CN110176322A - A kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system and its method - Google Patents
A kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176322A CN110176322A CN201910392033.8A CN201910392033A CN110176322A CN 110176322 A CN110176322 A CN 110176322A CN 201910392033 A CN201910392033 A CN 201910392033A CN 110176322 A CN110176322 A CN 110176322A
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- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000009272 plasma gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000738 capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010850 non-combustible waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/308—Processing by melting the waste
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/32—Processing by incineration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system and its methods, include crusher, sort case, plasma gasification furnace, plasma melting furnace, combustion chamber, chilling tower, ceramic filter, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, high efficiency particle air filter, chimney, melten glass body receiver and conveyer, using crushing device centering first it is low put solid waste carry out it is broken after be sent into sorting equipment and sorted, combustible waste is sent into gasification furnace and carries out gasification reaction to organic principle, the lime-ash and incombustible refuse of generation are sent into melting furnace after collecting and carry out vitrifying melt process, it is fixed on radionuclide in slag vitreum, vitreum after cooling by receiving system barrelling storage automatically, meet discharge standard of air pollutants qualified discharge after the purified processing of the flue gas of generation.Volume reduction effect of the present invention is good, high safety and reliability, nucleic stability are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste volume reduction processing system and its method, especially a kind of middle low-activity solid waste
Volume reduction processing system and its method.
Background technique
The current nuclear power installed capacity in China has reached 36,800,000 kilowatts, low in accumulative generation to put waste about 1.3 ten thousand
Cubic meter.Low solid waste routine method of disposal of putting is cement solidification method after super compacting in existing, and the waste after volume reduction is packed into
It is stored in 200L steel drum.But cement solidification is increase-volume treatment process, although super compressor further compresses volume reduction to waste,
But volume reduction effect is limited, and cannot fundamentally solve the problems, such as that waste Radionuclide is leached and spread.It is low in incineration method processing to put
Although waste has the significant volume reduction effect of comparison to combustible waste, in burning process, generated dioxin contamination problem is always
It is by focus concerned by people.And a large amount of flue gas is generated due to burning, the burden and cost of vent gas treatment are not only increased,
And radionuclide is easily caused to be unfavorable for the trapping and control to radionuclide with the further diffusion of flue gas.In addition,
Lime-ash caused by incineration method cannot be melted, and can not trap and solidify has serious contaminating radioactivity nucleic and other to environment
Heavy metal.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system and
Its method reduces volume after waste processing.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system, it is characterised in that: include crusher, sorting case, plasma
Body gasification furnace, plasma melting furnace, combustion chamber, chilling tower, ceramic filter, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, efficiently
Air filter, chimney, melten glass body receiver and conveyer, discharge hole of crusher are connect with sorting case feed inlet, are sorted
The combustible waste discharge port of case is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma gasification furnace feed inlet, and the non-combustible of case is sorted
Waste is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma melting furnace feed inlet, plasma gasification furnace lower end solid outlet
It is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma melting furnace feed inlet, plasma gasification furnace side face gas vent passes through pipe
Road is connect with air inlet of combustion chamber, and combustion chamber gas outlet is connect by pipeline with chilling tower air inlet, and chilling tower gas outlet passes through
Pipeline is connect with ceramic filter air inlet, and ceramic filter gas outlet is connect by pipeline with activated carbon adsorber air inlet,
Activated carbon adsorber gas outlet is connect with depickling scrubbing tower air inlet, and depickling scrubbing tower gas outlet passes through pipeline and highly effective air mistake
The connection of filter air inlet, high efficiency particle air filter gas outlet are connect with chimney, plasma melting furnace lower end discharge port and melting
The connection of vitreum receiver upper end, melten glass body receiver lower end are arranged on the upside of conveyer one end.
Further, the plasma gasification furnace includes gasification bell gentleization shaft, and gasification furnace cover buckle is located at gasification furnace
It holds with it, gasification furnace, which covers to be provided with, observes and measures window with the gasification feed inlet that be connected to of gasification shaft internal furnace and gasification, gasification
Shaft inner cavity is gasification zone in furnace, and gasification shaft inner wall is provided with gasification furnace insulating, on the side side wall for the shaft that gasifies
It is provided with air inlet, synthesis gas gas outlet is provided on the shaft other side side wall that gasifies, is provided on the downside of gasification zone in furnace
Fire grate, fire grate is horizontally disposed and fire grate surrounding is fixed on gasification shaft inner wall, and gasification shaft lower end is provided with lime-ash outlet, nothing
One end of axis screw-feeder and lime-ash outlet connect.
Further, gasification feeding warehouse and gasification control valve are provided on the gasification feed inlet, gasification feeding warehouse is
Round funnel and gasify feeding warehouse lower end with gasification feed inlet upper end be fixedly connected, gasification control valve setting gasification feed
Storehouse lower end is for controlling inventory.
Further, ash-scraper is provided in the lime-ash outlet.
Further, the plasma melting furnace includes melting bell and melting shaft, and melting furnace cover buckle is located at melting
Shaft upper end, furnace melting furnace, which covers to be provided with, observes and measures window with the melting feed inlet that is connected to of melting shaft internal furnace and two meltings
Mouthful, melting shaft inner cavity is melting zone in furnace, and melting shaft inner wall is provided with melting furnace insulating, setting in melting shaft
Have using molten bath crucible made of refractory material, two plasma torch penetrate melting shaft by inclination on the outside of melting shaft respectively
Side wall and torch head are arranged in the crucible of molten bath, and lower end is provided with the discharge outlet for being pierced by melting shaft lower end among the crucible of molten bath.
Further, melting feeding warehouse and melting control valve are provided on the melting feed inlet, melting feeding warehouse is
Round funnel and melt feeding warehouse lower end with melting feed inlet upper end be fixedly connected, melting control valve setting melting feed
Storehouse lower end is for controlling inventory.
Further, it is provided with induction coil on the outside of the discharge outlet, is surrounded by heat on the outside of discharge outlet and induction coil
Valve.
A kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: low solid waste of putting is crushed by, is then divided into combustible waste and incombustible refuse, is respectively fed to
Plasma gasification furnace and plasma melting furnace；
Step 2: combustible waste, which enters after plasma gasification furnace, forms synthesis gas after generation gasification reaction at 800-1000 DEG C
And lime-ash；
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber and disposes to form harmless micro-molecular gas, lime-ash and incombustible refuse one
It rises and is sent into plasma melting furnace；
Step 4: plasma melting furnace carries out melt process to lime-ash and incombustible refuse under the conditions of 1300-1400 DEG C, catches
Collect and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generate innoxious melten glass body, after cooling in special container sealed storage；
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas generated from combustion chamber is directly entered chilling tower for flue gas fast cooling, the flue gas after cooling into
Enter ceramic filter to be dusted, the flue gas after dedusting carries out nucleic removing by active carbon filter again, after removing nucleic
Flue gas through depickling scrubbing tower washing after remove sour gas, the flue gas after depickling by high efficiency particle air filter remove particle after pass through
Chimney discharge.
Further, the ash that entire system for cleaning fume generates, which is sent to plasma melting furnace, carries out melt process.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect: the present invention utilizes thermal plasma energy density
Height, the characteristics of can handling dystectic waste, the combustible waste in centering low-level waste carry out the synthesis formed after gasification reaction
Pneumatic transmission, which enters to carry out burning in combustion chamber, forms small molecule innocuous substance, and the lime-ash and incombustible refuse of generation are in plasma fusion
It is melted in furnace, radionuclide is stably fixed in melten glass body, the purified processing of the flue gas of generation meets empty
The emission request of gas quality standard.The volume reduction ratio that 95% or more can be reached compared with the prior art, is greatly decreased radioactive waste
Memory space is disposed, using plasma gasification furnace and melting furnace classification disposition waste, greatly reduces cost of disposal and risk
Property, and convenient for flexibly control monitoring.The present invention provides a kind of environmental-friendly, treatment processes securely and reliably, volume reduction significant effect
And meet the system and method for the middle low-activity solid waste plasma technique volume reductionization processing of national emission standard, it reaches
To the volume reduction of radioactive waste and the purpose of stabilization processes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of plasma gasification furnace of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of plasma melting furnace of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, following embodiment be explanation of the invention and
The invention is not limited to following embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system of the invention, comprising crusher 1, divides
Pick case 2, plasma gasification furnace 3, plasma melting furnace 4, combustion chamber 5, chilling tower 6, ceramic filter 7, activated carbon adsorption
Tower 8, depickling scrubbing tower 9, high efficiency particle air filter 10, chimney 11, melten glass body receiver 12 and conveyer 13, crusher 1
Discharge port is connect with sorting 2 feed inlet of case, and crusher is crushed the biggish solid waste of volume, after being crushed to a certain size
It is sent into sorting case.The combustible waste discharge port for sorting case 2 is connected by shaftless screw feeder and 3 feed inlet of plasma gasification furnace
It connects, the incombustible refuse of sorting case 2 is connect by shaftless screw feeder with 4 feed inlet of plasma melting furnace, and case pair is sorted
In low solid waste of putting classify, combustible waste through shaftless screw feeder be sent into plasma gasification furnace, incombustible refuse
Plasma melting furnace is sent into through shaftless screw feeder.3 lower end solid outlet of plasma gasification furnace passes through shaftless screw
Feeder is connect with 4 feed inlet of plasma melting furnace, and the outlet of 3 side gas of plasma gasification furnace passes through pipeline and combustion chamber
The connection of 5 air inlets, 5 gas outlet of combustion chamber are connect by pipeline with 6 air inlet of chilling tower, and natural gas combustion nozzle is equipped in combustion chamber and is used
In syngas combustion, 6 gas outlet of chilling tower is connect by pipeline with 7 air inlet of ceramic filter, and 7 gas outlet of ceramic filter is logical
Piping is connect with 8 air inlet of activated carbon adsorber, and 8 gas outlet of activated carbon adsorber is connect with 9 air inlet of depickling scrubbing tower, is taken off
9 gas outlet of acid elution tower is connect by pipeline with 10 air inlet of high efficiency particle air filter, 10 gas outlet of high efficiency particle air filter and
Chimney 11 connects, and 4 lower end discharge port of plasma melting furnace is connect with 12 upper end of melten glass body receiver, and melten glass body connects
12 lower end of device is received to be arranged on the upside of 13 one end of conveyer.Solids and the liquid debris such as the flying dust that system for cleaning fume generates
It is sent into circular treatment in melting furnace.
As shown in Fig. 2, plasma gasification furnace 3 includes gasification bell 301 and gasification shaft 302, gasification bell 301 be located in
Gasify 302 upper end of shaft, be provided on the bell 301 that gasifies and the gasification feed inlet 303 that is connected to of gasification 302 internal furnace of shaft and gasify
Window 304 is observed and measured, gasification feeding warehouse 305 and gasification control valve 306, gasification charging are provided on the feed inlet 303 that gasifies
Storehouse 305 is round funnel and 305 lower end of feeding warehouse of gasifying is fixedly connected with gasification 303 upper end of feed inlet, and gasify control valve
306 settings are in gasification 305 lower end of feeding warehouse for controlling inventory.302 inner cavity of shaft gasify as gasification zone 307 in furnace, gasifies
302 inner wall of shaft is provided with gasification furnace insulating 310, is provided with air inlet on the side side wall for the shaft 302 that gasifies
308, gasify 302 other side side wall of shaft on be provided with synthesis gas gas outlet 309, be provided with fire grate on the downside of gasification zone 307 in furnace
311, fire grate 311 is horizontally disposed and 311 surrounding of fire grate is fixed on gasification 302 inner wall of shaft, and gasification 302 lower end of shaft is provided with
One end of lime-ash outlet 313, shaftless screw feeder 314 is connect with lime-ash outlet 313.It is provided in lime-ash outlet 313 and scrapes ash
Device 312.The lime-ash of generation is sent into plasma melting furnace 4 after lime-ash outlet 313 enters shaftless screw feeder 314.
As shown in figure 3, plasma melting furnace 4 includes melting bell 401 and melting shaft 402, the melting button of bell 401 is set
In melting 402 upper end of shaft, furnace melting furnace 401 cover be provided with melt the melting feed inlet 403 that is connected to of 402 internal furnace of shaft and
Two meltings observe and measure window 404, melt and are provided with melting feeding warehouse 405 and melting control valve 406 on feed inlet 403,
Melting feeding warehouse 405 is round funnel and melts 405 lower end of feeding warehouse and be fixedly connected with melting 403 upper end of feed inlet, melting
The setting of control valve 406 is in melting 405 lower end of feeding warehouse for controlling inventory.Melting 402 inner cavity of shaft is melting zone in furnace
407, melting 402 inner wall of shaft is provided with melting furnace insulating 408, melts and is provided in shaft 402 using refractory material
Manufactured molten bath crucible 409, two plasma torch 410 penetrate melting shaft side wall by tilting on the outside of melting shaft 402 respectively
And torch head is arranged in molten bath crucible 409, and the intermediate lower end of molten bath crucible 409 is provided with the discharge outlet for being pierced by melting shaft lower end
411.It is provided with induction coil 412 on the outside of discharge outlet 411, the outside of discharge outlet 411 and induction coil 412 is surrounded by thermal valve 413.
It controls thermal valve 413 by intermediate frequency power supply induction heating to open and close, 413 lower end of thermal valve is to being connected to melten glass body receiver 12
For carrying melten glass body, conveyer 13 is transported for melten glass body.
Plasma torch is untransferable arc direct-current plasma torch, using nitrogen, air as plasma operation medium.
Direct-current plasma torch is distributed in plasma melting furnace molten bath crucible upper side, the central axis of axial direction and furnace body at
Angle less than 90 °, the use number of direct-current plasma torch are 2, and external plasma controls power supply respectively.Plasma
The axial direction of melting furnace is furnished with monitoring of multiple thermocouples for Axial Temperature Distribution in burner hearth.
Plasma gasification furnace and melting furnace in this system are full sealing apparatus, are run under tiny structure working condition,
System and device overall process automatically controls operation.Middle low-level waste be divided into combustible waste and not by sorting case after crushing
Combustible waste, combustible waste carry out gasification reaction after shaftless screw feeder is sent into gasification furnace, and the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion
Room is burnt, the lime-ash and incombustible refuse of generation are sent to plasma melting furnace through shaftless screw feeder through hot plasma high temperature
Radionuclide, heavy metal or the extremely low melting of other poisonous and harmful substances, leaching rate can effectively be trapped by generating after melt process
Vitreum.The system whole process uses automatic operation, and the received device of melting solid waste vitreum of generation connects sample generation
It is fitted into 200L concrete steel drum and is stored after vitreum is cooling, the exhaust gas of generation meets atmosphere pollution through CEMS on-line monitoring
Atmosphere is emitted into after object comprehensive discharge standard, the waste water in whole flow process meets nuclear power plant's radiation protection regulation qualified discharge.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: by it is low put solid waste carry out it is broken after be sent into sorting case, by sorting be divided into combustible waste with it is non-combustible
Waste is sent into gasification furnace and melting furnace by shaftless screw feeder respectively.
Step 2: combustible waste, which enters after gasification furnace, forms synthesis gas and ash after generation gasification reaction at 800-1000 DEG C
Slag.
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber through air-introduced machine and is disposed, and harmless micro-molecular gas is formed, ash
Slag is sent into melting furnace by shaftless screw feeder together with incombustible refuse.
Step 4: plasma melting furnace carries out at melting lime-ash and incombustible refuse under the conditions of 1300-1400 DEG C
Reason, trapping and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generates innoxious melten glass body, seals deposit in special container after cooling
Storage.
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas generated from combustion chamber is directly entered chilling tower, and flue gas fast cooling is avoided dioxin
It generates, the flue gas after cooling enters ceramic filter and is dusted the particulate matter that removing has radionuclide, the cigarette after dedusting
Gas carries out active carbon filter and carries out nucleic removing again, and the flue gas after removing nucleic removes acid after the washing of depickling scrubbing tower
Gas, by being discharged after high efficiency particle air filter removing particle through chimney, entire system for cleaning fume produces the flue gas after depickling
Raw ash send to melting furnace and carries out melt process.
Middle low-level waste first passes around broken sorting, gasifies in plasma gasification furnace to combustible waste, generation
Lime-ash and incombustible refuse add glass former by adjusting, to radioactivity in plasma melting furnace progress high-temperature fusion
Nucleic is trapped and is solidified, obtain can the direct extremely low melten glass body of safe disposal, leaching rate, realize plasma gasification
Independent progress is separated with melting and solidification, and reaches the final purpose of volume reduction, stabilization processes.
The characteristics of present invention is high using thermal plasma energy density, can handle dystectic waste, centering low-level waste
In combustible waste carry out the synthesis gas that is formed after gasification reaction and be sent into combustion chamber carrying out burning and forming small molecule innocuous substance,
The lime-ash and incombustible refuse of generation are melted in plasma melting furnace, and radionuclide is stably fixed to melt
In vitreum, the flue gas of generation is purified to handle the emission request for meeting air quality standard.It can reach compared with the prior art
To 95% or more volume reduction ratio, radioactive-waste disposal memory space is greatly decreased, utilizes plasma gasification furnace and melting furnace point
Class disposes waste, greatly reduces cost of disposal and risk, and convenient for flexibly control monitoring.The present invention provides a kind of environment
It is friendly, treatment process is safe and reliable, volume reduction significant effect and the middle low-activity solid waste for meeting national emission standard etc.
The system and method for ion body technique volume reductionization processing, achievees the purpose that the volume reduction and stabilization processes of radioactive waste.
Above content is only illustrations made for the present invention described in this specification.Technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in field can do various modifications or supplement or is substituted in a similar manner to described specific embodiment, only
It should belong to guarantor of the invention without departing from the content or beyond the scope defined by this claim of description of the invention
Protect range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system, it is characterised in that: comprising crusher, sorting case, etc. from
Daughter gasification furnace, plasma melting furnace, combustion chamber, chilling tower, ceramic filter, activated carbon adsorber, depickling scrubbing tower, height
Air filter, chimney, melten glass body receiver and conveyer are imitated, discharge hole of crusher is connect with sorting case feed inlet, point
It picks the combustible waste discharge port of case to connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma gasification furnace feed inlet, that sorts case can not
Combustion waste is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma melting furnace feed inlet, plasma gasification furnace lower end solids exit
Mouth is connect by shaftless screw feeder with plasma melting furnace feed inlet, and plasma gasification furnace side face gas vent passes through
Pipeline is connect with air inlet of combustion chamber, and combustion chamber gas outlet is connect by pipeline with chilling tower air inlet, and chilling tower gas outlet is logical
Piping is connect with ceramic filter air inlet, and ceramic filter gas outlet is connected by pipeline and activated carbon adsorber air inlet
It connects, activated carbon adsorber gas outlet is connect with depickling scrubbing tower air inlet, and depickling scrubbing tower gas outlet is empty by pipeline and efficiently
The connection of air filter air inlet, high efficiency particle air filter gas outlet connect with chimney, plasma melting furnace lower end discharge port and
The connection of melten glass body receiver upper end, melten glass body receiver lower end are arranged on the upside of conveyer one end.
2. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Plasma gasification furnace includes gasification bell gentleization shaft, and gasification furnace cover buckle is located at gasification furnace and holds, and gasification furnace, which covers, to be provided with
The gasification feed inlet and gasification being connected to gasification shaft internal furnace observe and measure window, and gasification shaft inner cavity is gasification zone in furnace,
Gasification shaft inner wall is provided with gasification furnace insulating, is provided with air inlet on the side side wall for the shaft that gasifies, and gasifies
Be provided with synthesis gas gas outlet on the side wall of the shaft other side, be provided with fire grate in furnace on the downside of gasification zone, fire grate it is horizontally disposed and
Fire grate surrounding be fixed on gasification shaft inner wall on, gasification shaft lower end be provided with lime-ash outlet, one end of shaftless screw feeder with
Lime-ash outlet connection.
3. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
Gasification feeding warehouse and gasification control valve are provided on gasification feed inlet, gasification feeding warehouse is round funnel and the feeding warehouse that gasifies
Lower end is fixedly connected with gasification feed inlet upper end, and the setting of gasification control valve is in gasification feeding warehouse lower end for controlling inventory.
4. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
Lime-ash is provided with ash-scraper in outlet.
5. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Plasma melting furnace includes melting bell and melting shaft, and melting furnace cover buckle is located at melting furnace and holds, and furnace melting furnace covers
It is provided with the melting feed inlet being connected to melting shaft internal furnace and two meltings observes and measures window, melting shaft inner cavity is in furnace
Melting zone, melting shaft inner wall are provided with melting furnace insulating, melt and be provided in shaft using made of refractory material
Molten bath crucible, two plasma torch penetrate melting shaft side wall and the setting of torch head molten by inclination on the outside of melting shaft respectively
In the crucible of pond, lower end is provided with the discharge outlet for being pierced by melting shaft lower end among the crucible of molten bath.
6. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
Melting feeding warehouse and melting control valve are provided on melting feed inlet, melting feeding warehouse is round funnel and melts feeding warehouse
Lower end is fixedly connected with melting feed inlet upper end, and the setting of melting control valve is in melting feeding warehouse lower end for controlling inventory.
7. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
It is provided with induction coil on the outside of discharge outlet, is surrounded by thermal valve on the outside of discharge outlet and induction coil.
8. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: low solid waste of putting is crushed by, is then divided into combustible waste and incombustible refuse, is respectively fed to
Plasma gasification furnace and plasma melting furnace；
Step 2: combustible waste, which enters after plasma gasification furnace, forms synthesis gas after generation gasification reaction at 800-1000 DEG C
And lime-ash；
Step 3: the synthesis gas of generation is sent into combustion chamber and disposes to form harmless micro-molecular gas, lime-ash and incombustible refuse one
It rises and is sent into plasma melting furnace；
Step 4: plasma melting furnace carries out melt process to lime-ash and incombustible refuse under the conditions of 1300-1400 DEG C, catches
Collect and solidify radionuclide and ultimately generate innoxious melten glass body, after cooling in special container sealed storage；
Step 5: the high-temperature flue gas generated from combustion chamber is directly entered chilling tower for flue gas fast cooling, the flue gas after cooling into
Enter ceramic filter to be dusted, the flue gas after dedusting carries out nucleic removing by active carbon filter again, after removing nucleic
Flue gas through depickling scrubbing tower washing after remove sour gas, the flue gas after depickling by high efficiency particle air filter remove particle after pass through
Chimney discharge.
9. a kind of middle low-activity solid waste volume reduction processing method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: entire
The ash that system for cleaning fume generates send to plasma melting furnace and carries out melt process.
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| CN110486731A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-22 | 山东欧卡环保工程有限公司 | Solid and liquid dangerous waste plasma cracking and vitrifying processing equipment and method |
| CN114414667A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-29 | 北京锋测生物科技有限公司 | Raw material detection method for plasma melting vaporization process |
| CN113178269A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-27 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Heat release and communication device for ultra-high temperature melt |
| CN113178269B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2023-11-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Heat release and communication device for ultrahigh-temperature melt |
| CN115245952A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-10-28 | 江苏美东环境科技有限公司 | Plasma coupling oxygen-enriched gasification melting furnace and method for treating solid hazardous waste by using same |
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| CN114315134A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 西南科技大学 | Method for directly vitrifying high-level waste by using discharge plasma |
| CN115287098A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Plasma gasification solid waste treatment device |
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