CN110199828A - A kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium and its preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110199828A CN110199828A CN201910560567.7A CN201910560567A CN110199828A CN 110199828 A CN110199828 A CN 110199828A CN 201910560567 A CN201910560567 A CN 201910560567A CN 110199828 A CN110199828 A CN 110199828A
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- melon
- fruit
- sawdust
- seedling medium
- vegetable seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium, and the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium is made of following components according to volume ratio: decomposed sawdust: vermiculite: perlite: river sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium.Melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium provided by the invention can substitute the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium using peat soil as main matrix, the usage amount of nonrenewable resources peat soil can be substantially reduced, raw material in matrix formulations are easier to obtain, preparation method is simple, and cost is relatively low, it being capable of reduction seedling cost by a relatively large margin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling medium more particularly to a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium and its preparation methods, belong to
In agricultural technology field.
Background technique
Currently, along with the development of China's vegetables industry, intensive seedling production has become a kind of trend, intensive seedling production it is general
Thought is: integrating cumbersome grow seedling link, changes dispersion nursery to concentrate nursery, realizes that regulation and standardization and specialized concentration are educated
Seedling reaches and saves recruitment, medication, increases production, increases income effect with synergy.The selection of seedling medium is nursery in intensive seedling production
Key now produces the compound matrix that upper common seedling medium is international peat soil, perlite and vermiculite, wherein with
Peat soil is main matrix, and peat soil refers under anaerobic conditions, largely decomposes insufficient plant residue and accumulates and form peat horizon
Soil, be a kind of nonrenewable resources, the peat soil resource in China is concentrated mainly on the Northeast.Because peat soil can not
The characteristic of regeneration and Regional Distribution unevenness, increases the cost of seedling medium.Therefore, lot of domestic and international researcher is finding energy
Enough instead of the material of peat soil main matrix status.South jiangxi area is the famous Furniture manufacturing marketing center in the whole nation, and this area has
Sawdust resource abundant, and price is lower.Have in the production of flowers and use raw sawdust as matrix, but such matrix exists
There are the drawbacks such as this Character instability, poor water retention property in production, are not available in vegetables nursery.
Melon-fruit-like vegetable is the principal item of base vegetables production, mainly includes cucumber cucurbitaceous, watermelon, muskmelon, winter
Melon tomato, capsicum, the eggplant etc. with Solanaceae such as melon.Cucumber is the representative of Curcurbitaceae Typical crops, facility and open country in China
Cultivated area it is larger, seedling age is shorter, and commonly reaching 2 leaf, 1 heart can be colonized.Tomato is the representative of Solanaceae, seedling age and cucumber
Compared to longer, it need to generally reach 5-6 piece true leaf.Bad to easily lead to emergence rate not whole for substrate preparation during nursery
Together, the problems such as rotten, seedling excessive growth, good seedling medium its physics, chemical index will meet the demand of crop, prepare compound
Matrix can effectively adjust physics, the chemical index of matrix.
About sawdust it is decomposed after in application agriculturally, report at present it is mostly be cultivation and the gardens seedling for concentrating on mushroom
Wood cuttage on, about the report applied in vegetables nursery there is not yet.
It is therefore desirable to design a kind of new melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium and its preparation method, to overcome the above problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of the prior art, provides a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium and its match
Method processed, melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium provided by the invention can substitute the melon-fruit-like vegetable nursery using peat soil as main matrix
Matrix can substantially reduce the usage amount of nonrenewable resources peat soil, and the raw material in matrix formulations are easier to obtain, and prepare
Method is simple, and cost is relatively low, being capable of reduction seedling cost by a relatively large margin.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium, the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium by following components according to
Volume ratio composition:
Decomposed sawdust: vermiculite: perlite: river sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2.
Further, the decomposed sawdust is mixed according to mass ratio and is added compound by three kinds of sawdust, rice bran, urea components
Type fermenting agent is made, the mass ratio of three kinds of components are as follows:
Sawdust: rice bran: urea=80-90:9-15:1-5；
Wherein, every 100kg sawdust adds the compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml.
Further, the partial size of the vermiculite is 3-6mm.
Further, the partial size of the perlite is 3-6mm.
Further, the partial size of the river sand is 0.5-3mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: in mass ratio, 80%-90% Furniture Factory is taken to discard sawdust, 9%-15% rice bran, 1%-5% urea three
Kind ingredient is mixed, and in addition every 100kg sawdust adds the compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml, utilizes aerobic fermentation 1-2
Month, obtain stable decomposed sawdust.
Step 2: decomposed sawdust, vermiculite, perlite, river sand are carried out according to the ratio of volume ratio 2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2
Mixing；
Step 3: the every cubic metre of matrix mixed in step 2 is added into 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, epiphragma seals 2-3
It, obtains mixed-matrix；
Step 4: adding moisture into the mixed-matrix that step 3 obtains, until water content of substrate reaches 55%-65%, stirs
Mix the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium uniformly obtained using decomposed sawdust as main matrix.
The invention has the following advantages:
The preparation method provided through the invention makes the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium come, can substitute with peat soil
For the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium of main matrix, the usage amount of nonrenewable resources peat soil can be substantially reduced, in matrix formulations
Raw material be easier to obtain, preparation method is simple, and cost is relatively low, being capable of reduction seedling cost by a relatively large margin.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel all other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
The present invention provides a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium, the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium by following components according to
Volume ratio composition: decomposed sawdust: vermiculite: perlite: river sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2.The embodiment of the present invention also provides the melon
The preparation method of fruit type vegetable seedling medium.
One, as follows using decomposed sawdust as the seedling medium preparation method of main matrix:
1, decomposed sawdust preparation:
According to the percentage of weight, Furniture Factory discards sawdust 80%-90%+ rice bran 9%-15%+ urea 1%-5%, separately
Outer every 100kg sawdust adds the compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml, adds water to reactor water content and reaches 55%-65%, and
The water content of reactor is kept to maintain 55%-65% during material reaction, reactor pile, section is trapezoidal, height 1.5-2
Rice, it is 4-6 meters wide.Compost 3 days or so temperature reach 60-70 DEG C, maintain 1-2 days, progress first time turning, and temperature is again after turning
60-70 DEG C is risen to, is maintained 1-2 days, second of turning is carried out.Reactor color becomes dark brown, and ammonia taste is light, and EC and PH reach steady
Fixed, seed germination index is up to standard, and as fermentation is completed.
2, auxiliary material prepares:
Vermiculite, perlite, river sand are purchased in the market.
The main physical and chemical index of above-mentioned vermiculite, perlite, river sand see the table below 1.
Table 1: the main physical and chemical index of vermiculite, perlite, river sand:
| Name of material | Particle size | Bulk density (g/cm3) | Specific gravity (g/cm3) |
| Vermiculite | 3-6mm | 0.18 | 2.61 |
| Perlite | 3-6mm | 0.08 | 2.37 |
| River sand | 0.5-3mm | 1.4 | 2.62 |
3, substrate preparation:
Decomposed sawdust, vermiculite, perlite, river sand mix according to the ratio of volume ratio 2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2
It is even.Every cubic metre of matrix of mixing is added into 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, epiphragma seals 2-3 days, obtains mixed-matrix.Upwards
It states mixed-matrix addition moisture to water content of substrate and reaches 55%-65%, stir evenly to get to using decomposed sawdust as main matrix
Melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium.
4, nursery:
Cucumber uses 50 hole hole trays, prepared matrix is put into hole tray, one, every hole seed is sowed.Field planting mark
Standard is 2 leaf, 1 heart.
72 hole hole trays of tomato, prepared matrix is put into hole tray, and one, every hole seed is sowed.Field planting standard
For 5 true leaves.
Two, technical research of the invention test:
1, the screening test of sawdust fermentation suitable nitrogen source
(1) material prepares: the sawdust for being purchased from Furniture Factory, the peanut cake bought in the market, corn flour, rice bran, compound hair
Yeast-like fungi agent (belongs to common microbial inoculum).
(2) it tests and is tested according to the different processing of three groups of the difference point of nitrogen source, related ratio is mass ratio below:
First group: sawdust 85%-90.3%+ peanut cake 9-13.5%+0.7-1.5% urea, every 100kg sawdust addition
The compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml；
Second group: sawdust 84%-90%+ corn flour 9%-14%+1%-2% urea, every 100kg sawdust add 100-
The compound fermenting agent of 300ml；
Third group: sawdust 83%-90%+ rice bran 9%-15%+1%-2% urea, every 100kg sawdust add 100-
The compound fermenting agent of 300ml.The water tariff collection of reactor ferments under room temperature in 55%-65% or so.
Obtain from test result analysis: above-mentioned three groups of nitrogen sources processing can make sawdust achieve the effect that fermentation, according to hair
The physical and chemical index of sawdust can meet the growth requirement of general crop after ferment, and can disappear by the detection of seed germination index
Except the toxicity to plant.The combination (i.e. third group is tested) of nitrogen source rice bran and urea is judged according to fermentation number of days, and fermentation time is more
Fastly.
Table 2: different disposal fermentation time and fermentation material physical and chemical index comparison sheet
2, melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium test preparation:
Using the suitable index of cucumber, tomato seedling substrate physics and chemistry as standard, based on decomposed sawdust, vermiculite, perlite are
It is auxiliary, matrix formulations 6 are prepared, is control with international vegetable seedling substrate.
As shown in table 3, the number in formula is the volume ratio of each content, such as sawdust (decomposed) in T1 for matrix formulations processing:
Vermiculite: perlite=1-3:1-2:1-2.
Table 3: it is handled by the matrix formulations of main matrix of decomposed sawdust
It is obtained from test result analysis:
Decomposed sawdust of the present invention: vermiculite: perlite: sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2 formulation media physics and chemistry
Property meets the demand of cucumber and tomato seedling, as shown in table 4.
Compared with the control, decomposed sawdust according to the present invention: vermiculite: perlite: sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2 matches
Fang Jizhi (T6) all there is significantly high advantage on chlorophyll content, seedling vigorous index, as shown in Table 5,6.
Above-mentioned to absolutely prove ripe sawdust of the present invention: vermiculite: perlite: sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2 matches
Fang Jizhi can cultivate good melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling.
Table 4 is the physical and chemical index of different formulations matrix:
Table 5 is different formulations matrix treatments cucumber at seedling stage index:
6 different formulations matrix treatments tomato seedling index of table:
Three, in conclusion the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium of the preparation method preparation provided through the invention, compares and show
Some technologies, have the advantages that
1, the raw material sources of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium provided by the invention are extensive, and preparation method is simple, cost compared with
It is low, it being capable of reduction seedling cost by a relatively large margin.
2, proposed by the present invention using decomposed sawdust as the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium of main matrix, it can be in production application
It is horizontal with general matrix to reach the vegetables world.
3, the technical scheme is that the dosage of peat soil can be substituted using the sawdust that ferments as main matrix, and reduction can not
The dosage of regenerated resources can reduce seedling cost again.
4, according to matrix formulations provided by the invention, the physicochemical property of matrix can meet wanting for melon-fruit-like vegetable nursery
It asks.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium, which is characterized in that the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium by following components according to
Volume ratio composition:
Decomposed sawdust: vermiculite: perlite: river sand=2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2.
2. melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the decomposed sawdust by sawdust, rice bran,
Three kinds of components of urea mix according to mass ratio and add compound fermenting agent and are made, the mass ratio of three kinds of components are as follows:
Sawdust: rice bran: urea=80-90:9-15:1-5；
Wherein, every 100kg sawdust adds the compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml.
3. melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the vermiculite is 3-6mm.
4. melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the perlite is 3-6mm.
5. melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the river sand is 0.5-3mm.
6. a kind of preparation method of melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium as described in any one in claim 1-5, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: in mass ratio, take 80%-90% Furniture Factory discard sawdust, 9%-15% rice bran, three kinds of 1%-5% urea at
Divide and mixed, in addition every 100kg sawdust adds the compound fermenting agent of 100-300ml, using aerobic fermentation 1-2 months, obtains
To stable decomposed sawdust.
Step 2: decomposed sawdust, vermiculite, perlite, river sand are mixed according to the ratio of volume ratio 2-4:1-3:1-2:1-2
It closes；
Step 3: the every cubic metre of matrix mixed in step 2 is added into 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, epiphragma is sealed 2-3 days, obtained
To mixed-matrix；
Step 4: adding moisture into the mixed-matrix that step 3 obtains, until water content of substrate reaches 55-65%, stirs evenly
Obtain the melon-fruit-like vegetable seedling medium using decomposed sawdust as main matrix.
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Citations (7)
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| CN105110825A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | Organic light seedling medium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105541503A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Grape seedling cultivation medium |
| CN107285943A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-24 | 蒋华 | A kind of melon raise seedling straw substrate and its manufacture method |
| CN108496750A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州赵陈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of balsam pear seedling medium |
| CN109006350A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 柳州市合联农业有限公司 | A kind of passion fruit cuttage and seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN109832161A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 李金盛 | A kind of flower basin Growth media and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910560567.7A patent/CN110199828A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102754590A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-10-31 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco floating growing substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105110825A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | Organic light seedling medium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105541503A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Grape seedling cultivation medium |
| CN107285943A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-24 | 蒋华 | A kind of melon raise seedling straw substrate and its manufacture method |
| CN108496750A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州赵陈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of balsam pear seedling medium |
| CN109832161A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 李金盛 | A kind of flower basin Growth media and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006350A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-18 | 柳州市合联农业有限公司 | A kind of passion fruit cuttage and seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof |
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