CN104100980A - Small garbage coking combustion furnace - Google Patents
Small garbage coking combustion furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104100980A CN104100980A CN201410305784.9A CN201410305784A CN104100980A CN 104100980 A CN104100980 A CN 104100980A CN 201410305784 A CN201410305784 A CN 201410305784A CN 104100980 A CN104100980 A CN 104100980A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small garbage coking combustion furnace, which comprises a garbage storage box for garbage sealing and feeding; a coking drum, a gasification chamber, an air-cooled grate and an external combustion chamber, wherein garbage is pushed into the coking drum through a feeding pushing head, and is subjected to heating and carbonization in the coking drum, a bottom cover is arranged at the bottom of the coking drum, the bottom cover of the coking drum is pushed away when the pressure of the feeding pushing head is large enough, thus waste carbon is discharged into the gasification chamber for gasification, and the gasification chamber and the external combustion chamber are communicated through the air-cooled grate. Volatiles, combustible gas and partially gasified coal are transferred to the external combustion chamber through the air-cooled grate for combustion to generate flue gas, the flue gas passes a filtering plate, leaves the a hearth, and is discharged into a flue gas gasification chamber after the flue gas heats garbage in the coking drum. Cold air enters the external combustion chamber through the air-cooled grate. Before feeding, rough stones or bricks are removed from the garbage, so as to avoid blockage of the air-cooled grate. By applying the small garbage coking furnace, garbage combustion step by step is realized, the generation of dioxin can be avoided, the mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to maintain, maintenance is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the requirements on garbage treatment in villages and small towns as well as remote areas can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refuse disposal and resource field.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace.
Background technology
At present small-sized waste treatment facility rarely has reasonable, economic processing mode as the domestic rubbish disposal of corresponding island, small towns one-level.For example the rubbish of small towns one-level has centralized collection, is transported to processing at county level; Or landfill; And the house refuse producing on island is more difficult, packing transhipment not only brings burden to location, also brings other problem.Small towns garbage loading embeading, by contaminated land and water source, destroys the day by day fragile ecological environment in rural area.And small-sized waste incineration is due to pollutant, to control cost high, and in rural area, these places that lack attendant may not can be moved continuously, also bring more serious pollution hidden trouble.For realizing the economy of villages and small towns rubbish, clean disposal, processing cost and the unsafe factor of avoiding garbage loading embeading to cause soil, rural and pollution of waterhead, also avoid long transportation range to increase, exploitation is applicable to " beautiful rural area " environmental protection of building, the task of economic, practical type small-sized rubbish treating apparatus is urgent.
The processing that is applicable to small-sized rubbish is disposed in rubbish charing burning, compares with direct burning, and pyrolysis will burn, and to elongate be two sections of thermal decomposition flow process and gas combustions, and in addition gas cleaning, and processing being cleaned, and meets small-sized, innoxious requirement.Can also reclaim hot water where necessary, or directly reclaim combustion gas utilization.
In the past few decades, China has dropped into a large amount of technical forces and has developed large-scale urban domestic garbage incinerator, city garbage burning is widely used, but the gas cleaning that large-scale city garbage incinerator is corresponding and flying dust disposal system somewhat expensive, not only shared ratio between investments is large, and this expense of shared operation is higher, rely on higher disposal expense and generating subsidy to realize economic equilibrium, the large-scale incineration technology improper villages and small towns refuse disposal of this quasi-tradition.
In addition, in small towns because attendant is few, and attendant's scientific and technological level is limited, the waste treatment facility that certain operations requirement is high, program is complicated, be difficult to safeguard or needs are often safeguarded is inapplicable, and needs small-sized rubbish treatment facility simple and easy, non-maintaining and economic and practical, environmental protection.
For this reason, the present invention is according to small towns rubbish and from far-off regions as the feature of island garbage disposal, provide simple and easy maintenance serial rubbish charing combustion furnace, realize 0.5 ~ 10 t/d(and adapt to 500-10000 people) the small towns house refuse of scale and the environmental protection of island rubbish, clean disposal.Except house refuse, this small-sized charing combustion furnace is also applicable to stalk, industrial refuse.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of small-sized rubbish charing incinerator, be applicable to the cleaning of rubbish on a small scale, compare with direct burning, the present invention is divided into two sections of the gentle body burnings of charing step by incineration firing, and gas cleaning in addition, make small-sized garbage disposal can meet innoxious and requirement that clean, and there is easy care.
The small-sized rubbish charing incinerator that the present invention proposes, described charing combustion furnace comprises rubbish storage tank 1, has the charing cylinder 7 of steam vent, vaporizer 9, air-cooled fire grate 11, external combustion chamber 12, outer burner hearth 18 and flue gas cleaner 21, wherein:
In described charing combustion furnace, be provided with charing cylinder 7, vaporizer 9, steam bottle 6 and outer burner hearth 18; Charing combustion furnace top is provided with rubbish storage tank 1, and bottom and periphery are provided with external combustion chamber 12; In rubbish storage tank 1, being provided with feeds in raw material cuts somebody's hair 3; Charing cylinder 7 tops that are positioned at flue gas cleaner 21 are provided with steam bottle 6, and charing cylinder 7 tops connect rubbish storage tank 1 discharging openings, and the lower cover of charing cylinder 7, in vaporizer 9, and has steam vent 15, and vaporizer 9 bottoms connect external combustion chambers 12 by air-cooled fire grate 11; Described steam bottle 6 is arranged mouth 4 and steam pipe 5 Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogies 17 by steam, and described vaporizer 9 one sides, by steam pipe 5 Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogies 17, are collected steam by steam bottle 6 and after pressure balance case 17, led to vaporizer 9; Described outer burner hearth 18 top one sides are provided with Pressure gauge 20, and described outer burner hearth 18 also connects flue gas cleaner 21 by pipeline;
House refuse in rubbish storage tank 1, through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, 3 push in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing in charing cylinder 7, the volatile matter of generation and charcoal are reformed and gasify at vaporizer 9, via air-cooled fire grate 11, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 and burn, play steady combustion effect simultaneously; The flue gas producing leaves burner hearth after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enters flue gas cleaner 21;
Described external combustion chamber 12 is provided with hot blast import 16, and further, described hot blast import 16 is tangential entries, makes to present eddy flow in hot blast combustion outer chamber 12.
In the present invention, described rubbish storage tank 1 is airtight, avoids foul smell to escape.
In the present invention, the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1 is cut somebody's hair and 3 rubbish is pushed to charing cylinder 7 by reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end.
In the present invention, the section of described charing cylinder 7 is circle or rectangle, and quantity is one or more; When garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder 7 sections are that an edge lengths is 3 times of above rectangles of another side length, and quantity is 1 or a plurality of; When garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder 7 sections are circular, and quantity is 1.
In the present invention, the bottom of described charing cylinder 7 is provided with bottom 8, in reinforced 3 the thrust of cutting somebody's hair, enough pushes open greatly time, and non-reinforced period bottom 8 automatically closes under the effect of control device 22.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 tops are that pyramid type, bottom are column types, and column type bottom connects circular air-cooled fire grate 11, and air-cooled fire grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 is rectangular configuration, and rectangle wall bottom connects the air-cooled fire grate 11 of rectangle, and air-cooled fire grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 and described external combustion chamber 12 are respectively equipped with upper furnace door 10 and ash outlet 13, by the upper furnace door 10 large slag of raking off; By ash outlet 13, discharge even charcoal of tiny lime-ash.
In the present invention, described outer burner hearth 18 upper pressure maintain-30Pa ~-100Pa.Further, the top of Ke external combustion chamber 18 adds one deck filter 19, with equalizing pressure filtering gas.
In the present invention, the top of burner hearth 18 arranges water-cooled coil pipe 24, to reclaim hot water.
In the present invention, the bottom surrounding of air-cooled fire grate 11 arranges the outer defeated utilization of combustion gas suction pipe 28 recovery section combustion gas 27.
Adopt the usefulness of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace provided by the present invention to be:
1) in midget plant, realize and utilize fugitive constituent burning and coke gasification after rubbish charing to burn to replace traditional solid directly to burn, guaranteed the feature of environmental protection of small-sized rubbish treating apparatus;
2) utilize air-cooled fire grate 11 that the required hot blast of burning and cooling and protection fire grate are provided, can adapt to extremely expediently the feature of small-sized processing stove possibility discontinuous operation;
3) at rubbish storage tank 1, be provided with gland 2, and be provided with steam fairlead 5 and tandem-driving bogie 17, while avoiding moving, foul smell is excessive; By reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end, cut somebody's hair and 3 rubbish is pushed to charing cylinder 7, when backing down the bottom 8 of charing cylinder 7, reinforced cutting somebody's hair 3 stops action, and all these all can be realized by mechanism easy and simple to handle, and it is simple and easy, convenient to make to safeguard;
4) the standby following features of charing combustion stove of the present invention can ensure the processing of small-sized rubbish clean burning:
Adopt charing burning form, allow rubbish after experience charing, generate fugitive constituent burning, part charcoal is by steam gasification after-combustion, in external combustion chamber, 12 burnings is gas and charcoal, steady fuel efficiency fruit is played in the burning of charcoal, guarantees stable operation, clean more than traditional burning;
Adopt the hot-air burning after preheating, in prioritization scheme, air intake 16 is connected into external combustion chamber 12 with tangential form, not only makes the flying dust in combustion-gas flow separated, and gas residence time is extended; Air-flow is flow backwards and is entered external combustion chamber 12 by air-cooled fire grate 11, then upwards flows, turning back of eddy flow hot blast and air-flow combines like this, realized combustible component high-temperature region compared with long residence time and burn thoroughly; Avoid the generation of bioxin;
Make rubbish reclaimed by thermogenetic water vapour 4 and react again and the charcoal that gasifies with fugitive constituent for vaporizer 9, not only save the energy, and improved burning, and avoided the discharge of foul smell.
The charcoal producing can be according to the feature of rubbish and local conditions of demand, and in external combustion chamber, 12 base burnings fall or directly with the form of charcoal, discharge.When existing a huge sum of money to belong in rubbish, with the form of charcoal, discharge and can alleviate the harmfulness of heavy metal, because the heavy metal being contained in charcoal is difficult to leach.And existing incineration technology can evaporate into most of heavy metal in flue gas;
5) small-sized charing combustion furnace of the present invention can also be realized the energy of rubbish: when the calorific value of rubbish is enough high, the bottom surrounding of air-cooled fire grate 11 arranges the outer defeated utilization of combustion gas suction pipe 28 recovery section combustion gas 27.
6) measure that the extra simplification of charing combustion furnace of the present invention is safeguarded has:
(a) the vertical reinforced charing cylinder 7 declining, has avoided card and stifled; The blanking device that is better than other form;
(b) opening of bottom 8 relies on simple machinery, avoided fault;
(c) 12 of vaporizer 9 and exterior combustion chambers rely on simple refractory brick to separate; Durable in use;
(d)utilize air-cooled stove reclaim heat and protect fire grate 11, simple, fault rate is few;
(e)at vaporizer, upper furnace door 10 is set, clears up large slag, avoided fire grate plugging fault;
7) optimally, the top of Ke of the present invention external combustion chamber 18 adds one deck filter 19, use high-temperature acidic gas purifying agent particle filtering, the flue gas that burning is produced down except sour gas in higher temperature conditions, add that particle is filtered simultaneously, also further avoid producing in follow-up flue gas cooling procedure the possibility of bioxin.Pressure in simultaneously can also balance burner hearth 18.
For this reason, small-sized charing of the present invention combustion chamber can be applicable to small towns and outlying district garbage disposal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rubbish charing combustion furnace schematic diagram of the circular vaporizer of the employing of simple and easy maintenance and fire grate;
Fig. 2 is the employing rectangle vaporizer of simple and easy maintenance and the rubbish charing combustion furnace schematic diagram of fire grate;
Fig. 3 is the structural diagrams of circular vaporizer and fire grate;
Fig. 4 is the structural diagrams of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the rubbish charing combustion furnace of simple and easy maintenance has surplus heat while reclaiming;
Fig. 6 is that the rubbish charing combustion furnace of simple and easy maintenance has employing rectangle vaporizer that combustion gas draws and the structural diagrams of fire grate;
Fig. 7 is that the rubbish charing combustion furnace of simple and easy maintenance has employing rectangle vaporizer that combustion gas draws and the schematic diagram of fire grate;
Schematic diagram when Fig. 8 reclaims for adopting the rubbish charing combustion furnace of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate to have surplus heat;
The schematic diagram of Fig. 9 for adopting the rubbish charing combustion furnace of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate to have combustion gas to draw;
Figure 10 is that rubbish charing combustion furnace has employing rectangle vaporizer that combustion gas draws and the structural diagrams of fire grate;
Number in the figure: 1 rubbish storage tank; 2 glands; 3 reinforced cutting somebody's hair; 4 steam rows mouthful; 5 steam pipes; 6 steam bottles; 7 charing cylinders; The bottom of 8 charing cylinders; 9 vaporizers; 10 upper furnace doors; 11 air-cooled fire grates; 12 external combustion chambers; 13 ash outlets; 14 cold wind; 15 steam vents; 16 hot-wind inlets; 17 pressure balance cases; 18 outer burner hearths, 19 filters; 20 Pressure gauges; 21 flue gas cleaners; 22 control device; 23 legs; 24 water-cooled coil pipes; 25 cold water; 26 hot water; 27 combustible gases are drawn; 28 combustion gas suction pipes.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in the figure, described charing combustion furnace, by rubbish storage tank 1, has the charing cylinder 7 of steam vent; Vaporizer 9; Air-cooled fire grate 11; External combustion chamber 12; The critical pieces such as outer burner hearth 18, flue gas cleaner 21 and the annex composition that ensures the normal operation of critical piece.
Operation principle is: the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1, through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, 3 push in charing cylinder 7, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is in vaporizer 9, and have a steam vent 15, the volatile matter and the charcoal that produce are reformed and gasify in vaporizer 8, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11, and steady combustion effect is played simultaneously by Tan external combustion chamber; The flue gas producing leaves burner hearth after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enters smoke eliminator 21.
In optimizing operating scheme, hot blast import 16 is tangential entries, presents eddy flow and flue gas was extended in the high-temperature region time of staying in hot blast combustion outer chamber 12.
The airtight foul smell of avoiding of described rubbish storage tank 1 escapes, and this storage tank 1 can store the rubbish charing quantity combusted of 3 ~ 4h; Rubbish 3 pushes charing cylinder 7 downwards by certain frequency by reinforced cutting somebody's hair.
Optimally, the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1 is cut somebody's hair and 3 rubbish is pushed to charing cylinder 7 by reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end, and when backing down the bottom 8 of charing cylinder 7, reinforced cutting somebody's hair 3 stops action.
The section of described charing cylinder 7 is circle or rectangle, and quantity is one or more.
Optimally, when garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, the section of charing cylinder is that an edge lengths is 3 times of above rectangles of another side length, and quantity is 1 or a plurality of.
Optimally, when garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, section is circular, and quantity is 1.
Described charing cylinder 7, it and rubbish storage tank 1 part of joining, has water vapor hole, collects steam after pressure balance case 17, lead to vaporizer 9 by steam bottle 6.
Bottom 8 is arranged at the bottom of described charing cylinder 7, in reinforced 3 the thrust of cutting somebody's hair, enough pushes open greatly time, and non-reinforced period bottom 8 automatically closes under the effect of control device 23.
Described vaporizer 9 tops are that pyramid type, bottom are column types, and column type bottom connects circular air-cooled fire grate 11, and air-cooled fire grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.Or described vaporizer 9 is rectangle (containing square) bodies, rectangle wall bottom connects the air-cooled fire grate 11 of rectangle, and air-cooled fire grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
Described vaporizer 9 and described external combustion chamber 12 are respectively equipped with upper furnace door 10 and ash outlet 13, by the upper furnace door 10 large slag of raking off; By ash outlet 13, discharge even charcoal of tiny lime-ash.
Described burner hearth 18 tops are by the pressure of maintain-30Pa of air-introduced machine ~-100Pa.
In optimizing operating scheme, described outer burner hearth 18 is provided with filter with equalizing pressure and filters sour gas on top; The lime that has shaped granule shape in filter, at high temperature to absorb the sour gas in flue gas, avoids the synthetic of dioxin in flue gas cooling procedure.
By said apparatus, for the treatment of certain small towns rubbish, certain small towns garbage collecting and transferring amount is 580kg every day, moisture 48%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6300KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the transportation range at county town, surpasses 50km.Adopt this house refuse charing combustion furnace to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of battery, fluorescent tube, vial, large-size and fragment of brick etc. in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 200 L, can hold house refuse 100kg, the diameter 300mm of charing cylinder 7, height 0.8m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is discharged volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of vaporizer 9 interior parts, is reformed and gasifies in vaporizer 8, proceeds to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.Vaporizer 9 is for pyramid type connects column type, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also circular.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tangential gas flow, presents eddy flow and makes flue gas time of staying of 12 extends in high-temperature region.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; The charcoal gasifying on air-cooled fire grate 11 as gasifying agent.
The flue gas producing purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, leaves outer burner hearth 18.Outer burner hearth 18 be set to-100Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21.Smoke eliminator 21 is for there being the container of three layers of lime filter, with the Ca (OH) that is shaped to cylindrical particles shape
2, at the Ca (OH) of preparation cylindrical particles shape
2time, can adopt the given soda modified lime method preparation of patent CN02151026.Flue gas after final purification is discharged by air-introduced machine.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 2
The garbage collecting and transferring amount on certain island is 4580kg every day, moisture 45%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6500KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the transportation range of nearby urban, surpasses 60km.Adopt this house refuse charing combustion furnace to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of battery, fluorescent tube, vial, large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 1.3m
3, can hold house refuse 580kg, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.28m * 1.1m * 1.3m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is discharged volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of vaporizer 9 interior parts, is reformed and gasifies in vaporizer 9, proceeds to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is square, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also square.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tangential gas flow, presents eddy flow and makes flue gas time of staying of 12 extends in high-temperature region.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; The charcoal gasifying on air-cooled fire grate 11 as gasifying agent.
The flue gas producing purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enter outer burner hearth 18 tops, outer burner hearth 18 tops are provided with water-cooled coil pipe 24 and produce the outer defeated utilization of hot water 26, be set to-60Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation is used, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace operation itself only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 3
The garbage collecting and transferring amount in certain small towns is 2080kg every day, moisture 45%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6500KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the transportation range of nearby urban, surpasses 60km.There is unnecessary stalk 2500kg in this small towns simultaneously, is discarded in field open burning.Adopt this rubbish charing combustion furnace to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of battery, fluorescent tube, vial, large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.Crushed stalk is pressed thick piece.Adopt charing combustion furnace Treating straw of the present invention and rubbish, after the rubbish that is disposed every day, start Treating straw.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 1.3m
3, can hold house refuse 580kg, or stalk piece 550kg, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.28m * 1.1m * 1.3m.The thick piece of rubbish or stalk 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is discharged volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of vaporizer 9 interior parts, is reformed and gasifies in vaporizer 9, proceeds to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is square, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also square.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tiling air-flow, presents tiling stream and prevention air turbulence.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; The charcoal gasifying on air-cooled fire grate 11 as gasifying agent.Lower disposed at air-cooled fire grate 11 has combustion gas suction pipe 28, part combustion gas is drawn, and after the combustion gas of output 27 is purified, send into this town cultivation factory and do fuel, and this fuel gases calorific value is at 6-8.5 MJ/Nm after testing
3between.
When straw charring burns, lime-ash is raked off separately and is sent into farmland.When rubbish charing is burnt, lime-ash is raked off separately and is sent brick field.
The flue gas producing purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enters outer burner hearth 18 tops, outer burner hearth 18 be set to-60Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is flue gas sieve plate washer, adopts Ca (OH)
2solution spraying, solution circulation is used, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace operation itself only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 4
The garbage collecting and transferring amount at certain county town is 9.8 tons of every days, moisture 51%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6050KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the incineration plant transportation range of nearby urban, surpasses 100km.Adopt this house refuse charing combustion furnace to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of battery, fluorescent tube, vial, large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance; And it is broken by garbage rough that 1, pulverizer is set.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 2.5m
3, can hold 1.2 tons of house refuses, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.25m * 1.6m * 2.0m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is discharged volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of vaporizer 9 interior parts, is reformed and gasifies in vaporizer 9, proceeds to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is that an edge lengths is the rectangle of 2.2 times of another sides, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tangential gas flow, presents eddy flow and makes flue gas time of staying of 12 extends in high-temperature region.When refuse thermal value is higher, the water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; The charcoal gasifying on air-cooled fire grate 11 as gasifying agent.
The flue gas producing purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enter outer burner hearth 18 tops, outer burner hearth 18 tops are provided with water-cooled coil pipe and produce hot water, cold water enters the softening processing of front process, and the hot water of generation is as the use of bathroom thermal source.Be set to-30Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation is used, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This 1 class of rubbish charing combustion furnace operation itself needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 5
Certain small towns garbage collecting and transferring amount is 1990kg every day, moisture 50%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6100KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the transportation range at county town, surpasses 50km.Adopt this house refuse charing combustion furnace to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of battery, fluorescent tube, vial, large-size and fragment of brick etc. in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 500 L, can hold house refuse 250kg, the diameter 300mm of charing cylinder 7, height 1.2m, establishes parallel 2, reinforced cutting somebody's hair 3 can push rubbish respectively in 2 charing cylinders by displacement, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the bottom of 2 charing cylinders all covers on vaporizer 9 inside, has steam vent 15, discharge volatile matter and in vaporizer 8, be reformed and gasify, via air-cooled fire grate 11, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is rectangle, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tangential gas flow, presents eddy flow and makes flue gas time of staying of 12 extends in high-temperature region.When refuse thermal value is higher, the water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; The charcoal gasifying on air-cooled fire grate as gasifying agent.
The flue gas producing purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, leaves outer burner hearth 18, outer burner hearth 18 be set to-80Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21.Smoke eliminator 21 is for there being three layers of NaHCO
3the container of filter, by NaHCO
3prior and clay mixed-forming is columned particle.Flue gas after final purification is discharged by air-introduced machine.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 6
The generation of certain paper mill rubbish is 9.9 tons of every days, moisture 44%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 7050KJ/kg, there is no landfill place, to the incineration plant transportation range of nearby urban, surpasses 50km and needs a large sum of disposal costs.Adopt small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace of the present invention to process, rubbish is chosen the stone of glass, large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 2.5m
3, can hold 1.2 tons, rubbish, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.25m * 1.6m * 2.0m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, in charing cylinder 7, be heated and carry out charing, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is discharged volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of vaporizer 9 interior parts, is reformed and gasifies in vaporizer 9, proceeds to external combustion chamber 12 burn via air-cooled fire grate 11; Simultaneously reinforced, cut somebody's hair 3 when reinforced, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops in bottom, fire grate 11He external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal of 12 bottoms, Er external combustion chamber burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is that an edge lengths is the rectangle of 2.2 times of another sides, and air-cooled fire grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot blast import 16 enters in exterior combustion chamber 12 with tangential gas flow, presents eddy flow and makes flue gas time of staying of 12 extends in high-temperature region.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 is sent into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As gasify charcoal on air-cooled fire grate 11 fugitive constituent is reformed of gasifying agent.
Lower disposed at air-cooled fire grate 11 has combustion gas suction pipe 28, part combustion gas is drawn, and the combustion gas of output 27 is sent in the boiler in paper mill and burnt, and has saved boiler oil.
The flue gas that the fuel gas buring of not drawing produces purifies after part sour gas by being arranged on the lime filter of burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after heating the rubbish in charing cylinder 7 in burner hearth 18 outside, enters outer burner hearth 18 tops, outer burner hearth 18 be set to-50Pa of top negative pressure; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation is used, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB 18485-2014.This 1 class of rubbish charing combustion furnace operation itself needs 1 people to look after.
Above-described embodiment has been shown the present invention's adoptable Implementation Modes in actual applications.But the present invention comprises any garbage processing procedure with burning again after charing.Substantive benefit of the present invention is that rubbish burns in advance after pyrolysis charring again, and uses air-cooled fire grate that fugitive constituent is turned back, and avoids the generation of bioxin.
Claims (12)
1. a small-sized house refuse charing combustion furnace, it is characterized in that: described charing combustion furnace comprises rubbish storage tank (1), the charing cylinder (7) that has steam vent, vaporizer (9), air-cooled fire grate (11), external combustion chamber (12), outer burner hearth (18) and the flue gas cleaner (21) that rubbish sealing charging is used, wherein:
In described charing combustion furnace, be provided with charing cylinder (7), vaporizer (9), steam bottle (6) and outer burner hearth (18); Charing combustion furnace top is provided with rubbish storage tank (1), and bottom and periphery are provided with external combustion chamber (12); In rubbish storage tank (1), be provided with reinforced cut somebody's hair (3); Charing cylinder (7) top that is positioned at outer burner hearth (18) is provided with steam bottle (6), charing cylinder (7) top connects rubbish storage tank (1) discharging opening, the lower cover of charing cylinder (7) is in vaporizer (9), and having steam vent (15), vaporizer (9) bottom connects external combustion chamber (12) by air-cooled fire grate (11); Described steam bottle (6) is arranged mouthful (4) and steam pipe (5) Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie (17) by steam, described vaporizer (9) one sides, by steam pipe (5) Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie (17), are collected steam by steam bottle (6) and after pressure balance case (17), are led to vaporizer (9); Described outer burner hearth (18) top one side is provided with Pressure gauge (20), and described outer burner hearth (18) also connects flue gas cleaner (21) by pipeline;
Rubbish in rubbish storage tank (1), through reinforced cut somebody's hair (3), push in charing cylinder (7), in charing cylinder (7), be heated and carry out charing, the volatile matter and the charcoal that produce are reformed and gasify at vaporizer (9), via air-cooled fire grate (11), proceed to external combustion chamber (12) and burn, play steady combustion effect simultaneously; The flue gas producing leaves burner hearth after the middle rubbish heating in charing cylinder (7) of burner hearth (18) outside, enters flue gas cleaner (21);
Described external combustion chamber (12) is provided with hot blast import (16).
2. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hot blast import (16) is tangential entry, makes to present eddy flow in hot blast combustion outer chamber (12).
3. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rubbish storage tank (1) is airtight, avoids foul smell to escape.
4. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rubbish in rubbish storage tank (1) pushes charing cylinder (7) by end reinforced the cutting somebody's hair (3) identical with charing cylinder section configuration by rubbish.
5. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, the section that it is characterized in that described charing cylinder (7) is circle or rectangle, quantity is one or more; When garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder (7) section is that an edge lengths is 3 times of above rectangles of another side length, and quantity is 1 or a plurality of; When garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder (7) section is circular, and quantity is 1.
6. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, the bottom that it is characterized in that described charing cylinder (7) is provided with bottom (8), in the thrust of reinforced cut somebody's hair (3), enough push open greatly time, non-reinforced period bottom (8) automatically closes under the effect of control device (22).
7. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vaporizer (9) top is that pyramid type, bottom are column types, column type bottom connects circular air-cooled fire grate (11), has feet (23) to stand in external combustion chamber (12) under air-cooled fire grate (11).
8. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vaporizer (9) is rectangular configuration, rectangle wall bottom connects the air-cooled fire grate (11) of rectangle, has feet (23) to stand in external combustion chamber (12) under air-cooled fire grate (11).
9. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described vaporizer (9) and described external combustion chamber (12) are respectively equipped with upper furnace door (10) and ash outlet (13), by upper furnace door (10) the large slag of raking off; By ash outlet (13), discharge even charcoal of tiny lime-ash.
10. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described outer burner hearth (18) upper pressure maintain-30Pa ~-100Pa.
11. charing combustion furnaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that the top of burner hearth (18) arranges water-cooled coil pipe (24), to reclaim hot water.
12. charing combustion furnaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that the bottom surrounding of air-cooled fire grate (11) arranges the outer defeated utilization of combustion gas suction pipe (28) recovery section combustion gas (27).
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| CN108662588A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-16 | 庞礴 | Domestic garbage gasification burns integrated incinerator |
| CN111334333A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 北京鼎勝投资管理有限公司 | Method for heating treatment in gasification furnace |
| CN111473333A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-31 | 北京鼎勝投资管理有限公司 | Novel garbage purification treatment method |
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| CN104100980B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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