CN110186052A - Cool waste gasification and melting processing system and its method in movable small - Google Patents
Cool waste gasification and melting processing system and its method in movable small Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186052A CN110186052A CN201910391944.9A CN201910391944A CN110186052A CN 110186052 A CN110186052 A CN 110186052A CN 201910391944 A CN201910391944 A CN 201910391944A CN 110186052 A CN110186052 A CN 110186052A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009272 plasma gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000738 capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses cool waste gasification and melting processing system and its methods in a kind of movable small, include crusher, pneumatic diaphragm pump, plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver, combustion chamber, level-one direct heat exchanger, ceramic filter, second level direct heat exchanger, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter, chimney and mobile device.Waste is delivered in plasma gasification melting furnace after pre-treatment, it is generated after synthesis gas enters the decomposition of combustion chamber full combustion after gasification zone progress gasification reaction in furnace and is sent into system for cleaning fume, lime-ash enters melting zone and carries out vitrifying melt process, it is fixed on radionuclide in melten glass body, vitreum after receiving system barrelling storage automatically after cooling by sending middle low-level waste landfill yard near surface to fill.Volume reduction effect of the present invention is good, high safety and reliability, nucleic stability is good, system process integrated level is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification and melting processing system and its method, low-activity in especially a kind of movable small
Waste gasification molten processing system and its method.
Background technique
Nuclear facilities generates a few tons of low medium level waste every year, and solid waste uses the place of super compression+cement solidification
Reason mode, liquid wastes are finally fitted into 200L steel drum and are stored using evaporation+cement solidification technology path processing.Although cement
Curing technology can accomplish harmless treatment to radioactive waste, subtract although super compressor further compresses waste
Hold, but cement solidification is capacity increasing technique, marine nuclear facilities space is limited, and increase-volume handles low medium level waste and increases temporary pressure
Power, and cannot fundamentally solve the problems, such as that waste Radionuclide is leached and spread.Although low-level waste is to can in incineration method processing
Combustion waste has the significant volume reduction effect of comparison, but generated dioxin contamination problem is always to close by people in burning process
The focus of note.And a large amount of flue gas is generated due to burning, the burden and cost of vent gas treatment are not only increased, and easily cause
Radionuclide is further spread with flue gas, is unfavorable for trapping and control to radionuclide, lime-ash caused by incineration method
It cannot be melted, can not trap and solidify has serious contaminating radioactivity nucleic and other heavy metals to environment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide at cool waste gasification and melting in a kind of movable small
System and method are managed, volume reduction degree is high.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
Cool waste gasification and melting processing system in a kind of movable small, it is characterised in that: comprising crusher, pneumatically every
Membrane pump, plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver, combustion chamber, level-one direct heat exchanger, ceramic filter, two
Grade direct heat exchanger, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter, chimney and mobile device, crusher discharging
Mouth is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma gasification melting furnace feed inlet, and the output end of pneumatic diaphragm pump passes through pipeline
It is connect with the feed inlet of plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver is arranged under plasma gasification melting furnace
Lime-ash outlet is held, the syngas outlet of plasma gasification melting furnace is connect by pipeline with combustion chamber import, combustor exit
It is connect by pipeline with level-one direct heat exchanger entrance, the outlet of level-one direct heat exchanger is connected by pipeline and ceramic filter entrance
It connects, ceramic filter outlet is connected by second level direct heat exchanger entrance, and the outlet of second level direct heat exchanger passes through pipeline and activity
The connection of charcoal adsorption column inlet, activated carbon adsorber outlet are connect by pipeline with depickling washing tower inlet, the outlet of depickling scrubbing tower
It is connect by pipeline with high efficiency particle air filter entrance, high efficiency particle air filter outlet is connect with chimney, crusher, pneumatic diaphragm
Pump, plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver, combustion chamber, level-one direct heat exchanger, ceramic filter, second level
Direct heat exchanger, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter and chimney setting are on the mobile apparatus.
Further, the plasma gasification melting furnace includes bell and shaft, and bell be located in shaft upper end, bell
On be provided with the solid waste feed inlet and liquid wastes feed inlet being connected to burner hearth, be provided with heat-insulation and heat-preservation on shaft inner wall
Layer, it is provided with air introduction hole on the side wall of shaft side, syngas outlet, setting in shaft are provided on the side wall of the shaft other side
There is fire grate, fire grate is horizontally disposed with and is fixed on the downside of the gasification zone that burner hearth is divided on the upside of fire grate on shaft inner wall and fire grate
Melting zone, melting zone lower end are provided with molten bath crucible, and two thermal plasma torch, molten bath the lower end of the crucible are provided in the crucible of molten bath
It is provided with and discharge through-hole perforative on the outside of shaft.
Further, it is additionally provided on the bell and observes and measures window.
Further, feeding warehouse and control valve are provided on the solid waste feed inlet, feeding warehouse is round funnel
And feeding warehouse lower end is fixedly connected with solid waste feed inlet upper end, and control valve setting is thrown in feeding warehouse lower end for controlling
Doses.
Further, described thermal plasma torch one end passes through shaft side wall on the outside of shaft and is arranged in the crucible of molten bath,
Two thermal plasma torch are symmetricly set on shaft two sides.
Further, induction coil is furnished with around the discharge through-hole, thermal valve is through shaft lower end and is circumferentially positioned at
On the outside of discharge through-hole and induction coil.
Cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in a kind of movable small, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection are sent into plasma gasification by shaftless screw feeder after crusher crushes and are melted
Melt furnace, low middle radioactive liquid waste is pumped into plasma gasification melting furnace by pneumatic diaphragm；
Step 2: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection and low middle radioactive liquid waste enter gasification in plasma gasification melting furnace
Area occurs gasification reaction under the conditions of 1000-1200 DEG C and forms synthesis gas and lime-ash；
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber through air-introduced machine and carries out burning processing, forms innoxious micro-molecular gas；
Step 4: the melting zone that lime-ash is fallen into plasma gasification melting furnace is melted, and is caught under the conditions of 1200-1400 DEG C
Collect and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generate innoxious melten glass body, is deposited after cooling in the sealing of 200L concrete steel drum
Storage；
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas that step 3 generates is sent into subsequent system for cleaning fume processing, discharges after up to standard.
Further, the step 5 be specially from combustion chamber come out high-temperature flue gas by directly exchange heat with cold air by
Temperature is down to 700 DEG C, then carries out depth trapping to particulate matter by three-level High Temperature Ceramic Filter, the flue gas after dedusting is again
It exchanges heat with cold air, activated carbon adsorption device is entered after flue-gas temperature is quenched to 200 ± 20 DEG C by excessive air
The removing of gaseous radioactivity nucleic is carried out, the acidic materials in flue gas are handled subsequently into deacidification system, are then utilized
HEPA high efficiency particle air filter carries out intercept process again to the fine solid particle in flue gas, and last flue gas is sent by air-introduced machine
Chimney is discharged in atmosphere.
Further, the flying dust generated in the step 5 is unified after collecting to be sent at plasma gasification melting furnace
Reason.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect: the present invention utilizes thermal plasma energy density
Height, the characteristics of can handling dystectic waste, carry out in gasification zone the synthesis formed after gasification reaction to low medium level waste
Pneumatic transmission enters to carry out burning in combustion chamber and forms small molecule innocuous substance, and the lime-ash and vitreum forming agent of generation are carried out in melting zone
Melting, radionuclide is stably fixed in melten glass body, and the purified processing of the flue gas of generation meets air quality mark
Quasi- emission request.Radwastes treatment storage is greatly decreased in the volume reduction ratio that 95% or more can be reached compared with the prior art
Space handles radioactive waste using plasma gasification melting furnace, effectively reduces processing cost and risk, and convenient for flexible
Control monitoring.Good, high safety and reliability that the present invention provides a kind of volume reduction effects, nucleic stability is good, system process integrated level
It is useless to meet the low middle solid radiation of country's processing for the system and method for the low middle radioactive solid waste of high environmentally friendly processing
The processing standard of object achievees the purpose that the minimum and stabilization processes of low medium level waste.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the catenation principle figure of cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of plasma gasification melting furnace of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in movable small of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, following embodiment be explanation of the invention and
The invention is not limited to following embodiments.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, cool waste gasification and melting processing system in a kind of movable small of the invention, packet
It is direct containing crusher 1, pneumatic diaphragm pump 2, plasma gasification melting furnace 3, melten glass body receiver 4, combustion chamber 5, level-one
Heat exchanger 6, ceramic filter 7, second level direct heat exchanger 8, activated carbon adsorber 9, depickling scrubbing tower 10, high efficiency particle air filter
11, chimney 12 and mobile device 13,1 discharge port of crusher by shaftless screw feeder and plasma gasification melting furnace 3 into
The output end of material mouth connection, pneumatic diaphragm pump 2 is connect by pipeline with the feed inlet of plasma gasification melting furnace 3, and glass is melted
The lower end lime-ash outlet of plasma gasification melting furnace 3, the synthesis of plasma gasification melting furnace 3 is arranged in glass body receiver 4
Gas outlet is connect by pipeline with 5 import of combustion chamber, and the outlet of combustion chamber 5 is connect by pipeline with 6 entrance of level-one direct heat exchanger,
The outlet of level-one direct heat exchanger 6 is connect by pipeline with 7 entrance of ceramic filter, and the outlet of ceramic filter 7 is direct by second level
The connection of 8 entrance of heat exchanger, the outlet of second level direct heat exchanger 8 are connect by pipeline with 9 entrance of activated carbon adsorber, activated carbon adsorption
The outlet of tower 9 is connect by pipeline with 10 entrance of depickling scrubbing tower, and the outlet of depickling scrubbing tower 10 passes through pipeline and high-efficiency air filtering
The connection of 11 entrance of device, the outlet of high efficiency particle air filter 11 are connect with chimney 12, crusher 1, pneumatic diaphragm pump 2, plasma gas
Change melting furnace 3, melten glass body receiver 4, combustion chamber 5, level-one direct heat exchanger 6, ceramic filter 7, second level directly exchange heat
Device 8, activated carbon adsorber 9, depickling scrubbing tower 10, high efficiency particle air filter 11 and chimney 12 are arranged in mobile device 13.
Crusher 1 is sent into shaftless screw feeder after being crushed to a certain size for being crushed to solid waste.It is shaftless
Screw-feeder sealing operation, design have the characteristics that explosion-proof, anti-clogging, resistant to high temperature, by broken waste feeding plasma
Body melting furnace 3.Pneumatic diaphragm pump 2 is used for directly by radioactive liquid waste delivery to plasma gasification melting furnace 3.Deng
The feeding device connected above gas ions melting furnace feed inlet includes connected feeding warehouse, and is equipped with corresponding control valve.
As shown in figure 3, plasma gasification melting furnace 3 includes bell 301 and shaft 302, bell 301 be located in shaft
302 upper ends are provided with the solid waste feed inlet 303 being connected to burner hearth, liquid wastes feed inlet 304 and observation on bell 301
Measurement window 305, feeding warehouse 305 and control valve 306 are provided on solid waste feed inlet 303, and feeding warehouse 305 is round leakage
It struggles against and 305 lower end of feeding warehouse is fixedly connected with 303 upper end of solid waste feed inlet, control valve 306 is arranged in feeding warehouse 305
Lower end is for controlling inventory.
It is provided with insulating 311 on 302 inner wall of shaft, is provided with air introduction hole on 302 side side wall of shaft
308, syngas outlet 309 is provided on 302 other side side wall of shaft, fire grate 312 is provided in shaft 302, and fire grate 312 is horizontal
It is arranged and is fixed on 302 inner wall of shaft and burner hearth is divided into the gasification zone 310 on the upside of fire grate and the melting zone on the downside of fire grate
313,313 lower end of melting zone is provided with molten bath crucible 314, and molten bath crucible 314 is arranged in shaft lower end center and uses
Refractory material is made, and two thermal plasma torch 315 is provided in molten bath crucible 314, crucible 314 lower end in molten bath is provided with and shaft
The 302 perforative discharge through-holes 316 in outside.315 one end of thermal plasma torch passes through the setting of 302 side wall of shaft molten on the outside of shaft
In pond crucible 314, two thermal plasma torch 315 are symmetricly set on 302 two sides of shaft.Induction is furnished with around discharge through-hole 316
Coil 318, thermal valve 317 is through 302 lower end of shaft and is circumferentially positioned at 318 outside of discharge through-hole 316 and induction coil.Pass through
Intermediate frequency power supply induction heating controls thermal valve 317 and opens and closes, and 317 lower end of thermal valve is used for melten glass body receiver 4 is connected to
It carries melten glass body and transports between storing.
Thermal plasma torch 315 is untransferable arc direct-current plasma torch, using nitrogen, air as plasma operation
Medium.Direct-current plasma torch is distributed in plasma gasification melting furnace molten bath crucible upper side, axial direction and furnace body
Central axis at the angle less than 90 °, the use number of direct-current plasma torch is 2, respectively external plasma control electricity
Source.The axial direction of plasma gasification melting furnace is furnished with monitoring of multiple thermocouples for Axial Temperature Distribution in burner hearth.Thermal valve 317
Discharge through-hole use high power graphite, be around furnished with induction coil, external intermediate frequency power supply.
Plasma gasification melting furnace in this system is full sealing apparatus, is run under tiny structure working condition, system
Device overall process automatically controls operation.Handled low medium level waste is anti-in the gasification zone of plasma gasification melting furnace
It answers, the synthesis gas for reacting generation is sent into combustion chamber, and the lime-ash and vitreum forming agent of generation are in melting zone through hot plasma height
Radionuclide, heavy metal or extremely low molten of other poisonous and harmful substances, leaching rate can effectively be trapped by generating after warm melt process
Melt vitreum.
Cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in a kind of movable small comprising the steps of:
Step 1: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection are sent into plasma gasification by shaftless screw feeder after crusher crushes and are melted
Melt furnace, low middle radioactive liquid waste is pumped into plasma gasification melting furnace by pneumatic diaphragm；
Step 2: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection and low middle radioactive liquid waste enter gasification in plasma gasification melting furnace
Area occurs gasification reaction under the conditions of 1000-1200 DEG C and forms synthesis gas and lime-ash；
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber through air-introduced machine and carries out burning processing, forms innoxious micro-molecular gas,
The processing of plasma gasification melting furnace is returned to after ash collection；
Step 4: the melting zone that lime-ash is fallen into plasma gasification melting furnace is melted, and is caught under the conditions of 1200-1400 DEG C
Collect and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generate innoxious melten glass body, is deposited after cooling in the sealing of 200L concrete steel drum
Storage；
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas that step 3 generates is sent into subsequent system for cleaning fume processing, discharges after up to standard.It generates
Flying dust is unified after collecting to be sent into the processing of plasma gasification melting furnace.
The high-temperature flue gas come out from combustion chamber cools the temperature to 700 DEG C by directly exchanging heat with cold air, then passes through three
Grade High Temperature Ceramic Filter carries out depth trapping to particulate matter, and the flue gas after dedusting exchanges heat with cold air again, passed through
The air of amount enters activated carbon adsorption device after flue-gas temperature is quenched to 200 ± 20 DEG C and carries out the removing of gaseous radioactivity nucleic,
The acidic materials in flue gas are handled subsequently into deacidification system, then using HEPA high efficiency particle air filter in flue gas
Fine solid particle carry out intercept process again, last flue gas is discharged in atmosphere by air-introduced machine feeding chimney.
This method whole process uses automatic operation, and the received device of melting solid waste vitreum of generation connects sample generation
It is fitted into 200L concrete steel drum and is stored after vitreum is cooling, the exhaust gas of generation meets atmosphere pollution through CEMS on-line monitoring
Atmosphere is emitted into after object comprehensive discharge standard, the waste water in whole flow process meets nuclear power plant's radiation protection regulation qualified discharge.
The characteristics of present invention is high using thermal plasma energy density, can handle dystectic waste, to low middle radioactivity
Waste carries out burn in the synthesis gas formed after gasification reaction feeding combustion chamber forming small molecule innocuous substance in gasification zone,
The lime-ash of generation is melted with vitreum forming agent in melting zone, and radionuclide is stably fixed to melten glass body
In, the flue gas of generation is purified to handle the emission request for meeting air quality standard.Can reach compared with the prior art 95% with
On volume reduction ratio, Radwastes treatment memory space is greatly decreased, utilize plasma gasification melting furnace handle Spent Radioactive
Object effectively reduces processing cost and risk, and convenient for flexibly control monitoring.Good, peace that the present invention provides a kind of volume reduction effects
Full high reliablity, the low middle radioactive solid waste of environmentally friendly processing that nucleic stability is good, system process integrated level is high
System and method meets the processing standard that country handles low middle radioactive solid waste, reaches the minimum of low medium level waste
Change the purpose with stabilization processes.
Above content is only illustrations made for the present invention described in this specification.Technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in field can do various modifications or supplement or is substituted in a similar manner to described specific embodiment, only
It should belong to guarantor of the invention without departing from the content or beyond the scope defined by this claim of description of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (9)
1. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in a kind of movable small, it is characterised in that: comprising crusher, pneumatically
Diaphragm pump, plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver, combustion chamber, level-one direct heat exchanger, ceramic filter,
Second level direct heat exchanger, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter, chimney and mobile device, crusher go out
Material mouth is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma gasification melting furnace feed inlet, and the output end of pneumatic diaphragm pump passes through pipe
Road is connect with the feed inlet of plasma gasification melting furnace, and plasma gasification melting furnace is arranged in melten glass body receiver
The syngas outlet of the outlet of lower end lime-ash, plasma gasification melting furnace is connect by pipeline with combustion chamber import, and combustion chamber goes out
Mouth is connect by pipeline with level-one direct heat exchanger entrance, and the outlet of level-one direct heat exchanger passes through pipeline and ceramic filter entrance
Connection, ceramic filter outlet are connected by second level direct heat exchanger entrance, and the outlet of second level direct heat exchanger passes through pipeline and work
Property the connection of charcoal adsorption column inlet, activated carbon adsorber outlet connect by pipeline with depickling washing tower inlet, and depickling scrubbing tower goes out
Mouthful connect with high efficiency particle air filter entrance by pipeline, high efficiency particle air filter is exported and is connect with chimney, crusher, pneumatically every
Membrane pump, plasma gasification melting furnace, melten glass body receiver, combustion chamber, level-one direct heat exchanger, ceramic filter, two
Grade direct heat exchanger, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter and chimney are respectively provided on the mobile apparatus.
2. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The plasma gasification melting furnace includes bell and shaft, and bell be located in shaft upper end, is provided on bell and connects with burner hearth
Logical solid waste feed inlet and liquid wastes feed inlet, is provided with insulating on shaft inner wall, on the side wall of shaft side
It is provided with air introduction hole, syngas outlet is provided on the side wall of the shaft other side, fire grate is provided in shaft, fire grate level is set
The melting zone set and be fixed on the downside of the gasification zone that burner hearth is divided on the upside of fire grate on shaft inner wall and fire grate, melting zone lower end
It is provided with molten bath crucible, two thermal plasma torch are provided in the crucible of molten bath, molten bath the lower end of the crucible is provided with and passes through on the outside of shaft
The discharge through-hole worn.
3. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
It is additionally provided on the bell and observes and measures window.
4. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Feeding warehouse and control valve are provided on the solid waste feed inlet, feeding warehouse is for round funnel and feeding warehouse lower end and admittedly
Body feeds waste mouth upper end is fixedly connected, and control valve setting is in feeding warehouse lower end for controlling inventory.
5. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described thermal plasma torch one end passes through shaft side wall on the outside of shaft and is arranged in the crucible of molten bath, two thermal plasma torch pair
Claim to be arranged in shaft two sides.
6. cool waste gasification and melting processing system in movable small according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Induction coil is furnished with around the discharge through-hole, thermal valve is through shaft lower end and is circumferentially positioned at discharge through-hole and induction coil
Outside.
7. cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in a kind of movable small, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection are sent into plasma gasification by shaftless screw feeder after crusher crushes and are melted
Melt furnace, low middle radioactive liquid waste is pumped into plasma gasification melting furnace by pneumatic diaphragm；
Step 2: low middle radioactivity appliances for labor protection and low middle radioactive liquid waste enter gasification in plasma gasification melting furnace
Area occurs gasification reaction under the conditions of 1000-1200 DEG C and forms synthesis gas and lime-ash；
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber through air-introduced machine and carries out burning processing, forms innoxious micro-molecular gas；
Step 4: the melting zone that lime-ash is fallen into plasma gasification melting furnace is melted, and is caught under the conditions of 1200-1400 DEG C
Collect and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generate innoxious melten glass body, is deposited after cooling in the sealing of 200L concrete steel drum
Storage；
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas that step 3 generates is sent into subsequent system for cleaning fume processing, discharges after up to standard.
8. cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in movable small according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The step 5 is specially to cool the temperature to 700 DEG C by directly exchanging heat with cold air from the high-temperature flue gas that combustion chamber comes out, so
Depth trapping is carried out to particulate matter by three-level High Temperature Ceramic Filter afterwards, the flue gas after dedusting is changed with cold air again
Heat enters activated carbon adsorption device and carries out gaseous radioactivity after flue-gas temperature is quenched to 200 ± 20 DEG C by excessive air
Nucleic removing, is handled the acidic materials in flue gas subsequently into deacidification system, then utilizes HEPA high-efficiency air filtering
Device carries out intercept process again to the fine solid particle in flue gas, and last flue gas is sent into chimney by air-introduced machine and is discharged in atmosphere.
9. cool waste gasifying and melting process for the treatment of in movable small according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The flying dust generated in the step 5 is unified after collecting to be sent into the processing of plasma gasification melting furnace.
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| CN201910391944.9A CN110186052A (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Cool waste gasification and melting processing system and its method in movable small |
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