CN110195175A - A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110195175A CN110195175A CN201910458783.0A CN201910458783A CN110195175A CN 110195175 A CN110195175 A CN 110195175A CN 201910458783 A CN201910458783 A CN 201910458783A CN 110195175 A CN110195175 A CN 110195175A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses corrosion-resistant pack alloys of a kind of automobile and preparation method thereof, belong to aluminum alloy die casting manufacture field.Its component and each component percentage are as follows: Si6.5-7.6%, Mg1.4-2.1%, Cu0.8-1.3%, Sr0.05-0.11%, Zn0.4-0.9%, Mn0.4-0.8%, Fe0.2-0.6%, Y0.2-0.5%, Er0.03-0.05%, other metals and nonmetallic impurity element total amount are no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.It is prepared by processing steps such as thawing-refining-standing-die casting-solution hardening processing-ageing treatments.Aluminium alloy of the invention has in terms of corrosion resistance significantly to be promoted, and tensile property is good under high temperature, toughness is big, crush resistance energy is good；Of the invention is simple for process, and with high security, the low advantage of production technology cost, the aluminium alloy castings of production meet the requirement for being subjected to larger dynamic loading workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy die casting manufacture field, more particularly to a kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is concentrated mainly on the casting of engine component and wheel hub in the application of automotive field, and at the same time, aluminium
Close gradually attracting attention on auto body sheet using beginning；Aluminium alloy by processing method can be divided into Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys and
Cast aluminium alloy gold two major classes.In cast aluminium alloy gold, and die casting be it is a kind of molten alloy liquid is poured into pressure chamber, to fill out at a high speed
The type chamber of steel die is filled, and solidifies aluminium alloy under stress and forms the casting method of casting.
Traditional aluminum alloy die casting corrosion resistance is poor, and mechanical performance is bad, is unable to satisfy market and existing product material
Matter performance requirement.Component, melting and the heat treatment process parameter of aluminium alloy all have a major impact plate property, how to select most
Excellent ingredient and optimal procedure parameters become the emphasis studied at present.
The disclosure of background above technology contents is only used for auxiliary and understands inventive concept and technical solution of the invention, not
The prior art for necessarily belonging to present patent application shows above content in the applying date of present patent application in no tangible proof
In the case where having disclosed, above-mentioned background technique should not be taken to the novelty and creativeness of evaluation the application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide corrosion-resistant pack alloys of a kind of automobile and preparation method thereof, to solve existing skill
Aluminium alloy castings corrosion resistance existing for art is poor, the bad technical problem of mechanical performance.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes following scheme:
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile, component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 6.5-7.6%, Mg
1.4-2.1%, Cu 0.8-1.3%, Sr 0.05-0.11%, Zn 0.4-0.9%, Mn 0.4-0.8%, Fe0.2-0.6%, Y
0.2-0.5%, Er 0.03-0.05%, other metals and nonmetallic impurity element total amount are no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.
Preferably, component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 6.9%, Mg 1.7%, Cu 1.1%, Sr 0.07%, Zn
0.6%, Mn 0.6%, Fe 0.5%, Y 0.3%, Er 0.04%, other metals and nonmetallic impurity element total amount do not surpass
0.5% is crossed, remaining is Al.
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile, comprising the following steps:
S1: fusing: first fine aluminium, pure magnesium, alusil alloy being added in smelting furnace, are heated to 735-750 DEG C and stir to make to close
Gold is completely melt, cathode copper, alumin(i)um zinc alloy, ferroaluminium and alumal is then added, is continuously heating to 770-810 DEG C, to
Alloying element obtains molten aluminium alloy after all melting, and molten metal is stirred and shaken with graphite rod, and the gas in molten metal is discharged；
S2: refining: the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 750-760 DEG C, is sprayed into refining agent and is carried out refining treatment, refining
5-10min is stood after the completion, the surface slag of molten aluminium alloy is clawed, then heats to 760-780 DEG C, and fining agent, magnesium is added
Strontium alloy, yttrium-magnesium alloy and Al-Er alloy are passed through argon gas and are refined, and pressure control is in 0.20Mpa-0.35Mpa, degasification time
For 12-16min, degasification, which finishes, examines molten aluminium alloy ingredient, is skimmed for the second time after passing the inspection, completion refined
Journey；
S3: it stands: the molten aluminium alloy after refining being stood, is down to 700 DEG C to molten aluminium alloy temperature；
S4: die casting: mold is preheated to 130-140 DEG C, then the type that aqueous release agent is sprayed onto mold is intracavitary, continues mould
The type chamber of tool is preheated to 235-245 DEG C, then injection after step S3 treated molten aluminium alloy is carried out into the type chamber of mold
Die casting；
S5: solution hardening processing: quenching temperature is 532-544 DEG C, Quenching Soaking Time 50-60min, and quenching turns
Shift time≤28s, the storage period is 3.5h after quenching；
S6: ageing treatment: by step S5, treated that aluminum alloy die casting is placed in aging furnace, carries out three sections of processing,
Die casting is obtained after the completion.
Preferably, the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 758 DEG C of progress refining treatments in step S2.
Preferably, the quality that refining agent is added in step S2 is 0.27% of aluminum alloy melt weight in furnace,
Preferably, in step S2 by pressure control in 0.28Mpa.
Preferably, continue the type chamber of mold being preheated to 241 DEG C after spraying aqueous release agent in step S4.
Preferably, press casting procedure in step S4 are as follows: filling melt flow velocity when type starts is 0.26-0.30m/s, casting pressure
For 53-58MPa；Filling type rate is more than after 30%, and melt flow velocity is 0.86-0.97m/s, casting pressure 60-64MPa；Fill type rate
After 60%, the flow velocity of melt is improved to 1.65-1.70m/s, casting pressure 65-70MPa；When filling type rate 90%, aluminium is closed
Golden melt flow velocity is 1.85-1.95m/s, casting pressure 71-74MPa, until filling type die casting terminates.
Preferably, quenching temperature described in step S5 is 537 DEG C.
Preferably, three sections of ageing treatment steps described in step S6 are as follows:
One section of timeliness: aging temp is 110-125 DEG C, aging time 90-100min；
Two sections of timeliness: aging temp is 140-160 DEG C, aging time 100-120min；
Three sections of timeliness: aging temp is 200-220 DEG C, aging time 3-4h.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with the prior art includes:
It is significantly promoted 1. aluminium alloy of the invention has in terms of corrosion resistance, and tensile property is good under high temperature, toughness is big,
Crush resistance can be good；Simple production process of the invention is easy, with high security, the low advantage of production technology cost, production
Aluminium alloy castings meet and be subjected to the requirement of larger dynamic loading workpiece.
2. as shown in Table 1, the data of embodiment 1-3 are superior to the data of comparative example 1-4.In embodiment 1-3, from data
It can be seen that embodiment 3 is optimum embodiment.Under conditions of 25 DEG C, embodiment 3 is than comparative example 1,2,3,4 in terms of tensile strength
It is respectively increased: 11.7%, 10.2%, 12.5%, 55.6%；Embodiment 3 mentions respectively than comparative example 1,2,3,4 in terms of elongation percentage
Gao Liao: 23.7%, 26.3%, 29.9%, 56.0%.Under conditions of 300 DEG C, embodiment 3 compares comparative example in terms of tensile strength
1, it 2,3,4 is respectively increased: 25.1%, 17.5%, 30.5%, 63.0%；In terms of elongation percentage embodiment 3 than comparative example 1,2,3,
4 are respectively increased: 24.4%, 26.5%, 18.9%, 35.6%.As can be seen that aluminium of the invention closes from the increase rate of performance
Gold formula and preparation method thereof can effectively improve tensile strength, Rockwell hardness and the elongation percentage of gained aluminium alloy castings；Tension
In terms of intensity, the aluminium alloy of embodiment 3 than the increase rate under hot conditions of the aluminium alloy of comparative example 1-4 at 300 DEG C than
Increase rate under conditions of 25 DEG C wants high, also reflects that comprehensive performance is more preferable under aluminium alloy castings hot conditions of the present invention.And it is right
The performance of ratio 1-4 is below embodiment 1-3, also illustrates that Sr, Y, Er element of addition play and improves aluminium alloy castings
The effect of energy.
3. Sr, which is added in aluminium alloy, can play rotten effect in the rare earth element of addition, conjunction can be effectively refined
Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys and primary silicon in gold, improve the mechanical performance of alloy.The aluminum alloy organization for adding Y is finer and closely woven, and casting can be improved
Inoxidizability and ductility, high-temperature corrosion resistance performance are greatly improved, and after adding Y, aluminium alloy castings surface can the company of being formed
Continue fine and close protective oxide film, the diffusion of oxygen, sulphur can be hindered to immerse, the corrosion resistance of casting is made to get a promotion.Er's adds
Al can formed by entering3Er, can significant refining alloy as-cast grain, can inhibit to recrystallize to a certain extent, improve alloy
Thermal stability, can be improved the tensile strength and hardness of the alloy under different heat treatment state at the same time, and Er can refine branch
Crystal mesh born of the same parents tissue, improves recrystallization temperature.Embodiment 3 and the data of the tensile strength of comparative example 1-4 are compared, Ke Yifa
Existing tri- kinds of elements of Sr, Y, Er produce synergistic effect, and embodiment 3 improves 20.9 (199.3-178.4=than comparative example 1
20.9)；Embodiment 3 improves 18.4 (199.3-180.9=18.4) than comparative example 2；Embodiment 3 is improved than comparative example 3
22.2 (199.3-177.1=22.2)；Embodiment 3 improves 71.2 (199.3-128.1=77.2) than comparative example 4；Wherein
It is 61.5 (20.9+18.4+22.2=61.5) that the data that comparative example 1-3 is individually subtracted in the data of embodiment 3, which are added summation, this
71.2 (61.5 < 71.2) that numerical value reduces in the case where being less than embodiment 3 relative to the comparative example 4 for not adding Sr, Y, Er element；
Every group of the numerical value of comparative example 1-3 is individually subtracted as Effect value using embodiment 3, Sr, Y, Er element are combined in aluminium alloy castings
Effect value ratio Sr, Y, Er element used uses individually the sum of Effect value increase rate α=(71.2- in aluminium alloy castings
61.5) 61.5 × 100%=15.77% of ÷, that is, Effect value improves 15.77% in the case where being applied in combination, illustrate Sr, Y,
It is indispensable that Er element generates synergistic effect, the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy castings, each component accordingly.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.It is emphasized that following the description is only
It is merely exemplary, the range and its application being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile, component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 6.5%, Mg1.4%, Cu
0.8%, Sr 0.05%, Zn 0.4%, Mn 0.4%, Fe 0.2%, Y0.2%, Er 0.03%, other metals and nonmetallic
Impurity element total amount be no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile, comprising the following steps:
S1: fusing: first fine aluminium, pure magnesium, alusil alloy being added in smelting furnace, are heated to 735 DEG C and stirring keeps alloy complete
Then running down is added cathode copper, alumin(i)um zinc alloy, ferroaluminium and alumal, 770 DEG C is continuously heating to, to alloying element
Molten aluminium alloy all is obtained after fusing, molten metal is stirred and shaken with graphite rod, the gas in molten metal is discharged；
S2: refining: the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 750 DEG C, and spraying into quality is aluminum alloy melt weight in furnace
0.27% refining agent carries out refining treatment, stands 5min after the completion of refining, the surface slag of molten aluminium alloy is clawed, is then risen
For temperature to 760 DEG C, it is that the fining agent of aluminum alloy melt weight 0.5%, magnesium strontium alloy, yttrium-magnesium alloy and aluminium erbium close in furnace that quality, which is added,
Gold is passed through argon gas and is refined, and pressure control is 12min in 0.20Mpa, degasification time, and degasification finishes inspection molten aluminium alloy
Ingredient is skimmed for the second time after passing the inspection, completes refining process；
S3: it stands: the molten aluminium alloy after refining being stood, is down to 700 DEG C to molten aluminium alloy temperature；
S4: die casting: mold is preheated to 130 DEG C, then the type that aqueous release agent is sprayed onto mold is intracavitary, continues mold
Type chamber is preheated to 235, then injection after step S3 treated molten aluminium alloy is carried out die casting into the type chamber of mold, fills type and opens
Melt flow velocity when the beginning is 0.26m/s, casting pressure 53MPa；Filling type rate is more than after 30%, and melt flow velocity is 0.86m/s, casting
Making pressure is 60MPa；Filling type rate is more than that the flow velocity of melt is improved after 60% to 1.65m/s, casting pressure 65MPa；Fill type rate
When 90%, molten aluminium alloy flow velocity is 1.85m/s, casting pressure 71MPa, until filling type die casting terminates；
S5: solution hardening processing: quenching temperature 532, Quenching Soaking Time 50min, quenching shift time≤
28s, the storage period is 3.5h after quenching；
S6: ageing treatment: by step S5, treated that aluminum alloy die casting is placed in aging furnace, carries out ageing treatment, step
Suddenly are as follows: one section of timeliness: aging temp is 110 DEG C, aging time 90min；Two sections of timeliness: aging temp is 140 DEG C, timeliness
Handle time 100min；Three sections of timeliness: aging temp is 200 DEG C, aging time 3h, obtains die casting after the completion.
Embodiment 2
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile, component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 7.6%, Mg2.1%, Cu
1.3%, Sr 0.11%, Zn 0.9%, Mn 0.8%, Fe 0.6%, Y 0.5%, Er 0.05%, other metals and nonmetallic
Impurity element total amount be no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile, comprising the following steps:
S1: fusing: first fine aluminium, pure magnesium, alusil alloy being added in smelting furnace, are heated to 750 DEG C and stirring keeps alloy complete
Then running down is added cathode copper, alumin(i)um zinc alloy, ferroaluminium and alumal, 810 DEG C is continuously heating to, to alloying element
Molten aluminium alloy all is obtained after fusing, molten metal is stirred and shaken with graphite rod, the gas in molten metal is discharged；
S2: refining: the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 760 DEG C, and spraying into quality is aluminum alloy melt weight in furnace
0.27% refining agent carries out refining treatment, stands 10min after the completion of refining, the surface slag of molten aluminium alloy is clawed, then
780 DEG C are warming up to, fining agent, magnesium strontium alloy, yttrium-magnesium alloy and aluminium erbium that quality is aluminum alloy melt weight 0.5% in furnace is added
Alloy is passed through argon gas and is refined, and for pressure control in 0.35Mpa, the degasification time is 16min, and degasification, which finishes, examines aluminium alloy molten
Liquid ingredient, is skimmed for the second time after passing the inspection, completes refining process；
S3: it stands: the molten aluminium alloy after refining being stood, is down to 700 DEG C to molten aluminium alloy temperature；
S4: die casting: mold is preheated to 140 DEG C, then the type that aqueous release agent is sprayed onto mold is intracavitary, continues mold
Type chamber is preheated to 245 DEG C, then injection after step S3 treated molten aluminium alloy is carried out die casting into the type chamber of mold, fills type
Melt flow velocity when beginning is 0.30m/s, casting pressure 58MPa；Filling type rate is more than after 30%, and melt flow velocity is 0.97m/s,
Casting pressure is 64MPa；Filling type rate is more than that the flow velocity of melt is improved after 60% to 1.70m/s, casting pressure 70MPa；Fill type
When rate 90%, molten aluminium alloy flow velocity is 1.95m/s, casting pressure 74MPa, until filling type die casting terminates；
S5: solution hardening processing: quenching temperature is 544 DEG C, Quenching Soaking Time 60min, quenching shift time
≤ 28s, the storage period is 3.5h after quenching；
S6: ageing treatment: by step S5, treated that aluminum alloy die casting is placed in aging furnace, carries out ageing treatment, place
Manage step are as follows: one section of timeliness: aging temp is 125 DEG C, aging time 100min；Two sections of timeliness: aging temp 160
DEG C, aging time 120min；Three sections of timeliness: aging temp is 220 DEG C, aging time 4h, obtains die casting after the completion.
Embodiment 3
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile, component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 6.9%, Mg1.7%, Cu
1.1%, Sr 0.07%, Zn 0.6%, Mn 0.6%, Fe 0.5%, Y0.3%, Er 0.04%, other metals and nonmetallic
Impurity element total amount be no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.
A kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile, comprising the following steps:
S1: fusing: first fine aluminium, pure magnesium, alusil alloy being added in smelting furnace, are heated to 743 DEG C and stirring keeps alloy complete
Then running down is added cathode copper, alumin(i)um zinc alloy, ferroaluminium and alumal, 770-810 DEG C is continuously heating to, to alloy
Element obtains molten aluminium alloy after all melting, and molten metal is stirred and shaken with graphite rod, and the gas in molten metal is discharged；
S2: refining: the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 758 DEG C, and spraying into quality is aluminum alloy melt weight in furnace
0.27% refining agent carries out refining treatment, stands 7min after the completion of refining, the surface slag of molten aluminium alloy is clawed, is then risen
For temperature to 773 DEG C, it is that the fining agent of aluminum alloy melt weight 0.5%, magnesium strontium alloy, yttrium-magnesium alloy and aluminium erbium close in furnace that quality, which is added,
Gold is passed through argon gas and is refined, and pressure control is 14min in 0.28Mpa, degasification time, and degasification finishes inspection molten aluminium alloy
Ingredient is skimmed for the second time after passing the inspection, completes refining process；
S3: it stands: the molten aluminium alloy after refining being stood, is down to 700 DEG C to molten aluminium alloy temperature；
S4: die casting: mold is preheated to 134 DEG C, then the type that aqueous release agent is sprayed onto mold is intracavitary, continues mold
Type chamber is preheated to 241 DEG C, then injection after step S3 treated molten aluminium alloy is carried out die casting into the type chamber of mold, fills type
Melt flow velocity when beginning is 0.28m/s, casting pressure 55MPa；Filling type rate is more than after 30%, and melt flow velocity is 0.92m/s,
Casting pressure is 62MPa；Filling type rate is more than that the flow velocity of melt is improved after 60% to 1.68m/s, casting pressure 67MPa；Fill type
When rate 90%, molten aluminium alloy flow velocity is 1.91m/s, casting pressure 72MPa, until filling type die casting terminates；
S5: solution hardening processing: quenching temperature is 537 DEG C, Quenching Soaking Time 55min, quenching shift time
≤ 28s, the storage period is 3.5h after quenching；
S6: ageing treatment: by step S5, treated that aluminum alloy die casting is placed in aging furnace, carries out ageing treatment, place
Manage step are as follows: one section of timeliness: aging temp is 116 DEG C, aging time 97min；Two sections of timeliness: aging temp is 152 DEG C,
Aging time 111min；Three sections of timeliness: aging temp is 209 DEG C, aging time 3.5h, obtains die casting after the completion.
Comparative example 1
The component and each component percentage, processing step of aluminium alloy are substantially the same manner as Example 3, have only the difference is that component
In be not added with Sr element.
Comparative example 2
The component and each component percentage, processing step of aluminium alloy are substantially the same manner as Example 3, have only the difference is that component
In be not added with Y element.
Comparative example 3
The component and each component percentage, processing step of aluminium alloy are substantially the same manner as Example 3, have only the difference is that component
In be not added with Er element.
Comparative example 4
The component and each component percentage, processing step of aluminium alloy are substantially the same manner as Example 3, have only the difference is that component
In be not added with Sr, Y, Er element.
Aluminum alloy die casting obtained by embodiment 1-3, comparative example 1-4 is tested according to GB/T 15114-2009,
Acquired results are as shown in table 1.
Aluminum alloy die casting tensile strength obtained by 1 embodiment 1-3 of table, comparative example 1-4, elongation percentage and Rockwell hardness
Test result
As shown in Table 1, the data of embodiment 1-3 are superior to the data of comparative example 1-4.It, can from data in embodiment 1-3
To find out embodiment 3 for optimum embodiment.Under conditions of 25 DEG C, embodiment 3 is than 1,2,3,4 point of comparative example in terms of tensile strength
It does not improve: 11.7%, 10.2%, 12.5%, 55.6%；Embodiment 3 is respectively increased than comparative example 1,2,3,4 in terms of elongation percentage
: 23.7%, 26.3%, 29.9%, 56.0%.Under conditions of 300 DEG C, in terms of tensile strength embodiment 3 than comparative example 1,
2, it 3,4 is respectively increased: 25.1%, 17.5%, 30.5%, 63.0%；Embodiment 3 is than comparative example 1,2,3,4 in terms of elongation percentage
It is respectively increased: 24.4%, 26.5%, 18.9%, 35.6%.As can be seen that aluminium of the invention closes from the increase rate of performance
Gold formula and preparation method thereof can effectively improve tensile strength, Rockwell hardness and the elongation percentage of gained aluminium alloy castings；Tension
In terms of intensity, the aluminium alloy of embodiment 3 than the increase rate under hot conditions of the aluminium alloy of comparative example 1-4 at 300 DEG C than
Increase rate under conditions of 25 DEG C wants high, also reflects that comprehensive performance is more preferable under aluminium alloy castings hot conditions of the present invention.And it is right
The performance of ratio 1-4 is below embodiment 1-3, also illustrates that Sr, Y, Er element of addition play and improves aluminium alloy castings
The effect of energy.
In the rare earth element of addition, Sr, which is added in aluminium alloy, can play rotten effect, can effectively refining alloy
In Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys and primary silicon, improve the mechanical performance of alloy.The aluminum alloy organization for adding Y is finer and closely woven, and the anti-of casting can be improved
Oxidisability and ductility, high-temperature corrosion resistance performance are greatly improved, and after adding Y, aluminium alloy castings surface can be formed continuously
Fine and close protective oxide film can hinder the diffusion of oxygen, sulphur to immerse, the corrosion resistance of casting is made to get a promotion.The addition of Er
Al can formed3Er, can significant refining alloy as-cast grain, can inhibit to recrystallize to a certain extent, improve alloy heat
Stability, can be improved the tensile strength and hardness of the alloy under different heat treatment state at the same time, and Er can refine dendrite
Born of the same parents' tissue is netted, recrystallization temperature is improved.Embodiment 3 and the data of the tensile strength of comparative example 1-4 are compared, it can be found that
Tri- kinds of elements of Sr, Y, Er produce synergistic effect, and embodiment 3 improves 20.9 (199.3-178.4=20.9) than comparative example 1；
Embodiment 3 improves 18.4 (199.3-180.9=18.4) than comparative example 2；Embodiment 3 improves 22.2 than comparative example 3
(199.3-177.1=22.2)；Embodiment 3 improves 71.2 (199.3-128.1=77.2) than comparative example 4；Wherein implementation
It is 61.5 (20.9+18.4+22.2=61.5), this numerical value that the data that comparative example 1-3 is individually subtracted in the data of example 3, which are added summation,
Less than embodiment 3 relative to the comparative example 4 for not adding Sr, Y, Er element in the case where 71.2 (61.5 < 71.2) that reduce；With reality
It applies example 3 and every group of the numerical value of comparative example 1-3 is individually subtracted as Effect value, Sr, Y, Er element are applied in combination in aluminium alloy castings
Effect value ratio Sr, Y, Er element the sum of Effect value increase rate α=(71.2-61.5) is used individually in aluminium alloy castings
61.5 × 100%=15.77% of ÷, that is, Effect value improves 15.77% in the case where being applied in combination, and illustrates Sr, Y, Er member
It is indispensable that element generates synergistic effect, the comprehensive performance of aluminium alloy castings, each component accordingly.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot
Assert that specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.General technical staff of the technical field of the invention is come
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,
And these substitutions or variant all shall be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile, which is characterized in that its component and each component percentage are as follows: Si 6.5-
7.6%, Mg 1.4-2.1%, Cu 0.8-1.3%, Sr 0.05-0.11%, Zn 0.4-0.9%, Mn 0.4-0.8%, Fe
0.2-0.6%, Y 0.2-0.5%, Er 0.03-0.05%, other metals and nonmetallic impurity element total amount are no more than
0.5%, remaining is Al.
2. a kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy of automobile as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that its component and each component hundred
Divide ratio are as follows: Si 6.9%, Mg 1.7%, Cu 1.1%, Sr 0.07%, Zn 0.6%, Mn 0.6%, Fe 0.5%, Y
0.3%, Er 0.04%, other metals and nonmetallic impurity element total amount are no more than 0.5%, remaining is Al.
3. a kind of corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
S1: fusing: first fine aluminium, pure magnesium, alusil alloy being added in smelting furnace, are heated to 735-750 DEG C and stirring keeps alloy complete
Then running down is added cathode copper, alumin(i)um zinc alloy, ferroaluminium and alumal, 770-810 DEG C is continuously heating to, to alloy
Element obtains molten aluminium alloy after all melting, and molten metal is stirred and shaken with graphite rod, and the gas in molten metal is discharged；
S2: refining: the temperature of molten aluminium alloy is adjusted to 750-760 DEG C, is sprayed into refining agent and is carried out refining treatment, refining is completed
After stand 5-10min, the surface slag of molten aluminium alloy is clawed, then heats to 760-780 DEG C, fining agent is added, magnesium strontium closes
Gold, yttrium-magnesium alloy and Al-Er alloy, are passed through argon gas and are refined, pressure control is in 0.20Mpa-0.35Mpa, degasification time
12-16min, degasification, which finishes, examines molten aluminium alloy ingredient, is skimmed for the second time after passing the inspection, completes refining process；
S3: it stands: the molten aluminium alloy after refining being stood, is down to 700 DEG C to molten aluminium alloy temperature；
S4: die casting: mold is preheated to 130-140 DEG C, then the type that aqueous release agent is sprayed onto mold is intracavitary, continues mold
Type chamber is preheated to 235-245 DEG C, then injection after step S3 treated molten aluminium alloy is carried out die casting into the type chamber of mold；
S5: solution hardening processing: quenching temperature is 532-544 DEG C, Quenching Soaking Time 50-60min, when quenching is shifted
Between≤28s, the storage period is 3.5h after quenching；
S6: ageing treatment: by step S5, treated that aluminum alloy die casting is placed in aging furnace, carries out three sections of processing, completes
Die casting is obtained afterwards.
4. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that by aluminium in step S2
The temperature of alloy molten solution is adjusted to 758 DEG C of progress refining treatments.
5. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that be added in step S2
The quality of refining agent is 0.27% of aluminum alloy melt weight in furnace.
6. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that by gas in step S2
Voltage-controlled system is in 0.28Mpa.
7. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that sprayed in step S4
Continue the type chamber of mold being preheated to 241 DEG C after aqueous release agent.
8. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that die casting in step S4
Process are as follows:
The melt flow velocity for filling when type starts is 0.26-0.30m/s, casting pressure 53-58MPa；Filling type rate is more than to melt after 30%
Flow velocity is 0.86-0.97m/s, casting pressure 60-64MPa；Filling type rate is more than to improve the flow velocity of melt extremely after 60%
1.65-1.70m/s, casting pressure 65-70MPa；When filling type rate 90%, molten aluminium alloy flow velocity is 1.85-1.95m/s, casting
Making pressure is 71-74MPa, until filling type die casting terminates.
9. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described in step S5
Quenching temperature is 537 DEG C.
10. the corrosion-resistant pack alloy preparation method of automobile as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described in step S6
Three sections of ageing treatment steps are as follows:
One section of timeliness: aging temp is 110-125 DEG C, aging time 90-100min；
Two sections of timeliness: aging temp is 140-160 DEG C, aging time 100-120min；
Three sections of timeliness: aging temp is 200-220 DEG C, aging time 3-4h.
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