CN102011373B

CN102011373B - Construction of observation area for researches on development process of gully

Info

Publication number: CN102011373B
Application number: CN2010105154737A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘刚才; 南岭; 陈安强
Original assignee: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment IMHE of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment IMHE of CAS
Priority date: 2010-10-22
Filing date: 2010-10-22
Publication date: 2011-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-22
Also published as: CN102011373A

Abstract

The invention discloses the construction of an observation area for researches on the development process of a gully, which belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring. The construction consists of a water storage tank, an area, a water-sediment collecting tank, a water-sediment diversion trench and an observation pool which are all brick masonries sequentially connected, wherein the water storage tank is arranged from the top down along a sloping surface; the area contains soil to be researched; the water storage tank is cuboidal and enclosed by wall bodies, and shares one wall body with the left broadside of the area; a water inlet pipe is arranged above the water storage tank which is provided with a valve; the front part of the water inlet pipe is extended to the bottom of the water storage tank; the water-sediment collecting tank is cuboidal and enclosed by the wall bodies, and shares one wall body with the right broadside of the area; the initial height of the shared brick cavity wall body is slightly less than the height of the wall body on the long side of the area; the bottom surface of the water-sediment diversion trench is an inclined surface; a water outlet of the water-sediment diversion trench is communicated with a water inlet on the upper part of the observation pool; a drain pipe is arranged on the lower part of the observation pool; and the valve is arranged on the drain pipe. The construction of the observation area has a simple structure, is simple and convenient to operate and can quickly and accurately determine the development process of the gully.

Description

A kind of observation subdistrict structure of studying the coombe growth course

Technical field

The technology of the present invention relates to environmental monitoring technology, particularly relates to a kind of observation subdistrict structure of research coombe growth course, is used for the growth course rule of modeling effort coombe.

Background technology

Ravinement is a kind of main erosion.According to United States Department of Agriculture's investigation, the rill erosion amount accounts for the 18-73%(average out to 35% of total amount of erosion); The rill erosion situation of analysis and summary countries in the world man, rill erosion amount account for the 10-94%(average out to 44% that corrodes total amount); In gully, the hills district in China loess plateau, area has 21.76 ten thousand km ², the rill erosion amount accounts for the 60-90% that corrodes total amount.Therefore, the research ravinement content that is absolutely necessary, wherein, the coombe growth course is an important content.

At present, research coombe growth course adopts methods such as remote sensing image, photography and artificial on-the-spot location to carry out usually, these methods are by relatively the image of different times or the situation of change of photo or position location are determined, there are 2 significantly deficiencies: be to need the long period to obtain usually 1), 2) be that the accuracy as a result that obtains is relatively poor, particularly the information of growth course does not almost have.Therefore, the method that needs a kind of energy of invention rapid and accurate determination coombe growth course.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the technology of the present invention provides a kind of simple in structure, and operation, maintenance a kind of observation subdistrict convenient, that can measure coombe growth course rule fast and are accurately constructed.

The purpose of the technology of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of observation subdistrict structure of studying coombe growth course rule, connected to form in turn by the husky feeder of sub-district, water of waiting to study soil along domatic aqua storage tank, the splendid attire of arranging from the top down, the husky diversion trench of water and observation Chi Wuzhe, five are brick setting; The sub-district is long 20 meters, wide 5 meters, dark 1 meter cuboid, by body of wall surround form, the degree of tilt of bottom surface, sub-district on water (flow) direction is 10 degree; Aqua storage tank is surrounded by body of wall and becomes cuboid, and in the shared body of wall of sub-district left side broadside, this shared body of wall end face is " V " font, and there is a water inlet pipe aqua storage tank top, and valve is installed on the water inlet pipe, and the aqua storage tank bottom is stretched in the water inlet pipe front portion; The husky feeder of water is that body of wall surrounds and forms cuboid, and with the shared body of wall of the right side broadside of sub-district, this body of wall reduces the hollow brick wall of successively withdrawing from for being used as in experimentation with coombe ditch tail height, and the starting altitude of this hollow brick wall is a little less than zone leader's abutment wall height degree; The bottom surface of the husky diversion trench of water is a dip plane, and the water delivering orifice of the husky diversion trench of water is communicated with the water inlet on observation top, pond, and the observation pool volume is 2 cubic metres, and sky is of a size of long 2 meters, wide 1 meter, dark 1 meter in it; Observation bottom, pond is provided with a drainpipe, and valve is housed on the drainpipe.

All the width with the sub-district is identical for the length of above-mentioned aqua storage tank and the husky feeder of water.

Above-mentioned water inlet pipe is arranged on the aqua storage tank upper center.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, rapidity, accuracy and integrality: the observation subdistrict of this method design, after containing the soil that to study in the sub-district by original feature, water is introduced in the aqua storage tank of upper end, sub-district, allowed water overflow the soil that washes away the sub-district naturally, can continuous system observe the growth overall process of coombe exactly.

2, this apparatus structure is simple, and Operation and Maintenance is convenient: apparatus of the present invention are simple, do not need artificial or natural precipitation, and are easy to operate.

3, satisfy many demand properties: the aqua storage tank of upper end, sub-district of the present invention, diversion flow size can be according to the needs setting of research, and flow is changeable, has satisfied the different demands of research.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vertical view of observation subdistrict of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line.

Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of Fig. 2 along the B-B line.

Embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 illustrate, and the present invention is connected to form in turn by the husky feeder 3 of sub-district 1, water of waiting to study soil along domatic aqua storage tank 2, the splendid attire of arranging from the top down, the husky diversion trench 4 of water and observation pond 5 five, and five are brick setting; Sub-district 1 is long 20 meters, wide 5 meters, dark 1 meter cuboid, by body of wall surround form, the degree of tilt of bottom surface, sub-district on water (flow) direction is 10 degree; Aqua storage tank is surrounded by body of wall and becomes cuboid, and in the shared body of wall of sub-district left side broadside, this shared body of wall 2b end face is " V " font, and there is a water inlet pipe 7 the aqua storage tank top, and valve is installed on the water inlet pipe, and the aqua storage tank bottom is stretched in the water inlet pipe front portion; The husky feeder 3 of water forms cuboid for body of wall surrounds, and with the shared body of wall of the right side broadside of sub-district 1, this body of wall reduces the hollow brick wall 1a that successively withdraws from for being used as in experimentation with coombe ditch tail height, and the starting altitude of this hollow brick wall 1a is a little less than sub-district 1 long abutment wall height degree; The bottom surface of the husky diversion trench 4 of water is a dip plane, so that water is mobile naturally, the water delivering orifice of the husky diversion trench of water is communicated with the water inlet on observation 5 tops, pond, and the observation pool volume is 2 cubic metres, and sky is of a size of 2 meters, wide 1 meter, dark 1 meter of length in it; Observation bottom, pond is provided with a drainpipe 6, and valve is housed on the drainpipe.All the width with sub-district 1 is identical for the length of aqua storage tank 2 and the husky feeder 3 of water.Water inlet pipe 7 is arranged on aqua storage tank 2 upper center.

The earth containing quantity of the husky containing quantity of the water in observation pond (2 cubic metres of volumes) and sub-district (1 cubic metre of volume) is certain value, and flowmeter can be installed on the water inlet pipe of aqua storage tank measure, thus can be by predetermined inflow and flow of inlet water water inlet.

When the observation subdistrict that the present invention studies the coombe growth course is built, remove the soil layer that will build the plot, sub-district in advance, removing soil layer is 1 meter deeply, and the face of land surface gradient of exposure evenly (can be determined according to the research needs, be generally about 10 degree), formally build the sub-district again.

The sub-district is a rectangular parallelepiped, and length is 20 meters, and wide is 5 meters, is 1 meter (volume is 100 cubic metres) deeply, is with the floating partition wall of brick sand-cement slurry all around, and crop out 20 cm are dark in the partition wall embedding, and the partition wall height is 1 meter, and wide is 0.24 meter.

Build aqua storage tank on the partition wall of upper end, slope, sub-district, 0.2 meter of groove inner width, length are 5 meters, the wall in this groove outside (top, slope) is high 0.4 meter, the wall of inboard (below, slope) is low to moderate 0.3 meter in the middle of being, is slow " V " font, so that the discharge maximum of the water of tank in the middle of when overflowing.

Referring to Fig. 3, shared body of wall 2b end face is " V " font, and the height of its highest point is lower than the height of the external wall 2a of aqua storage tank.

Sub-district slope lower end partition wall (being hollow brick wall) is built into hollow brick, so that deletion (height with coombe ditch tail reduces the wall height) in the future, the husky feeder of outer water receiving, 0.8 meter of groove width, the wall height of the groove outside and both sides is 0.4 meter, the side wall of groove is 0.12 meter wide, prevent and treat seepage with the bottom surface with cement mortar screeding, the husky diversion trench of the middle water receiving of groove, the husky diversion trench both walls of water height still is 0.4 meter, the bottom surface is a dip plane, the husky observation of the husky groove water receiving of water guide pond, the observation pond is a rectangular parallelepiped, is the floating wall of brick sand-cement slurry all around, dark 1 meter of pond, long 2 meters, wide 1 meter, the bottom surface cement mortar screeding, installation diameter in bottom, pond is 7.5 centimetres a drainpipe, and valve switch is housed on the drainpipe.

Claims

1. an observation subdistrict of studying the coombe growth course is constructed, it is characterized in that: by connecting to form in turn along the aqua storage tank (2) of domatic layout from the top down, the husky feeder (3) of sub-district (1), water, the husky diversion trench (4) of water and the observation pond (5) five that splendid attire waits to study soil, above-mentioned five are brick setting; Sub-district (1) is long 20 meters, wide 5 meters, dark 1 meter cuboid, by body of wall surround form, the degree of tilt of bottom surface, sub-district on water (flow) direction is 10 degree; Aqua storage tank is surrounded by body of wall and becomes cuboid, and in the shared body of wall of sub-district left side broadside, this shared body of wall (2b) end face is " V " font, and there is a water inlet pipe (7) the aqua storage tank top, valve is installed on the water inlet pipe, and the aqua storage tank bottom is stretched in the water inlet pipe front portion; The husky feeder of water (3) forms cuboid for body of wall surrounds, and with the shared body of wall of the right side broadside of sub-district (1), this body of wall reduces the hollow brick wall of successively withdrawing from (1a) for being used as in experimentation with coombe ditch tail height, and the starting altitude of this hollow brick wall (1a) is a little less than sub-district (1) long abutment wall height degree; The bottom surface of the husky diversion trench of water (4) is a dip plane, and the water delivering orifice of the husky diversion trench of water is communicated with the water inlet on observation top, pond (5), and the observation pool volume is 2 cubic metres, and sky is of a size of long 2 meters, wide 1 meter, dark 1 meter in it; Observation bottom, pond is provided with a drainpipe (6), and valve is housed on the drainpipe.

2. according to the described a kind of observation subdistrict structure of studying the coombe growth course of claim 1, it is characterized in that: all the width with sub-district (1) is identical for the length of described aqua storage tank (2) and the husky feeder of water (3).

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of observation subdistrict structures of studying the coombe growth course, it is characterized in that: described water inlet pipe (7) is arranged on aqua storage tank (2) upper center.