CN209263040U - A kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of waste incineration - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control systems of waste incineration, its key points of the technical solution are that: including connecting the bag filter for flue gas to be filtered with cyclone dust collectors, the activated carbon eductor for spraying active carbon is provided on the pipeline connected between the bag filter and cyclone dust collectors, the activated carbon eductor includes major trunk roads and walking feeding tube, the material bin being connected to walking feeding tube is provided in the walking feeding tube, flow switch is provided between the bottom and material bin of the holding vessel, the activated carbon eductor that bag filter front end is arranged in carries out active carbon injection to bag filter, the setting of flow switch can control the quantity for entering active carbon in storage tank into activated carbon eductor, and then guarantee that active carbon enters the controllable quantity in bag filter.

Description

A kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of waste incineration

Technical field

The utility model relates to field of waste incineration, in particular to the active carbon discharge rate of a kind of waste incineration automatically controls system System.

Background technique

Waste incineration passes through the reactions such as thermal decomposition appropriate, burning, melting, carries out rubbish by the oxidation under high temperature Volume reduction becomes the process of residue or molten solids substance.

Waste incineration facility must be equipped with fume treatment facility, and heavy metal, organic pollutant etc. is prevented to be discharged into ring again In the medium of border.The heat that waste incineration generates is recycled, can reach the purpose of waste resource recovery.

Waste incineration is a kind of method of more ancient traditional processing rubbish, after being handled due to rubbish with incineration method, is subtracted Quantification effect is significant, saves land used, can also eliminate various pathogen, convert harmless object for poisonous and harmful substance, therefore rubbish is burnt Burning method has become one of main method for the treatment of of urban garbage.Modern waste incinerator is all furnished with good clarifying smoke dress It sets, mitigates the pollution to atmosphere.

Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese patent of CN2926833 discloses a kind of system equipment of medical refuse burning technique, Suitable for all kinds of medical wastes high temperature incineration handle, system equipment include feeding mechanism, incinerator, waste heat boiler, chilling tower, Flue gas purification device, it is characterised in that: turnover box automatic turning charging of the feeding mechanism using storage rubbish, incinerator Using rotary kiln, fire grate and dual firing chamber's combined type incinerator, waste heat boiler generates steam, and high-temperature flue gas is set by chilling tower There are the semi-dry desulphurization reactor and bag filter of gas cleaning processing qualified discharge.Above-mentioned refuse burning system equipment is real Recycling, minimizing and the harmless treatment for having showed medical waste usually also need to remove cloth bag during waste incineration Active carbon is sprayed in dirt device, but in actual production process, the quantity of active carbon injection is difficult to control, this results in active carbon Injection quantity is excessive or very few, and the quantity for spraying active carbon excessively will lead to most of active carbon and slattern, and eject Active carbon is less to will lead to the incomplete of exhaust-gas treatment, can be discharged into toxic gas in atmosphere, and active charcoal spray in industry The standard quantitative penetrated.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control systems of waste incineration, its advantage is that energy The enough quantity for automatically controlling injection active carbon.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the utility model has the technical scheme that a kind of work of waste incineration Property charcoal discharge rate automatic control system, including for being sent into rubbish feed space, be connected to feed space for rubbish primary combustion Rotary kiln is connected to two burners for carrying out second-time burning to rubbish with rotary kiln, is arranged in two burners for two burners The auxiliary burner that is inside heated, be arranged in below two burners for the cold slag deslagging device of separating of garbage residue, with two combustions Temperature-reducing tower that flue gas of the furnace connection for generating incineration of waste is tentatively cooled down connect with temperature-reducing tower and is used for flue gas progress The air type heat exchanger of heat exchange and connect with air type heat exchanger for by flue gas carry out quenching processing chilling tower, It is characterized in: further includes the bag filter being connect with chilling tower for flue gas to be filtered, the bag filter and chilling The activated carbon eductor for spraying active carbon is provided on the pipeline connected between tower, the activated carbon eductor includes trunk Road and walking feeding tube, are provided with the material bin being connected to walking feeding tube in the walking feeding tube, the bottom of the holding vessel and material bin it Between be provided with flow switch.

Through the above technical solutions, rubbish is entered by feed space carries out primary combustion in rotary kiln, and enter two burners Interior completion second-time burning enters in bag filter in turn, and the activated carbon eductor that bag filter front end is arranged in removes cloth bag Dirt device carries out active carbon injection, and active carbon is constantly injected in bag filter, and completion remains flue dust in bag filter The toxic gases such as dioxin adsorbed, the setting of above-mentioned flow switch can control in storage tank to activated carbon eductor The interior quantity into active carbon, and then guarantee that active carbon enters the controllable quantity in bag filter, prevent active carbon from entering cloth Specific discharge in bag dust collector is very few and causes the pernicious gas of flue dust that cannot effectively adsorb；Prevent active carbon from entering cloth The case where specific discharge in bag dust collector excessively causes active carbon to waste appearance.

The utility model is further arranged to: it further include the flow control system for controlling flow switch rotational angle, The flow control system includes pressure detecting module: being arranged between holding vessel and material bin active in holding vessel for detecting Charcoal weight and output pressure signal；Several base modules: when being preset with different time in holding vessel active carbon weight basis It is worth simultaneously outputting reference signal；Processing module: pressure detecting module and base modules are coupled to, for receiving pressure signal and benchmark Signal simultaneously exports amplified signal when pressure signal is greater than reference signal, and when pressure signal is less than reference signal, letter is reduced in output Number；Several the first time switch modules: being arranged between processing module and several base modules, for timing controlled and not It is connected to comparison module；Flow-control module: the flow switch including being coupled to processing module is preset in the flow switch Openings of sizes is adjusted, the flow switch adjusts opening when receiving amplified signal and opens default size, the flow switch Opening is adjusted when receiving and reducing module closes default size.

Through the above technical solutions, pressure sensor carries out pressure detecting to bag filter, as soon as every time point, There is the base modules conducting at the corresponding time point, i.e. time switch is closed, when the pressure for sometime putting holding vessel is greater than this Between when putting preset pressure value, it was demonstrated that the active carbon that should be sprayed in previous time period is very few, at this point, control flow switch opens Predetermined angle increases the active carbon injection in the following period, when the pressure for sometime putting holding vessel is pre- less than the time point If pressure value when, it was demonstrated that should the active carbon that be sprayed in previous time period it is excessive, at this point, control flow switch closes preset angle Degree reduces the active carbon injection in the following period, can be completed by the weighing to holding vessel and subtract to active carbon in holding vessel Few measurement, that is, the measurement of the active carbon ejected, because charcoal active in industry sprays standard, then to active carbon in a period of time The amount of injection carries out the setting of preset value by base modules, by the comparison to preset value and detected value, controls flow switch The size of folding is completed to complete to work the automatic control of active carbon injection quantity by relatively simple circuit and structure Property charcoal quantity automatic control, completion timing adjust active carbon output quantity, have the advantages of simple structure and easy realization, and cost of implementation is lower.

The utility model is further arranged to: the processing module includes being coupled to base modules and pressure detecting module Comparator and the single-chip microcontroller for being connected to comparator output terminal.

Through the above technical solutions, comparator can export high level and low level so that control single chip computer export it is different Signal, and then complete the size to flow switch according to different signal control flows.

The utility model is further arranged to: the base modules include first point be series between power supply VCC and ground Piezoresistance R1, the second divider resistance R2 and slide rheostat RP1.

Through the above technical solutions, above-mentioned the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance and slide rheostat form one Bleeder circuit can export a stable electric signal, while adjusting slide rheostat and can change a reference value, realize multiple bases Quasi-mode block only needs identical circuit, it is only necessary to which the resistance value for changing slide rheostat is simple to manufacture, and saves cost.

The utility model is further arranged to: the time switch of time switch selection model SX102T.

Through the above technical solutions, the time switch of selection model SX102T is primarily due to the time switch energy of the model Enough accurate timing, while cost is lower, small volume, it is easy to accomplish.

The utility model is further arranged to: the flow switch selects the flow switch of model GS011-16.

Through the above technical solutions, the flow switch bore of model GS011-16 is larger, and flow control is relatively stable, than Relatively meet the requirement of active carbon injection, and cost is lower is easily achieved.

The utility model is further arranged to: the bottom of the bag filter is provided with for active carbon to be blown to cloth bag The blowing device at the top of deduster.

Through the above technical solutions, the blowing device is removed for the active carbon in bag filter to be constantly blown to cloth bag The top of dirt device and because of gravity fall, such process can be realized to the continuous reciprocation cycle of active carbon, better with flue gas Contact preferably absorbs the pernicious gases such as the dioxin in bag filter, while can guarantee that active carbon is substantially used.

The utility model is further arranged to: the activated carbon eductor selects the active carbon injection of model PSC200 Device.

Through the above technical solutions, the jeting effect of the activated carbon eductor of model PSC200 is preferable, and can cooperate Flow switch is installed, and cost is told somebody what one's real intentions are, and has saved manufacturing cost.

In conclusion the utility model has the following beneficial effects: rubbish is entered by feed space carries out one in rotary kiln Secondary burning, and enter in two burners and complete second-time burning and then enter in bag filter, bag filter front end is set Activated carbon eductor carries out active carbon injection to bag filter, and active carbon is constantly injected in bag filter, completion pair The toxic gases such as remaining dioxin of flue dust are adsorbed in bag filter, and the setting of above-mentioned flow switch can control storage Enter the quantity of active carbon in batch can into activated carbon eductor, and then guaranteeing that active carbon enters the quantity in bag filter can Control, the specific discharge for preventing active carbon from entering in bag filter is very few and causes the pernicious gas of flue dust that cannot effectively inhale It is attached；The case where specific discharge for preventing active carbon from entering in bag filter excessively causes active carbon to waste appearance, and it is real simultaneously Now automatically control the flow of the active carbon of injection.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the overall system diagram of the present embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that active carbon injection is embodied in the present embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the system block diagram that active carbon control injection is embodied in the present embodiment.

In figure, 11, feed space；12, rotary kiln；13, two burner；131, auxiliary burner；14, cold slag deslagging device；15, Temperature-reducing tower；16, chilling tower；2, bag filter；21, blowing device；3, holding vessel；4, activated carbon eductor；5, material bin； 61, pressure detecting module；62, base modules；63, time switch module；64, processing module；65, flow-control module；7, it flows Amount switch.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.The wherein identical attached drawing of identical components Label indicates.It should be noted that word "front", "rear" used in the following description, "left", "right", "up" and "down" refer to It is the direction in attached drawing, word " bottom surface " and " top surface ", "inner" and "outside" are referred respectively to towards or away from particular elements geometry The direction at center.

Embodiment: a kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of waste incineration, as shown in Figure 1, the entirety of waste incineration System respectively include feed space 11, rotary kiln 12, two burners 13, auxiliary burner 131, cold slag deslagging device 14, for air inducing system System, above-mentioned feed space 11 are that solid-liquid gives up into the transition region of kiln, including enters kiln contact equipped with solid-liquid waste material, and point fire-fighting combustion chamber is seen The devices such as fire hole, thermocouple, pressure difference transmitter and maintenance door, the feed space 11 are set for the processing after being delivered to rubbish It is standby interior.Rotary kiln 12 is connected with feed space 11, and above-mentioned rotary kiln 12 is then by the components group such as kiln body, bearing, transmission, sealing At.Rotary kiln 12 is oblique when installing, and outsourcing supports rolling ring and resilient connection gear wheel is used for the rotation of rotary kiln 12, due to Rotary kiln 12 is used for high temperature borning away refuse, so build composite fire thermal insulation material in rotary kiln 12, in order to keep the temperature and personal, Again since the quality of rubbish is different, the corrosivity of some rubbish is stronger, so according to different operating condition and level, using silicic acid The kiln body of the different materials such as salt, high alumina and corundum brick, rotary kiln 12 carries out frequency control according to the different of rubbish type.Two burners 13 connect with rotary kiln 12, reach standard requirements in two burners 13 in order to ensure material burns the flue gas generated, i.e. material is burnt It burns the flue gas generated to continue to be heated up to 1100 DEG C in two burners 13, can be reached using the auxiliary burner 131 of automatic control Above-mentioned requirements.Thermocouple is additionally provided with for controlling burner operation at the top of two burners 13, is additionally provided with explosion-proof valve and urgent Air door guarantees the safety for ensuring personnel and equipment when accident occurs.Cold slag deslagging device 14 is arranged in two burners, 13 lower part.Greatly Block lime-ash is crushed downwards under extruding and the sorting effect of this device, water seal mucking machine is directly fallen into from kiln tail, is discharged after humidification Outside furnace.The auxiliary combustion that above-mentioned standby firing system includes start-up burner for lighting a fire, is used for auxiliary combustion 131 oil gun of burner, the oil pump for oil transportation and valve pipe fitting, and the process by automatically controlling the entire auxiliary combustion of completion.For Induced draught system includes main induced draft fan, and main induced draft fan ensures that entire process flow works under condition of negative pressure, is that total system burns work The stable key equipment of condition, fan frequency control are simultaneously interlocked with kiln hood vacuum table, remain constant negative for controlling blower Pressure carries out frequency conversion.For induced draught system further include first and second blower and combustion air fan is to provide hot fume and a certain amount of oxygen in kiln Gas makes material full combustion and cools down to kiln-opening-protecting plate.

Above-mentioned equipment and system is used to the rubbish full combustion that will be discarded decomposition, but in garbage decomposition and burning In, the significant process that harmful flue gas is waste incineration is generated after handling combustion refuse, contains a large amount of sour gas in flue gas Etc. harmful components, it is necessary to discharged after processing.Flue gas purifying technique is mainly by " sour gas removal " and " particle dust trapping " two Most of composition, in addition, organic matter in flue gas, the pollutants such as heavy metal, dioxin, furans are also simultaneously in this two treatment process In trapped purification, so being further connected with temperature-reducing tower 15, chilling tower 16, activated carbon eductor 4 and bag filter after burning 2, if a possibility that flue gas in incineration of waste generation gradually cools down at 550 DEG C or less, and the pernicious gases such as dioxin regenerate will Increase, and be quenched process then and the regeneration of harmful substance can be effectively suppressed, above-mentioned temperature-reducing tower 15 can be realized preliminary cooling.Cooling 15 back segment of tower is air type heat exchanger, exchanges flue gas partial waste heat for, 600 degree of heat exchanger outlet temperature or more, is additionally provided with The chilling tower 16 of air type heat exchanger is connected, flue gas enters chilling tower 16, and rapid cooling is to 200 degree or less.

Shown in referring to Figures 1 and 2, after completing above-mentioned step, need to carry out flue dust activated carbon adsorption and by powder Dirt is filtered, and in the process, the process of dedusting uses bag filter 2, and connect in bag filter 2 with chilling tower 16 Pipeline between be provided with for storing the short grained holding vessel 3 of active carbon and for spraying active carbon to bag filter Activated carbon eductor 4 in 2.In the present embodiment, activated carbon eductor 4 selects the activated carbon eductor 4 of model PSC200, Above-mentioned activated carbon eductor 4 includes major trunk roads and walking feeding tube, and the both ends of above-mentioned major trunk roads are respectively arranged with air intake vent and go out Material mouth, walking feeding tube is fixed at the center portion of major trunk roads, and is connected to major trunk roads, is fixedly connected in above-mentioned walking feeding tube The material bin 5 being connected to walking feeding tube, above-mentioned 3 bottom of holding vessel are connected to material bin 5, for by the active carbon in holding vessel 3 It is transported on major trunk roads, then ejects active carbon by major trunk roads.Active carbon can effectively adsorb the weight in landfill flare exhausts Metal and remaining dioxin.

It further include having the flow control system that active carbon flow is sprayed for controlling activated carbon eductor 4 referring to shown in Fig. 3 System, which includes the pressure detecting module 61 for detecting active carbon surplus in holding vessel 3；It is preset with correspondence When different time in holding vessel 3 activated carbon weight a reference value several base modules 62；Timing controlled and different comparison modules The time switch module 63 of connection；Pressure detecting module 61 and base modules 62 are coupled to for benchmark module 62 and pressure The processing module 64 of detection module 61；It is coupled to processing module 64, is arranged between material bin 5 and holding vessel 3 for controlling storage Deposit the flow-control module 65 that active carbon in tank 3 enters 5 flow of material bin.

Flow-control module 65 include be arranged between activated carbon eductor 4 and material bin 5, and with material bin 5 and activity The flow switch 7 that charcoal injector 4 is connected to simultaneously, in the present embodiment, flow switch 7 selects the flow switch of model GS011-16 7, because 7 bore of flow switch of the model is larger, and flow control is relatively stable, is more conform with the requirement of active carbon injection.? It is connected between holding vessel 3 and material bin 5 with ring flange, and two ring flange centers is provided with several pressure sensors, used In the weight of detection holding vessel 3, and then complete the detection to active carbon storage in holding vessel 3.

Above-mentioned base modules 62 are set as 20 in the present embodiment, for being stored according to 20 different time sections The datum quantity of active carbon sets a reference value in tank 3, and the base modules 62 of different number can also be set according to actual conditions.In this reality It applies in example, base modules 62 include the first divider resistance R1, the second divider resistance R2 and the cunning being series between power supply VCC and ground The node of dynamic rheostat RP1, the first divider resistance R1 and the second divider resistance R2 coupling accesses processing module 64.

Time switch module 63 includes the section that the first divider resistance R1 and the second divider resistance R2 coupling is arranged in several Time switch between point and processing module 64, in the present embodiment, time switch select the time switch of model SX102T, use Connection between the multiple base modules 62 of control and processing module 64, in the present embodiment, immediate two a reference values Difference is 10 minutes between the corresponding time switch of base modules 62, and the base modules 62 that a reference value is smaller, and timing is got over It is long.

Above-mentioned processing module 64 includes a comparator OA1, and above-mentioned base modules 62 are coupled to the anti-of comparator OA1 To input terminal, above-mentioned pressure sensor is coupled to the positive input of comparator OA1, when pressure is greater than a reference value, compares Device OA1 exports high level, and when pressure is less than a reference value, comparator OA1 exports low level, and processing module 64 further includes at one Device is managed, selects the single-chip microcontroller of model 80C51 in the present embodiment, output expands letter when the single-chip microcontroller receives high level Number, when single-chip microcontroller receives low level, signal is reduced in output, may be alternatively provided as the controllers such as PLC, above-mentioned single-chip microcontroller coupling In flow switch 7, the predetermined angle of rotation is preset in flow switch 7, when flow switch 7, which receives, expands signal, control Flow processed increases predetermined angle, and when flow switch 7, which receives, reduces signal, flow switch 7 reduces predetermined angle.And then it realizes By the storage of active carbon in detection holding vessel 3, reach the quantity of the active carbon of control injection.

The bottom of bag filter 2 is provided with a blowing device 21, is removed for active carbon to be constantly blown to cloth bag The top of dirt device 2 so recycles, and completes the reciprocal absorption movement of active carbon, and active carbon enters bag filter absorption pollutant After be deposited in deduster bottom and be discharged with discharge valve.

The measurement to active carbon reduction in holding vessel 3, that is, the activity ejected can be completed by the weighing to holding vessel 3 The measurement of charcoal then passes through base modules 62 to the amount that active carbon in a period of time sprays because charcoal active in industry sprays standard The setting for carrying out preset value controls the size that flow switch 7 opens and closes by the comparison to preset value and detected value, completes to work Property charcoal injection quantity automatic control.

The course of work: rubbish is entered by feed space 11 carries out primary combustion in rotary kiln 12, and enters in two burners 13 Second-time burning is completed by entering in bag filter 2 after the tail gas treating units such as cooling, dedusting, is arranged in bag-type dust The activated carbon eductor 4 of 2 front end of device carries out active carbon injection to bag filter 2, and active carbon is constantly injected in bag-type dust In device 2, pressure sensor carries out pressure detecting to holding vessel 3, as soon as at every time point, there is the benchmark mould at the corresponding time point Block 62 is connected, i.e., time switch is closed, when the pressure for sometime putting holding vessel 3 pressure value preset greater than the time point, Prove that the active carbon sprayed in previous time period is very few, at this point, control flow switch 7 opens predetermined angle, increasing is connect down Carry out the active carbon injection in the period, when the pressure for sometime putting holding vessel 3 pressure value preset less than the time point, it was demonstrated that The active carbon sprayed in previous time period is excessive, at this point, control flow switch 7 closes predetermined angle, when reducing following Active carbon injection in section.

This specific embodiment is only the explanation to the utility model, is not limitations of the present invention, ability Field technique personnel can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but As long as all by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of waste incineration, including for being sent into rubbish feed space (11), with into Material room (11) connection is connected to for carrying out secondary combustion to rubbish for the rotary kiln (12) of rubbish primary combustion, with rotary kiln (12) Two burners (13) burnt, setting in two burners (13) for the auxiliary burner (131) heated in two burners (13), It is arranged and is connect for the cold slag deslagging device (14) of separating of garbage residue, with two burners (13) for inciting somebody to action below two burners (13) Temperature-reducing tower (15) that the flue gas that incineration of waste generates tentatively is cooled down is connect for exchanging heat to flue gas with temperature-reducing tower (15) Air type heat exchanger and connect with air type heat exchanger for by flue gas carry out quenching processing chilling tower (16), It is characterized in: further includes the bag filter (2) being connect with chilling tower (16) for flue gas to be filtered, the bag filter (2) activated carbon eductor (4) for spraying active carbon is provided on the pipeline connected between chilling tower (16) and for storing up The short grained holding vessel of viability charcoal (3), the activated carbon eductor (4) include major trunk roads and walking feeding tube, in the walking feeding tube It is provided with the material bin (5) being connected to walking feeding tube, flow is provided between the bottom and material bin (5) of the holding vessel (3) and opens It closes (7).

2. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: further including For controlling the flow control system of flow switch (7) rotational angle, the flow control system includes

Pressure detecting module (61): it is arranged between holding vessel (3) and material bin (5) for detecting holding vessel (3) interior active carbon Weight and output pressure signal；

Several base modules (62): the weight datum value of holding vessel (3) interior active carbon and base is exported when being preset with different time Calibration signal；

Processing module (64): it is coupled to pressure detecting module (61) and base modules (62), for receiving pressure signal and benchmark Signal simultaneously exports amplified signal when pressure signal is greater than reference signal, and when pressure signal is less than reference signal, letter is reduced in output Number；

Several the first time switch modules (63): being arranged between processing module (64) and several base modules (62), uses It is connected in timing controlled from different comparison modules；

Flow-control module (65): the flow switch (7) including being coupled to processing module (64), it is pre- in the flow switch (7) Equipped with openings of sizes is adjusted, the flow switch (7) adjusts opening when receiving amplified signal and opens default size, the stream Amount switch (7) adjusts opening when receiving and reducing module and closes default size.

3. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the place Reason module (64) includes being coupled to the comparator (OA1) of base modules (62) and pressure detecting module (61) and being connected to compare The single-chip microcontroller of device (OA1) output end.

4. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the base Quasi-mode block (62) includes the first divider resistance R1 being series between power supply VCC and ground, the second divider resistance R2 and sliding variable resistance Device RP1.

5. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: timing is opened Close the time switch for selecting model SX102T.

6. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the stream Amount switch (7) selects the flow switch (7) of model GS011-16.

7. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cloth The bottom of bag dust collector (2) is provided with the blowing device (21) at the top for active carbon to be blown to bag filter (2).

8. the active carbon discharge rate automatic control system of a kind of waste incineration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the work Property charcoal injector (4) select model PSC200 activated carbon eductor (4).