CN110345484B - System for be used for rubbish flying ash and leachate to handle in coordination - Google Patents

System for be used for rubbish flying ash and leachate to handle in coordination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110345484B
CN110345484B CN201910716062.5A CN201910716062A CN110345484B CN 110345484 B CN110345484 B CN 110345484B CN 201910716062 A CN201910716062 A CN 201910716062A CN 110345484 B CN110345484 B CN 110345484B
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Prior art keywords
fly ash
garbage
melting
inlet
outlet
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CN110345484A (en
Inventor
肖琨
乌晓江
李月华
张建文
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Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
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Shanghai Boiler Works Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/006General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/14Gaseous waste or fumes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/70Incinerating particular products or waste
    • F23G2900/70401Incinerating drainage water from waste pits of incinerators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a system for the collaborative treatment of garbage fly ash and percolate, which comprises a garbage incineration system and is characterized in that: also included is a fly ash fusion device comprising a fly ash fusion furnace and a burner for heating the fly ash fusion furnace, the inlet of the fly ash melting furnace is respectively connected with the outlet of the dust remover and the concentrated water outlet of the percolate purifying device, and the outlet of the fly ash melting furnace is connected with the inlet of the garbage incineration boiler. On one hand, the invention can melt and convert the garbage fly ash into a glassy state, so that the waste is changed into common solid waste from dangerous waste; on the other hand, the leachate generated by garbage storage can be treated, and the flue gas generated by the melting of the fly ash can reach the discharge standard. The efficiency of garbage treatment is improved, the influence of the direct entering of the concentrated water into the garbage incineration system on stable combustion of the incinerator is effectively avoided, the treatment effect is more thorough, and the environment protection is facilitated.

Description

System for be used for rubbish flying ash and leachate to handle in coordination
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for cooperatively disposing garbage fly ash and percolate, and belongs to the field of hazardous waste disposal.
Background
The waste incineration can realize the treatment targets of volume reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of the waste, and is a preferred method for waste treatment. The most widely used garbage incineration flow is shown in the attached figure 1: the garbage in the garbage storage bin 21 enters the garbage incineration boiler 23 for combustion, and the smoke generated after combustion passes through the dust remover 24, the smoke purifying device 25 and the pollutant in the smoke is removed, and is discharged through the chimney 26 after reaching the standard.
After incineration of the household garbage, incineration fly ash which is 2% -5% of the mass of the original garbage is generated, and the incineration fly ash is captured by the dust remover 24. The fly ash contains more volatile heavy metals such as mercury, lead, chromium and the like and highly toxic organic components such as dioxin and the like than the bottom slag. Relevant regulations in China prescribe that: the waste fly ash belongs to dangerous waste and must be specially treated. The methods commonly used at present are a cement curing method, a medicament treatment method and a fusion curing method. The melting solidification method uses combustion heat and electric heat of fuel, and under the condition of high temperature (1300 ℃), organic matters in fly ash are thermally decomposed, combusted and gasified, and inorganic matters are melted into vitreous slag. SiO2 in the slag forms a Si-O network structure in the melting treatment, so that the metal moved into the slag is solidified in the grid to form extremely stable glass slag, and the possibility of heavy metal dissolution is greatly reduced. After the fly ash is melted, the density is greatly increased, the volume reduction of the fly ash can be achieved by more than 2/3, and the possibility of releasing dioxin from the garbage fly ash is eliminated. And the slag can be used as roadbed material, thereby achieving the purpose of effective utilization.
In a waste incineration power plant, the waste to be incinerated can exude a lot of leachate during the storage. The common leachate accounts for about 13-28% of the garbage in the factory. The water quality of the part of percolate is quite complex, and the part of percolate generally contains high-concentration organic matters, heavy metal salts and the like. In the current common treatment method, the landfill leachate is separated into concentrated water and fresh water by a pretreatment device 22, wherein the fresh water is discharged after reaching standards, and the concentrated water enters a waste incineration boiler 23 for incineration. However, too much concentrated water enters the garbage incinerator and may affect stable combustion of the garbage incinerator.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: a system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate is provided which is capable of processing leachate from waste storage while simultaneously melting and converting the waste fly ash to a glassy state.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a system for collaborative disposal of waste fly ash and percolate, which comprises a waste incineration system, wherein the waste incineration system comprises a waste storage bin, an outlet of the waste storage bin is respectively connected with an inlet of a percolate purifying device and an inlet of a waste incineration boiler, an outlet of the waste incineration boiler is connected with an inlet of a dust remover, an outlet of the dust remover is connected with an inlet of a flue gas purifying device, and an outlet of the flue gas purifying device is connected with a chimney, and the system is characterized in that: also included is a fly ash fusion device comprising a fly ash fusion furnace and a burner for heating the fly ash fusion furnace, the inlet of the fly ash melting furnace is respectively connected with the outlet of the dust remover and the concentrated water outlet of the percolate purifying device, and the outlet of the fly ash melting furnace is connected with the inlet of the garbage incineration boiler.
Preferably, the fly ash melting furnace comprises a melting chamber and an evaporating chamber, wherein the bottoms of the melting chamber and the evaporating chamber are mutually communicated, the burner is arranged at the top of the melting chamber, a slag pool for storing melted fly ash is arranged at the bottom of the melting chamber, an outlet of the dust remover is connected with an inlet of the melting chamber, a concentrated water outlet of the percolate purifying device is connected with an inlet of the evaporating chamber, and an outlet of the evaporating chamber is connected with an inlet of the garbage incineration boiler.
Preferably, a fly ash storage bin is arranged between the dust remover and the melting chamber, an outlet of the fly ash storage bin is provided with a wind-powder mixer for guiding the fly ash into the melting chamber, and an outlet of the wind-powder mixer is connected with an inlet of the melting chamber.
Preferably, the burner is a swirl burner.
Preferably, the direction of rotation of the gas flow of the burner is along the inner side wall of the melting chamber.
Preferably, the melting chamber is a cylindrical container, and the fly ash inlet direction on the melting chamber is tangential to the wall of the melting chamber.
Preferably, a spray head is arranged at one end of the concentrated water outlet connected with the evaporation chamber.
Preferably, the connection inlet of the garbage incineration boiler and the evaporation chamber is arranged in a high-temperature area of the garbage incineration boiler or a low-temperature area of the garbage incineration boiler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The system for the collaborative treatment of the garbage fly ash and the percolate can be used for melting and converting the garbage fly ash into a glassy state on one hand, so that the dangerous waste is changed into the common solid waste; on the other hand, the leachate generated by garbage storage can be treated, and the flue gas generated by the melting of the fly ash can reach the discharge standard. Fly ash generated by garbage combustion and percolate generated by garbage storage are treated at one time through the same system, so that the garbage treatment efficiency is improved.
The percolate treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages that the concentrated water enters the garbage incineration system for incineration treatment after being evaporated, the influence of the direct entry of the concentrated water into the garbage incineration system on stable combustion of the incinerator is effectively avoided, the treatment effect is more thorough, and the environment protection is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a conventional household garbage incineration treatment.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a system process for the co-treatment of waste fly ash and leachate in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inlet direction of the fly ash stream on the melting chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The invention discloses a system for the co-treatment of garbage fly ash and percolate, which is shown in figure 2 and comprises a garbage storage bin 1, a percolate purifying device 2, a garbage incineration boiler 3, a dust remover 4, a flue gas purifying device 5, a chimney 6, a fly ash melting furnace 7, a burner 8, a fly ash storage bin 9, a wind-powder mixer 10 and a slag pool 11. The fly ash melting furnace 7 is composed of two heat-insulating cylindrical containers, one is a melting chamber 71 and the other is an evaporating chamber 72, and the melting chamber 71 and the bottom of the evaporating chamber 72 are connected through a flue. The outlet of the garbage storage bin 1 is respectively connected with the inlet of the percolate purifying device 2 and the inlet of the garbage incineration boiler 3, the outlet of the garbage incineration boiler 3 is connected with the inlet of the dust remover 4, the outlet of the dust remover 4 is connected with the inlet of the flue gas purifying device 5, the outlet of the flue gas purifying device 5 is connected with the chimney 6, the outlet of the dust remover 4 is connected with the inlet of the fly ash storage bin 9, the outlet of the fly ash storage bin 9 is provided with the wind-powder mixer 10 for guiding the fly ash into the melting chamber 71, and the outlet of the wind-powder mixer 10 is connected with the inlet of the melting chamber 71. The top of the melting chamber 71 is provided with a burner 8, the burner 8 is a cyclone burner, the fuel of which can be gas, oil, low ash fusion point pulverized coal or other inflammable substances, and the airflow rotation direction of the burner 8 is along the side wall of the melting chamber 71.
The bottom of the melting chamber 71 is provided with a slag bath 11 for storing the melted fly ash. The concentrated water outlet 12 of the percolate purification device 2 is connected to the inlet of the evaporation chamber 72, and the outlet of the evaporation chamber 72 is connected to the inlet of the waste incineration boiler 3. The inlet of the garbage incineration boiler 3 connected to the outlet of the evaporation chamber 72 may be provided in a high temperature region of the garbage incineration boiler 3 or in a low temperature region of the garbage incineration boiler 3 according to the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas.
The whole system operates as follows: the upper part of the melting chamber 71 is heated by the burner 8, so that the temperature in the heat-insulating melting chamber 71 reaches more than 1300 ℃, and the melting of the fly ash after entering the melting chamber is ensured. The fly ash captured by the dust collector 4 enters the fly ash storage bin 9, is guided by the air-powder mixer 10 to tangentially enter the melting chamber 71 under the drive of the hot air 14, and rotates in the melting chamber 71. The fly ash particles are thrown towards the wall of the hot melting chamber 71 under the drive of the rotating air flow, and are melted. Slag flows into the slag bath 11 along the wall of the barrel, and is chilled to form a vitreous body. The high temperature flue gas generated in the melting chamber 71 enters the evaporating chamber 72 through the connecting flue. When the fly ash gas flow enters the melting chamber 71, the fly ash gas flow needs to enter tangentially, a rotating gas flow is formed in the melting chamber 71, and the rotating direction of the formed gas flow is the same as the rotating direction of the flue gas at the outlet of the burner 8. FIG. 3 is one manner in which the fly ash stream enters the melting chamber.
The leachate generated by garbage storage is primarily treated by the leachate purification device 2 and is divided into concentrated water and fresh water, the fresh water is discharged after reaching standards, a spray head 15 is arranged at one end of the concentrated water outlet 12 connected with the evaporation chamber 72, the concentrated water is sprayed into the evaporation chamber 72 through the spray head 15, and is evaporated after contacting with high-temperature flue gas in the evaporation chamber 72, and meanwhile, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is also greatly reduced. The high-temperature flue gas in the evaporating chamber 72 is cooled, percolate is evaporated, cooled flue gas is introduced into the garbage incineration boiler 3, and purified by the flue gas purification device 5 of the incineration system, and then the flue gas reaches the emission standard.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a system for garbage fly ash and leachate are disposed of in coordination, includes the msw incineration system, the msw incineration system includes waste storage bin (1), and the entry of leachate purification device (2) and the entry of msw incineration boiler (3) are connected respectively to the export of waste incineration boiler (3), and the entry of dust remover (4) is connected to the exit linkage dust remover (4), and the entry of fume purification device (5) is connected to the exit linkage chimney (6) of dust remover (4), its characterized in that: the device comprises a dust collector (4), a percolate purifying device (2), a dust collector (7), a dust collector (12), a dust collector (2) and a dust collector (7), and is characterized by further comprising a fly ash melting device, wherein the fly ash melting device comprises a fly ash melting furnace (7) and a burner (8) for heating the fly ash melting furnace (7), the inlet of the fly ash melting furnace (7) is respectively connected with the outlet of the dust collector (4) and the concentrated water outlet (12) of the percolate purifying device (2), and the outlet of the fly ash melting furnace (7) is connected with the inlet of the garbage incineration boiler (3);
The fly ash melting furnace (7) comprises a melting chamber (71) and an evaporating chamber (72) with the bottoms mutually communicated, a burner (8) is arranged at the top of the melting chamber (71), a slag pool (11) for storing melted fly ash is arranged at the bottom of the melting chamber (71), the outlet of the dust remover (4) is connected with the inlet of the melting chamber (71), the concentrated water outlet (12) of the percolate purifying device (2) is connected with the inlet of the evaporating chamber (72), and the outlet of the evaporating chamber (72) is connected with the inlet of the garbage incineration boiler (3);
A fly ash storage bin (9) is arranged between the dust remover (4) and the melting chamber (71), an air-powder mixer (10) for guiding fly ash into the melting chamber (71) is arranged at the outlet of the fly ash storage bin (9), and the outlet of the air-powder mixer (10) is connected with the inlet of the melting chamber (71).
2. A system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
The burner (8) is a cyclone burner.
3. A system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
The direction of rotation of the gas flow of the burner (8) is along the inner side wall of the melting chamber (71).
4. A system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the melting chamber (71) is a cylindrical container, and the fly ash inlet direction on the melting chamber (71) is tangential to the wall of the melting chamber (71).
5. A system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and a spray head (15) is arranged at one end of the concentrated water outlet (12) connected with the evaporation chamber (72).
6. A system for the co-disposal of waste fly ash and leachate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting inlet of the garbage incineration boiler (3) and the evaporation chamber (72) is arranged in a high-temperature area of the garbage incineration boiler (3) or a low-temperature area of the garbage incineration boiler (3).
CN201910716062.5A 2019-08-05 2019-08-05 System for be used for rubbish flying ash and leachate to handle in coordination Active CN110345484B (en)

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CN110345484B true CN110345484B (en) 2024-05-17

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111875151A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-11-03 东南大学 System and method for co-processing garbage leachate and incineration fly ash
CN112628739A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-09 苏州乔发环保科技股份有限公司 Garbage fly ash carbonization furnace

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001259335A (en) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-25 Hitachi Zosen Corp Gas cooling method and gas cooling device
JP2007309643A (en) * 2007-07-06 2007-11-29 Toshiba Corp Pyrolytic melting device
CN103471105A (en) * 2013-08-19 2013-12-25 西安交通大学 System and method for gasification melting of household refuse and treatment of household refuse leachate
CN108706802A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-26 中广核研究院有限公司 The processing method and its processing system for the pollutant that consumer waste incineration generates
CN210485735U (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-05-08 上海锅炉厂有限公司 System for be used for rubbish flying dust and filtration liquid to deal with in coordination

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001259335A (en) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-25 Hitachi Zosen Corp Gas cooling method and gas cooling device
JP2007309643A (en) * 2007-07-06 2007-11-29 Toshiba Corp Pyrolytic melting device
CN103471105A (en) * 2013-08-19 2013-12-25 西安交通大学 System and method for gasification melting of household refuse and treatment of household refuse leachate
CN108706802A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-26 中广核研究院有限公司 The processing method and its processing system for the pollutant that consumer waste incineration generates
CN210485735U (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-05-08 上海锅炉厂有限公司 System for be used for rubbish flying dust and filtration liquid to deal with in coordination

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