CN110218603A - 一种索道用钢丝绳润滑脂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,按重量百分数计,其组分为:蜡膏10‑30、合成蜡15‑30、增粘剂11‑20、基础油35.90‑45.41、MDI 0.32‑0.96、十八胺0.34‑1.02、丁二酸0.15‑0.48、氢氧化钡或氢氧化钙、0.2‑0.61、桐油0.5‑2、石墨烯0.02‑0.1。本发明在烃基润滑脂中加入复合聚脲润滑脂制成特定稠度的半流体钢丝绳润滑脂,提高产品的滴点,具有极压抗磨、防水性等防护性能,解决现用产品高温流淌、腐蚀生锈以及污染大气环境等问题;且解决了产品的低温开裂问题;本发明的索道用润滑脂进行渗透式涂敷时,长时间150℃高温下不分油,且长时间高温作用后,仍能保持高温85℃下不流淌,低温‑40℃不脆裂的性能,不含挥发性溶剂,涂敷方便,生产成本低,提高润滑效果,能有效满足运行中钢丝绳内、外部的润滑和防护要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,属于润滑技术领域。
背景技术
随着经济的发展,人们的生活条件普遍提高,高楼大厦如雨后春笋般耸立与城市,旅游业,工业化、自动化迅速发展,钢丝绳作为运输工具的一部分,在景区观光游览时得到极大的运用。因而钢丝绳用户对钢丝绳脂的要求越来越高,不仅要求钢丝绳脂具有良好的防护性能,还要求滴点高,附着力强,对周围环境不会造成不良影响。
目前,反映在现实生活中常见的问题有旅游景点中的缆索钢丝绳,工作环境在室外,会遇见雨雪、冰雹、CO2、含硫气体等,同时夏天室外温度高达30-40℃,涂敷的润滑脂容易滴落,不但污染了游客的服装,而且也影响了景点的环境,冬天户外温度低,油脂容易脆裂,使得钢丝绳润滑脂达不到润滑、增摩的作用,造成钢丝绳的损伤,对安全造成隐患,常常被作为质量问题提起投诉。
发明内容
为解决以上问题,本发明的目的是提供一种适用于索道的高性能钢丝绳润滑脂。
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案是:一种适用于索道的高性能钢丝绳润滑脂,按重量百分数计,包括如下组分:蜡膏10-30、合成蜡 15-30、增粘剂 11-20、基础油35.90-45.41、MDI (二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)0.32-0.96、十八胺 0.34-1.02、丁二酸 0.15-0.48、氢氧化钡或氢氧化钙、0.2-0.61、桐油0.5-2、石墨烯 0.02-0.1。
进一步的,基础油为抽出油和橡胶油中任意一种或两种,抽出油的主要成分是多环芳烃,其100℃的运动粘度在15-40mm2/s,其中优选100℃的运动粘度在25-35 mm2/s的抽出油;橡胶油的主要成分有石蜡基、环烷基、芳烃基三种,其100℃的运动粘度在15-40mm2/s,其中优选100℃的运动粘度在25-35 mm2/s的橡胶油。
进一步的,蜡膏是膏状物,为地蜡、石蜡和油的混合物,优选熔点为60-80℃的蜡膏。
进一步的,合成蜡包括费托蜡、沙索蜡、聚乙烯蜡,优选熔点为110℃以上的聚乙烯蜡。
进一步的,增粘剂包括氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物、聚异丁烯和聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨脂、聚醋酸乙烯等,优选聚异丁烯、乙烯丙烯共聚物中的一种或多种混合。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明在烃基润滑脂中加入复合聚脲润滑脂制成特定稠度的半流体钢丝绳润滑脂,提高产品的滴点,具有极压抗磨、防水性等防护性能,解决现用产品的高温流淌、腐蚀生锈以及污染大气环境等问题;加入低凝点基础油解决了产品的低温开裂问题。
(2)本发明的钢丝绳润滑脂进行渗透式涂敷时,长时间150℃高温下不分油,且长时间高温作用后,仍能保持高温85℃下不流淌,低温-40℃不脆裂的性能,不含挥发性溶剂,涂敷方便,生产成本低,提高润滑效果,能有效满足运行中钢丝绳内、外部的润滑和防护要求。
具体实施方式
本发明所述的适用于索道的高性能钢丝绳润滑脂的制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)预制增摩剂:将0.02-0.1%石墨烯与分散剂(NMP、十二烷基磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等)混合,超声分散2-3h;后加入0.98-4.9%基础油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨2-3h,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度为2wt%的石墨烯油溶液(即石墨烯的基础油溶液),备用;
(2)预制合成蜡膏:将15-30%合成蜡与15-30%基础油按质量比例1:1-1.5,在120-140℃下混合搅拌1-2h,备用;
(3)将0.32-0.96% MDI、3.98%-11.94%基础油、0.34-1.02%十八胺和水在80-90℃下反应1-2h,升温到120-130℃,加入0.15-0.48%丁二酸,0.20-0.61% Ba(OH)2或Ca(OH)2反应3h;升温到200℃反应15min;
(4)冷却到120℃,将2.49-11%基础油、11-20%增粘剂、10-30%蜡膏和预制合成蜡膏加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;
(5)冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、0.5-2%桐油,搅拌1h;冷却装样。
实例一:
原料按质量百分比,组成如下:
蜡膏 20%;聚乙烯蜡 25%;聚异丁烯14%;抽出油39.39%; MDI 0.32%;十八胺 0.34%;丁二酸 0.15%;氢氧化钡 0.20% ; 桐油0.5% ;石墨烯 0.1%。
将0.1%石墨烯与分散剂NMP超声3h混合均匀;后加入4.9%抽出油,在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨3h,得到分散效果良好的溶液,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂NMP得到浓度质量分数为2%的石墨烯油溶液即得预制增摩剂;将25%聚乙烯蜡与25%的抽出油在120℃下搅拌1h即得预制合成蜡膏;将抽出油3.98%、MDI 0.32%、十八胺 0.34%和水在80℃下反应1h,升温到120℃加入丁二酸0.15% 、氢氧化钡0.20%反应3h,后升温到200℃反应15min;冷却到120℃,加入抽出油5.51%、蜡膏20%、预制合成蜡膏、聚异丁烯14%,升温至140℃搅拌1h;冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、桐油0.5%,搅拌1h,冷却装样。
实例二:
原料按质量百分比,组成如下:
蜡膏 25%;聚乙烯蜡 15%;乙丙共聚物 10%、聚异丁烯 10%;橡胶油 37.3%;MDI 0.51%;十八胺 0.54%; 丁二酸 0.25%;氢氧化钙 0.32%;桐油 1%;石墨烯0.08%。
将0.08%石墨烯与分散剂十二烷基磺酸钠超声3h混合均匀;后加入3.92%橡胶油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨2h,得到分散效果良好的溶液,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度质量分数为2%的石墨烯油溶液即得预制增磨剂;将15%聚乙烯蜡与22.5%的抽出油在130℃下搅拌1h即得预制合成蜡膏;将橡胶油3.98%、MDI 0.32%、十八胺 0.34%和水在85℃下反应1h,升温到125℃加入丁二酸0.15% 、氢氧化钙0.20%反应3h,后升温到200℃反应15min;冷却到120℃,加入橡胶油6.9%、蜡膏20%、预制合成蜡膏、乙丙共聚物10%、聚异丁烯10%,升温至140℃搅拌1h;冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、桐油0.5%,搅拌1h,冷却装样。
实例三:
原料按质量百分比,组成如下:
蜡膏 30%;聚乙烯蜡 15%;乙丙共聚物 15.5%;抽出油15%;橡胶油20.90%;MDI 0.64%;十八胺 0.68%; 丁二酸 0.32%;氢氧化钡0.40%;桐油1.5%,石墨烯0.06%。
将0.06%石墨烯与分散剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮超声2.5h混合均匀;后加入2.94%橡胶油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨2.5h,得到分散效果良好的溶液,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度质量分数为2%的石墨烯油溶液即得预制增摩剂;将15%聚乙烯蜡与15%的抽出油在120℃下搅拌1h即得预制合成蜡膏;将橡胶油7.96%、MDI0.64%、十八胺 0.68%和水在90℃下反应1h,升温到130℃加入丁二酸0.32%、 氢氧化钡0.40%反应3h,后升温到200℃反应15min;冷却到120℃,加入橡胶油10%、蜡膏30%、预制合成蜡膏、乙丙共聚物 15.5%,升温至140℃搅拌1h;冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、桐油1.5%,搅拌1h,冷却装样。
实例四:
原料按质量百分比,组成如下:
蜡膏 22%;聚乙烯蜡 18%;聚异丁烯 15.5%;抽出油19.96% 橡胶油20.55%;MDI 0.76%;十八胺 0.82%;丁二酸 0.38%;氢氧化钡 0.49%;桐油1.5% ;石墨烯0.04%;
将0.04%石墨烯与分散剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮超声2h混合均匀;后加入1.96%抽出油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨2h,得到分散效果良好的溶液,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度质量分数为2%的石墨烯油溶液即得预制增磨剂;将18%的聚乙烯蜡与18%的抽出油在140℃下搅拌1h即得预制合成蜡膏;将橡胶油9.55%、MDI0.76%、十八胺 0.82%和水在85℃下反应1h,升温到120℃加入丁二酸0.38%、氢氧化钡0.49%反应3h,后升温到200℃反应15min;冷却到120℃,加入橡胶油11%、蜡膏22%、预制合成蜡膏、聚异丁烯15.5%,升温至140℃搅拌1h;冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、桐油1.5%,搅拌1h,冷却装样。
实例五:
原料按质量百分比,组成如下:
蜡膏 10%;聚乙烯蜡 30%;乙丙共聚物 5%;聚异丁烯 6%;抽出油17%;橡胶油28.41%;MDI 0.96%;十八胺 1.02%;丁二酸 0.48%;氢氧化钙 0.61%;桐油0.5% ,石墨烯0.02%。
将0.02%石墨烯与分散剂NMP超声3h混合均匀;后加入0.98%橡胶油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨3h,得到分散效果良好的溶液,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度质量分数为2%的石墨烯油溶液即得预制增磨剂;将30%聚乙烯蜡与17%的抽出油、13%橡胶油在120℃下搅拌1h即得预制合成蜡膏;将橡胶油11.94%、MDI0.96%、十八胺 1.02%和水在80℃下反应1h,升温到120℃加入丁二酸0.48% 、氢氧化钙0.61%反应3h,后升温到200℃反应15min;冷却到120℃,加入橡胶油2.49%、蜡膏10%、预制合成蜡膏、乙丙共聚物 5%、聚异丁烯7%,升温至140℃搅拌1h;冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、桐油0.5%,搅拌1h,冷却装样。
对比例:蜡膏15% 聚乙烯蜡20% 抽出油35% 乙丙共聚物15% 聚异丁烯15%。
各实施例和对比例所得产品技术指标和试验方法见附表。
附表
技术指标 | 实例一 | 实例二 | 实例三 | 实例四 | 实例五 | 对比例 | 试验方法 |
外观 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 棕色均匀油膏 | 目测 |
滴点/℃ | 94.5 | 97 | 101 | 106 | 104 | 78 | GB/T4929 |
未工作锥入度/(1/10mm) | 108.5 | 109 | 102 | 112 | 118 | 110 | GB/T269 |
腐蚀(45#钢片,T<sub>3</sub>铜片,100℃,3h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T033 |
水分(质量分数/%) | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | 痕迹 | GB/T260 |
滑落试验(60℃,1h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T0387-2014 |
滑落试验(80℃,3h) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | |
低温性能(-30℃,30min) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | SH/T0387-2014 |
低温性能(-40℃,30min) | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 合格 | 不合格 |
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,按重量百分数计,包括如下组分:蜡膏10-30、合成蜡 15-30、增粘剂 11-20、基础油35.90-45.41、MDI 0.32-0.96、十八胺 0.34-1.02、丁二酸 0.15-0.48、氢氧化钡或氢氧化钙、0.2-0.61、桐油0.5-2、石墨烯 0.02-0.1。
2.如权利要求1所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,基础油为抽出油和橡胶油中任意一种或两种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,基础油选自100℃的运动粘度在25-35 mm2/s的抽出油。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,橡胶油选自100℃的运动粘度在25-35 mm2/s的橡胶油。
5.如权利要求1所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,蜡膏为地蜡、石蜡和油的混合物。
6.如权利要求1或5所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,蜡膏选自熔点为60-80℃的蜡膏。
7.如权利要求1所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,合成蜡包括费托蜡、沙索蜡、聚乙烯蜡。
8.如权利要求1或7所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,合成蜡选自熔点为110℃以上的聚乙烯蜡。
9.如权利要求1所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂,其特征在于,增粘剂包括氢化异戊二烯乙烯丙烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物、聚异丁烯和聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨脂、聚醋酸乙烯。
10.如权利要求1-9任一所述的索道用钢丝绳润滑脂的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)预制增摩剂:将0.02-0.1%石墨烯与分散剂混合,超声分散2-3h;后加入0.98-4.9%基础油在球磨机里以600rmp/min研磨2-3h,然后加热到200℃挥发掉分散剂得到浓度为2wt%的石墨烯油溶液,备用;
(2)预制合成蜡膏:将15-30%合成蜡与15-30%基础油按质量比例为1:1-1.5,在120-140℃下混合搅拌1-2h,备用;
(3)将0.32-0.96% MDI、3.98%-11.94%基础油、0.34-1.02%十八胺和水在80-90℃下反应1-2h,升温到120-130℃,加入0.15-0.48%丁二酸,0.20-0.61% Ba(OH)2或Ca(OH)2反应3h;升温到200℃反应15min;
(4)冷却到120℃,将2.49-11%基础油、11-20%增粘剂、10-30%蜡膏和预制合成蜡膏加入,升温至140℃,搅拌1h;
(5)冷却到80℃加入预制增摩剂、0.5-2%桐油,搅拌1h;冷却装样。
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