CN102641880A - Harmless gasification treating process for medical waste - Google Patents
Harmless gasification treating process for medical waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102641880A CN102641880A CN2012100652985A CN201210065298A CN102641880A CN 102641880 A CN102641880 A CN 102641880A CN 2012100652985 A CN2012100652985 A CN 2012100652985A CN 201210065298 A CN201210065298 A CN 201210065298A CN 102641880 A CN102641880 A CN 102641880A
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- medical waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless gasification treating process for a medical waste. By the process, the water content of a biomass gasification auxiliary material is less than 40 percent, and the particle diameter is controlled to be between 0 and 10mm. The treating process comprises the following steps of: mixing the medical waste with the biomass gasification auxiliary material in volume ratio into a mixture, wherein metal and glass are removed from the medical waste and the medical waste is subjected to solid-liquid separation, adding the mixture into a medical waste treating gasification furnace at the speed of 1 to 50kg/h, operating a balance wheel to compress the mixture, covering a top cover, opening an exhaust pipe and a valve which is arranged on a primary air supply pipe, closing a valve on a secondary air supply pipe, starting a fan, and adjusting the temperature of the medical waste treating gasification furnace; and when flue gas which contains much and steam is exhausted, closing a valve on an exhaust pipe, opening a valve of the secondary air supply pipe, filtering crude gas generated by the medical waste treating gasification furnace through a silk bamboo net in a purified gas conveying pipe, and conveying purified gas into a gas burning tower. The treating process for the medical waste can perform harmless gasification treatment on the medical waste, saves transportation cost and treatment cost, and is obvious in social benefit and environment-friendly benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification process technology, relate in particular to a kind of innoxious gasification process technology of clinical waste (rubbish) that is used to handle medical industry, belong to the method for hazardous waste harmless treatment.
Background technology
It is a global problem that the clinical waste of at present various medical institutions (especially big-and-middle-sized hospital) being collected (also claiming medical waste) carries out harmless treatment; Traditional processing method (or technology) is with medical wastes incineration; The direct result that burns clinical waste (rubbish) is serious environment pollution (because of containing hazardous substance in the flue gas), wastes resource again.Though the decision-making of government department is to set up clinical waste to focus on the center; Its processing method is still burned; Thisly can bring the method city of secondary pollution or the common people in rural area all can't accept, in addition processing cost be high again, never is developing direction to environment.Before the present invention, the method for carrying out innoxious gasification process of clinical waste is not also seen relevant report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology of utilizing special-purpose MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace and combustion gas burning tower clinical waste to be carried out on the spot innoxious gasification process; Both clinical waste was handled in the medical center on the spot; The combustion gas that produces can provide heat energy to people again; Accomplish comprehensive utilization, exempt environmental pollution.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the innoxious gasification process technology of described a kind of clinical waste, and the firstth, with the metal in the clinical waste with glass article is picked out and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid; Carry out the preparation of the auxiliary material of living beings gasification; The secondth, the auxiliary material of living beings gasification is carried out drying or charing processing, make water content be lower than 40%, particle diameter is 0~10mm; The 3rd is to mix clinical waste with the auxiliary material of living beings gasification; Get clinical waste: volume ratio=(5~10) of the auxiliary material of living beings gasification: (0~4), mixing becomes compound, puts into special-purpose feeding warehouse.
Before compound is put into the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace; Take off top cover, place auxiliary material to be gasified MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom air nozzle around, build the pipe lid; Close the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe; Open the hand-operated valve on smoke exhaust pipe and the blast pipe, compound is put in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace, put into speed controlling at 1~50kg/h.Manually-operated escapement in the blowing process is sent into compound in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace and is compressed.Open blower fan, regulate air quantity, making the temperature of MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom is 900~1500 ℃.When what discharge from smoke exhaust pipe is not when containing the flue gas of air and steam, to close the hand-operated valve on the smoke exhaust pipe, opens the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe, increases combustion gas and burns the oxygen content in the clean combustion gas in the tower.The traditional instrument net of thick combustion gas in clean gas supply pipe that is produced by the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace filters and becomes clean combustion gas and get into combustion gas and burn tower.
Refuse comprises the clothing and the house refuse of the gauze abandoned by medical institutions, absorbent cotton, infusion bottle, woven hose, band blood and band dung urine, and this is a kind of clinical waste of various in style, complicated component; And the auxiliary material of living beings gasifications comprises stalk, culled wood particle, wood sawdust, rice husk, and urban landscaping branches and leaves broken material can also be above-mentioned material by equal volume than the mixture that mixes or be pretreated half carbide of the advanced promoting the circulation of qiization of above-mentioned material.
Comprise top cover, location-plate, protruding axle, escapement, compressing rod, pressing plate, smoke exhaust pipe, feeding warehouse, body of heater, flame retardant coating, air nozzle, ash storage box, ajutage, blower fan, secondary blast pipe, clean gas supply pipe and a combustion gas burning tower for implementing the employed MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace of the innoxious gasification process technology of clinical waste.Center on the body of heater top is fixed with feeding warehouse, and the inner wall arrangement of feeding warehouse upper end has quantity more than or equal to 2 location-plate, and top cover is put in the top of feeding warehouse and locatees through location-plate.The outer wall that passes feeding warehouse in the radial position of feeding warehouse near location-plate is equipped with protruding axle, is furnished with escapement stretching out on the protruding axle of feeding warehouse one side outer wall, and an end activity of compressing rod is assemblied in the protruding back of protruding axle, and the other end of compressing rod has pressing plate.Interior finishing at body of heater has fire-resistant internal layer, and of smoke exhaust pipe is communicated with the cavity that is made up of feeding warehouse lower end and fire-resistant internal layer after passing outer wall and the fire-resistant internal layer of body of heater upper end.Quantity is housed more than or equal to 1 air nozzle on the ajutage after passing body of heater bottom both sides outer wall and the fire-resistant internal layer of bottom of furnace body, the hand-operated valve on ajutage is positioned at the outside of body of heater, and one of an ajutage has pipe lid, other end wind-connector.On an ajutage, be connected with of secondary blast pipe near blower fan, the other end of secondary blast pipe is connected into combustion gas and burns in the tower.
Symmetrical with exhaust duct; Stretch in the cavity that is made up of feeding warehouse lower end and fire-resistant internal layer after of clean gas supply pipe passes body of heater upper end outer wall and fire-resistant internal layer, the combustion gas output of clean gas supply pipe is connected through the gas transmission inlet that tube connector burns tower with combustion gas.
Adopt the innoxious gasification process technology of a kind of clinical waste that as above technical scheme provides compared with prior art, technique effect is:
1. can carry out innoxious gasification process on the spot to clinical waste, need not concentrate, greatly save transportation and processing cost.
2. the hospital of various scales all can adopt this technology, and the biological fuel gas that in processing procedure, produces can be used as the thermal source that hospital is used for hot water, heating, food and drink etc.
3. free from environmental pollution, have obvious social and environment protecting.Clinical waste is a kind of energy through the combustion gas that is produced after the gasification process, can be used for people, and be main mainly at the flue gas that initial stage produced of gasification with air and water vapour, help burning through the combustion-helping device in the burning tower, do not cause secondary pollution.
4. the gasification treatment device structure is comparatively simple, uses easy to maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the used MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace of the innoxious gasification process technology of described a kind of clinical waste, also is Figure of abstract of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Do further to describe in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1; Realize that a kind of MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace used in the present invention also can be referred to as the batch (-type) gasification furnace; It comprises that top cover 1, location-plate 2, protruding axle 3, escapement 4, compressing rod 5, pressing plate 6, smoke exhaust pipe 7, feeding warehouse 8, body of heater 9, fire-resistant internal layer 10, air nozzle 11, hopper 12, ajutage 13, blower fan 14, secondary blast pipe 15, clean gas supply pipe 16 and a combustion gas burn tower 17; Wherein on smoke exhaust pipe 7, ajutage 13 and secondary blast pipe 15, hand-operated valve is housed; Blower fan 14 is selected 3~30w mini fan for use, and air nozzle 11 is selected resistant to elevated temperatures air nozzle, prior art for use; Compressing rod 5 selects for use refractory material to make with pressing plate 6 the bests, and is high temperature resistant.The feeding warehouse 8 that is connected/is equipped with in the center on body of heater 9 tops, the shape of said body of heater 9 and feeding warehouse 8 can be drum shape.The inner wall arrangement of feeding warehouse 8 upper ends/be fixed with quantity is more than or equal to 2 location-plate 2, and said location-plate 2 also can be made into an all-in-one-piece centring ring.Top cover 1 is put in the top of feeding warehouse 8 and through location-plate 2 location, top cover 1 can not be slided from the top of feeding warehouse 8.The outer wall that passes feeding warehouse 8 in the radial position of feeding warehouse 8 near location-plate 2 is equipped with protruding axle 3; On the protruding axle that stretches out feeding warehouse 8 one side outer walls 3, is furnished with escapement 4; An activity of compressing rod 5 is assemblied in the protruding back of protruding axle 3; The other end of compressing rod 5 is connected with (fork-shaped) pressing plate 6, and protruding axle 3 rotates drive compressing rod 5 risings and declines thereby operating personnel's clockwise direction and counter-clockwise direction are rotated escapement 4 drives.
Interior finishing at body of heater 9 has fire-resistant internal layer 10, and its thickness is different.Fire-resistant internal layer 10 usefulness refractory materials are made; It can be anti-900~1500 ℃ high temperature indeformable, do not come off, an outer wall and fire-resistant internal layer 10 backs of passing body of heater 9 upper ends of (band hand-operated valve or control valve) smoke exhaust pipe 7 are communicated with the cavitys that formed by feeding warehouse 8 lower ends and fire-resistant internal layer 10.Quantity is installed more than or equal to 1 air nozzle 11 on the ajutage 13 after passing this 9 bottom both sides outer wall of stove and the fire-resistant internal layer 10 in body of heater 9 bottoms; On air nozzle 11, be processed with quantity greater than 1 fumarole or jet notch, make of the longitudinal center line coincidence of the longitudinal center line of air nozzle 11 when air nozzle 11 is installed with the longitudinal center line and the feeding warehouse 8 of body of heater 9.Hand-operated valve (or control valve) on ajutage 13 is positioned at the outside of body of heater 9; One of an ajutage 13 has pipe to cover 14a; Other end wind-connector 14; On an ajutage 13, be connected with of (band hand-operated valve or control valve) secondary blast pipe 15 near blower fan 14, can connect a blower fan separately on the secondary blast pipe 15.Close the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe 15; Build pipe and cover 14a, open the hand-operated valve on the ajutage 13 one time, start blower fan 14; Outside air can get in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace through air nozzle 11 from an ajutage 13, and the other end of secondary blast pipe 15 is communicated with combustion gas and burns tower 17.
Symmetrical with smoke exhaust pipe 7; Stretch in the cavity that constitutes by feeding warehouse 8 lower ends and fire-resistant internal layer 10 after having of clean gas supply pipe 16 to pass outer wall and the fire-resistant internal layer 10 of body of heater 9; Clean combustion gas is in this cavity gets into clean gas supply pipe 16; The section of said clean gas supply pipe 16 is circular or square, and the downside of clean gas supply pipe 16 becomes α angle (get usually α=0~30 °) with horizontal plane.The combustion gas output of clean gas supply pipe 16 is connected through the fuel gas inlet that tube connector burns tower 17 with combustion gas, and the outlet side of secondary blast pipe 15 is connected into combustion gas and burns in the tower 17.When outside air behind the hand-operated valve of opening on the secondary blast pipe 15 can get into the lower end inner chamber of combustion gas burning tower 17 and the oxygen content in the clean combustion gas mixing increase combustion gas through secondary blast pipe 15, improve the ignition temperature of combustion gas.
Said clinical waste is a kind of refuse of various in style, complicated component; It refers to the discarded object that medical institutions (especially big-and-middle-sized hospital and small-sized clinic) all will produce every day; Clothing like gauze, absorbent cotton, infusion bottle (glass infusion bottle must reclaim separately), woven hose (the metal injection pin can reclaim separately) and band blood or band dung urine; Also have house refuse all in the ward of being in hospital etc., all belong to clinical waste.
Before clinical waste is carried out innoxious gasification process, earlier clinical waste is classified, with wherein metal and glass article is picked out and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, bag distribution packaging.
Be ready to the auxiliary material of living beings gasification, the auxiliary material of living beings gasification helps out in the innoxious gasification process process of clinical waste.The auxiliary material of said living beings gasification comprises (corn, Chinese sorghum, cotton) stalk, culled wood particle, saw wood ash, wood chip or urban landscaping branches and leaves broken material etc.; It also can be mixture (its hybridization available qualityization 1: 1: 1: 1 of above-mentioned material ...); Also can the advanced promoting the circulation of qi preliminary treatment of above-mentioned material be become carbonized material or half carbonized material, gasify as living beings with carbonized material and assist the material better effects if.
Carry out dried to the auxiliary material of living beings gasification, make its water content be lower than 40%, particle diameter is 0~10mm,
Clinical waste is mixed with the auxiliary material of living beings gasification; Its mixing ratio is controlled at clinical waste: the living beings gasification is auxiliary expects by volume=(5~10): (0~4); Mixing becomes compound, puts into special-purpose feeding warehouse, or puts into special-purpose feeding warehouse again behind the bag distribution packaging." volume " described herein is the volume of stacking naturally of clinical waste, the auxiliary material of living beings gasification.
Before the compound that clinical waste is mixed with the auxiliary material of living beings gasification is put into the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace; Take off top cover 1; Auxiliary material to be gasified is placed MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom air nozzle 11 around, auxiliary material to be gasified described herein is good with charcoal usually.Build pipe and cover 14a, close the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe 15, and open the hand-operated valve on smoke exhaust pipe 7 and the ajutage 13, compound is put in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace, its adding speed controlling is at 1~50kg/h.In the blowing process; Manually-operated escapement 4; In the clockwise direction or counter-clockwise direction rotate escapement 4, rotational angle is that counter-clockwise direction or clockwise direction rotate 360 °, clockwise direction and counter-clockwise direction or counter-clockwise direction and clockwise direction rotation escapement 4 again later on again after 180 °.The rotation of escapement 4 drives protruding axle 3 and escapement 4 synchronization actions, and compressing rod 5 and binder 6 are moved up and down, and constantly sends into bottom the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace and compresses getting into compound in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace, top cover 1 is built after filling compound.
Open blower fan 14; Outside air gets into the burning that air nozzle 11 sprays accelerating mixtures by an ajutage 13; What produce at burning initial stage mixture is that master's flue gas is through smoke exhaust pipe 7 discharges with air and water vapour; Also can go into to burn tower and help burning, the air output of control blower fan 14, making the temperature of MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom is 900~1500 ℃.Along with the growth of time, each layer mixture in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace takes fire, decomposes, fissions, and (said thick combustion gas is for containing 50~300mg/m to become thick combustion gas
3The combustion gas of dust).When discharge from smoke exhaust pipe 7 be not flue gas or water vapour the time, close the hand-operated valve on the smoke exhaust pipe 7, and open the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe 15, let get into combustion gas from the outside air part of blower fan 14 through secondary blast pipe 15 and burn towers 17.Thick combustion gas this moment is by getting into clean gas supply pipe 16 in the cavity that constitutes between feeding warehouse 8 lower end outer walls and fire-resistant internal layer 10 upper strata inwalls, (clean combustion gas is meant and is lower than 30mg/m to become clean combustion gas behind the traditional instrument net filtration of thick combustion gas in clean gas supply pipe 16
3The combustion gas of dust) get into combustion gas and burn tower 17, it is prior art that tower 17 is burned in said combustion gas, and the southern bamboo silk of the available China of traditional instrument net is formed the tar in its adsorbable thick combustion gas etc.Because the downside of clean gas supply pipe 16 becomes the α angle with horizontal plane, do not flowed back into after the condensation and carry out the gasification second time in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace by the inwall of the clean gas supply pipe 16 of tar warp of traditional instrument net absorption.Clean combustion gas send combustion gas burning tower 17 to burn.
Take turns after the compound gasification process finishes one, get second again and take turns compound and carry out innoxious gasification process.Fall into storage ash bin 12 and focus on (sanitary landfills) through several dusts of being generated after the gasification process (account for mixture quality about 2%) of taking turns; Fall into the fumarole of few part dust from air nozzle 11 in ajutage 13 (normally under the blowing out state) if having; Get lower tube cap 14a and draw out dust (using up) and get final product, reach purpose of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the innoxious gasification process technology of clinical waste is picked out metal in the clinical waste and glass article, and is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid; Be ready to the auxiliary material of living beings gasification; It is characterized in that: the auxiliary material of living beings gasification is handled, made water content be lower than 40%, particle diameter is 0~10mm; Mix clinical waste with the auxiliary material of living beings gasification; Get clinical waste: volume ratio=(5~10) of the auxiliary material of living beings gasification: (0~4), mixing becomes compound, puts into special-purpose feeding warehouse;
Before compound is put into the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace; Take off top cover (1), auxiliary material to be gasified place MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom air nozzle (11) around, build pipe lid (14a); Close the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe (15); Open the hand-operated valve on a smoke exhaust pipe (7) and the blast pipe (13), compound is put in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace, put into speed controlling at 1~50kg/h; Manually-operated escapement (4) in the blowing process is sent into compound in the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace and is compressed; Open blower fan (14), regulate air quantity, making the temperature of MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace bottom is 900~1500 ℃; When smoke exhaust pipe (7) is not discharged the flue gas that contains air and steam; Close the hand-operated valve on the smoke exhaust pipe (7); Open the hand-operated valve on the secondary blast pipe (15); Increase combustion gas and burn the oxygen content of clean combustion gas in the tower (17), the traditional instrument net of thick combustion gas in clean gas supply pipe (16) that is produced by the MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace filters and becomes clean combustion gas and get into combustion gas and burn tower (17); Wherein
Clinical waste comprises the clothing and the house refuse of gauze, absorbent cotton, infusion bottle, woven hose, band blood and band dung urine that medical institutions produce;
The auxiliary material of living beings gasifications comprises stalk, culled wood particle, wood sawdust, rice husk, and urban landscaping branches and leaves broken material can also be above-mentioned material by equal volume than the mixture that mixes or be pretreated half carbide of the advanced promoting the circulation of qiization of above-mentioned material.
2. implement the employed MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace of the innoxious gasification process technology of the described a kind of clinical waste of claim 1; Comprise top cover (1), location-plate (2), protruding axle (3), escapement (4), compressing rod (5), pressing plate (6), smoke exhaust pipe (7), feeding warehouse (8), body of heater (9), flame retardant coating (10), air nozzle (11), an ajutage (13), blower fan (14), secondary blast pipe (15), clean gas supply pipe (16) and combustion gas burning tower (17); It is characterized in that: the center on body of heater (9) top is fixed with feeding warehouse (8); The inner wall arrangement of feeding warehouse (8) upper end has quantity more than or equal to 2 location-plate (2), and top cover (1) is put in the top of feeding warehouse (8) and locatees through location-plate (2); The outer wall that passes feeding warehouse (8) in the radial position of feeding warehouse (8) near location-plate (2) is equipped with protruding axle (3); Is furnished with escapement (4) stretching out on the protruding axle (3) of feeding warehouse (8) one side outer walls; One end activity of compressing rod (5) is assemblied in the protruding back of protruding axle (3), and the other end of compressing rod (5) has pressing plate (6); Inwall at body of heater (9) has fire-resistant internal layer (10), and an outer wall and fire-resistant internal layer (a 10) back of passing body of heater (9) upper end of smoke exhaust pipe (7) is communicated with the cavity that is made up of feeding warehouse (8) lower end and fire-resistant internal layer (10); Quantity is housed more than or equal to 1 air nozzle (11) on the ajutage (13) after passing body of heater (9) both sides, bottom outer wall and body of heater (9) bottom fire-resistant internal layer (10); Hand-operated valve on the ajutage (13) is positioned at the outside of body of heater (9); One of an ajutage (13) has pipe lid (14a), other end wind-connector (14); On an ajutage (13), be connected with of secondary blast pipe (15) near blower fan (14), the other end of secondary blast pipe (15) is connected into combustion gas and burns in the tower (17);
Symmetrical with exhaust duct (7); Stretch in the cavity that is made up of feeding warehouse (8) lower end and fire-resistant internal layer (10) after of clean gas supply pipe (16) passes body of heater (9) upper end outer wall and fire-resistant internal layer (10), the combustion gas output of clean gas supply pipe (16) is connected through the gas transmission inlet that tube connector burns tower (17) with combustion gas.
3. the employed MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace of the innoxious gasification process technology of a kind of clinical waste according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the longitudinal center line of the same body of heater of longitudinal center line (9) of air nozzle (11) and the longitudinal center line of feeding warehouse (8) overlap.
4. the employed MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT gasification furnace of the innoxious gasification process technology of a kind of clinical waste according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: section becomes the α angle for the downside of circular or square clean gas supply pipe (16) with horizontal plane, said α=0~30 °.
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CN102942963A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Production process of biomass gasifying and carbonizing material |
CN103525468A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 湖南鹞翔科技有限公司 | Medical waste gasification treatment and combustion device |
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CN102942963A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Production process of biomass gasifying and carbonizing material |
CN102927596B (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2017-04-05 | 湖南兴邦教育发展有限公司 | A kind of biomass are into carbon gasification stove |
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