CN110189853B - 一种金属复合线材 - Google Patents

一种金属复合线材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110189853B
CN110189853B CN201910449498.2A CN201910449498A CN110189853B CN 110189853 B CN110189853 B CN 110189853B CN 201910449498 A CN201910449498 A CN 201910449498A CN 110189853 B CN110189853 B CN 110189853B
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core rod
composite wire
equal
less
metal composite
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CN110189853A (zh
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谢国锋
谢亨保
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Jiangsu Guangchuan Superconducting Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Guangchuan Superconducting Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910449498.2A priority Critical patent/CN110189853B/zh
Publication of CN110189853A publication Critical patent/CN110189853A/zh
Priority to US16/886,025 priority patent/US11034133B2/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可增加铜铝结合的紧密程度的金属复合线材，包括：金属材质的芯杆，芯杆的表面设置有连续螺旋式凹槽，芯杆上包覆有导电率高于芯杆的金属包覆层，连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度≤所述金属包覆层厚度的十分之一；设：金属包覆层的厚度为t1、比重为ρ1，芯杆的直径为R，连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度为h，芯杆的比重为ρ2，则：
Figure DDA0002074687590000011
本发明所述的金属复合线材可广泛地应用于电缆导体和电缆屏蔽编织层。

Description

一种金属复合线材
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种金属复合线材，尤其涉及到一种用于电缆导体和电缆屏蔽编织层的金属复合线材。
背景技术
目前，传统的金属复合线材，是将铜带直接包覆在作为芯杆的铝杆或铝镁合金杆材上，采用氩弧焊对铜带接缝进行焊接，然后，经过多道次拉拨成所需线径的线材。众所周知，铜与铝的机械性能相差较大，虽然经过了超过80％减面率的多道次拉拔，铜带与芯线也无法达到冶金结合紧密的程度；而且，为了多次拉拔顺利，铜带需要有足够的厚度，通常情况下，铜的重量占到所述复合线材的75％以上，这样就增加了铜的用量，从而增加了生产成本，降低了产品的竞争力。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种可以增加铜铝结合的紧密程度的金属复合线材。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种金属复合线材，包括：金属材质的芯杆，芯杆的表面设置有连续螺旋式凹槽，芯杆上包覆有导电率高于芯杆的金属包覆层，所述连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度≤所述金属包覆层厚度的十分之一(10％)；
设：金属包覆层的厚度为t1、比重为ρ1，芯杆的直径为R，连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度为h，芯杆的比重为ρ2，则：
Figure GDA0002453020210000011
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，所述连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度控制在金属包覆层厚度的百分之一至二十五分之二(1～8％)之间。
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，所述的芯杆为铝合金杆，按照质量百分比计，所述的铝合金杆中含有：0.02～0.1％的硅，1.15～1.26％的铁，0.18～0.24％的铜，0.01～0.03％的钛，≤0.0025％的镁，杂质元素单个≤0.01％，杂质元素合计≤0.15％，余量为铝。
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，所述的铝合金杆中镁的含量在0.0015～0.0025％之间。
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，所述的杂质元素包括：锰、锌、镍和铬。
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，按照质量百分比计，所述锰元素的含量≤0.006％，所述锌元素的含量≤0.008％，所述镍元素的含量≤0.006％，所述铬元素的含量≤0.002％。
作为一种优选方案，在所述的金属复合线材中，所述的金属包覆层为无氧铜层、低氧铜层或铜合金层。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过在芯杆的表面设置连续螺旋式凹槽，并通过控制连续螺旋式凹槽的深度与金属包覆层的厚度之间的关系，使得金属包覆层与铝的结合更加紧密，形成的复合线材的拉拔也更加顺利，而且，当该金属复合线材拉拔到较细线径时，这些凹槽可以忽略不计，使得整个线材比较圆整，同时，这种微观结构又可使得最终得到的复合线材具备良好的高频信号传导性能和传输电力的功能；此外，金属包覆层的用量更加合理(控制在20～70％之间)，从而降低了成本；另外，本发明还通过采用铝合金作为芯杆，并通过控制其中的微量元素以及杂质元素的含量，提高了最终形成的复合线材的导电性能和抗拉强度。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述金属复合线材的截面结构示意图。
图1中的附图标记为：1、铝合金芯杆，11、连续螺旋式凹槽，2、无氧铜层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，以铜包铝合金为例详细描述本发明所述的一种金属复合线材的具体实施方案：
如图1所示，本发明所述的金属复合线材，包括：铝合金芯杆1，铝合金芯杆1的表面设置有连续螺旋式凹槽11，铝合金芯杆1上包覆有作为导电率高于铝合金芯杆1的金属包覆层的无氧铜层2，所述连续螺旋式凹槽11的平均深度≤无氧铜层2厚度的十分之一(10％)、最好控制在(1～8％)之间；
设：无氧铜层2的厚度为t1、比重为ρ1，铝合金芯杆1的直径为R，连续螺旋式凹槽11的平均深度为h，铝合金芯杆1的比重为ρ2，则：
Figure GDA0002453020210000031
按照质量百分比计，所述的铝合金芯杆1中含有：0.02～0.1％的硅，1.15～1.26％的铁，0.18～0.24％的铜，0.01～0.03％的钛，0.0015～0.0025％的镁，以及合计≤0.15％的杂质元素，并且，杂质元素单个≤0.01％，余量为铝。
在实际应用时，所述的杂质元素通常包括：锰、锌、镍和铬，其中，锰元素的含量≤0.006％，锌元素的含量≤0.008％，镍元素的含量≤0.006％，铬元素的含量≤0.002％。所述的金属包覆层还可以是低氧铜层或铜合金层。
上述的铝合金芯杆1的抗拉强度、伸长率和电阻率见下表：
Figure GDA0002453020210000032
Figure GDA0002453020210000041
由上表可知，所述铝合金芯杆1的性能完全达到用于制作铜包铝合金等复合线材的要求。
综上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用来限定本发明实施的范围，凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造、特征及精神所作的等同变化与修饰，均应包括在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种金属复合线材，包括：金属材质的芯杆，其特征在于：所述芯杆的表面设置有连续螺旋式凹槽，芯杆上包覆有导电率高于芯杆的金属包覆层，所述连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度≤所述金属包覆层厚度的十分之一；
设：金属包覆层的厚度为t1、比重为ρ1，芯杆的直径为R，连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度为h，芯杆的比重为ρ2，则：
Figure FDA0002453020200000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：所述连续螺旋式凹槽的平均深度控制在所述金属包覆层厚度的百分之一至二十五分之二之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：所述的芯杆为铝合金杆，按照质量百分比计，所述的铝合金杆中含有：0.02～0.1％的硅，1.15～1.26％的铁，0.18～0.24％的铜，0.01～0.03％的钛，≤0.0025％的镁，杂质元素单个≤0.01％，杂质元素合计≤0.15％，余量为铝。
4.根据权利要求3所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：所述的铝合金杆中镁的含量在0.0015～0.0025％之间。
5.根据权利要求3所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：所述的杂质元素包括：锰、锌、镍和铬。
6.根据权利要求5所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：按照质量百分比计，所述锰元素的含量≤0.006％，所述锌元素的含量≤0.008％，所述镍元素的含量≤0.006％，所述铬元素的含量≤0.002％。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的金属复合线材，其特征在于：所述的金属包覆层为无氧铜层、低氧铜层或铜合金层。
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