CN104819925A - Comprehensive test equipment for observing permeation and settlement of accumulated gravel soil - Google Patents
Comprehensive test equipment for observing permeation and settlement of accumulated gravel soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104819925A CN104819925A CN201510257444.8A CN201510257444A CN104819925A CN 104819925 A CN104819925 A CN 104819925A CN 201510257444 A CN201510257444 A CN 201510257444A CN 104819925 A CN104819925 A CN 104819925A
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Abstract
The invention discloses comprehensive test equipment for observing permeation and settlement of accumulated gravel soil. The test equipment comprises a permeation and settlement integrated generation observation system and a constant pressure circulating water supply system. The equipment disclosed by the invention has the following technical effects that 1, artificial rainfall is simulated, and the moisture infiltration condition of unsaturated gravel soil under different rainfall intensities is directly observed; 2, the settlement deformation of the soil body in a natural state and under the simulated rainfall condition can be measured; 3, because the equipment is large in overall size, the grading features of the natural soil can be remained to the greatest degree, and a size effect is weakened; and 4, the equipment is accurate in testing, easy to operate and economical in construction cost, the overall structure is subjected to modular combination, and function extension is conveniently realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of observation infiltration sedimentation test complex.
Background technology
The instrument of current domestic conventional indoor measurement soil stone body infiltration coefficient is TST-70 type permeameter.Earthwork test rule People's Republic of China (PRC) industry standard writes group .SL237-1999 earthwork test rule [S]. Beijing: Chinese Water Conservancy water power publishing house, 1999. regulation, in order to reduce size effect, cylinder permeameter internal diameter should be greater than 10 times of sample maximum particle diameter.The Qiu Xiande such as Qiu Xiande, Yan Zongling, Liu Li, etc. rockfill grain diameter characteristic is on its infiltrative impact. and [J]. rock-soil mechanics, 2004,25 (6): 950-954. require that the diameter of simulation sample should not be less than 5 ~ 6 times of test portion maximum gauge.Zhu Zhu Guosheng state wins, Zhang Jiafa, Chen Jingsong, Deng. wide grating coarse-grained soil permeability test size effect and wall effect research. [J]. rock-soil mechanics, 2012,33 (9): the 2569-2574. size effect rules that have studied Coarse Aggregate permeability test, show that the ratio of permeameter diameter and test material d85 should not be less than the conclusion of 6.Be generally 60mm ~ 80mm owing to piling up gravelly soil the largest particles particle diameter, and TST-70 permeameter water drum specification is only 100mm × 400mm, its specification is less, and size effect is remarkable, thus cause cannot the infiltration coefficient of objective and accurate reflection rubble flow soil stone body.Measure according to triaxial osmocope, in view of its cost is high, complicated operation, operating personnel are required high, thus be also not suitable for promoting.In addition, said determination instrument is mainly metal cylinder, its structure function is single, only supply water by geneva bottle and test the saturation permeability coefficient of the soil body, rainmaking can not be simulated, and observe the Infiltration process of unsaturation gravelly soil under different raininess, more cannot measure the sedimentation and deformation of native stone body in rain infiltration process.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one and can simulate rainmaking, the Infiltration process of observation unsaturation gravelly soil under different raininess is with sedimentation and deformation and can measure the test complex of the saturation permeability coefficient of gravelly soil, which overcomes the problems referred to above of existing permeameter existence.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of observation piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, comprise infiltration sedimentation and recording geometry and constant voltage circulating water supply system comprehensively occur, comprehensively there is recording geometry and comprise bracing frame 14 in described infiltration sedimentation, bracing frame is equipped with cylinder, cylinder is that transparent material is made, at the upper cover of cylinder, electronic digital indicator is housed, vaporific precipitation shower nozzle is housed inside cylinder upper cover, mobile porous permeable plate is housed within the barrel, the upper end of sedimentation bar is connected with electronic digital indicator depth measurement degree bottom, lower end is connected with mobile porous permeable plate is vertical, in cylinder, fixing porous permeable plate is equipped with in bottom, weepage holes is had in the bottom of cylinder, weepage holes is connected with seepage flow and regulates flexible pipe, cylinder is provided with diameter run-down pipe, and piezometric tube valve, piezometric tube valve connects piezometric tube, mark graduated measurement bay other being equipped with of cylinder, measurement bay is equipped with slide block, at slide block, graduated cylinder is housed, in graduated cylinder, be provided with thermometer, seepage flow regulates the endpiece of flexible pipe to be located on slide block, the water inlet pipe of vaporific precipitation shower nozzle connects constant voltage circulating water supply system, and described constant voltage circulating water supply system comprises constant pressure water supply pump, and the feed pipe of constant pressure water supply pump connects supply tank, and constant pressure water supply pumps water end (W.E.) and taps into water pipe and return pipe, and return pipe connects supply tank.
Barrel bore 300 ~ 500mm, height 950mm, thick 10mm.
The minimum precision of electronic digital indicator is 0.01mm.
The aperture design of mobile porous permeable plate is 2mm, and downside is provided with 300 object filter clothes.
It is 740mm place that run-down pipe is located at cylinder heights, and diameter is 10mm.
At 200mm ~ 500mm At The Height of cylinder, settle 4 piezometric tube valves respectively every 100mm vertical range.
Fixing porous permeable plate is located at cylinder 50mm At The Height, and aperture design is 2mm.
The aperture of weepage holes is 10mm.
Piezometric tube adopts caliber to be the glass tube that 10mm is smooth, transparent.
Having for water regulating valve for master waterborne; Water inlet pipe is equipped with inlet regulating valve; Return pipe is equipped with backwater variable valve.
The present invention has following technique effect, and 1, simulation rainmaking, directly the observation Infiltration situation of unsaturation gravelly soil under different raininess.2, soil body sedimentation and deformation under state of nature and simulated precipitation condition can be measured.3, because Whole Equipment size is large, natural rock-filled Grading feature can be retained to greatest extent, weaken size effect.4, accurate testing, simple to operate, cost economic, one-piece construction modularization combines, and is convenient to practical function expansion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention permeates sedimentation recording geometry structural representation comprehensively occurs.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view that the present invention moves porous permeable plate and fixing porous permeable plate.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, a kind of observation piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, comprise infiltration sedimentation and recording geometry and constant voltage circulating water supply system comprehensively occur, comprehensively there is recording geometry and comprise bracing frame 14 in described infiltration sedimentation, bracing frame 14 is equipped with cylinder 10, cylinder 10 is made for transparent material, at the upper cover of cylinder 10, electronic digital indicator 1 is housed, inside cylinder 10 upper cover, vaporific precipitation shower nozzle 4 is housed, mobile porous permeable plate 9 is housed in cylinder 10, the upper end of sedimentation bar 2 is connected with electronic digital indicator 1 depth measurement degree bottom, lower end is connected with mobile porous permeable plate 9 is vertical, in cylinder 10, fixing porous permeable plate 11 is equipped with in bottom, weepage holes 8 is had in the bottom of cylinder 10, weepage holes 8 is connected with seepage flow and regulates flexible pipe 25, cylinder 10 is provided with diameter run-down pipe 7, and piezometric tube valve 12, piezometric tube valve 12 connects piezometric tube 13, mark graduated measurement bay 16 other being equipped with of cylinder 10, measurement bay 16 is equipped with slide block 26, at slide block 26, graduated cylinder 15 is housed, be provided with thermometer 5 in graduated cylinder 15, seepage flow regulates the endpiece of flexible pipe 25 to be located on slide block 26, the water inlet pipe 3 of vaporific precipitation shower nozzle 4 connects constant voltage circulating water supply system, described constant voltage circulating water supply system comprises constant pressure water supply pump 21, the feed pipe 17 of constant pressure water supply pump 21 connects supply tank 22, and constant pressure water supply pump 21 water side taps into water pipe 3 and return pipe 24, and return pipe 24 connects supply tank 22, cylinder 10 internal diameter 300 ~ 500mm, height 950mm, thick 10mm, the minimum precision of electronic digital indicator 1 is 0.01mm, the aperture design of mobile porous permeable plate 9 is 2mm, and downside is provided with 300 object filter clothes 23, it is highly 740mm place that run-down pipe 7 is located at cylinder 10, and diameter is 10mm, at 200mm ~ 500mm At The Height of cylinder 10, settle 4 piezometric tube valves 12 respectively every 100mm vertical range, fixing porous permeable plate 11 is located at cylinder 1050mm At The Height, and aperture design is 2mm, the aperture of weepage holes 8 is 10mm, piezometric tube 13 adopts caliber to be the glass tube that 10mm is smooth, transparent, main on feed pipe 17 have for water regulating valve 18, water inlet pipe 3 is equipped with inlet regulating valve 20, return pipe 24 is equipped with backwater variable valve 19.
Constant voltage circulating water supply system is made up of constant pressure water supply pump 21, supply tank 22 and feed pipe 17, and main on feed pipe 17 have for water regulating valve 18; Water inlet pipe 3 is equipped with inlet regulating valve 20; Return pipe 24 is equipped with backwater variable valve 19.First, open for water regulating valve 18 and start constant pressure water supply pump 21, making it draw water in supply tank 22.Enter water inlet pipe 3 in one end, constant pressure water supply pump 21 water side and flow to vaporific precipitation shower nozzle 4, the other end is back to supply tank 22, control the flow of vaporific precipitation shower nozzle 4 by the water yield of adjustment inlet regulating valve 20, backwater variable valve 19, thus reach the object of simulation rainmaking rainfall intensity.At simulated precipitation process medium stone soil, sedimentation and deformation occurs, mobile porous permeable plate 9 draws sedimentation bar 2 and sinks and drive electronic digital indicator 1 bottom to move, thus on electronic digital indicator display, show the sedimentation size of gravelly soil.Vaporific precipitation shower nozzle 4 is positioned at the centre place of cylinder 10 upper cover downside, thus guarantees the uniformity coefficient of simulated precipitation.Mobile porous permeable plate 9 aperture design is 2mm, is provided with 300 object filter clothes below mobile porous permeable plate 9, promotes the homogeneity of precipitation further.The soil body is loaded internal diameter 300 ~ 500mm, the machine glass cylinder 10 of height 950mm.Be provided with the run-down pipe 7 of diameter 10mm at cylinder 10 height 740mm place, be used for collecting run-off and keeping constant head.At 200mm ~ 500mm At The Height of cylinder 10, vertical range is mounted with 4 piezometric tube valves 12 respectively every 100mm, for connecting piezometric tube 13.At 50mm At The Height, fixing porous permeable plate 11 is housed, bottom cylinder 10, is provided with the weepage holes 8 of diameter 10mm, be used for collecting seepage flow.Graduated measurement bay 16 is marked other being equipped with of cylinder 10, slide block 26 measurement bay 16 is equipped with, at slide block 26, graduated cylinder 15 is housed, thermometer 5 is provided with in graduated cylinder 15, seepage flow regulates the endpiece of flexible pipe 25 to be located on slide block 26, regulate seepage flow to regulate flexible pipe 25 and the discrepancy in elevation of run-down pipe 7 end by slide block 26, accurately control upper and lower head difference, meet code requirement completely.In cylinder 10 side, 4 piezometric tube 13 are installed, guarantee the hydraulic gradient in accurate measurement earth pillar.Piezometric tube 13 adopts caliber to be that the glass tube that 10mm is smooth, transparent measures hydraulic pressure as piezometric tube, thus avoids the impact of surface tension capillarity.Seepage discharge mainly adopts graduated cylinder 15 measurement volumes method or utilizes high-precision electronic to claim to measure, and adopts manual time-keeping, according to flow definition calculated flow rate.Finally, water temperature measured by application of temperature meter 5, revises gravelly soil saturated flow coefficient.
Concrete test procedure:
(1) soil sample of being fetched at scene is dried, is sieved, and according to reference to code, in proportion etc. quality replaces the grating drawn, with the initial aqueous rate configuration sample of 7%, and standing 24h.
(2) sample for preparing is loaded in cylinder 10 according to testing requirements layering, will carry out between every layer of soil sample scraping hair, to ensure homogeneity and the globality of soil sample, allow its more than natural consolidation 24h.
(3) check whether the route of pipe line leaks, and for water regulating valve 18, inlet regulating valve 20, backwater variable valve 19, makes it reach testing requirements raininess, carries out simulation rainmaking.
(4) utilize camera record process of the test and phenomenon, observe and infiltrate sharp side infitration process, record infiltrates the instantaneous deformation amount of the corresponding parameter of face displacement versus time and soil body sedimentation.When the whole gravelly soil soil sample of rain penetration, stop rainfall.
(5) carry out low water head from the bottom to top to soil sample saturated, after sample is fully saturated, standing 12h carries out the mensuration of infiltration coefficient.
(6) constant pressure water supply system is opened, start stopwatch, the stable water percolating capacity in seepage flow adjustment flexible pipe 25 water delivering orifice certain hour is measured with graduated cylinder 15, record the head height of piezometric tube 13 and the water temperature of water delivering orifice simultaneously, calculation permeability coefficient k, trip temperature of going forward side by side corrects, and asks its average permeate coefficient.
Claims (10)
1. observe the test complex piling up gravelly soil infiltration sedimentation for one kind, comprise infiltration sedimentation and recording geometry and constant voltage circulating water supply system comprehensively occur, it is characterized in that: described infiltration sedimentation recording geometry comprehensively occurs and comprises bracing frame (14), bracing frame (14) is equipped with cylinder (10), cylinder (10) is made for transparent material, at the upper cover of cylinder (10), electronic digital indicator (1) is housed, vaporific precipitation shower nozzle (4) is housed inside cylinder (10) upper cover, mobile porous permeable plate (9) is housed in cylinder (10), the upper end of sedimentation bar (2) is connected with electronic digital indicator (1) depth measurement degree bottom, lower end is connected with mobile porous permeable plate (9) is vertical, in cylinder (10), fixing porous permeable plate (11) is equipped with in bottom, weepage holes (8) is had in cylinder (10) bottom, weepage holes (8) is connected with seepage flow and regulates flexible pipe (25), cylinder (10) is provided with diameter run-down pipe (7), and piezometric tube valve (12), piezometric tube valve (12) connects piezometric tube (13), graduated measurement bay (16) is marked other being equipped with of cylinder (10), slide block (26) measurement bay (16) is equipped with, at slide block (26), graduated cylinder (15) is housed, in graduated cylinder (15), be provided with thermometer (5), seepage flow regulates the endpiece of flexible pipe (25) to be located on slide block (26), the water inlet pipe (3) of vaporific precipitation shower nozzle (4) connects constant voltage circulating water supply system, described constant voltage circulating water supply system comprises constant pressure water supply pump (21), the feed pipe (17) of constant pressure water supply pump (21) connects supply tank (22), constant pressure water supply pump (21) water side taps into water pipe (3) and return pipe (24), and return pipe (24) connects supply tank (22).
2. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: cylinder (10) internal diameter 300 ~ 500mm, height 950mm, thick 10mm.
3. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: electronic digital indicator (1) minimum precision is 0.01mm.
4. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, and it is characterized in that: the aperture design of mobile porous permeable plate (9) is 2mm, downside is provided with 300 object filter clothes (23).
5. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: it is highly 740mm place that run-down pipe (7) is located at cylinder (10), and diameter is 10mm.
6. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: at 200mm ~ 500mm At The Height of cylinder (10), settle 4 piezometric tube valves (12) respectively every 100mm vertical range.
7. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: fixing porous permeable plate (11) is located at cylinder (10) 50mm At The Height, and aperture design is 2mm.
8. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: the aperture of weepage holes (8) is 10mm.
9. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: piezometric tube (13) adopts caliber to be the glass tube that 10mm is smooth, transparent.
10. a kind of observation according to claim 1 piles up the test complex that gravelly soil permeates sedimentation, it is characterized in that: at feed pipe (17), upper master has for water regulating valve (18); Water inlet pipe (3) is equipped with inlet regulating valve (20); Return pipe (24) is equipped with backwater variable valve (19).
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105445165A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Self-circulating Darcy's experiment device with intelligent acquisition function |
| CN106092849A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-11-09 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of sand-pebble layer earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving anti-gush experimental provision and method |
| CN106501154A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 华北理工大学 | The experimental provision of simulation coating precipitation leakage and method |
| CN106908368A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-30 | 上海理工大学 | Simulated rainfall earth pillar permeability intensity system |
| CN107192651A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tailing dam silting phenomena simulation device |
| CN107314962A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-11-03 | 山东科技大学 | The permeable instrument in porous pavement scene and on-site measurement method |
| CN107421874A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of horizontal seepage flow test device and its application method |
| CN109612907A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 太原理工大学 | Fractured coal and rock testing permeability experimental rig and method |
| CN109870398A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-11 | 中国有色金属工业第十四冶金建设公司 | Infiltration experiment system |
| WO2019153782A1 (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-15 | 浙江大学 | Apparatus and method for quickly measuring multiple sandy soil infiltration coefficients |
| CN113109230A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel earth and rockfill dam construction material seepage deformation test system and method |
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| CN105445165A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Self-circulating Darcy's experiment device with intelligent acquisition function |
| CN107314962A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-11-03 | 山东科技大学 | The permeable instrument in porous pavement scene and on-site measurement method |
| CN106092849A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-11-09 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of sand-pebble layer earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving anti-gush experimental provision and method |
| CN106092849B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-02-05 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of sand-pebble layer earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving anti-gush experimental provision and method |
| CN106501154A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 华北理工大学 | The experimental provision of simulation coating precipitation leakage and method |
| CN106908368B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2020-03-17 | 上海理工大学 | Rainfall simulation earth pillar infiltration test system |
| CN106908368A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-30 | 上海理工大学 | Simulated rainfall earth pillar permeability intensity system |
| CN107192651A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tailing dam silting phenomena simulation device |
| CN107421874A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of horizontal seepage flow test device and its application method |
| CN107421874B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2023-10-10 | 湘潭大学 | Horizontal seepage test device and use method thereof |
| WO2019153782A1 (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-15 | 浙江大学 | Apparatus and method for quickly measuring multiple sandy soil infiltration coefficients |
| CN109612907A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 太原理工大学 | Fractured coal and rock testing permeability experimental rig and method |
| CN109870398A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-11 | 中国有色金属工业第十四冶金建设公司 | Infiltration experiment system |
| CN109870398B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2024-03-01 | 中国有色金属工业第十四冶金建设公司 | Penetration test system |
| CN113109230A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel earth and rockfill dam construction material seepage deformation test system and method |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |