the middle part of 1975 Henan Province, the China Nian8Yue because caused by an extra torrential rain dam it is even routed for, the precipitation of short time causes plate
Two large reservoirs of bridge and stone overbank, two medium-sized reservoirs of Tian Gang and bamboo ditch and 58 dam small reservoirs overflow dam break in succession, and
Lead to extremely tragic extremely serious flood；This time extremely serious flood causes 2.6 ten thousand people death, 11,000,000 people disaster-stricken, floods arable land and exists
17000000 mu or so.Therefore, to the carry out analysis and prediction tool of flood due to dam-break caused by the continuous dam break of dam in entire dam system
There is important realistic meaning.
But existing flood due to dam-break analysis system is mostly only capable of for because bursting caused by the super storage capacity of single reservoir
The flood hydrograph of journey, crevasse development process are analyzed, and provide reference for flood due to dam-break analysis and early warning；There are also researchers
Develop the program for the analysis that can carry out even bursting to concatenated several step reservoirs on a river.But without a kind of method,
It is able to solve in the complicated dam system comprising big measuring dam, certain dam once bursts, if will cause the company of downstream dam
Continuous burst is predicted, and the crest discharge of water dam-break time of continuously bursting, flood due to dam-break carry out asking for analysis and prediction
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of flood due to dam-break analysis system of dam system, cannot be to large complicated dam to solve existing method
System carries out the problem of flood due to dam-break analysis and early warning.
The application provides a kind of flood due to dam-break analysis system of dam system, comprising: the topological analysis module of dam system, data collection
Module, the analysis module of single dam, advance of freshet analysis module and prediction module；
The topological analysis module of the dam system is used to determine dam in dam system according to the topological structure and classification rule of dam system
Classification；
The data collection module is used to collect the information of dam in dam system, comprising: the architectural modulus data of dam body, dam
Directly control the storage-capacity curve of basin perimeter, rainfall and dam；
The analysis module of the single dam, for according to reservoir inflow, storage outflow, dam storage capacity, establish dam
Water level model, the water level model be used for real-time monitoring dam water level variation；According to the water level model of dam and dam body
Architectural modulus data determine the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam, described to burst what unrestrained state model was used to export according to the water level model
Real time water level determines the unrestrained state of bursting of dam；
The advance of freshet analysis module, for analyzing flood from the low process for being classified dam and flowing to high-grade dam, root
The inbound traffics of high-grade dam downstream are calculated according to the outflow of low classification dam；
The prediction module, for according to the defeated of the analysis module of the advance of freshet analysis module and single dam
Out, prediction flood is in evolution process, if dam bursts, predicts whether to will cause under downstream water dam-break and prediction
Swim water dam-break time of bursting, the crest discharge of flood due to dam-break.
Optionally, the topological analysis module of the dam system is used to determine dam system according to the topological structure and classification rule of dam system
The classification of middle dam, refers to, will be in topological structure after the dam in dam system is formed topological structure according to spatial relationship
Dam is classified according to the classification rule of dam system.
Optionally, the classification rule of the dam system, specifically: obtain point for the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam
Grade；If current dam upstream is again without dam, current dam is classified as 1；If the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam
Maximum is classified as N, then current dam is classified as N+1.
Optionally, according to the classification rule, successively first the dam of inferior grade is analyzed, again to high-grade dam into
Row analysis, to guarantee to when any one dam analysis, the amount of water to be discharged of all dams in upstream is known in dam system.
Optionally, the classification rule of the dam system further include:
The network of waterways is decomposed into several sections to carry out hierarchical description, one as 1 grade of dam section basin of the network of waterways in source
Point, the starting point of remaining section, terminal are dam, and the number of section and classification are equal to the classification of its starting point dam；
Optionally, further includes: when in dam system topological structure or dam quantity change when, the topological analysis mould of dam system
Root tuber is again classified the dam in dam system topological structure according to the classification rule of dam system.
Optionally, the data collection module is specifically built for obtaining the architectural modulus data of dam body in dam system
Building parameter includes: height of dam, axis of dam length, the erosion-resisting characteristics parameter of dam material, discharge structure performance parameter.
Optionally, the storage-capacity curve of the dam refers to the water level of dam and the relation curve of storage capacity.
Optionally, the variation of the storage capacity of dam is obtained by the reservoir inflow of identical period dam and the difference of storage outflow
?.
Optionally, the reservoir inflow, including in dam control interval basin perimeter production confluence and upstream dam let out
The raw flow of miscarriage.
Optionally, the production confluence in the dam basin perimeter refers to, dam directly controls rainfall in basin perimeter and deducts
The net rainfall generated after loss flows into the flow of reservoir.
Optionally, the water level model of the dam obtains in the following way:
The storage capacity variation of dam subtracts the sum of storage outflow equal to the sum of described reservoir inflow in a period of time；Wherein, water
Position variation, which changes according to storage capacity from the storage-capacity curve, to be inquired to obtain.
Optionally, the unrestrained state model of bursting that dam is determined according to the water level model of dam and the architectural modulus of dam body,
Include: if that the water level of dam is more than dam crest height, there is unrestrained dam；According to the architectural modulus of dam body and the flow velocity that overflows, in dam
When there is unrestrained dam, determines that dam is to maintain and persistently overflow dam or dam break occurs.
Optionally, the architectural modulus and the flow velocity that overflows according to dam body determines that dam is to protect when unrestrained dam occurs in dam
It persistently overflows dam or dam break occurs, specifically include,
When unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, the flood that overflows is held without departing from dam
By ability, then dam keeps persistently overflowing dam；When unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, exceed water
To the ability to bear for the flood that overflows dam break then occurs for dam, generates flood due to dam-break.
Optionally, the prediction module, specifically for the sequence according to classification from low to high, successively to dam one by one and river
Duan Jinhang analysis, according to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION process of every dam, predicts whether it at a time can overflow or burst, such as
Fruit occurs, then provides at the time of overflow or burst, and carry out dam break calculating.
Optionally, the prediction module is also used to burst in dam system if any dam, is then included in down flood due to dam-break process
Swimming library becomes a mandarin, and analyzes to realize and burst to the company of entire dam system.
Optionally, in the dam system, if a certain dam bursts, at the time of obtaining the dam and burst.
Optionally, the prediction module further obtains the dam if being also used to predict occurs a certain water dam-break
Dam bursting flood Variations in Flow Changes, Reservoir Water Level and crevasse change in size process, according to the changes in flow rate of dam bursting flood
At the time of process determines that dam break crest discharge and flood peak occur.
In addition, the application also provides a kind of analysis method of dam system flood due to dam-break, it is suitable for dam system flood due to dam-break point
Analysis system, the dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system, comprising: data collection module, the topological analysis module of dam system, single dam
Analysis module, advance of freshet analysis module, prediction module characterized by comprising
The classification of every dam in dam system is determined according to the topological structure of dam system and classification rule；
The information of dam, obtains storage-capacity curve model parameter, the dam of dam in the dam system collected according to data collection module
The section drainage area and section that the calculating parameter of aerial drainage, dam break calculating parameter, every dam control under body geometric parameter, normality
Runoff calculation parameter of drainage area etc.；
According to the reservoir inflow, storage outflow, storage capacity of dam, the water level model of dam is established, according to the water level mould of dam
The architectural modulus of type and dam body determines the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam；The unrestrained state model of bursting is used for according to the water level model
The real time water level of output determines the unrestrained state of bursting of dam；
It bursts and overflows such as reservoir, according to pre-set normality vent flow computation model, carry out going out stream calculation under normality；
If reservoir overflows dam, according to pre-set unrestrained dam dam break computation model, carry out unrestrained top or crevasse goes out stream calculation；
According to the advance of freshet model pre-established, predicts that upstream dam sluices and cause the reservoir inflow of downstream dam, dam
It is all thereon to be superimposed with its equal to the runoff yield of the section drainage area of its control for the reservoir inflow of any one dam in system
Swim the reservoir inflow of this dam caused by the letdown flow on the dam being connected directly.
Compared with prior art, the application has the following advantages: the present invention can divide for the flood due to dam-break of dam system
Analysis determines the classification of every dam in dam system according to the topological structure of dam system and classification rule；It is successively first right according to hierarchical sequence
The dam of inferior grade is analyzed, then is analyzed high-grade dam, the outflow process of inferior grade dam is obtained, as meter
Calculate the foundation of high-grade dam reservoir inflow；According to the unrestrained state model of bursting pre-established, the unrestrained state of bursting of dam is determined；In water
When dam generation does not overflow or bursts, the aerial drainage for carrying out normality is calculated；It is unrestrained according to what is pre-established when overflowing or bursting
Top or dam break analysis model obtain unrestrained top and crevasse flood discharge process, Reservoir Water Level process and crevasse expansion process etc..
Whether above-mentioned analysis system can occur unrestrained top or burst to judge to any one dam in dam system, and can
Reservoir level, the outflow change procedure for obtaining any dam (regardless of whether overflow or burst), can provide the dam to burst
Start dam break moment, dam break crest discharge and flood peak and goes out parameter necessary to the emergency responses such as current moment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the flood due to dam-break analysis system of dam system provided by the present application；
Fig. 2 is some silt dam schematic diagram on loess plateau provided by the present application；
Fig. 3 is the distribution of dam and number figure in example dam system provided by the present application；
Fig. 4 is that the dam that example provided by the present application is calculated bursts procedure chart；
Fig. 5 is the storage outflow procedure chart for the typical dam being calculated in example provided by the present application；
Fig. 6 is the flood due to dam-break analysis flow chart diagram of dam system provided by the present application；
Specific embodiment
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention.But the present invention can be with
Much it is different from other way described herein to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention the case where
Under do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of the flood due to dam-break analysis system of dam system provided by the present application.
The flood due to dam-break analysis system of the dam system, comprising: the topological analysis module of dam system, data collection module, single
The analysis module of dam, advance of freshet analysis module, dam system analyze prediction module.
The topological analysis module of the dam system is used to determine in dam system every according to the topological structure and classification rule of dam system
The classification of dam presses the dam in topological structure after the dam in dam system is formed topological structure according to spatial relationship
It is classified according to the classification rule of dam system.Wherein, the classification rule of the dam system, in a specific example specifically: obtain
Take the classification for the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam；If current dam upstream is again without dam, current dam is classified as
1；If the maximum for the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam is classified as N, current dam is classified as N+1.
When having big measuring dam in the network of waterways, the entirety that these dams are constituted is referred to as dam system.Fig. 2 gives certain on loess plateau
A silt dam, wherein including 211 dams.The application just proposes a kind of to complicated dam system topological relation progress hierarchical description
With the method for analysis.After dam in dam system is formed topological structure according to spatial relationship, by the dam in topological structure
It is classified according to the classification rule of dam system.The classification rule of dam system are as follows: if a dam upstream is again without dam, classification
It is 1；If classification is up to 1 in the dam that a dam upstream is directly connected, then the dam is classified as 2；If one
In the dam that a dam upstream is directly connected, classification is up to 2, then the dam is classified as 3, and so on.If one
In the dam that a dam upstream is directly connected, classification is up to N, then the dam is classified as N+1.Typing dam system opens up
When flutterring, to each dam, the quantity and number of its upstream and the dam of its " being connected directly " are provided.Program automatically opens up dam system
Put oneself into capable analysis.When in dam system topological structure or dam quantity change when, the topological analysis module of dam system is according to dam system
Classification rule the dam in dam system topological structure is classified again.
It calculates, the network of waterways is decomposed as follows: by the river in source for the ease of carrying out evolution of the dam bursting flood in river
Net is considered as a part in 1 grade of dam institute's control interval basin；The network of waterways in non-source is decomposed into several sections, each section is risen
Point (close to the one end in source), terminal (close to the one end in downstream) are dam.The dam number phase of the number and its starting point of section
Together, it is classified also identical as the dam classification of its starting point.
Two dams " being connected directly " refer to that " water in the dam of upstream is not required to be flowed by other dams in the application
Downstream dam ".
In this application, the classification of dam is to divide for the ease of analyzing dam system high-grade dam in dam system
It needs to quote the calculated result on inferior grade dam when analysis, is classified unrelated with the project scale of dam itself.
The data collection module is for collecting the architectural modulus data of every dam body, rainfall, water in dam system
The drainage area of reservoir level, dam control before the storage-capacity curve on dam, rainfall and Runoff calculation parameter etc..The wherein building
Parameter includes: height of dam, axis of dam length, the erosion-resisting characteristics parameter of dam material, discharge structure performance parameter.
The storage-capacity curve of the dam refers to the water level of dam and the relation curve of storage capacity.The variation of the storage capacity of dam is logical
The difference of the reservoir inflow and storage outflow of crossing identical period dam obtains.
The reservoir inflow, what the aerial drainage including production confluence and upstream dam in dam control interval basin perimeter generated
Flow.
Dam is divided into many different types of dams according to the difference of construction material, and wherein quantity accounts for absolute majority and is
Earth and rockfill dam and concrete dam two major classes.Earth and rockfill dam is also known as local material dam, and because gathering materials on the spot, construction cost is lower, and obtains wide
General use.According to statistics, there are about 7.8 ten thousand dams in China, and 90% or more the barrage of large and middle reservoirs is earth and rockfill dam, small reservoir
It is more most to use earth and rockfill dam.It is generally believed that when earth and rockfill dam generation library water overflows top, since library water can draw washing away for dam body
Dam break is played, and concrete dam will not be simply because library water overflows top and bursts.
China's design specification regulation, large-scale earth and rockfill dam is necessarily provided with the spillway of enough flood carrying capacities, to guarantee to meet with
When flood, library water energy is enough and lets out at present, strictly avoids library water unrestrained the case where pushing up.But China's dam quantity is very numerous, real
Border situation is extremely complex.The dam that the dam that some early stages build, especially five sixties of last century are built, when due to design
The reasons such as hydrological data is insufficient and design and construction process is lack of standardization, there are storage capacity it is insufficient, flood carrying capacity is insufficient the problems such as.It is some
The dam in the self-built pool of rural collective, often without spillway.The silt arrester in our Shanxi, the Shaanxi Loess Plateau Deng Di,
Often include up to a hundred earth and rockfill dams in a small watershed, form complicated dam system, due to history and economic cause, wherein big absolutely
Majority does not have spillway.
The design discharge of flash building (such as spillway) is often the Flood evolution of foundation natural river course determines.
In dam series of river basin, a dam bursts, and library water comes down in torrents in a short time, often forms huge flood, crest discharge
The often orders of magnitude more several greatly than the flow of natural river course, far beyond the flood carrying capacity of lower reservoir, if lower reservoir is surplus
Remaining storage capacity is not enough to accommodate the library water of upper pond, then can cause even to burst.
In the application, the analysis module of the single dam, including section runoff is analyzed, reservoir inflow calculates,
The storage outflow calculating of normality lower storage reservoir, dam break analysis, the analysis of storage capacity SEA LEVEL VARIATION, the functions such as unrestrained condition discrimination of bursting.
In hydrology, the water flow in the water bodys such as river, lake, underground water is known as runoff, rainfall forms the mistake of runoff
Journey is known as producing confluence, wherein comprising producing two subprocess of stream and confluence.It produces stream and refers to that the loss such as evaporation is deducted in rainfall, form net rainfall
Process referred to as produces stream, and net rainfall is exactly the part rainfall to form runoff；Confluence refers to that rainfall flows into the network of waterways by slope surface, passes through again
The network of waterways is pooled to the process of basin Outlet Section.It is that lower is flowed to from eminence that water flow, which naturally flows to, therefore, around a river
Basin is known as by the range that watershed is surrounded, earth's surface caused by the rainfall in basin or interflow subsurface drainage will all import this river
Stream.
In the application, the section basin perimeter of dam refers to that the basin perimeter of this dam control deducts all dams in its upstream
The basin perimeter of control.
In this application, the reservoir inflow of dam just refers in present period, the production in the basin perimeter of current dam section
The sum of the flow that the aerial drainage of confluence and upstream dam generates.If the upstream of dam is determined again without dam, that is, according to classification rule
1 grade of dam of justice, then its reservoir inflow is exactly the production confluence in current dam basin perimeter, if dam is 2 grades or 2 grades or more
Dam, then his reservoir inflow further include upstream dam aerial drainage generate flow.
Production confluence in the dam basin perimeter, refers to, dam directly controls in basin perimeter after the loss of rainfall deduction
The net rainfall of generation flows into the flow of reservoir.Producing confluence analysis is a complicated hydrology problem, and present system provides one kind most
Simple to produce Confluence Model, i.e., production, confluence amount in the basin perimeter of section are equal to the product of effective precipitation Yu section drainage area,
Suitable for the lesser basin of area (such as drainage area be less than 100km2).The application does not limit using which kind of mode, which kind of mould
Type is analyzed produce confluence.
Just refer to the water level of dam and the relation curve of dam volume variation when the storage-capacity curve of dam, the storage capacity of dam
Variation is obtained by the reservoir inflow of identical period dam and the difference of storage outflow, according to storage-capacity curve, can further be asked
Obtain the variation of water level.
For according to reservoir inflow, storage outflow, dam storage capacity, establish the water level model of dam, the water level model
Variation for real-time monitoring dam water level；The unrestrained shape of bursting of dam is determined according to the architectural modulus of the water level model of dam and dam body
States model, the real time water level that the unrestrained state model of bursting is used to be exported according to the water level model, according to real time water level and dam crest
The relationship of elevation determines the unrestrained state of bursting of dam.It is described that dam is determined according to the water level model of dam and the architectural modulus of dam body
Unrestrained state model of bursting, comprising: if the water level of dam is more than dam crest height, there is unrestrained dam；According to the architectural modulus of dam body and
Overflow flow velocity, when unrestrained dam occurs in dam, determines that dam is to maintain and persistently overflows dam or dam break occurs.The building according to dam body
It builds parameter and the flow velocity that overflows, when unrestrained dam occurs in dam, determines that dam is to maintain and persistently overflow dam or dam break occur, it is specific to wrap
It includes, when unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, without departing from dam to the receiving energy for the flood that overflows
Power, then dam keeps persistently overflowing dam；When unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, exceed dam pair
It overflows the ability to bear of flood, then dam break occurs, generates flood due to dam-break.
Reservoir also can need downstream to sluice when operating normally because of power generation, irrigation, Flood Control Dispatch etc., call at this time normal
The stream calculation subprogram that goes out under state is simulated.Reservoir is under the conditions of meeting with storm flood, it may occur however that unrestrained top or dam break, at this time
Unrestrained dam/dam break calculation procedure is called to be simulated.
This system calculates unrestrained dam/dam break as a subprogram processing, the reason is that: 1) for reservoir engineering, overflow top
The major accident for not allowing to occur is belonged to dam break, is called " unrestrained dam/dam break " program that will return to a value, is shown this reservoir
Enter " abnormal condition "；2) the unrestrained top of earth and rockfill dam often has the process of a natural transition to dam break；3) concrete dam is unrestrained
Same function pattern can be used with the unrestrained top aerial drainage of earth and rockfill dam by pushing up aerial drainage, and need to only be set as material can not erosion.
Dam break analysis model built in this system is the unrestrained top accident tree model of earth and rockfill dam, is judged in the state of earth and rockfill dam
Behind unrestrained top, then model calculating is enabled.The model is based on broad crested weirs flow theory, can carry out to the overall process on unrestrained top to dam break
Simulation, calculates crevasse expansion process, dam break discharge process and Reservoir Water Level process.
The unrestrained top of earth and rockfill dam is one of the main reason for causing dam break, but is not sole cause.The reasons such as seepage failure, earthquake
It can also caused dam break.The application's focuses on, and proposes a kind of method, divides convenient for the routed problem of company to complicated dam system
Analysis.The dam break analysis on single dam is used as a called module in the present system, and the present invention does not limit using which kind of model, which kind of side
Formula goes to realize the dam break analysis on single dam.
The flow direction of flood always from upstream flow downstream, the dam of high-grade is flowed to from the dam of low classification.Due to flood
Have certain energy loss when propagation in river, therefore, flood peak along spreading in river channel certain distance, reach lower reservoir after,
Crest discharge can be reduced, and flood hydrograph can change.The advance of freshet analysis module refers to and calculates a certain water in upstream
The process for the flood that becomes a mandarin that dam is formed when going out the flood transmission flowed to lower reservoir.
There are many research of related advance of freshet analysis in open source literature, and essence is all the numerical value for inquiring into Saint-venant Equations
Solution calculates complex.Flood under flood due to dam-break and native state that dam break generates has dramatically different, is usually expressed as flood peak
Flow is very big, and the duration of flood is very short, and (Natural Floods last several days to tens days, and dam bursting flood often lasts dozens of minutes to several
A hour).Crest discharge when such as the Banqiao reservoir dam break of in August, 1975 is 7.8 ten thousand m3/ s, and during a storm flood
The maximum stream flow of your river natural river course is only 1.3 ten thousand m3/s.Have the characteristics that flood peak is big, it is short to last since dam break generates flood,
Flood is during the river evolution, and the form of flood hydrograph is basically unchanged, the abatement degree very little of crest discharge.Fig. 3 gives
The dam bursting flood evolution calculated result of Yunnan cattle pen river step reservoir is gone out, the section length between two step reservoirs is
85.9km.After flood has propagated 85.9km along river, peb process line morphology is basically unchanged, and crest discharge is only decayed
0.51%.In consideration of it, this program proposes to drill using simplified " distance-flood peak loss late-propagation time " model to carry out flood
Into calculating.Computational efficiency is remarkably improved using this simplified model, to Dam Break Problems, precision fully meets requirement.
What the prediction module, i.e., the dam system classification determined according to topological diversity module and data obtaining module obtained
Related calculating parameter successively calls the analysis module on single dam and advance of freshet analysis module to be calculated.Specific calling sequence is such as
Under:
For 1 grade of dam, calls the analysis module on single dam to be calculated, obtain the outflow process on 1 grade of dam；
According to the outflow process on 1 grade of dam and 1 grade of dam to the river parameter connected between 2 grades of dams downstream, flood is called to drill
Into analysis module, calculates 1 grade of dam and go out stream and cause becoming a mandarin for 2 grades of dams downstream；
For 2 grades of dams, calls the analysis module on single dam to be calculated, obtain the outflow process on 2 grades of dams；
According to the outflow process on 2 grades of dams and 2 grades of dams to the river parameter connected between 3 grades of dams downstream, flood is called to drill
Into analysis module, calculates 2 grades of dams and go out stream and cause becoming a mandarin for 3 grades of dams downstream；
For 3 grades of dams, calls the analysis module on single dam to be calculated, obtain the outflow process on 3 grades of dams；
……
And so on, until calculating the outflow process on dam system middle grade highest dam.
Hereinafter, introducing the flood due to dam-break analytic process for applying this system in conjunction with a small-sized example.
The sub-fraction of dam system shown in Fig. 2 is intercepted, a small-sized dam system is formed, wherein there are 44 dams, as shown in Figure 4.
Assuming that heavy rain occurs for full basin, in rainfall intensity 100mm/h, rainfall 3h, 14 dams overflow top in succession and burst.Fig. 5 gives 3
The outflow process of the typical dam that bursts of seat: wherein 32# dam is classified as 1, and dam bursting flood comes solely from the reservoir of itself
Library water, outflow process are in single peak type；33# dam is located at 32# dam downstream, bursts prior to 32# dam, and outflow process is in multimodal
Type, primary the bursting from the dam 33# itself of flood peak bigger twice, once from the transmitting of 32# dam breaking flood peak；
The dam 44# is classified as 8, and positioned at the most downstream in entire basin, dam break outflow process is in typical multimodal.
Whether the system of the embodiment of the present application, which can occur unrestrained top or be burst to any one dam in dam system, judges,
And the reservoir level of any dam (regardless of whether overflow or burst), outflow change procedure can be obtained, it can to the dam to burst
It provides beginning dam break moment, dam break crest discharge and flood peak and goes out parameter necessary to the emergency responses such as current moment.
The application provides a kind of flood due to dam-break analysis method of dam system simultaneously, as shown in fig. 6, Fig. 6 is provided by the present application
The flood due to dam-break analysis method schematic diagram of dam system.
S101 is data obtaining module.Read in the topology information of dam system and the parameter information on every dam.The topology letter of dam system
Form input can be used in breath, and there are two types of input modes, and one is to every dam, give the dam that its upstream is directly connected
Quantity and number；Another kind is to give the number on the dam being directly connected downstream to every dam.The parameter letter on every dam
Breath includes the geometric parameter of dam body, storage-capacity curve parameter, section runoff calculating parameter, the erosion-resisting characteristics of dam body materials ginseng
Several, current reservoir level etc..Data form can be used to directly enter, it can also be by being obtained in other information system software.
The topological analysis of S102 unit.According to the dam system topology information of input, the space topological of dam system is analyzed, really
The classification on fixed each dam.
S103 analyzes single seat dam.Becoming a mandarin, going out stream, water level, storage capacity etc. and carry out time-domain integration and divide to each dam
Entire analysis time domain, i.e., be decomposed into several small periods by analysis, is successively carried out within each period: 1) being dropped according to section basin
Rainfall, which calculates, produces confluence amount；2) superposition upper pond water calculates this reservoir reservoir inflow；3) reservoir level meter is originated according to the period
Storage outflow is calculated, normality outflow is calculated if not judging that reservoir overflows top/dam break, has judged that reservoir overflows top/dam break and then calculates
Unrestrained top or crevasse outflow；4) storage capacity variable quantity is calculated according to storage-outbound water difference；5) changed according to storage capacity and calculate water level change
Change；6) judged whether that unrestrained top/dam break occurs according to the relationship of water level and crest elevation；7) to the dam for being judged as unrestrained top/dam break
Calculate the variable quantity of crevasse size.
Step S104, according to the advance of freshet model pre-established, calculate bottom grade dam goes out stream, evolves to downstream height
The process that becomes a mandarin formed behind grade dam.
According to the sequence of the classification on dam from low to high, invocation step S103 and S104 are circuited sequentially, it is entire until calculating
Until the dam of dam system highest level or the outflow process of section.
Step S105, the storage outflow process on every dam of output, crest discharge, flood peak go out the meter such as current moment, crevasse size
Calculate result.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore guarantor of the invention
Shield range should be subject to the range that the claims in the present invention are defined.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system characterized by comprising the topological analysis module of dam system, data collection mould
Block, the analysis module of single dam, advance of freshet analysis module and prediction module；
The topological analysis module of the dam system is used to determine point of dam in dam system according to the topological structure and classification rule of dam system
Grade；
The data collection module is used to collect the information of dam in dam system, comprising: the architectural modulus data of dam body, dam are direct
The storage-capacity curve of control catchment range, rainfall and dam；
The analysis module of the single dam, for according to reservoir inflow, storage outflow, dam storage capacity, establish the water of dam
Bit model, the water level model are used for the variation of real-time monitoring dam water level；According to the water level model of dam and the building of dam body
Supplemental characteristic determines that the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam, the unrestrained state model of bursting are real-time for exporting according to the water level model
Water level determines the unrestrained state of bursting of dam；
The advance of freshet analysis module, for analyzing flood from the low process for being classified dam and flowing to high-grade dam, according to low
The outflow for being classified dam calculates the inbound traffics of high-grade dam downstream；
The prediction module, for the output according to the advance of freshet analysis module and the analysis module of single dam, in advance
Flood is surveyed in evolution process, if dam bursts, predicts whether that will cause downstream water dam-break and prediction downstream bursts
Certainly the water dam-break time, flood due to dam-break crest discharge.
2. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the topological analysis mould of the dam system
Block is used to determine the classification of dam in dam system according to the topological structure and classification rule of dam system, refers to, by the dam root in dam system
After forming topological structure according to spatial relationship, the dam in topological structure is classified according to the classification rule of dam system.
3. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the classification rule of the dam system,
Specifically: obtain the classification for the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam；If current dam upstream is again without dam, current water
Dam is classified as 1；If the maximum for the upstream dam being directly connected to current dam is classified as N, current dam is classified as N+1.
4. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that according to classification rule, successively
First the dam of inferior grade is analyzed, high-grade dam is analyzed again, to guarantee to any one dam in dam system
When analysis, the amount of water to be discharged of all dams in upstream is known.
5. according to claim 1 or dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the dam system
Classification rule further include:
The network of waterways is decomposed into several sections to carry out hierarchical description, a part of the network of waterways in source as 1 grade of dam section basin,
The starting point of remaining section, terminal are dam, and the number of section and classification are equal to the classification of its starting point dam.
6. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: when opening up in dam system
It flutters structure or when dam quantity changes, the topological analysis module of dam system is according to the classification rule of dam system again to dam system topology
Dam in structure is classified.
7. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data collection module is used
In the architectural modulus data for obtaining dam body in dam system, specific architectural modulus includes: that height of dam, the axis of dam are long, dam material anti-
Punching performance parameter, discharge structure performance parameter.
8. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the storage-capacity curve of the dam,
Refer to the water level of dam and the relation curve of storage capacity.
9. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include, the storage capacity of dam
Variation is obtained by the reservoir inflow of identical period dam and the difference of storage outflow.
10. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reservoir inflow, including water
The flow that the aerial drainage of production confluence and upstream dam in dam control interval basin perimeter generates.
11. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that in the dam basin perimeter
Production confluence, refer to, dam directly controls rainfall in basin perimeter and deducts the flow that the net rainfall generated after loss flows into reservoir.
12. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water level model of the dam,
It obtains in the following way:
The storage capacity variation of dam subtracts the sum of storage outflow equal to the sum of described reservoir inflow in a period of time；Wherein, water level becomes
Change to be changed according to storage capacity from the storage-capacity curve and inquires to obtain.
13. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water level according to dam
The architectural modulus of model and dam body determines the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam, comprising: if the water level of dam is more than dam crest height, out
Now overflow dam；According to the architectural modulus of dam body and the flow velocity that overflows, when there is unrestrained dam in dam, determine dam be to maintain persistently overflow dam or
It is that dam break occurs.
14. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the building according to dam body
Parameter and the flow velocity that overflows determine that dam is to maintain and persistently overflow dam or dam break occur, specifically include when unrestrained dam occurs in dam,
When unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, without departing from dam to the receiving energy for the flood that overflows
Power, then dam keeps persistently overflowing dam；When unrestrained dam occurs in dam, if the architectural modulus of dam and the flow velocity that overflows, exceed dam pair
It overflows the ability to bear of flood, then dam break occurs, generates flood due to dam-break.
15. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the prediction module is specific to use
In the sequence according to classification from low to high, successively dam one by one and section are analyzed, according to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of every dam
Process, predicts whether it at a time can overflow or burst, and if it happens, then provides at the time of overflow or burst, and
Carry out dam break calculating.
16. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the prediction module is also used
In bursting in dam system if any dam, then flood due to dam-break process is included in becoming a mandarin for lower reservoir, to realize to entire dam system
Company burst analysis.
17. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that in the dam system, if a certain
Dam bursts, then at the time of obtaining the dam and burst.
18. dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the prediction module is also used to
If a certain water dam-break occurs for prediction, the Variations in Flow Changes of the dam bursting flood of the dam is further obtained, reservoir level becomes
Change and crevasse change in size process, according to the Variations in Flow Changes of dam bursting flood determine that dam break crest discharge and flood peak occur when
It carves.
19. a kind of analysis method of dam system flood due to dam-break, is suitable for the dam system flood due to dam-break analysis system, the dam system bursts
Flood risk analysis system, comprising: data collection module, the topological analysis module of dam system, the analysis module of single dam, advance of freshet
Analysis module, prediction module characterized by comprising
The classification of every dam in dam system is determined according to the topological structure of dam system and classification rule；
The information of dam, storage-capacity curve model parameter, the dam body for obtaining dam are several in the dam system collected according to data collection module
The section drainage area and section basin that the calculating parameter, dam break calculating parameter of aerial drainage, every dam control under what parameter, normality
Runoff calculation parameter of area etc.；
According to the reservoir inflow, storage outflow, storage capacity of dam, establish the water level model of dam, according to the water level model of dam and
The architectural modulus of dam body determines the unrestrained state model of bursting of dam；The unrestrained state model of bursting is used to be exported according to the water level model
Real time water level, determine the unrestrained state of bursting of dam；
It bursts and overflows such as reservoir, according to pre-set normality vent flow computation model, carry out going out stream calculation under normality；If
Reservoir overflows dam, according to pre-set unrestrained dam dam break computation model, carry out unrestrained top or crevasse goes out stream calculation；
According to the advance of freshet model pre-established, predicts that upstream dam sluices and cause the reservoir inflow of downstream dam, in dam system
It is straight to be superimposed with its its all upstream equal to the runoff yield of the section drainage area of its control for the reservoir inflow of any one dam
Connect the reservoir inflow of this dam caused by the letdown flow on connected dam.
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| CN112749475A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-05-04 | 中国电力建设股份有限公司 | Analysis method for determining continuous dam break risk of cascade reservoir group |
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| CN113297753A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-24 | 四川大学 | Method for predicting water depth of permeable dam along path in mountainous area river |
| CN113705127A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 北京国信安科技术有限公司 | Dam break risk prediction and emergency response method and device for tailing pond and electronic equipment |
| CN116663223A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-08-29 | 北方工业大学 | Dam break flood evolution prediction method based on wave breaking principle |
| CN116663223B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2024-05-03 | 北方工业大学 | Dam break flood evolution prediction method based on wave breaking principle |
| CN116911215A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江远算科技有限公司 | Dam break flood simulation method and system based on reservoir flood regulation coupling hydrodynamic force |
| CN116911215B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-12-08 | 浙江远算科技有限公司 | Dam break flood simulation method and system based on reservoir flood regulation coupling hydrodynamic force |
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