CN111928263A - System for utilize rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle hazardous waste - Google Patents

System for utilize rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle hazardous waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111928263A
CN111928263A CN202010660863.7A CN202010660863A CN111928263A CN 111928263 A CN111928263 A CN 111928263A CN 202010660863 A CN202010660863 A CN 202010660863A CN 111928263 A CN111928263 A CN 111928263A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
rotary kiln
kiln incinerator
tower
waste
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CN202010660863.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
康传海
牟凯丽
沈彦志
张磊
初庆运
邹红
董超
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Shandong Dongshun Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Dongshun Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010660863.7A priority Critical patent/CN111928263A/en
Publication of CN111928263A publication Critical patent/CN111928263A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/685—Halogens or halogen compounds by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator, which comprises an incineration unit, a waste heat boiler, a quench tower, a dry deacidification tower, a dust remover, a wet adsorption tower and an active coke adsorption device which are sequentially communicated; the incineration unit comprises a rotary kiln incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first waste liquid input pipe, the first waste liquid input pipe is communicated with a first atomizer, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first combustor, a first air port and a first flue gas outlet, and the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a second combustor, a second air port, a second flue gas outlet and a second atomizer. The system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator can adapt to solid and liquid wastes with different sizes and different danger degrees, has stronger adaptability to the complexity and unpredictability of the components of the hazardous waste, and can incinerate various wastes simultaneously; and a two-stage combustion mode is adopted, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and harmless treatment is realized.

Description

System for utilize rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle hazardous waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator.
Background
The existing treatment process of industrial solid waste is to allow the industrial solid waste to stand in storage and discharge leachate and waste gas, then the leachate and the waste gas are burnt in an incinerator, and then the flue gas generated by the burning rate is discharged after heat energy recycling and flue gas purification, but the leachate causes secondary pollution, and the combustion heat value is low and the combustion is incomplete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator comprises an incineration unit, a waste heat boiler, a quench tower, a dry deacidification tower, a dust remover, a wet adsorption tower and an active coke adsorption device which are sequentially communicated;
the incineration unit comprises a rotary kiln incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a solid waste feed opening and a cover body matched with the solid waste feed opening, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first waste liquid input pipe, the first waste liquid input pipe is communicated with a first atomizer, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first combustor, a first air port and a first flue gas outlet, the first flue gas outlet of the rotary kiln incinerator is communicated with a flue gas inlet pipeline of the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a second combustor, a second air port, a second flue gas outlet and a second atomizer, the second atomizer is communicated with a second waste liquid input pipe, and the second flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the waste heat boiler.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator is combined with the rotary kiln incinerator and the secondary combustion chamber in sequence, and the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a solid feed inlet and a first atomizer communicated with a waste liquid input pipe, the second atomizer in the second combustion chamber is communicated with the waste liquid input pipe, so that the solid waste with low calorific value can be added into the rotary kiln incinerator, the waste liquid with low calorific value is sprayed into the rotary kiln incinerator through the atomizer, the solid waste continuously rolls along with the rotation of the rotary kiln, fully mixing with primary air, mixing with low-heat-value waste liquor, quickly drying, igniting and burning, and burning by means of self-heat value of waste material until it is basically burnt out, making the flue gas produced by incineration be fed into secondary combustion chamber, and high-calorific-value waste liquid in the secondary combustion chamber is sprayed in through the second atomizer, and the smoke which is not fully combusted in the rotary kiln enters the secondary combustion chamber to be continuously combusted, so that toxic and harmful substances and dioxin substances in the smoke are incinerated. The system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator realizes the harmless treatment of industrial solid waste and waste liquid, the solid waste with low combustion heat value is firstly combusted with the waste liquid with high heat value in the secondary combustion chamber, the combustion is complete, and the energy is saved.
Preferably, the exhaust-heat boiler is provided with a pin removal device, the pin removal device comprises a urea liquid storage tank, a first atomizing pump and a first spray gun which are sequentially communicated, and the first spray gun is arranged in a hearth of the exhaust-heat boiler.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator generates steam by using waste heat in flue gas through the waste heat boiler, and the generated steam is used for production, so that energy recovery and utilization are realized. And set up in exhaust-heat boiler and take off a round pin device, urea solution passes through atomizing pump promotion and gets into first spray gun, and in first return furnace of exhaust-heat boiler was spouted in to first spray gun by pressure atomizing, under the high temperature environment of flue gas after the burning, flue gas and the atomizing urea solution that sprays into fully mixed, NO in the flue gasxWith the component O2The urea solution is completely vaporized and taken away by the flue gas, thereby not only realizing the effective treatment of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, but also fully utilizing the high-temperature heat energy of the flue gas after combustion.
Preferably, the quench tower is a forward flow spray tower, a flue gas distribution mechanism and a cooling spray mechanism are arranged at the top of the quench tower, the flue gas distribution mechanism is communicated with a flue gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler, the cooling spray mechanism comprises a second atomizing pump and a second spray gun, and the second atomizing pump is communicated with a cooling water pipeline.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator takes the downstream spray tower as the quench tower, high-temperature flue gas enters from the downstream top, the flue gas is uniformly distributed in the tower through the gas distribution mechanism, softened water is sprayed into the top of the spray tower and is in direct contact with the flue gas to rapidly reduce the temperature of the flue gas, so that the temperature section for the dioxin resynthesis can be avoided, and the aim of inhibiting the dioxin regeneration is fulfilled. Besides cooling, the flue gas also has the functions of washing and dedusting in the process of quenching. A portion of the fly ash removed is discharged from the bottom of the quench tower.
Preferably, the dry deacidification tower comprises a lime bin, a disc feeder and a roots blower, a flue gas inlet is formed in the bottom of the dry deacidification tower, and the lime bin, the disc feeder and the roots blower are arranged at the top of the dry deacidification tower.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator treats acidic substances in flue gas through the dry deacidification tower, the flue gas enters from the bottom of the deacidification tower, the lime powder is stored in the lime bin, and the lime powder (Ca (OH) is continuously and uniformly treated through the disc feeder and the Roots blower2) Spraying into deacidifying tower, Ca (OH)2And SO in flue gas2、SO3HCl and HF react to produce CaSO3、CaSO4、CaCl2、CaF2And the like. At the same time, the flue gas contains CO2If present, a part of Ca (OH) is consumed2Formation of CaCO3. Because a large amount of water is sprayed into the quenching tower, the water is vaporized and changed into water vapor which enters the deacidification tower along with the flue gas, Ca (OH)2After absorbing the moisture in the flue gas, the reaction speed is accelerated.
Preferably, the dry deacidification tower is a vertical tower, the dry deacidification tower is lined with an anticorrosion and thermal insulation layer, and the bottom of the dry deacidification tower is provided with an ash discharging mechanism.
Preferably, the dry acid removal tower is communicated with the dust remover through a flue gas pipeline, an activated carbon ejector, an activated carbon storage bin and a screw unloader are arranged on the flue gas pipeline between the dry acid removal tower and the dust remover, and the activated carbon ejector is arranged inside the flue gas pipeline between the dry acid removal tower and the dust remover.
An activated carbon ejector is arranged on a flue gas pipeline between the dry-method deacidification tower and the dust remover, heavy metal, organic pollutants and the like in the flue gas are adsorbed by the activated carbon, the ejection point of the activated carbon is arranged on the flue gas pipeline between the dry-method deacidification tower and the bag-type dust remover, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage bin enters the ejector through an unloading screw machine, is ejected along the flowing direction of the flue gas, enters the subsequent dust remover along with the flue gas, and is captured by the bag.
Preferably, the nozzle direction of the activated carbon injector is consistent with the flow direction of the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline.
Preferably, wet process adsorption tower has set gradually flue gas inlet, cooling shower head, gas cap layer sieve, alkali lye shower head and exhanst gas outlet from bottom to top, wet process adsorption tower's bottom pipeline intercommunication has cooling water circulation pond, the cooling shower head with cooling water circulation pond pipeline intercommunication, the bottom intercommunication of gas cap layer has the alkali lye pond, the alkali lye pond with alkali lye shower head pipeline intercommunication.
Foretell system that utilizes rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle dangerous waste material is at first after through the water spray with the flue gas cooling in the wet process adsorption tower, handles through spraying the acid gas of alkali lye in to the flue gas, and the wet process adsorption tower sets up gas cap layer and sieve, and the flue gas is the form of dispersing and rises from the bottom of the tower, sprays alkali lye and falls to gas cap layer back flue gas and rise through gas cap layer, and alkali lye can't pass through gas cap layer, retrieves to the alkali lye pond of the bottom intercommunication on gas cap layer and carries out the circulation and spray.
Preferably, a draught fan is connected in series on a pipeline between the dust remover and the wet adsorption tower, and the dust remover is a bag-type dust remover.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator has the advantages that the induced draft fan is arranged on the bag-type dust collector, so that corrosion is prevented.
Preferably, the active coke adsorption device is a CSCR device, the active coke adsorption device is communicated with a chimney, a flue gas reheater is connected in series between the wet adsorption tower and the active coke adsorption device, an indicator lamp and a lightning rod are arranged at the top of the chimney, and the chimney is provided with an online detector and a manhole.
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator monitors the quality of the discharged gas through the online detector.
Preferably, the bottom of the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a grate and a slag extractor, and the grate is driven by a rotary motor and a reciprocating motor; the waste heat boiler is a single-drum longitudinal circulating boiler, a smoke spiral pipeline is arranged in the waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is provided with an ash outlet hopper, and an ash outlet pipe of the ash outlet hopper is provided with a rotary air lock.
The partial un-burnt solid waste and partial burnt slag in the rotary kiln incinerator fall onto the fire grate from the rotary kiln incinerator, and after the fire grate moves and stirs large garbage to be crushed, the slag will continue to burn until it is burnt, the produced fume will enter the second combustion chamber, and the burnt slag will fall to the slag extractor with water seal by means of gravity and will be discharged via the slag extractor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator can adapt to solid and liquid wastes with different sizes and different danger degrees, has stronger adaptability to the complexity and unpredictability of hazardous waste components, and can incinerate various wastes simultaneously; the system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator can realize disturbance, mixing and transmission of solid waste, improve the combustion efficiency and realize real continuous operation; the system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator adopts a two-stage combustion mode, can thoroughly realize the decomposition and the damage of toxic and harmful components in the hazardous waste, and inhibits dioxin, particulate matters, carbon black and NOxGenerating; the system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator has perfect flue gas purification measures, realizes harmless treatment and strictly controls the generation of secondary pollution.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system for treating hazardous waste using a rotary kiln incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The system comprises a rotary kiln incinerator 1, a secondary combustion chamber 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a quench tower 4, a dry deacidification tower 5, a dust remover 6, a wet adsorption tower 7, an active carbon injector 8, a flue gas reheater 9, an active carbon adsorption device 10, an active carbon adsorption device 11 and a chimney.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator comprises an incineration unit, a waste heat boiler 3, a quench tower 4, a dry deacidification tower 5, a dust remover 6, a wet adsorption tower 7 and an active coke adsorption device 10 which are sequentially communicated;
the incineration unit comprises a rotary kiln incinerator 1 and a secondary combustion chamber 2, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a solid waste feed opening and a cover body matched with the solid waste feed opening, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first waste liquid input pipe, the first waste liquid input pipe is communicated with a first atomizer, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first burner, a first air port and a first flue gas outlet, the first flue gas outlet of the rotary kiln incinerator is communicated with a flue gas inlet pipeline of the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a second burner, a second air port, a second flue gas outlet and a second atomizer, the second atomizer is communicated with a second waste liquid input pipe, and the second flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the waste heat boiler.
The system for treating hazardous waste using the rotary kiln incinerator of the present embodiment combines a rotary kiln incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber in sequence, and the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a solid feed inlet and a first atomizer communicated with a waste liquid input pipe, the second atomizer in the second combustion chamber is communicated with the waste liquid input pipe, so that the solid waste with low calorific value can be added into the rotary kiln incinerator, the waste liquid with low calorific value is sprayed into the rotary kiln incinerator through the atomizer, the solid waste continuously rolls along with the rotation of the rotary kiln, fully mixing with primary air, mixing with low-heat-value waste liquor, quickly drying, igniting and burning, and burning by means of self-heat value of waste material until it is basically burnt out, making the flue gas produced by incineration be fed into secondary combustion chamber, and high-calorific-value waste liquid in the secondary combustion chamber is sprayed in through the second atomizer, and the smoke which is not fully combusted in the rotary kiln enters the secondary combustion chamber to be continuously combusted, so that toxic and harmful substances and dioxin substances in the smoke are incinerated. The system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator realizes the harmless treatment of industrial solid waste and waste liquid, the solid waste with low combustion heat value is firstly combusted with the waste liquid with high heat value in the secondary combustion chamber, the combustion is complete, and the energy is saved.
Further, exhaust-heat boiler 3 is provided with the device of taking off the round pin, the device of taking off the round pin is including the urea liquid storage pot, first atomizing pump and the first spray gun that communicate in proper order, first spray gun sets up in exhaust-heat boiler's the furnace. The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator generates steam by using waste heat in flue gas through the waste heat boiler, and the generated steam is used for production, so that energy recovery and utilization are realized. And set up in exhaust-heat boiler and take off a round pin device, urea solution passes through atomizing pump promotion and gets into first spray gun, and in first return furnace of exhaust-heat boiler was spouted in to first spray gun by pressure atomizing, under the high temperature environment of flue gas after the burning, flue gas and the atomizing urea solution that sprays into fully mixed, NO in the flue gasxWith the component O2The urea solution is completely vaporized and taken away by the flue gas, thereby not only realizing the effective treatment of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, but also fully utilizing the high-temperature heat energy of the flue gas after combustion.
Further, quench tower 4 is following current formula spray column, the quench tower top is provided with flue gas distribution mechanism and cooling spray mechanism, flue gas distribution mechanism with exhaust-heat boiler's exhanst gas outlet pipeline intercommunication, cooling spray mechanism includes second atomizing pump and second spray gun, second atomizing pump and cooling water pipeline intercommunication. The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator takes a downstream spray tower as a quench tower, high-temperature flue gas enters from the downstream top, the flue gas is uniformly distributed in the tower through a gas distribution mechanism, softened water is sprayed into the top of the spray tower and is in direct contact with the flue gas to rapidly reduce the temperature of the flue gas, so that the temperature section for the resynthesis of the dioxin can be avoided, and the aim of inhibiting the regeneration of the dioxin is fulfilled. Besides cooling, the flue gas also has the functions of washing and dedusting in the process of quenching. A portion of the fly ash removed is discharged from the bottom of the quench tower.
Further, the dry deacidification tower 5 comprises a lime bin, a disc feeder and a Roots blower, and the dry deacidification tower adopts a dry methodThe bottom of the acid tower is provided with a flue gas inlet, and the lime bin, the disc feeder and the Roots blower are arranged at the top of the dry deacidification tower. The system for treating hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator treats acidic substances in flue gas through a dry deacidification tower, the flue gas enters from the bottom of the deacidification tower, lime powder is stored in a lime bin, and the lime powder (Ca (OH) is continuously and uniformly treated through a disc feeder and a Roots blower2) Spraying into deacidifying tower, Ca (OH)2And SO in flue gas2、SO3HCl and HF react to produce CaSO3、CaSO4、CaCl2、CaF2And the like. At the same time, the flue gas contains CO2If present, a part of Ca (OH) is consumed2Formation of CaCO3. Because a large amount of water is sprayed into the quenching tower, the water is vaporized and changed into water vapor which enters the deacidification tower along with the flue gas, Ca (OH)2After absorbing the moisture in the flue gas, the reaction speed is accelerated.
Further, the dry deacidification tower 5 is a vertical tower, an anticorrosion and thermal insulation layer is lined in the dry deacidification tower, and an ash discharging mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the dry deacidification tower.
Further, the dry deacidification tower 5 is communicated with the dust remover 6 through a flue gas pipeline, an activated carbon ejector 8, an activated carbon storage bin and a screw unloader are arranged on the flue gas pipeline between the dry deacidification tower and the dust remover, and the activated carbon ejector is arranged inside the flue gas pipeline between the dry deacidification tower and the dust remover. An activated carbon ejector is arranged on a flue gas pipeline between the dry-method deacidification tower and the dust remover, heavy metal, organic pollutants and the like in the flue gas are adsorbed by the activated carbon, the ejection point of the activated carbon is arranged on the flue gas pipeline between the dry-method deacidification tower and the bag-type dust remover, the activated carbon in the activated carbon storage bin enters the ejector through an unloading screw machine, is ejected along the flowing direction of the flue gas, enters the subsequent dust remover along with the flue gas, and is captured by the bag.
Further, the nozzle direction of the activated carbon injector 8 is consistent with the flow direction of the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline.
Further, wet process adsorption tower 7 has set gradually flue gas inlet, cooling shower head, gas cap layer sieve, alkali lye shower head and exhanst gas outlet from lower supreme, wet process adsorption tower's bottom pipeline intercommunication has cooling water circulation pond, the cooling shower head with cooling water circulation pond pipeline intercommunication, the bottom intercommunication of gas cap layer has the alkali lye pond, the alkali lye pond with alkali lye shower head pipeline intercommunication. Utilize the system that the hazardous waste material was handled to rotary kiln burning furnace at first in the wet process adsorption tower through the water spray with the flue gas cooling back, handle the acid gas in the flue gas through spraying alkali lye, the wet process adsorption tower sets up gas cap layer and sieve, the flue gas is the form of dispersing and rises from the bottom of the tower, sprays alkali lye and falls to gas cap layer back flue gas and rise through gas cap layer, alkali lye can't pass through gas cap layer, retrieves to the alkali lye pond of the bottom intercommunication on gas cap layer and carries out the circulation and sprays.
Furthermore, a draught fan is connected in series on a pipeline between the dust remover 6 and the wet adsorption tower 7, and the dust remover is a bag-type dust remover. The induced draft fan is arranged on the bag-type dust collector by utilizing the system for treating the hazardous waste by the rotary kiln incinerator, so that corrosion is prevented.
Further, active burnt adsorption equipment 10 is the CSCR device, active burnt adsorption equipment intercommunication has chimney 11, it has flue gas re-heater 9 to establish ties between wet process adsorption tower 7 and the active burnt adsorption equipment 10, the chimney top is provided with pilot lamp and lightning rod, the chimney sets up on-line detector and manhole. System for utilize rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle hazardous waste material monitors exhaust gas quality through on-line measuring appearance
Furthermore, a fire grate and a slag extractor are arranged at the bottom of the rotary kiln incinerator, and the fire grate is driven by a rotary motor and a reciprocating motor; the waste heat boiler is a single-drum longitudinal circulating boiler, a smoke spiral pipeline is arranged in the waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is provided with an ash outlet hopper, and an ash outlet pipe of the ash outlet hopper is provided with a rotary air lock. The partial un-burnt solid waste and partial burnt slag in the rotary kiln incinerator fall onto the fire grate from the rotary kiln incinerator, and after the fire grate moves and stirs large garbage to be crushed, the slag will continue to burn until it is burnt, the produced fume will enter the second combustion chamber, and the burnt slag will fall to the slag extractor with water seal by means of gravity and will be discharged via the slag extractor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The system for treating the hazardous waste by using the rotary kiln incinerator is characterized by comprising an incineration unit, a waste heat boiler, a quench tower, a dry deacidification tower, a dust remover, a wet adsorption tower and an active coke adsorption device which are sequentially communicated;
the incineration unit comprises a rotary kiln incinerator and a secondary combustion chamber, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a solid waste feed opening and a cover body matched with the solid waste feed opening, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first waste liquid input pipe, the first waste liquid input pipe is communicated with a first atomizer, the rotary kiln incinerator is provided with a first combustor, a first air port and a first flue gas outlet, the first flue gas outlet of the rotary kiln incinerator is communicated with a flue gas inlet pipeline of the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a second combustor, a second air port, a second flue gas outlet and a second atomizer, the second atomizer is communicated with a second waste liquid input pipe, and the second flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the waste heat boiler.
2. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said exhaust-heat boiler is provided with a pin removing means comprising a urea liquid storage tank, a first atomizing pump and a first spray gun which are connected in sequence, said first spray gun being disposed in a furnace of said exhaust-heat boiler.
3. The system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the quench tower is a forward flow spray tower, a flue gas distribution mechanism and a cooling spray mechanism are arranged on the top of the quench tower, the flue gas distribution mechanism is communicated with the flue gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler, the cooling spray mechanism comprises a second atomizing pump and a second spray gun, and the second atomizing pump is communicated with the cooling water pipeline.
4. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1 wherein said dry deacidification tower includes a lime bin, a disc feeder and a roots blower, said dry deacidification tower having a flue gas inlet at its bottom, said lime bin, disc feeder and roots blower being disposed at its top.
5. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1 wherein the dry deacidification tower and the deduster are in communication via a flue gas duct, and an activated carbon injector, an activated carbon storage bin and a screw unloader are provided on the flue gas duct between the dry deacidification tower and the deduster, the activated carbon injector being provided inside the flue gas duct between the dry deacidification tower and the deduster.
6. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 5, wherein the nozzle direction of said activated carbon injector coincides with the flow direction of flue gas in said flue gas duct.
7. The system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the wet adsorption tower is provided with a flue gas inlet, a cooling spray header, a gas cap layer sieve plate, an alkali liquor spray header and a flue gas outlet from bottom to top in sequence, a bottom pipeline of the wet adsorption tower is communicated with a cooling water circulating water tank, the cooling spray header is communicated with a cooling water circulating water tank pipeline, the bottom of the gas cap layer is communicated with an alkali liquor tank, and the alkali liquor tank is communicated with the alkali liquor spray header pipeline.
8. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1 wherein an induced draft fan is connected in series on the pipeline between said dust collector and wet adsorption tower.
9. The system for treating hazardous waste by using a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1, wherein said activated coke adsorption unit is a CSCR unit, said activated coke adsorption unit is connected to a chimney, a flue gas reheater is connected in series between said wet adsorption tower and said activated coke adsorption unit, said chimney is provided with an indicator light and a lightning rod on top, said chimney is provided with an on-line detector and a manhole.
10. The system for treating hazardous waste with a rotary kiln incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a grate and a slag extractor are provided at the bottom of the rotary kiln incinerator, the grate being driven by a rotary motor and a reciprocating motor; the waste heat boiler is a single-drum longitudinal circulating boiler, a smoke spiral pipeline is arranged in the waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is provided with an ash outlet hopper, and an ash outlet pipe of the ash outlet hopper is provided with a rotary air lock.
CN202010660863.7A 2020-07-10 2020-07-10 System for utilize rotary kiln to burn burning furnace and handle hazardous waste Pending CN111928263A (en)

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