CN114351018A - High-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, production method and application thereof in manufacturing air inlet pipe - Google Patents
High-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, production method and application thereof in manufacturing air inlet pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2-3.2%, Cu0.5-1.1%, Si1.2-2.3%, Zn0.2-0.5%, Fe0.3-0.7%, Mn0.1-0.3%, Cr0.2-0.4%, V0.08-0.12%, Mo0.1-0.2%, Nb0.2-0.3%, Ba0.07-0.15%, Sc0.1-0.13%, Pm0.02-0.04%, Tb0.07-0.1%, Tm0.12-0.16%, Lu0.05-0.09%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is not more than 0.3%, and the balance of Al. The aluminum alloy die casting prepared by the process disclosed by the invention is excellent in comprehensive performance and can meet the requirement of producing the air inlet pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy die casting processing, in particular to a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, a production method and application thereof in manufacturing an air inlet pipe.
Background
The engine intake pipe is an air pipe for introducing gas required for combustion in the machine into the machine. The air inlet pipe must ensure enough flow area, avoid turning and sudden change of section, improve the smoothness of the surface of the pipeline and the like, and reduce the resistance.
The traditional aluminum alloy for producing the engine air inlet pipe has the defects of insufficient strength and incapability of meeting the requirements of the market and the material performance of the existing product. The components of the aluminum alloy, the smelting and heat treatment process parameters have important influence on the performance of the aluminum alloy for producing the engine air inlet pipe, and how to select the optimal components and the optimal process parameters becomes the key point of the current research.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, a production method and application thereof in manufacturing an air inlet pipe.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2-3.2%, Cu 0.5-1.1%, Si 1.2-2.3%, Zn 0.2-0.5%, Fe 0.3-0.7%, Mn 0.1-0.3%, Cr 0.2-0.4%, V0.08-0.12%, Mo 0.1-0.2%, Nb 0.2-0.3%, Ba 0.07-0.15%, Sc 0.1-0.13%, Pm 0.02-0.04%, Tb 0.07-0.1%, Tm 0.12-0.16%, Lu 0.05-0.09%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is not more than 0.3%, and the balance of Al.
Further, the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2.8%, Cu 0.7%, Si 2%, Zn 0.4%, Fe 0.5%, Mn 0.2%, Cr 0.3%, V1%, Mo 0.12%, Nb 0.25%, Ba 0.08%, Sc 0.11%, Pm 0.03%, Tb 0.09%, Tm 0.15%, Lu 0.08%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is 0.21%, and the balance is Al.
The invention also provides a production method of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 760-;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 767-;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 680-692 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating the die to 146-;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at the temperature of 552-;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 128-; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 167-; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 223-.
Further, the mass of the refining agent added in the step S2 is 0.18-0.23% of the mass of the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S1.
Further, the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride.
Further, in step S2, the refiner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy.
Further, the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium.
Further, the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium.
Further, the release agent in the step S4 includes the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl-chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water.
The invention also provides application of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy in manufacturing of the air inlet pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the Brinell hardness of the aluminum alloy die casting produced by the method reaches more than 80.2, the tensile strength reaches more than 230.9MPa, and the elongation reaches more than 1.2%, which shows that the aluminum alloy die casting prepared by the method has excellent comprehensive performance and can meet the requirement of producing the air inlet pipe.
(2) The high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy produced by the invention is applied to the production of the engine air inlet pipe, the thickness of the air inlet pipe is 5mm, the pressure is maintained for 5min under 0.6MPa, no leakage exists, the appearance inner cavity is flat and smooth, the casting defect is basically avoided, the application requirements are met, the yield of the air inlet pipe can reach more than 99%, the yield can reach more than 92%, and the application effect is good.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2-3.2%, Cu 0.5-1.1%, Si 1.2-2.3%, Zn 0.2-0.5%, Fe 0.3-0.7%, Mn 0.1-0.3%, Cr 0.2-0.4%, V0.08-0.12%, Mo 0.1-0.2%, Nb 0.2-0.3%, Ba 0.07-0.15%, Sc 0.1-0.13%, Pm 0.02-0.04%, Tb 0.07-0.1%, Tm 0.12-0.16%, Lu 0.05-0.09%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is not more than 0.3%, and the balance of Al.
The production method of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 760-;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S1 to 767-782 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the mass of the refining agent is 0.18-0.23% of that of the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step S1, and the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride, standing after refining, skimming the surface slag of the molten aluminum alloy, heating to 788-815 ℃, adding a refiner, barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium and lutetium, introducing argon for refining, controlling the air pressure to be 0.42-0.46Mpa, degassing for 7-10min, inspecting the components of the molten aluminum alloy after degassing, skimming the slag for the second time after the aluminum alloy is qualified to finish the refining process, wherein the refiner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy, wherein the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises, by weight, 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 680-692 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating a mold to 146-155 ℃, and spraying a release agent into a cavity of the mold, wherein the release agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water, continuously preheating the cavity of the die to 260 ℃, and injecting the aluminum alloy molten liquid cooled in the step S3 into the cavity of the die for die-casting to obtain a primary die-casting piece;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at the temperature of 552-;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 128-; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 167-; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 223-.
The following is a more specific example.
Example 1
A high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2.2%, Cu 0.6%, Si 1.2%, Zn 0.2%, Fe 0.4%, Mn 0.1%, Cr 0.2%, V0.09%, Mo 0.1%, Nb 0.2%, Ba 0.09%, Sc 0.1%, Pm 0.02%, Tb 0.08%, Tm 0.13%, Lu 0.05%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is 0.24%, and the balance is Al.
The production method of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 763 ℃, stirring to completely melt the alloy, then adding copper, aluminum-zinc alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, continuously heating to 798 ℃, and obtaining aluminum alloy melt after all alloy elements are melted;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 767 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the mass of the refining agent is 0.19% of that of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1, and the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride, standing after refining, skimming the surface slag of the molten aluminum alloy, heating to 790 ℃, adding a refiner, barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium and lutetium, introducing argon for refining, controlling the air pressure at 0.43Mpa, degassing for 10min, testing the components of the molten aluminum alloy after degassing, skimming the slag for the second time after the components are qualified, and finishing the refining process, wherein the refiner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy, wherein the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises, by weight, 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 683 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating a mould to 146 ℃, and spraying a release agent into a cavity of the mould, wherein the release agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water, continuously preheating the cavity of the die to 252 ℃, and then injecting the aluminum alloy molten liquid cooled in the step S3 into the cavity of the die for die-casting to prepare a primary die-casting piece;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at 554 ℃, wherein the quenching heat preservation time is 44min, and the standing time after quenching is 3h to prepare a die casting after quenching;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 128 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.3 h; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 169 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.5 h; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 227 ℃, the aging treatment time is 2.4h, and the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy is produced after the aging treatment.
Example 2
A high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2.8%, Cu 0.7%, Si 2%, Zn 0.4%, Fe 0.5%, Mn 0.2%, Cr 0.3%, V1%, Mo 0.12%, Nb 0.25%, Ba 0.08%, Sc 0.11%, Pm 0.03%, Tb 0.09%, Tm 0.15%, Lu 0.08%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is 0.21%, and the balance is Al.
The production method of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 768 ℃, stirring to completely melt the alloy, then adding copper, aluminum-zinc alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, continuously heating to 812 ℃, and obtaining aluminum alloy melt after all alloy elements are melted;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 780 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the mass of the refining agent is 0.2% of that of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1, and the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride, standing after refining, skimming the surface slag of the molten aluminum alloy, heating to 804 ℃, adding a refiner, barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium and lutetium, introducing argon for refining, controlling the air pressure at 0.45Mpa, degassing for 9min, testing the components of the molten aluminum alloy after degassing, skimming the slag for the second time after the components are qualified, and finishing the refining process, wherein the refiner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy, wherein the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises, by weight, 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 685 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating a mould to 152 ℃, and spraying a release agent into a cavity of the mould, wherein the release agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water, continuously preheating the cavity of the die to 255 ℃, and then injecting the aluminum alloy molten liquid cooled in the step S3 into the cavity of the die for die-casting to prepare a primary die-casting piece;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at 558 ℃, wherein the quenching heat preservation time is 43min, and the standing time after quenching is 2.7h to prepare a die casting after quenching;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 134 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.1 h; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 182 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.4 h; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 230 ℃, the aging treatment time is 2.5h, and the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy is produced after the aging treatment.
Example 3
A high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg 3%, Cu 1.1%, Si 2.1%, Zn 0.4%, Fe 0.6%, Mn 0.2%, Cr 0.4%, V0.1%, Mo 0.1%, Nb 0.2%, Ba 0.13%, Sc 0.1%, Pm 0.03%, Tb 0.08%, Tm 0.13%, Lu 0.08%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is 0.26%, and the balance is Al.
The production method of the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 771 ℃, stirring to completely melt the alloy, then adding copper, aluminum-zinc alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, aluminum-manganese alloy, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, continuously heating to 819 ℃, and obtaining aluminum alloy melt after all alloy elements are melted;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 775 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the mass of the refining agent is 0.22% of that of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1, and the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride, standing after refining, skimming surface slag of the molten aluminum alloy, heating to 798 ℃, adding a refiner, barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium and lutetium, introducing argon for refining, controlling the air pressure to be 0.45Mpa, degassing for 8min, inspecting components of the molten aluminum alloy after degassing, skimming slag for the second time after the components are inspected to be qualified, and finishing the refining process, wherein the refiner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy, wherein the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises, by weight, 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 684 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating a mould to 149 ℃, and spraying a release agent into a cavity of the mould, wherein the release agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water, continuously preheating the cavity of the die to 258 ℃, and then injecting the aluminum alloy molten liquid cooled in the step S3 into the cavity of the die for die casting to prepare a primary die casting;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at 561 ℃, keeping the quenching temperature for 43min, and standing for 2.8h after quenching to prepare a die casting after quenching;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 131 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.1 h; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 184 ℃, and the aging treatment time is 1.2 h; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 235 ℃, the aging treatment time is 2.3h, and the high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy is produced after the aging treatment.
Comparative example 1
The production method of the die-cast aluminum alloy is substantially the same as that of example 2, except that barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium, and lutetium as raw materials are not added in step S2.
Comparative example 2
The die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in comparative example 1, except that the raw material barium was added in step S2.
Comparative example 3
The die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in comparative example 1, except that the raw material scandium was added in step S2.
Comparative example 4
A die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in example 2, except that promethium was added as a raw material in step S2.
Comparative example 5
The die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in comparative example 1, except that terbium was added as the raw material in step S2.
Comparative example 6
The die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in comparative example 1 except that thulium was added as a raw material in step S2.
Comparative example 7
The die-cast aluminum alloy was produced in substantially the same manner as in comparative example 1, except that lutetium was added as a raw material in step S2.
The aluminum alloy die castings obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were tested in accordance with GB/T15114 to 2009, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results of Brinell hardness, tensile strength and elongation of aluminum alloy die castings obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7
Note: in the table, "-" indicates no detection.
As can be seen from Table 1: (1) the Brinell hardness of the aluminum alloy die casting prepared by the production method of the embodiment 1-3 reaches more than 80.2, the tensile strength reaches more than 230.9MPa, and the elongation reaches more than 1.2%, which shows that the aluminum alloy die casting prepared by the process of the invention has excellent comprehensive performance and can meet the requirement of producing the air inlet pipe. In addition, the best example is the example 2 of the present invention, combining the data of Brinell hardness, tensile strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy die castings produced by the production methods of examples 1-3.
(2) Comparing the data for brinell hardness of example 2 with comparative example 1, and comparative examples 2-7 with comparative example 1, one can obtain: example 2 is an improvement of 83.9-45.6 ═ 38.3 over comparative example 1; comparative example 2 is an improvement of 48.2-45.6 to 2.6 over comparative example 1; comparative example 3 is 49.7-45.6 ═ 4.1 over comparative example 1; comparative example 4 is 51.2-45.6 ═ 5.6 over comparative example 1; comparative example 5 is an improvement of 50.4-45.6 ═ 4.8 over comparative example 1; comparative example 6 is 53.1-45.6 ═ 7.5 over comparative example 1; comparative example 7 is an improvement of 51.9-45.6 ═ 6.3 over comparative example 1. Wherein the Brinell hardness data of comparative examples 2-7, respectively minus the Brinell hardness data of comparative example 1, add up to a value of 2.6+4.1+5.6+4.8+7.5+6.3 to 30.9, which is less than 38.3(30.9<38.3) for example 2 relative to comparative example 1 without the addition of the starting materials barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium, and lutetium; taking the values of the Brinell hardness of each set of comparative example 1 subtracted from the values of comparative examples 2 to 7, respectively, as the effect values, the effect values of barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium, and lutetium used in combination in the aluminum alloy casting were increased by 23.9% from (38.3 to 30.9) ÷ 30.9 × 100%, which is the improvement of the effect values in combination, respectively, compared to the sum of the effect values of barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium, and lutetium used alone in the aluminum alloy casting, which indicates that barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium, and lutetium produced respective synergistic effects that synergistically increased the Brinell hardness of the aluminum alloy casting, resulting in a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy, possibly because:
the barium added into the aluminum alloy can play a role in modification, can effectively refine eutectic silicon and primary crystal silicon in the alloy, and improves the Brinell hardness of the alloy; the aluminum alloy added with scandium has finer structure, can improve the ductility of the casting, and greatly improves the Brinell hardness performance; the addition of terbium can obviously refine alloy as-cast crystal grains, inhibit recrystallization to a certain extent, improve the stability of the alloy and improve the Brinell hardness of the alloy; thulium can form an intermetallic compound with aluminum, the melting point of the thulium is greatly improved, and the Brinell hardness of the alloy is improved; promethium can refine dendritic cell structure and increase recrystallization temperature; lutetium can reduce the amount of dissolved hydrogen in the aluminum alloy melt, the pinhole defect of the obtained casting is obviously improved, the hydrogen content in the aluminum alloy is reduced at any time, and the Brinell hardness of the alloy is improved. Under the mutual matching of barium, scandium, promethium, terbium, thulium and lutetium, the Brinell hardness of the aluminum alloy casting is synergistically improved.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: mg 2-3.2%, Cu 0.5-1.1%, Si 1.2-2.3%, Zn 0.2-0.5%, Fe 0.3-0.7%, Mn 0.1-0.3%, Cr 0.2-0.4%, V0.08-0.12%, Mo 0.1-0.2%, Nb 0.2-0.3%, Ba 0.07-0.15%, Sc 0.1-0.13%, Pm 0.02-0.04%, Tb 0.07-0.1%, Tm 0.12-0.16%, Lu 0.05-0.09%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is not more than 0.3%, and the balance of Al.
2. The high strength die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following components in mass%: mg 2.8%, Cu 0.7%, Si 2%, Zn 0.4%, Fe 0.5%, Mn 0.2%, Cr 0.3%, V1%, Mo 0.12%, Nb 0.25%, Ba 0.08%, Sc 0.11%, Pm 0.03%, Tb 0.09%, Tm 0.15%, Lu 0.08%, the total amount of impurity elements of other metals and nonmetals is 0.21%, and the balance is Al.
3. A high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy production method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: melting: firstly, adding aluminum, magnesium and aluminum-silicon alloy into a smelting furnace, heating to 760-;
s2: refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 767-;
s3: standing: cooling the aluminum alloy melt refined in the step S2 to 680-692 ℃;
s4: die casting: preheating the die to 146-;
s5: solution quenching treatment: quenching and heating the primary die casting prepared in the step S4 at the temperature of 552-;
s6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the die casting subjected to quenching prepared in the step (S5) into an aging furnace, and carrying out three-stage treatment, wherein the step is as follows: the aging temperature is 128-; and (2) aging a second stage: the aging temperature is 167-; and a third aging stage: the aging temperature is 223-.
4. The method of producing a high strength aluminum die casting alloy as set forth in claim 3, wherein the amount of the refining agent added in step S2 is 0.18-0.23% by mass based on the molten aluminum alloy obtained in step S1.
5. The method for producing a high strength die-cast aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium fluoride, 15 parts of graphene and 7 parts of calcium fluoride.
6. The method for producing a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refiner in the step S2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of an aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy intermediate and 5 parts of an aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy.
7. The method for producing a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the aluminum-chromium-manganese-copper-terbium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of aluminum, 3.6 parts of chromium, 5 parts of manganese, 2 parts of copper and 0.3 part of terbium.
8. The method for producing high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy according to claim 6, wherein the aluminum-vanadium-niobium-thulium alloy comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of aluminum, 3 parts of vanadium, 2 parts of niobium and 0.2 part of thulium.
9. The production method of a high-strength die-cast aluminum alloy as set forth in claim 3, wherein the mold release agent in the step S4 comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of long-alkyl-chain phenyl modified organic silicone oil, 120 parts of triolein, 20 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, 15 parts of glycerol monooleate, 5 parts of isomeric dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 910 parts of AEO and 750 parts of deionized water.
10. Use of a high strength die cast aluminium alloy produced according to the method of any one of claims 3 to 9 in the manufacture of an air inlet pipe.
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| CN105296818A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN105296818A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105543585A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-04 | 广西平果铝合金精密铸件有限公司 | Die-casting aluminum alloy used for engine body and production method of die-casting aluminum alloy |
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