KR20140047424A - Movable apparatus for radioactive waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for treating radioactive wastes and, more specifically, to a device for treating radioactive wastes which is applicable to a region with a small number of residents or movable to a place where the treatment is easier by being installed in a movable container to be movable and which is able to improve treatment efficiency by installing a treatment device commonly used for treating radioactive wastes in a separate container. The present invention provides a movable radioactive waste treatment device which treats radioactive wastes and includes a container in which a moving unit is prepared to be movable. The container further includes an individual container and a common container. Since the movable radioactive waste treatment device given in the present invention is movable, it is possible to treat radioactive wastes at a place appropriate for radioactive waste treatment, accordingly enhance treatment efficiency, and reduce risk of exposure to radiation of residents. Also, by installing a facility commonly used for treating various kinds of radioactive wastes in a separate container, the movable radioactive waste treatment device given in the present invention is able to improve efficiency of the device and reduce costs for radioactive waste treatment.

Description

[0001] MOVABLE APPARATUS FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE [0002]

The present invention relates to a radioactive waste disposal apparatus, and more particularly, to a radioactive waste disposal apparatus capable of being disposed in a movable container so as to be movable in a movable container, The present invention relates to a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus that improves treatment efficiency by disposing a processing apparatus used in a portable container in a separate container.

Radioactive waste generated during the operation of nuclear power plants or nuclear related facilities (hereinafter referred to as "nuclear power plants") is usually stored in nuclear power plants, etc. or in individual control facilities.

However, as the amount of radioactive waste increases, the limits of storage have become apparent, and accordingly, the disposal of radioactive waste is urgent. In particular, such radioactive waste is generated in large quantities when nuclear power plants are dismantled.

In general, the treatment of radioactive waste takes place in a fixed place such as a radioactive waste repository. The following problems were encountered when treating radioactive waste in a fixed location.

First, when radioactive waste is treated in a fixed location, there is a concern that there is a risk of damage to residents due to radiation exposure.

Second, there is a problem in that the costs associated with the treatment are increased because all the facilities must be provided so that various types of radioactive waste can be treated by each repository.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus capable of reducing damage to residents due to radiation exposure.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a portable radioactive waste disposal apparatus that can be commonly used in the treatment of various kinds of radioactive waste.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus, comprising: a container for processing radioactive waste and having a moving unit to be movable; and the container further includes a separate container and a common container. Lt; / RTI >

The common container includes a pre-treatment container for sorting the radioactive waste by type and treating impurities contained in the radioactive waste, a filter container for treating the exhaust gas generated in the radioactive waste treatment process, and an air conditioner container And a service goods container provided with an accessory for radioactive waste disposal.

The individual containers may include an incineration container for treating flammable waste, a metal molten decontamination container for treating metal waste, a concrete decontamination container for treating concrete waste, and a soil decontamination container for treating soil waste .

At this time, the incineration container is provided with an incinerator for decomposing and burning the radioactive waste, post-burning for completely burning the unburned particulate matter and gas generated in the incinerator, and a high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the after- , An air diluter for secondarily cooling the exhaust gas passing through the heat exchanger by diluting the exhaust gas with air at room temperature, and a cooler for cooling the exhaust gas by using the low-temperature cooling water.

Preferably, the incinerator includes a vertical cylindrical incinerator and an incinerator removing unit provided at a lower portion of the incinerator, and the incinerator is provided with a combustion air injection nozzle for supplying combustion air.

It is more preferable that the combustion air injection nozzle is provided with a plurality of combustion air injecting nozzles in the tangential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the incinerator.

And air supplied to the combustion air injection nozzle is high temperature air heated by heat exchange with a high temperature exhaust gas in the air-cooled heat exchanger.

The post-combustion furnace includes a post-combustion section in the form of a centrifugal impeller and an ignition section. An exhaust gas inlet is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the post-combustion section. The exhaust gas inlet may be formed to introduce the exhaust into the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the post-

In this case, it is preferable that the igniter has a gas burner for completely burning the unburned particulate matter and the gas, and the gas burner is installed along the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the burner.

It is preferable that the gas burner is installed at a lower position than the exhaust gas outlet, and is installed upward at a predetermined angle with respect to the radial direction of the afterburner.

A plurality of baffle plates may be arranged in a zigzag manner in the air flow path inside the air-cooled heat exchanger.

The air diluter has a lower inner circumferential surface formed with an exhaust inlet for introducing exhaust gas passing through the air-cooled heat exchanger and an air inlet for introducing air at a normal temperature. The exhaust inlet and the air inlet may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined angle.

The filter container may include a bag filter, an air filter, an ion exchange processor, and a harmful gas stop.

The bag filter may include a plurality of fiber filter fabrics and an iron support provided inside the fiber filter fabric.

The bag filter may further include a reverse pulsating air injecting device so as to be cleanable by removing dust on the fiber filter cloth.

A plurality of the air filters may be installed in parallel.

Preferably, the exhaust filter is connected to the air filter in the order of a medium filter, a HEPA filter, and a charcoal filter.

An openable and closable supply door is provided on the top of the stop to enable the supply of impregnated activated carbon, and an air vibrator may be further installed to smoothly supply the impregnated activated carbon.

An openable and closable discharge door may be installed in the lower part of the stop to allow the impregnated activated carbon to be used.

It is preferable that the filter container further includes an air heater for lowering the saturated humidity of the discharged exhaust gas and heating the exhaust gas to maintain the temperature of the exhaust gas at a temperature higher than the dew point temperature.

A blower may be provided in the container for the air conditioner so as to form a negative pressure in the entire incineration process.

The effect of the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention is as follows.

First, since the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention is configured to be movable, the disposal efficiency of the radioactive waste is improved in a place suitable for the treatment of the radioactive waste, and there is an advantage that the fear of exposure to the residents is reduced.

Second, the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention can increase the efficiency of the apparatus by installing facilities commonly used in various kinds of radioactive waste disposal in separate containers, and the advantage of reducing costs associated with radioactive waste disposal .

1 is a conceptual diagram of a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of treating flammable waste using the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing an incinerator according to the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a post-combustion furnace according to the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing the air-cooled heat exchanger according to the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of an air diluting device according to the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a bag filter according to the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an air filter according to the present invention.
9 is a cross-sectional view showing a noxious stop according to the present invention.
10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an air heater according to the present invention.
11 is a sectional view showing a re-collecting apparatus according to the present invention.
12 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of processing metal waste using the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.
13 is a sectional view showing a container for molten metal decontamination according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention comprises a container (10) having a moving part (10a) for processing radioactive waste and movable as shown in Figure 1, and the container (10) Further comprising an individual container (11) and a common container (12).

By providing the moving part 10a, it is possible to treat the radioactive waste in a place suitable for the radioactive waste treatment, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency and reducing the risk of exposure to the residents.

In addition, the facility commonly used in the treatment of various kinds of radioactive waste can be installed in a separate container, thereby increasing the efficiency of the apparatus and reducing the cost associated with radioactive waste disposal.

The public container 12 is provided with a pretreatment container 100 for sorting radioactive waste by type and treating impurities contained in the radioactive waste, a filter container 200 for treating exhaust gas generated in the radioactive waste treatment process, An air conditioner container 300 equipped with an air conditioner, and a service goods container 400 equipped with accessories for radioactive waste disposal.

In addition, the individual container 11 is provided with an incineration container 500 for treating flammable waste, a metal melting decontamination container 600 for treating metal waste, a concrete decontamination container 700 for treating concrete waste, And a soil decontamination container 800 for treating soil wastes.

2 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of treating flammable waste using the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

2, the incineration container 500 includes an incinerator 510 for decomposing and burning the radioactive waste, a post-incinerator 510 for completely burning the unburned particulate matter and the gas generated in the incinerator 510, (520), an air-cooled heat exchanger (530) for primarily cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the post-combustion furnace (520), an exhaust gas passing through the air-cooled heat exchanger (530) An air diluter 540 for cooling, and a cooler 550 for cooling the exhaust gas by using the low-temperature cooling water three times.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an incinerator according to the present invention.

The incinerator 510 includes a vertical cylindrical incinerator 511 and an incineration refiner 512 disposed under the incinerator 511. The incinerator 511 is provided with combustion air injection A nozzle 511a may be provided.

A plurality of the combustion air injection nozzles 511a may be provided to inject combustion air in the tangential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the incinerator 510. The air supplied to the combustion air injection nozzles 511a may be supplied to the air- 530, which is heated by heat exchange with a high-temperature exhaust gas.

If several combustion air injection nozzles 511a are provided per one air supply chamber in the tangential direction of the incinerator 510, the dead zone of the combustion air and the exhaust gas is reduced and the residence time of the exhaust gas is increased . In this case, the combustion air is indirectly heat-exchanged with the incinerator exhaust gas in the air-cooled type heat exchanger 530 located on the downstream side of the afterburner 520, and the heated air is passed through an air tank, The air supply line connecting the combustion air tank and the incinerator 510 was provided with a pressure gauge, a regulating valve and a flow meter to regulate the air supply position and the amount of air.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a post-combustion furnace according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the afterburner 520 includes a afterburner 521 and an ignition unit 522 in the form of a centrifugal dust collector, and an exhaust body inlet 521a is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the afterburner 520. The exhaust body inlet 521a may be formed such that the exhaust body flows in the tangential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the post combustion unit 520.

In this case, the ignition part 522 is provided with a gas burner 522a for completely burning the unburned particulate matter and the gas, and the gas burner 522a is preferably installed along the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the burner 521 The gas burner 522a is installed at a lower position than the exhaust gas outlet 521b and is installed upward at a predetermined angle a with respect to the radial direction x of the afterburner 520 .

The post-combustion furnace 521 is provided with an inlet 521a of the incinerator exhaust body in the tangential direction of the present apparatus to provide the effect of the centrifugal precipitator, and at the same time, a stainless steel 304 Refractory cement was installed inside the steel pipe.

The ignition part 522 is composed of a gas burner 522a for secondary combustion of an unburned component and a gaseous fuel supply part for the gas burner 522a. The exhaust gas inlet 521a and the gas burner 522a are installed in the tangential direction of the apparatus in order to increase the dust collection efficiency and the residence time by the centrifugal force of the exhaust gas flowing into the afterburner 520. [

The gas burner 522a is installed at a position slightly lower than the lower end of the exhaust gas outlet 521b so that the flame of the gas burner 522a does not directly contact the exhaust gas outlet 521b (A) upward with respect to the radial direction (x).

At this time, the predetermined angle (a) may be inclined upward by about 10 degrees. With such a configuration, the residence time and the centrifugal force of the exhaust gas are increased to improve the secondary combustion and dust collecting effect.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing the air-cooled heat exchanger according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that a plurality of baffle plates 531 are arranged in a zigzag manner in the air flow path inside the air-cooled heat exchanger 530.

As described above, if four baffle plates are arranged in a staggered manner in the air passage through which the ambient air at room temperature passes, there is an advantage that the residence time and the flow effect are increased and the heat exchange becomes easier.

6 is a cross-sectional view of an air diluting device according to the present invention.

6, an exhaust gas inlet 541 through which the exhaust passing through the air-cooled type heat exchanger 530 flows and an air inlet 542 through which air at room temperature flows are formed in the lower inner circumferential surface of the air diluter 540, And the exhaust inlet 541 and the air inlet 542 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined angle.

That is, the high-temperature exhaust gas and the normal-temperature air are introduced into the intermediate portion of the air diluter 540 so as to flow in the direction tangential to the apparatus at an angle of 90 ° from the lower side of the vertical cylindrical air diluter 540, When the size hole is formed, the exhaust gas and the dilution air flow in a cocurrent flow, and the mixing effect is increased as the air flows out at a rate of about 19 m / sec (934 Nm 3 / h, 250 ° C.).

As shown in FIG. 2, the filter container 200 may include a bag filter 210, an air filter 220, an ion exchange processor 230, and a harmful stop 240.

7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a bag filter according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, the bag filter 210 may include a plurality of fiber filter fabrics 211 and an iron support 212 provided inside the fiber filter fabric 211.

At this time, it is preferable that the bag filter (210) further includes a reverse pulsating air injection device (213) so as to be cleanable by removing dust on the fiber filter fabric (211).

As shown in FIG. 7, sixteen fiber filter fabrics 211 (material: acid-treated Teflon) having a diameter of 177 mm and a length of 1920 mm were installed in the bag filter 210. The total filtration area was about 17 m2 Speed: about 5 m / min). The continuous maximum operating temperature of the fiber filter fabric 211 made of Teflon is about 260 캜, which is higher than the commercial operating temperature (200 캜) of the weft filter 210, A metal retainer 212 in the form of a basket is installed inside the fiber filter fabric 211 so that the shape of the fiber filter fabric 211 is not changed when the evacuation process or the filter fabric is cleaned, And fixed to the iron support 212.

 The collected dust is discharged to the lower collecting box through a rotary valve under the bag filter 210 and collected into a drum attached to the lower part of the collecting box after the operation. When the dust accumulates on the fiber filter fabric 211 due to continuous operation, the pressure loss increases and the filtration performance decreases. Therefore, the dust on the fiber filter fabric 211 is removed, and the reverse flow pulsation air injection The device 213 was installed above the bag filter 210. In this apparatus, an air injection nozzle is installed in each fiber filter fabric 211 in the direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas, and a solenoid valve and a diaphragm valve are installed in one unit of three fiber filter fabrics 211, The compressed air of 5 atm is shortly and periodically supplied in the reverse direction to remove the dust on the fiber filter fabric 211.

8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an air filter according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of the air filters 220 may be installed in parallel.

At this time, it is preferable that the air filter 220 is structured such that the exhaust body passes through the medium filter 221, the HEPA filter 222, and the charcoal filter 223 in this order.

Two high-performance air filters (220) are installed in parallel to make it possible to prepare for emergency situations such as exceeding exhaust treatment capacity or failure. In the high performance air filter 220, three kinds of filter materials having different functions (medium filter, HEPA filter, and charcoal filter) are mounted. The dust load on the HEPA filter 222 A medium filter 221 is disposed at the front portion of the HEPA filter 222 and a charcoal filter 223 capable of removing inert radionuclides and dust removes the HEPA filter 222, .

9 is a cross-sectional view showing a noxious stop according to the present invention.

9, an openable and closable supply door 241 is provided on the upper portion of the stop 240 to enable impregnated activated carbon to be supplied, and an air vibrator 242 is further installed to supply impregnated activated carbon smoothly. .

In addition, an openable and closable discharge door 243 may be installed under the stop 240 to allow the impregnated activated carbon to be used.

10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an air heater according to the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, the filter container 200 is provided with an air heater 250 for lowering the saturated humidity of the discharged exhaust gas and heating the exhaust gas to maintain the temperature of the exhaust gas higher than the dew point temperature .

It is preferable that the air conditioner container 300 is provided with a blower so as to form a negative pressure in the entire incineration process. With such a structure, there is an advantage that the probability that the radioactivity is discharged to the outside when the radioactive waste is treated is reduced because a negative pressure is formed inside.

11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an incinerator re-collecting apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 11, the reclaiming device 512 of the incinerator is provided with a cap of a hatch type so that the lower end of the incineration ash can be completely sealed. During operation, the cap completely closes the lower end of the incinerator 510, so that the accumulated ash is completely burnt, and the negative pressure inside the incinerator 510 is maintained. When the incinerator 510 is cooled to room temperature after the operation is finished, the cap is opened and the incineration material is manufactured to collect the ash after the double packaging such as vinyl foil in the collecting container (50 L) dedicated to the incineration material via the glove box at the bottom of the glove box.

The cap is made of refractory concrete of 100 mm thickness and stainless steel of 8 mm thickness and has a radiation shielding effect and there is no risk of exposure and exposure when the operator approaches the lower end of the incinerator 510 during operation. In addition, the cap can be opened and closed only by manual control. By attaching the ball valve under the glove box, the ash can not be scattered even during the collection of the ashes, and all the operations can be completed in a short time. A 5 mm thick shielding wall was installed around the drum to minimize the exposure of workers.

It is preferable that the re-collecting device is provided at the lower end of the post-combustion furnace 520 or at the lower end of the bag filter 210.

FIG. 12 is a conceptual view showing another embodiment for treating metal waste using the mobile radioactive waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a container for molten metal decontamination according to the present invention.

12 and 13 for metal waste treatment. The melting furnace for the treatment of metal waste is mainly used because it has a high homogeneity of melt, although it has a large arc furnace and high frequency induction furnace. Homogeneity is also a necessity for self-disposal of the ingot.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will also be appreciated that many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

10: container 10a: moving part
11: individual container 12: public container
100: Pretreatment container 200: Filter container
300: air conditioner container 400: service goods container
500: Incineration Container 600: Metal Melting Decontamination Container
700: Container for concrete decontamination 800: Container for soil decontamination

Claims (21)

It comprises a container 10 for treating the radioactive waste, the moving part 10a is provided to be movable,
The container (10) further comprises a separate container (11) and a common container (12). The method of claim 1,
The common container 12 includes a pre-treatment container 100 for classifying radioactive waste by type and processing impurities contained in the radioactive waste, and a filter container 200 for processing the exhaust generated during the radioactive waste treatment process. The mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus includes a container for an air conditioner having an air conditioner installed therein, and a service item container 400 having an accessory for treating radioactive waste. 3. The method of claim 2,
The individual container 11 includes an incineration container 500 for treating combustible waste, a molten metal salt container 600 for treating metal waste, a concrete decontamination container 700 for treating concrete waste, and soil. Mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus comprising a container for soil decontamination (800) for processing waste. The method of claim 3,
The incineration container 500 includes an incinerator 510 for decomposing and burning radioactive waste, a post-combustion furnace 520 for completely burning unburned particulate matter and gas generated in the incinerator 510, and the post-combustion furnace ( An air-cooled heat exchanger 530 that cools the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from 520 first, and an air dilutor 540 that dilutes the exhaust gas passed through the air-cooled heat exchanger 530 with atmospheric air at second temperature. And a cooler (550) configured to cool the exhaust body in a third manner by using a coolant of low temperature. 5. The method of claim 4,
The incinerator 510 includes a vertical cylindrical incinerator 511 and an incinerator material removing unit 512 provided below the incinerator 511.
The incineration unit 511 is a mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that the combustion air injection nozzle (511a) for supplying combustion air is installed. 6. The method of claim 5,
The combustion air injection nozzle (511a) is a mobile radioactive waste treatment device, characterized in that a plurality of injector is installed so as to inject combustion air in the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface (510). The method according to claim 6,
The air supplied to the combustion air injection nozzle (511a) is a mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that the hot air heated by heat exchange with the hot exhaust in the air-cooled heat exchanger (530). 5. The method of claim 4,
The afterburner 520 includes a postburner 521 and an ignition 522 in the form of a centrifugal dust collector,
An exhaust body inlet 521a is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the post combustion unit 520, and the exhaust body inlet 521a is formed such that the exhaust body flows in a tangential direction to the inner circumferential surface of the post combustion unit 520. Device. 9. The method of claim 8,
The ignition unit 522 is provided with a gas burner 522a for completely burning unburned particulate matter and gas, and the gas burner 522a is installed along a tangential direction of the inner circumferential surface of the post-combustion unit 521. Mobile radioactive waste treatment device. 10. The method of claim 9,
The gas burner 522a is installed at a position lower than the exhaust outlet 521b, and is movable upwardly at a predetermined angle a based on the radial direction x of the afterburner 520. Waste disposal device. 5. The method of claim 4,
Mobile air waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that a plurality of baffle plate (531) is arranged in a zigzag in the air flow path inside the air-cooled heat exchanger (530). 5. The method of claim 4,
On the inner circumferential surface of the lower air dilutor 540, an exhaust inlet 541 through which the exhaust gas passing through the air-cooled heat exchanger 530 flows and an air inlet 542 through which air at room temperature is formed are formed.
The exhaust body inlet 541 and the air inlet 542 is a mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that arranged at a predetermined angle. 3. The method of claim 2,
The filter container 200 includes a bag filter 210, an air filter 220, an ion exchange processor 230, a harmful gas tower 240, characterized in that the mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus. 14. The method of claim 13,
The bag filter 210 includes a plurality of fiber filter cloths 211 and an iron support 212 provided in the fiber filter cloth 211. 15. The method of claim 14,
The bag filter 210 is a mobile radioactive waste treatment device further comprises a reverse pulsating air injection device (213) to be cleaned in a way to remove dust on the fiber filter cloth (211). 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein a plurality of the air filters (220) are installed in parallel. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the exhaust air is passed through the air filter (220) in the order of a medium filter (221), a hepa filter (222), and a charcoal filter (223). 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein an openable / closable supply door (241) is installed on the upper part of the stop (240) so that the impregnated activated carbon can be supplied, and an air vibrator (242) is further installed so that the impregnated activated carbon can be supplied smoothly. Processing device. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein an openable and closable discharge door (243) is installed in the lower part of the stop (240) so that the impregnated activated carbon used can be discharged. 14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the filter container (200) further comprises an air heater (250) for lowering the saturation humidity of the discharged exhaust gas and heating the exhaust gas to maintain the temperature of the exhaust gas higher than the dew point temperature . 3. The method of claim 2,
The air conditioner container 300 is a mobile radioactive waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that the blower is provided to form a negative pressure inside the entire incineration process.

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