CN110030560A - A kind of processing method of hazardous waste - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110030560A CN110030560A CN201910312992.4A CN201910312992A CN110030560A CN 110030560 A CN110030560 A CN 110030560A CN 201910312992 A CN201910312992 A CN 201910312992A CN 110030560 A CN110030560 A CN 110030560A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- raw material
- melt
- fused raw
- method described
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010914 pesticide waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012056 semi-solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 solid-state Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0063—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of processing methods of hazardous waste, comprising: the hazardous waste is carried out the first burning disposal, obtains bottom ash and the first flue gas；First flue gas is subjected to the second burning disposal, obtains the first flying dust and the second flue gas；And one of devitrified glass, cellucotton and cement admixture or a variety of is made by melt process in fused raw material；Wherein, the fused raw material includes the bottom ash and first flying dust.The processing method of the hazardous waste of an embodiment of the present invention can not only make the flue gas of discharge up to standard, and can be realized the resource utilization of hazardous waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of hazardous waste, specially a kind of achievable hazardous waste harmless treatment and
The method of resource utilization.
Background technique
With the continuous propulsion of China's process of industrialization, the hazardous waste quantity generated in industrial processes increases year by year
Add, ecological environment and health of the masses are caused and seriously threatened.China's hazardous waste is many kinds of, complicated component, disposes and controls
Manage that at high cost, processing capacity is limited, handled by hazardous waste, it is mishandling cause environmental pollution and risk accidents to take place frequently, danger
Waste pollution prevention and control situation is severe.
Currently, burning is the mainstream technology of dangerous waste disposal.Incineration technology is to make danger in the case where oxygen abundance
Trash burning, exhaustive oxidation, the process for generating heat, can dispose the hazardous wastes such as solid-state, liquid and gaseous state, strong applicability.So
And burn the lime-ash generated and still fall within hazardous waste, it generally requires and carries out chelating solidification landfill disposal, it can be to landfill yard periphery
Environment generate potential threat；And the lime-ash heavy metal toxicity of dangerous waste incineration generation is exceeded, clinker ignition loss is low；Meanwhile it is existing
Some burns the mode dioxin predecessor easily generated of hazardous waste, causes the dioxins concentration in the flue gas of discharge exceeded.
Summary of the invention
A primary object of the present invention is providing a kind of processing method of hazardous waste, comprising: by the hazardous waste
The first burning disposal is carried out, bottom ash and the first flue gas are obtained；First flue gas is subjected to the second burning disposal, first is obtained and flies
Ash and the second flue gas；And fused raw material is made up in devitrified glass, cellucotton and cement admixture of melt process
It is one or more；Wherein, the fused raw material includes the bottom ash and first flying dust.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, it the treating method comprises and second flue gas be subjected to heat exchange processing, cooling
One of processing, depickling processing, dust removal process, denitration process and carrying out washing treatment are a variety of.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is received during cooling processing, depickling processing, the dust removal process
Collect the flying dust generated, obtains the second flying dust, the fused raw material includes second flying dust.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, it the treating method comprises and regulator be added into the fused raw material, to adjust
The fusing point of the fused raw material is saved, the quality of the regulator is the 5~35% of the fused raw material quality.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, first burning disposal carries out in counterflow rotary kiln, the adverse current revolution
The feedstock direction of kiln is contrary with flue gas emission.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the melt process carries out in electric furnace, and the flue gas that the electric furnace generates is led to
Enter in the counterflow rotary kiln, and carries out second burning disposal together with the flue gas that first burning disposal generates.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of first burning disposal is 700~1100 DEG C, and described second burns
The temperature of processing is not less than 1100 DEG C.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fused raw material by melt process be melt after, through coring furnace, crystallization furnace
Processing, is made the devitrified glass.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fused raw material after melt, through centrifuge, collects cotton by melt process
Machine, pleating machine processing, are made the cellucotton.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fused raw material by melt process be melt after, through Water Quenching, ball milling
Processing, is made the cement admixture.
The processing method of the hazardous waste of an embodiment of the present invention can not only make the flue gas of discharge up to standard, and can
Realize the resource utilization of hazardous waste.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the processing method of the hazardous waste of an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiment for embodying feature of present invention and advantage will describe in detail in the following description.It should be understood that
The present invention can have various variations in different embodiments, neither depart from the scope of the present invention, and theory therein
Bright and diagram inherently is illustrated as being used, rather than to limit the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of processing method of hazardous waste, comprising:
Hazardous waste is subjected to the first burning disposal, obtains bottom ash and the first flue gas；
First flue gas is subjected to the second burning disposal, obtains the first flying dust and the second flue gas；And
By fused raw material by melting, curing process, one of devitrified glass, cellucotton and cement admixture is made
Or it is a variety of；Wherein, fused raw material includes bottom ash and the first flying dust.
In an embodiment, under the high temperature conditions, the solid waste after burning is melted by melt process as glass
State, is made devitrified glass after solidification, the compact texture of devitrified glass can ensure the permanent stability of solidified body.In addition, solid-state
The organic pollutant of waste passes through high temperature pyrolysis in melting process and is thoroughly decomposed, and the harmful elements such as heavy metal are cured
In vitreum, the harmlessness disposing of hazardous waste is realized.
In an embodiment, hazardous waste includes the waste that can be burned in addition to explosive and have radioactivity, can
Think one of solid-state, semisolid, liquid hazardous waste or a variety of.
In an embodiment, hazardous waste can be the higher organic pollutant of calorific value.
In an embodiment, hazardous waste can be medical waste, rectification residue, organic resin class waste, You Jirong
Agent, halogenated material waste (HW45), coating waste (HW12), surface treatment waste (HW17), emulsion (HW09), waste containing phenol
(HW39), clinical waste (HW01), asbestos (HW36), organic cyanide waste (HW38), dead catalyst (HW50), distillation
One of residue (HW11), waste mineral oil (HW08), pesticide waste (HW04) and spent acid (HW34) are a variety of.
In an embodiment, by hazardous waste by carrying out the first burning disposal again after pretreatment, pretreatment may include
Break process, neutralisation treatment etc..
In an embodiment, the first burning disposal carries out in rotary kiln, can pass through pusher feeding or screw feeder
Solid material to be processed is sent into rotary kiln by mode, and/or, liquid and/or semisolid material are sent by spray gun device
Rotary kiln.
In an embodiment, the rotary kiln for the first burning disposal is counterflow rotary kiln, exhanst gas outlet and feeding inlet
Positioned at the same side of kiln body, and feedstock direction is contrary with flue gas emission.
In an embodiment, it is big that area is mixed using counterflow rotary kiln incinerator gas and solid, heat transfer efficiency is high,
Be conducive to increase burn rate, be suitble to the biggish hazardous waste of calorific value floatability；And the bottom ash that rotary kiln generates is sent directly into electricity
In furnace, the glass dregs that handle by high-temperature fusion can not only the harmful elements such as curing heavy metal, and height can be made
The building material product of added value realizes the resource utilization of hazardous waste.
In an embodiment, the temperature of the first burning disposal is 700~1100 DEG C, such as 800 DEG C, 1000 DEG C, 1050
DEG C etc..
In an embodiment, in counterflow rotary kiln, hazardous waste full combustion obtains bottom ash and the first flue gas, produces
Clinker ignition loss≤3% of raw bottom ash.
Flue gas and bottom ash are obtained after the first burning disposal, flue gas can carry out subsequent secondary burning processing, with further
Remove the substances such as dioxin, imflammable gas；Bottom ash can directly carry out melt process.
In an embodiment, melt process carries out in electric furnace, and ore-smelting electric furnace or plasma furnace, mine thermoelectricity can be used
Furnace generates heat using lime-ash resistance, and gas plasmaization is generated high temperature by plasma furnace.
In an embodiment, resulting bottom ash can be sent directly into electric furnace by chute after the first burning disposal,
It can be transported in electric furnace by sealing batch can promotion, or be transported in electric furnace by hermetic conveyer.
In an embodiment, the temperature of melt process is such as 1200 DEG C, 1300 DEG C, 1350 DEG C not less than 1200 DEG C
Deng.
In an embodiment, the temperature of the second burning disposal is not less than 1100 DEG C, and the residence time is more than or equal to 2 seconds,
For example, the temperature of the second burning disposal can be 1100 DEG C, 1150 DEG C, 1200 DEG C etc.；The viscosity of melt is not more than 10Pas,
Such as 2Pas, 5Pas, 10Pas etc..
In an embodiment, the second burning disposal can carry out in dual firing chamber, and dual firing chamber can be to be existing for height
The device of temperature burning.
In an embodiment, the second flue gas and flying dust (the first flying dust) are obtained after the second burning disposal, flying dust can be straight
Tap into row melt process, the second flue gas can the purified treatments such as further progress heat exchange, cooling, depickling, dedusting, denitration, washing, with
Realize the qualified discharge of flue gas.
In an embodiment, resulting flying dust can be delivered directly to electric furnace by closed chute after the second burning disposal
It is interior, it can also be sent into electric furnace by closed batch can.
In an embodiment, heat exchange processing can carry out in the waste heat boiler, and the flue-gas temperature of boiler export can be 550
℃；SNCR processing can be also carried out in the waste heat boiler.
In an embodiment, cooling processing can be by chilling apparatus, such as flash cold column carries out, through quenching treated cigarette
Gas can be cooled to rapidly such as 180 DEG C or 200 DEG C.
In an embodiment, depickling processing can carry out in deacidifying device, the settable alkaline matter in deacidifying device,
Such as calcium hydroxide, to absorb sour gas；The flue-gas temperature of deacidifying device outlet can be 160 DEG C or 180 DEG C.
In an embodiment, dust removal process can be carried out by sack cleaner, exit gas temperature can for 150 DEG C or
170℃。
In an embodiment, carrying out washing treatment can carry out in wash mill, such as scrubbing tower, can be set according to smoke components
Set single or multistage scrubbing tower.The flue-gas temperature of wash mill outlet can be 60 DEG C.Settable NaOH is molten in wash mill
Liquid, to absorb the sour gas in flue gas.
In an embodiment, wet electric precipitation processing can be carried out after carrying out washing treatment.
In an embodiment, by the flue gas after purified treatment can be heated to by flue gas heater such as 110 DEG C,
After 130 DEG C or 135 DEG C, drained into atmosphere by air-introduced machine.
In an embodiment, flying dust can be collected from waste heat boiler, chilling apparatus, deacidifying device, dust-extraction unit, and will receive
The flying dust (the second flying dust) of collection carries out melt process together with the first flying dust, bottom ash.It further, can be first by collected flying dust
It is pressed into graininess using dry method granulation processes, then is delivered in electric furnace and carries out melt process.
In an embodiment, flying dust (the first flying dust and/or the second flying dust) can by scraper plate convey, pneumatic conveying,
Or other mode of movement are sent into electric furnace and carry out melt process.
In an embodiment, constituent adjustment agent can be added into fused raw material, to adjust the fusing point of fused raw material, ingredient
The quality of regulator can be the 5~35% of fused raw material quality, such as 10%, 20%, 25%, 30% etc.；Constituent adjustment agent
It can be quartz sand.
In an embodiment, fused raw material enters clarifying and homogenizing pond by discharge outlet after high-temperature fusion in electric furnace
It is interior, obtain the melt of stable homogeneous；The flue gas that electric furnace generates can be passed through in rotary kiln, carry out concurrent heating to rotary kiln, which can
The second burning disposal is carried out together with the flue gas that the first burning disposal generates.
In an embodiment, the flue gas for carrying out the second burning disposal includes obtains direct to hazardous waste progress burning disposal
The flue gas arrived also includes the flue gas being passed through in rotary kiln after being generated by melt process.
In an embodiment, melt is sent into coring furnace and is handled, vitreum is obtained；Nucleating glass body is sent to crystalline substance
Change processing in furnace, the devitrified glass of semi-finished product is made；By semi-finished product devitrified glass by cutting, polishing, technique for grinding, obtain outer
The devitrified glass product for going sightseeing bright.
In another embodiment, by melt through centrifuge, cotton collecting machine, pleating machine processing, cellucotton is made.
In another embodiment, by melt through Water Quenching, ball-milling treatment, cement admixture is made.
As shown in Figure 1, the processing method of the hazardous waste of an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
After hazardous waste is pre-processed, it is sent into counterflow rotary kiln through feeding device and carries out the first burning disposal, obtained
To bottom ash and the first flue gas；
Bottom ash is sent into ore-smelting electric furnace and carries out melt process, the first flue gas enters dual firing chamber and carries out secondary burning processing, obtains
To lime-ash (including bottom ash and/or flying dust) and the second flue gas；
Lime-ash is subjected to melt process by being sent into ore-smelting electric furnace after non-slurry pelletizing, the second flue gas successively through waste heat boiler,
Chilling apparatus, deacidifying device, dust-extraction unit, multi-stage washing device, wet electric precipitation carry out purified treatment；It wherein, can be in waste heat pot
Furnace carries out SNCR processing, and low-temperature denitration processing is carried out after dedusting；Meanwhile in waste heat boiler, chilling apparatus, deacidifying device, remove
Dirt device, multi-stage washing device collect flying dust in wet electrical dust collector device, and by flying dust non-slurry pelletizing, are sent into ore-smelting electric furnace and carry out
Melt process；
After the purified heated device heating of treated flue gas, under the action of air-introduced machine, atmosphere is discharged by chimney
In；
Fused raw material and regulator comprising bottom ash and flying dust form melt after ore-smelting electric furnace melt process, and electric furnace produces
Raw flue gas can be passed through in rotary kiln, and entered dual firing chamber through rotary kiln and carried out the second burning disposal；
The crystallite glass of semi-finished product is made by the processing of coring furnace, crystallization furnace for the processing of the clarified balancing reservoir of gained melt
Glass, and through the obtained devitrified glass product such as low-light, polishing；Alternatively, fibre is made in the processing by centrifuge, cotton collecting machine, pleating machine
Vinylon and cotton blend；Alternatively, gained melt, after the processing of water quenching slag bath, drying, then the processing by being crushed ball mill, obtained cement are admixed
Material.
Hereinafter, being carried out furtherly by processing method of the specific embodiment to the hazardous waste of an embodiment of the present invention
It is bright.
Embodiment 1
(1) medical waste, rectification residue and organic resin class waste are subjected to broken pretreatment, are pushed away through pusher feeding device
Enter and carries out burning disposal in counterflow rotary kiln；Meanwhile using spray gun device by the danger of the liquid such as spent organic solvent and waste mineral oil
Dangerous waste, which sprays into, carries out burning disposal in rotary kiln；
(2) temperature of kiln head of counterflow rotary kiln is maintained at 800 DEG C or so the first burning disposals of progress, keeps sufficiently combustion
It burns, obtains bottom ash in the kiln hood and kiln tail of rotary kiln, tapping temperature is 800 DEG C, and clinker ignition loss 2.5%, hot bottom ash is by closed
Chute is sent directly into ore-smelting electric furnace；
(3) flue gas of counterflow rotary kiln discharge enters dual firing chamber's second of burning disposal of progress, and ignition temperature is 1200 DEG C；
The flying dust that dual firing chamber generates enters ore-smelting electric furnace, and the flue gas of discharge enters waste heat boiler and realizes heat conversion, the cigarette of boiler export
Temperature degree is 550 DEG C；The flue gas being discharged from boiler enters flash cold column, is cooled to 200 DEG C rapidly；From the cigarette of flash cold column outlet discharge
Gas enters deacidifying device, and the calcium hydroxide in deacidifying device absorbs the partially acidic gas in flue gas, exit gas temperature 180
℃；The flue gas being discharged from deacidifying device continues through sack cleaner, and outlet temperature is 170 DEG C；Pass through the cigarette of sack cleaner
Gas enters scrubbing tower, and sour gas therein is washed the NaOH solution in tower and absorbs, and exit gas temperature is 60 DEG C；Finally,
The flue gas being discharged from scrubbing tower is heated up to 135 DEG C by flue gas heater, control of dioxins≤0.05ngTEQ/m3, nitrogen oxides
≤150mg/m3, flue dust≤20mg/m3, sulfur dioxide≤100mg/m3, drained into atmosphere by air-introduced machine；
(4) flying dust for collecting waste heat boiler, flash cold column, deacidifying device and dust-extraction unit is suppressed using non-slurry pelletizing technology
It at graininess, is delivered in ore-smelting electric furnace, is melt into slag together with the flying dust that bottom ash and dual firing chamber generate；In addition, stone is added
For sand as constituent adjustment agent, mass fraction is the 10% of fused raw material (bottom ash+flying dust) quality；
(5) fused raw material and constituent adjustment agent are melt through high-temperature process in ore-smelting electric furnace, and melt temperature is 1350 DEG C,
Viscosity is 2Pas, and is entered by melt discharge outlet and obtain the melt of stable homogeneous in clarifying and homogenizing pond；Ore-smelting electric furnace is produced
Raw flue gas is passed through in counterflow rotary kiln, carries out concurrent heating to rotary kiln；
(6) melt is sent into 650 DEG C of coring furnaces, keeps the temperature 5h, obtains the vitreum of certain shapes；Nucleating glass body is sent
Enter into crystallization furnace, crystallization furnace is warming up to 950 DEG C by 650 DEG C, and heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 3h at 950 DEG C；It protects
After temperature, room temperature is cooled to the furnace, take out the devitrified glass of semi-finished product；
(7) semi-finished product devitrified glass is obtained into the devitrified glass product of shiny appearance by cutting, polishing, technique for grinding.
Embodiment 2
(1) organic halogenated material waste (HW45), coating waste (HW12) and surface treatment waste (HW17) will be contained to carry out brokenly
Broken pretreatment carries out burning disposal in screw feeding device push-in counterflow rotary kiln；Meanwhile using spray gun device by emulsion
(HW09), the hazardous waste of the liquid such as pesticide waste (HW04) and waste containing phenol (HW39) is sprayed into rotary kiln and is carried out at burning
Reason；
(2) temperature of kiln head of counterflow rotary kiln is maintained at 1000 DEG C or so the first burning disposals of progress, keeps sufficiently combustion
It burns, obtains bottom ash in the kiln hood and kiln tail of rotary kiln, tapping temperature is 900 DEG C, and clinker ignition loss 2.0%, hot bottom ash is by turning round
Kiln discharge port is expelled to sealing batch can, and the bottom ash in closed batch can is put into ore-smelting electric furnace feed inlet by lifting device；
(3) flue gas of counterflow rotary kiln discharge enters dual firing chamber's the second burning disposal of progress, and ignition temperature is 1100 DEG C；Two
The indoor remaining flying dust of combustion enters electric furnace, and the flue gas of discharge enters waste heat boiler and realizes heat conversion, the flue gas temperature of boiler export
Degree is 550 DEG C；The flue gas being discharged from boiler enters flash cold column, is cooled to 180 DEG C rapidly；From flash cold column outlet discharge flue gas into
Enter deacidifying device, the calcium hydroxide in deacidifying device absorbs the partially acidic gas in flue gas, and exit gas temperature is 160 DEG C；From
The flue gas of deacidifying device discharge continues through sack cleaner, and outlet temperature is 150 DEG C；Entered by the flue gas of sack cleaner
Scrubbing tower, sour gas therein are washed the NaOH solution in tower and absorb, and exit gas temperature is 60 DEG C；Finally, from washing
The flue gas of tower discharge is heated up to 110 DEG C by flue gas heater, is drained into atmosphere by air-introduced machine；
(4) flying dust for collecting waste heat boiler, flash cold column, deacidifying device and dust-extraction unit is suppressed using non-slurry pelletizing technology
It at graininess, is delivered in ore-smelting electric furnace, is melt into slag together with the flying dust that bottom ash and dual firing chamber generate；In addition, stone is added
For sand as constituent adjustment agent, mass fraction is the 35% of fused raw material (bottom ash+flying dust) quality；
(5) fused raw material and constituent adjustment agent are melt through high-temperature process in ore-smelting electric furnace, and melt temperature is 1300 DEG C,
Viscosity is 5Pas, and is entered by melt discharge outlet and obtain the melt of stable homogeneous in clarifying and homogenizing pond；Ore-smelting electric furnace is produced
Raw flue gas is passed through in counterflow rotary kiln, carries out concurrent heating to rotary kiln；
(6) melt is sent into four-roller centrifuge, obtains fibrous product under the influence of centrifugal force, adds quality thereto
Score is the phenolic resin of 4% (using on the basis of fibrous product and the gross mass of phenolic resin) as bonding agent, in cotton collecting machine
Interior formation 450g/m2A blanket；Gained blanket is sent into pleating machine, so that being mutually lapped and being engaged between fiber；Will
The cellucotton arrived is sent into 300 DEG C of curing ovens, is removed the moisture in cellucotton, while rapid curing phenolic resin, is met
The Semifinished fibre cotton of performance indicator；
(7) Semifinished fibre cotton is obtained into the cellucotton product for meeting performance indicator by cutting, cooling, packing process.
Embodiment 3
(1) by clinical waste (HW01), asbestos (HW36), organic cyanide waste (HW38), dead catalyst
(HW50) and bottoms (HW11) carry out broken pretreatment, carry out at burning in pusher feeding device push-in counterflow rotary kiln
Reason；Meanwhile it is using spray gun device that the danger of the liquid such as waste mineral oil (HW08), pesticide waste (HW04) and spent acid (HW34) is useless
Object, which sprays into, carries out burning disposal in rotary kiln；
(2) temperature of kiln head of counterflow rotary kiln is kept into 1050 DEG C or so the first burning disposals of progress, keeps full combustion,
Bottom ash is obtained in the kiln hood and kiln tail of rotary kiln, tapping temperature is 950 DEG C, and clinker ignition loss 1.8%, hot bottom ash is gone out by rotary kiln
Material mouth is expelled to sealing batch can, and the bottom ash in closed batch can is put into ore-smelting electric furnace feed inlet by lifting device；
(3) flue gas of counterflow rotary kiln discharge enters dual firing chamber's second of burning disposal of progress, and ignition temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Remaining flying dust enters electric furnace in dual firing chamber, and the flue gas of discharge enters waste heat boiler and realizes heat conversion, the flue gas of boiler export
Temperature is 550 DEG C；The flue gas being discharged from boiler enters flash cold column, is cooled to 180 DEG C rapidly；From the flue gas of flash cold column outlet discharge
Into deacidifying device, the calcium hydroxide in deacidifying device absorbs the partially acidic gas in flue gas, and exit gas temperature is 160 DEG C；
The flue gas being discharged from deacidifying device continues through sack cleaner, and outlet temperature is 150 DEG C；By the flue gas of sack cleaner into
Enter scrubbing tower, sour gas therein is washed the NaOH solution in tower and absorbs, and exit gas temperature is 60 DEG C；Flue gas continues to lead to
Wet scrubber is crossed, exhaust gas dust is further decreased；Finally, the flue gas after further dedusting is heated up to by flue gas heater
It 130 DEG C, is drained into atmosphere by air-introduced machine；
(4) flying dust for collecting waste heat boiler, flash cold column, deacidifying device and dust-extraction unit is suppressed using non-slurry pelletizing technology
It at graininess, is delivered in ore-smelting electric furnace, is melt into slag together with the flying dust that bottom ash and dual firing chamber generate；
(5) fused raw material is melt through high-temperature process in ore-smelting electric furnace, and melt temperature is 1200 DEG C, viscosity 10Pa
S, and entered by melt discharge outlet and obtain the melt of stable homogeneous in clarifying and homogenizing pond；The flue gas that ore-smelting electric furnace generates is passed through
In counterflow rotary kiln, concurrent heating is carried out to rotary kiln；
(6) by melt Water Quenching, the Water Quenching Slag of partial size < 5mm is obtained；After fishing out slag drying and processing, it is milled to specific surface area
For 250m3The powder of/kg can be used as cement admixture use.
Unless limited otherwise, term used herein is the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art.
Embodiment described in the invention is merely for exemplary purpose, the protection scope being not intended to limit the invention,
Those skilled in the art can be made within the scope of the invention various other replacements, changes and improvements, thus, the present invention is not limited to
Above embodiment, and be only defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of processing method of hazardous waste, comprising:
The hazardous waste is subjected to the first burning disposal, obtains bottom ash and the first flue gas；
First flue gas is subjected to the second burning disposal, obtains the first flying dust and the second flue gas；And
By fused raw material by melt process, one of devitrified glass, cellucotton and cement admixture or a variety of is made；
Wherein, the fused raw material includes the bottom ash and first flying dust.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, including second flue gas being carried out to heat exchange processing, cooling processing, at depickling
One of reason, dust removal process, denitration process and carrying out washing treatment are a variety of.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, in cooling processing, depickling processing, the dust removal process mistake
The flying dust that generation is collected in journey, obtains the second flying dust, and the fused raw material includes second flying dust.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, including that regulator is added into the fused raw material, to adjust the melting original
The fusing point of material, the quality of the regulator are the 5~35% of the fused raw material quality.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, first burning disposal carries out in counterflow rotary kiln, described inverse
The feedstock direction for flowing back to rotary kiln is contrary with flue gas emission.
6. the electric furnace is generated according to the method described in claim 5, wherein, the melt process carries out in electric furnace
Flue gas is passed through in the counterflow rotary kiln, and is carried out at second burning together with the flue gas that first burning disposal generates
Reason.
7. the temperature of first burning disposal is 700~1100 DEG C according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, described the
The temperature of two burning disposals is not less than 1100 DEG C.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, after the fused raw material is melt by melt process, through coring furnace,
Crystallization furnace processing, is made the devitrified glass.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, after the fused raw material is melt by melt process, through centrifuge,
Cotton collecting machine, pleating machine processing, are made the cellucotton.
10. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, after the fused raw material is melt by melt process, at water quenching
Reason, ball-milling treatment, are made the cement admixture.
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| CN110479736A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-22 | 昆明理工大学 | In a kind of Wastewater from Yellow Phosphorus Production and the method for innocent treatment of slag |
| CN111288462A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-16 | 陕西新天地固体废物综合处置有限公司 | System and method for separating heat and treating cyanide |
| CN111389166A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 南通九洲环保科技有限公司 | Hazardous waste incinerator tail gas purification process |
| CN114602954A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-10 | 苏州乔发环保科技股份有限公司 | Fly ash recycling treatment method |
| CN115560336A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-03 | 广东广业投资集团有限公司 | Hazardous waste incineration ash on-line melting system and method and roadbed material |
| WO2023109034A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 浙江大学 | Detoxification and recycling method for gasification and high-temperature melting of full-industrial organic hazardous waste |
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Application publication date: 20190719 |