CN201247085Y - Dome contrast hydrology runoff field - Google Patents
Dome contrast hydrology runoff field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201247085Y CN201247085Y CNU2008200151406U CN200820015140U CN201247085Y CN 201247085 Y CN201247085 Y CN 201247085Y CN U2008200151406 U CNU2008200151406 U CN U2008200151406U CN 200820015140 U CN200820015140 U CN 200820015140U CN 201247085 Y CN201247085 Y CN 201247085Y
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- forest land
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- domatic
- hydrology
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a slope comparison hydrology runoff field, wherein waterproof walls are arranged on the periphery of a first forest land, a second forest land and a third forest land which have same altitude, same rainfall, same slope, same area and similar forest types and are connected in parallel and neighboring demarcation positions in a surrounding mode, confluence slots are arranged on slope bottom positions of each forest land along cement walls and are connected with rectangular slots which are arranged outside the forest lands through water outlets, parshall flumes and infrared flow measurement apparatus are arranged in the rectangular slots, a detecting signal of the infrared flow measurement apparatus is connected with a monitoring computer through a data processor, recording rain gauges are respectively installed on four angles of the whole forest land, forests in the first forest land, the second forest land and the third forest land are processed, namely, the original forest covering state of the first forest land is preserved, the second forest land is selectively cut for 20 to 40%, and the third forest land is cut for 60 to 80%. Runoff of same rainfall can be measured through the slope comparison hydrology runoff field, which provides forcible evaluation and viewpoints for judging whether the cutting degree of forests is rational or not, and the influence of different vegetation types and forest land structures to rain water distribution and radial flow components is discovered, which provides scientific proof for water resource changing predication and ecological regulation decision-making.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the technology that is used to measure hydrology runoff in a kind of plant ecology field, specifically a kind of domatic contrast hydrology runoff field.
Background technology
Consider that from the angle of maintaining ecological balance the hydrology effect of forest is very important, it can be regulated to a certain extent and delay flood, subdues flood peak, reduces flood frequency and peak value, thereby alleviates big flood; Otherwise incorrect opening up forest then can make the flood peak frequency increase, and crest discharge increases, and easily causes the generation of flood.Thereby forest should the guarantor should not cut down, but forest is as a kind of important resource, and it can be the mankind timber, forestry products and the energy are provided, and reasonably development and use will bring huge economic and social benefit for the mankind.Particularly at some primitive areas, the one-tenth overmature forest that is fit to fell accounts for suitable ratio, and the increase in standing timber greatly goes down, and the self-mortality that has equates with the self-sow rate that almost therefore, these regional forest reserves more should in time develop.The orest management measure is very big to the influence of flood, takes which type of style of cutting very crucial.Summer in 1998 for example, serious flood has taken place in the Yangtze river basin and Song Hua River, basin, Nenjiang, one of the main reasons is falling sharply and the ecological disruption of soil erosion based on forest cover of causing of mankind's activity, has caused the hydrology of forest ecosystem, meteorological hypofunction.So, how just can accomplish and effectively to utilize the forest reserves to promote the well-being of mankind, the harm that can avoid unreasonable felling to cause again? from the angle of macroscopic view, be the problem of continuous utilization and the sustainable development of forest.
It is relevant with rainfall amount that run-off removes, and also is subjected to run-off and the influence of soil water storage ability in early stage.The rainfall in dry season is mainly absorbed by soil and vegetation, and light rain can not exert an influence to the supply at water source, basin, and runoff is not had contribution.Rainfall amount and rainfall intensity are the important factors that influences runoff.Rainwash lasts generally shorter, and run-off rises to fall suddenly suddenly.Twice rain time then is the key of runoff after keeping heavy rain at interval, the short at interval flood peak for the second time that then can take place, and the interval is long then can not to stop disappearing of peak runoff.And at present can effectively whether reasonable by the detection of hydrology runoff is estimated the felling of forest, be very strong and necessary.For domatic contrast hydrology runoff field is domestic report arranged once, but from being designed into purpose, all the difference that requires with scientific research is bigger, have plenty of single crop type, have plenty of slash after the clear felling, also having plenty of does not only have woods but also do not have any vegetation, does not possess the contrast condition of scientific experiment research basically.
The utility model content
At above shortcomings part in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of domatic contrast hydrology of hydrology runoff runoff field that is used to measure.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
The utility model is at same height above sea level, same rainfall amount, the same gradient, enclose water [proof with three parallel connections and similar the 1st～3 forest land periphery and the adjacent boundary of crop type of area, prolong cement wall in the position, the sloping end in every forest land and be provided with collecting tray, link to each other with square type groove outside being located at the forest land through water delivering orifice, establish Bashel groove and infrared flow measurement instrument in the square type groove, the detection signal of infrared flow measurement instrument is connected to monitoring computer through data processor; On four angles in monoblock forest land, pluviograph is installed respectively; Forest in the 1st～3 forest land is handled, and is respectively that the 1st forest land keeps original forest cover state, the 2nd forest land cuts 20～40% selectively, the 3rd forest land selective cutting 60～80%.
Described water [proof is made up of reinforced concrete structure and antiseepage cloth, and the antiseepage cloth that water [proof connects extends perpendicularly to lithosphere, apart from 2～3 meters of ground surfaces; Part around described water [proof is located at is domatic outside monocline face, and middle partition part is domatic to be the pinnacle double inclined plane; Described water delivering orifice is located at the centre position at each end, slope, forest land; Described square type groove is made up of reinforced concrete structure; The identical rectangle of described the 1st～3 forest land specification, wherein length is 200～400m, wide is 100～200m; The described gradient is 2～40 degree.
The utlity model has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1. can measure runoff by the utility model, inquire into the influence degree of which kind of mode rainfall-runoff process theoretically, the strong evaluation and the viewpoint that whether rationally provide for felling degree forest to the basin with rainfall amount.
2. analyze by the basin historical summary, the ecological observation of forest and non-forest watershed hydrologic survey, forest runoff field contrast test and forest cover, verify water balance and dynamic mechanism in mountain region vegetation-soil-atmosphere, disclose the influence of different vegetation types and forest land structure, propose the quantitative effect relation of forest flood, low water and runoff volume to rainwater distribution, runoff composition.The selective analysis basin is to the mechanism of action of forest hydrology effect, solve the controlling element computational problem of forest hydrology simulation, develop the forest watershed hydrological distribution model that can reach realistic scale, utilize this model analysis to estimate forest decay and the influence of ecological construction to the basin hydrological environment, making a strategic decision for water resource variation prediction and ecological regulation and control provides scientific basis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 A, 2B are respectively monocline face water [proof sectional view and double inclined plane water [proof sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the rectangular channel sectional view.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of the utility model is at same height above sea level, same rainfall amount, the same gradient, three walk abreast adjacency and the 1st～3 similar forest lands 1～3 of crop type with area, wherein every forest land length is 200～400m, wide is 100～200m, the parallel length overall in three forest lands is 300m in the present embodiment, wide is 200m, the 1st～3 forest land 1～3 periphery and adjacent boundary enclose water [proof, prolong cement wall in the position, the sloping end in every forest land and be provided with collecting tray 5, link to each other with the square type groove of forming by reinforced concrete structure 14 outside being located at the forest land through water delivering orifice, establish Bashel groove 6 and infrared flow measurement instrument 7 in the square type groove 14, the detection signal of infrared flow measurement instrument 7 is connected to monitoring computer 9 through data processor 8; Totally 4 of pluviographs 10 are installed on respectively on four angles in monoblock forest land; Forest in the 1st～3 forest land 1～3 is handled, be respectively that the 1st forest land 1 keeps original forest cover state, the 2nd forest land 2 cuts 20～40% selectively, present embodiment is 30%, 3 selective cutting 60～80% of the 3rd forest land, present embodiment is 60%, and the 1st～3 forest land 1～3 with said structure has formed the 1st～3 runoff field.The described gradient is 2～40 degree, and present embodiment adopts 30 degree.
Water [proof is made up of reinforced concrete structure and antiseepage cloth that cement, sand, brick and reinforcing bar are split into, and the antiseepage cloth 13 that water [proof connects extends perpendicularly to lithosphere, is higher than 2～3 meters on the face of land.Part around water [proof is located at is domatic outside monocline face 11, and middle partition part is domatic to be pinnacle double inclined plane 12.
Water delivering orifice is located at the centre position at each end, slope, forest land; Square type groove 14 also is a reinforced concrete structure;
When rainfall-runoff, because the effect of monocline face water [proof (shown in Fig. 2 A), double inclined plane water [proof (shown in Fig. 2 B) and antiseepage cloth (as shown in Figure 3) is arranged, rainfall-runoff can only flow out outside the runoff field through water delivering orifice, square type groove 14, Bashel groove 6 then along overland flow to the slope collecting tray 5 at the end.When runoff process Bashel groove 6, infrared flow measurement instrument 7 imports measuring-signal into monitoring computer 9 through data processor 8 and carries out data processing, analysis, obtains net result.
Claims (7)
1. domatic contrast hydrology runoff field, it is characterized in that: at same height above sea level, same rainfall amount, the same gradient, enclose water [proof with three parallel connections and similar the 1st～3 forest land (1～3) periphery and the adjacent boundary of crop type of area, prolong cement wall in the position, the sloping end in every forest land and be provided with collecting tray (5), link to each other with square type groove (14) outside being located at the forest land through water delivering orifice, establish Bashel groove (6) and infrared flow measurement instrument (7) in the square type groove (14), the detection signal of infrared flow measurement instrument (7) is connected to monitoring computer (9) through data processor (8); On four angles in monoblock forest land, pluviograph (10) is installed respectively; Forest in the 1st～3 forest land (1～3) is handled, and is respectively that the 1st forest land (1) keeps original forest cover state, the 2nd forest land (2) cut the 20～40%, the 3rd forest land (3) selective cutting 60～80% selectively.
2. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water [proof is made up of reinforced concrete structure and antiseepage cloth, and the antiseepage cloth (13) that water [proof connects extends perpendicularly to lithosphere, apart from 2～3 meters of ground surfaces.
3. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the part around described water [proof is located at is domatic outside monocline face (11), and middle partition part is domatic to be pinnacle double inclined plane (12).
4. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water delivering orifice is located at the centre position at each end, slope, forest land.
5. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described square type groove (14) is made up of reinforced concrete structure.
6. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the identical rectangle of described the 1st～3 forest land (1～3) specification, wherein length is 200～400m, wide is 100～200m.
7. by the described domatic contrast hydrology runoff field of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described gradient is 2～40 degree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200151406U CN201247085Y (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2008-08-20 | Dome contrast hydrology runoff field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200151406U CN201247085Y (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2008-08-20 | Dome contrast hydrology runoff field |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201247085Y true CN201247085Y (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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| CNU2008200151406U Expired - Fee Related CN201247085Y (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2008-08-20 | Dome contrast hydrology runoff field |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102011373A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-13 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Construction of observation area for researches on development process of gully |
| CN102401825A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-04-04 | 华北电力大学 | Integrated slope runoff simulation and monitoring device |
| CN101713771B (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2012-11-14 | 浙江大学 | Construction method of sloping surface runoff field |
| CN104062418A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for establishing water balance field for observing water and soil loss in shallow mountainous area of Qilian Mountain |
| CN104535295A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| US11206771B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2021-12-28 | Nec Corporation | Vegetation effect calculation device, vegetation effect calculation system, and storage medium storing vegetation effect calculation program |
-
2008
- 2008-08-20 CN CNU2008200151406U patent/CN201247085Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101713771B (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2012-11-14 | 浙江大学 | Construction method of sloping surface runoff field |
| CN102011373A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-13 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Construction of observation area for researches on development process of gully |
| CN102011373B (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-11-02 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Construction of observation area for researches on development process of gully |
| CN102401825A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-04-04 | 华北电力大学 | Integrated slope runoff simulation and monitoring device |
| CN102401825B (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2014-06-18 | 华北电力大学 | Integrated slope runoff simulation and monitoring device |
| CN104062418A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Method for establishing water balance field for observing water and soil loss in shallow mountainous area of Qilian Mountain |
| CN104535295A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| CN104535295B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-02-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| US11206771B2 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2021-12-28 | Nec Corporation | Vegetation effect calculation device, vegetation effect calculation system, and storage medium storing vegetation effect calculation program |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090527 Termination date: 20090921 |