CN102746900A - Method and device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste - Google Patents
Method and device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102746900A CN102746900A CN2012102157817A CN201210215781A CN102746900A CN 102746900 A CN102746900 A CN 102746900A CN 2012102157817 A CN2012102157817 A CN 2012102157817A CN 201210215781 A CN201210215781 A CN 201210215781A CN 102746900 A CN102746900 A CN 102746900A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste. The method and the device solve the technical problem of treatment on dispersed organic pollutants. The method comprises that dangerous waste in a dangerous waste field is fed into a plasma reactor in a container of a lorry trailer, and then is cracked and gasified into cracked gas and carbon black in microseconds. The device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste comprises a feeding system, the plasma reactor and a flue gas cleaning system arranged in the container of the lorry trailer. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device realize mobile treatment on dangerous waste, have high treatment efficiency and a low cost, realize effective on-site treatment on dispersed, high-toxicity, small-batch and high-concentration liquid organic pollutants and gaseous pollutants, avoid transfer of dangerous waste, improve economical efficiency and safety, and are suitable for emergency treatment on a scene suffering from a dangerous waste environmental accident.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device of handling Hazardous wastes, particularly a kind of method and device with the plasma treatment Hazardous wastes.
Background technology
Hazardous wastes HW refers to have toxicity, inflammableness, explosivity, corrodibility, chemical reactivity and/or infectivity, can constitute the refuse of serious harm to ecotope and human health.Hazardous wastes all has very big uncertainty from each link that produces, stores, shifts, handles, disposes on space-time, therefore, must strengthen management from every side, and improve the state of the art of its treatment and disposal, eliminates the potential environmental disaster.Wherein, organic pollutant is particularly serious to the harm of the ecosystem and HUMAN HEALTH, also is difficult to more handle.The harm of Hazardous wastes has chronicity and latent, can continue for a long time.In case the outburst of its hazardness not only can make the person poultry poisoning, can cause burning and explosion hazard, also can not burn, wind is raised, distillation, weathering atmosphere pollution because of there being control.Can also pass through sleet osmosis pollution soil, underground water; Wash away the pollution rivers,lakes and seas by rainwash; Thereby cause hidden danger permanent, that be difficult to recover and consequence, the environmental improvement of being polluted and the recovery of ecological damage not only need the long period, and will expend huge fund; That have even can't recover, serious threat is to the healthy and natural ecological environment of people.
Because Hazardous wastes character and hazard profile and general industrial solid waste and domestic refuse different in kind; Thereby its treatment and disposal method is more complicated than general domestic waste; Part enterprise is mixed in Hazardous wastes in the domestic refuse unexpectedly and outwells, the simple landfill of the landfill yard that send the suburb, cities and towns that has, or directly be stacked in by the road; Or directly enter the stream, this phenomenon ubiquity comparatively in the middle-size and small-size township and village enterprises in place.Therefore, at present to the treatment and disposal of Hazardous wastes, be processing, the disposal facility of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprise oneself construction of better economic benefit mostly.With regard to the whole nation; Professional disposal facility and enterprise's accessory disposal facility are still very few; And its intervention level of the Hazardous wastes that major part obtains disposing is lower, does not for example have the landfill of impervious element and does not have burning that flue gas handles etc., is very easy to cause second environmental pollution.
Landfill is two kinds of Hazardous wastes processing modes that employing is more with burning, and still, these two kinds of processing modes can produce a large amount of secondary pollutants in disposal process, and its harm is huger, also is difficult to more handle.Simultaneously, landfill does not carry out disposable harmless treatment to Hazardous wastes, just Hazardous wastes is deposited in landfill yard, has permanent potential safety hazard, in case the geomembrane of laying breaks, will cause soil and phreatic permanent pollution and be difficult to repairing; And the incineration disposal facility is difficult to realize mobile because equipment is too big.
It is predicted, will reach 5.7 * 10 to China's trade refuse in 2015
7Ton.Though wherein some Hazardous wastes can obtain utilizing, to utilize also unreasonablely, some also can cause secondary pollution, and remaining Hazardous wastes then directly is discharged in the physical environment, has great harm.Simultaneously, early stage weak foundation, existing record is few, the disposal task is very arduous.Investigation shows that China's Hazardous wastes all once produced a large amount of contaminated sites in a plurality of links that produce and circulate, and these Hazardous wastess and contaminated site thereof distribute and disperse, and centrally dispose a disposal and be transported to, the bottleneck that dangerous again article shift transprovincially.In addition; The Hazardous wastes component leaks in air, soil or the water body, like untimely cleaning, can work the mischief to HUMAN HEALTH and environment and cause unexpected burst such as physiology poisoning, acute poisoning or heavy economic losses or non-outburst surroundings accident; At this moment; Emergency processing is carried out at the reply scene, thereby reaches rapid control impact development, reduces or eliminates the purpose of loss of life and personal injury and various financial losses.
How under extreme or emergent situation on the spot, zero distance handles the Hazardous wastes that possibly cause secondary harm or contaminate environment quickly and efficiently? How to design, create a kind of Hazardous wastes processing mode that is more suitable for China's national situation? How to historical stock, so far residual, even still effectively dispose at the occupation of land Hazardous wastes in enormous quantities very big, seriously polluted, that hidden danger is infinite that continues to form? These all are urgent problems.Therefore, develop a kind of removablely, and method and device with low cost, that can make Hazardous wastes obtain disposable harmless treatment are necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process and device, the technical problem that solve is to handle the liquid organic pollutant of high density, the gaseous pollutant of dispersion, high toxicity, short run.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process; May further comprise the steps: after one, the Hazardous wastes of the on-the-spot liquid state of Hazardous wastes, emulsion attitude, particle diameter add the stirring solvent homogeneous less than the Powdered Hazardous wastes of 1mm, steam and/or gaseous state class Hazardous wastes; By the pressure of 2 ~ 15bar, or form the twin fluid atomization form with 2 ~ 7bar pressurized air and send into the plasma reactor in the freight container of automobile trailer; Mass concentration or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, is sent into the plasma reactor in the freight container of automobile trailer greater than the organic of 500ppm by worm conveyor; Two, the gas ions regional temperature of plasma reactor is more than 3000 ℃, and Hazardous wastes is through the time of microsecond level, and organically Hazardous wastes is cracked gas and carbon black by cracking, gasification, and inorganic Hazardous wastes is melted and is vitreous substance; Three, cracked gas and the carbon black combustion chamber medial temperature of flue gas purification system in the freight container of automobile trailer is 1200 ℃; Gas residence time is not less than 2s burning, after 1s is brought down below 200 ℃ of chillings, depickling with flue-gas temperature from average 1200 ℃ in the time from scalable smoke stack emission.
The Hazardous wastes of liquid state of the present invention, emulsion attitude stirs the homogeneous after-filtration, makes wherein solids particle diameter less than 0.5mm, and the quality solid content is less than 40%.
Particle diameter of the present invention adds solvent less than the Powdered Hazardous wastes of 1mm in Hazardous wastes, stir homogeneous, is the quality solid content less than 70% liquid state.
Particle diameter of the present invention greater than 30mm, mass concentration greater than the organic of 500ppm or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, it is crushed to particle diameter is the pending Hazardous wastes material below the 30mm.
A kind of portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit; Said portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit is provided with feed system, plasma reactor and the flue gas purification system that is linked in sequence; Feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system are arranged in the freight container of automobile trailer, and flue gas purification system is made up of the combustion chamber that is linked in sequence, quench tower, extracting tower and induced draft fan.
Portable trailer power station of the present invention is feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system power supply.
Feed system of the present invention is provided with high pressure screw pump, blower fan and worm conveyor.
Furnace roof, the furnace wall of plasma reactor of the present invention are followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material; The second layer is a 300mm high purity corundum refractory brick; The 3rd layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket; The 4th layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt, and layer 5 is the 50mm box hat; The furnace bottom of said plasma reactor is followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material; The second layer is a 500mm high purity corundum refractory brick; The 3rd layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket; The 4th layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt, and layer 5 is the 50mm box hat; The top of said box hat is provided with spray gun; Be connected with plasma torch at the box hat top, the spraying air flow line of the medullary ray of plasma torch and spray gun ejection is acute angle, and the box hat side connects worm conveyor; The box hat top is connected with pneumatic outlet, is connected with the blowing device under the box hat.
Blowing device of the present invention is provided with the plug seat of taper, is provided with the plug of taper in the plug seat, and plug connects shaft-like extension rod; Extension rod is arranged in the sleeve of tubular; Sleeve is coated with insulating cotton) and steel bushing, steel bushing connects mounting flange, and mounting flange connects tabular cover plate through the taper pin of adjustable distance; Cover plate connects shaft-like unlatching support through the cyclic shaft seat, and extension rod is connected with handle through columned center fixed seat, adjustment screw rod.
Induced draft fan outlet of the present invention connects the gas approach of scalable chimney, and scalable chimney adopts hydraulicefficiency system to drive the flexible of chimney; Said scalable chimney is provided with the coaxial cylindrical shell that is nested with setting; Outside every joint cylindrical shell exceeds the cylindrical shell 4cm that is adjacent outside from the lining; One week of upper end outer rim of every joint cylindrical shell is connected with clip; Be connected with steady arm on the piston rod of hydraulicefficiency system, steady arm supported clip when piston rod moved up, and made cylindrical shell with this clamp connection upwards with stretching out.
The present invention compares with existing apparatus, and the plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit that adopt to move has been overturned design, and the operation theory of traditional fixed disposal plant; The using plasma technology is carried out disposable harmless treatment Hazardous wastes, and processing efficiency is high; Cost is low, does not produce secondary pollution, can effectively handle the liquid organic pollutant of high density, the gaseous pollutant of place dispersion, high toxicity, short run; Also can handle mass concentration greater than the organic of the middle and high concentration of 500ppm or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, and realize disposing on the spot, avoided the transfer transprovincially of Hazardous wastes; Improve economy, security greatly, also be applicable to when causing danger the refuse environmental accident demand of the scene being carried out emergency processing; Thereby have on the spot the advantage of installing and removing, arrive at fast, meet an urgent need, exempting to clear, on the spot Hazardous wastes is carried out disposable harmlessness disposing,, eliminate secondary disaster to reach the discharge dangerous situation; Save energy consumption, emission compliance, the purpose of efficient, cheap processing Hazardous wastes.
Be applicable to the liquid organic pollutant of the high density of handling place dispersion, high toxicity, short run, gaseous pollutant, can satisfy when causing danger the refuse environmental accident, the scene is carried out the Hazardous wastes of emergency processing and handle.Can not only disposable harmless treatment gas, liquid and the solid-state Hazardous wastes of part; Avoid the dioxin secondary pollutant to form; And be specially adapted to handle the liquid organic pollutant of high density, the gaseous pollutant of dispersion, high toxicity, short run; Also be applicable to when causing danger the refuse environmental accident, emergency processing is carried out at the scene.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the plasma reactor of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the blowing device of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the scalable chimney structure synoptic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that the scalable chimney of apparatus of the present invention stretches out synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
One, charging to the Hazardous wastes of on-the-spot different shape, is divided into following several kinds of feeding manners:
1, the Hazardous wastes of liquid towards and/or emulsion attitude stirs homogeneous after strainer filters by prior art, makes wherein solids particle diameter less than 0.5mm, and the quality solid content is sent into plasma reactor by high pressure screw pump again and handled less than 40%.
2, to the Powdered Hazardous wastes of particle diameter less than 1mm; Principle according to material similar compatibility principle; In Hazardous wastes, add good, the cheap solvent of solubility property that adapts; After stirring homogeneous, be the quality solid content, send into plasma reactor by high pressure screw pump again and handle less than 70% liquid state.As: after the Powdered high density persistence organic pollutant of phenyl-hexachloride POPs stirred the homogeneous dissolving with kerosene, high pressure screw pump was sent into plasma reactor and is handled.
3, to steam and/or gaseous state class Hazardous wastes, directly charging is evacuated to the gas feed hole of plasma reactor through blower fan.
4, to particle diameter greater than 30mm, mass concentration greater than the organic of the middle and high concentration of 500ppm or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes comprise incineration of refuse flyash, electroplating wastewater mud, chemical plant dewatered sludge, metalliferous mineral exploitation mine tailing, smelt the waste residue that produces, the solid-state Hazardous wastes of hazardous and noxious substances contaminated soil.By the prior art breaking method it being crushed to particle diameter is the pending Hazardous wastes material below the 30mm, the broken disintegrating apparatus that adopts prior art, and handle in the molten bath of being sent in the plasma reactor by worm conveyor then.
Two, plasma reactor is handled
In plasma reactor, adopt the MGC-200 type (AC380V of Maikerui Environmental Science & Tech Co Ltd, Senzhen City; Real output 80～160KW is adjustable) plasma arc that produces of plasma torch handles Hazardous wastes (the concrete parameter area of present embodiment all is that the parameter with MGC-200 type plasma torch serves as according to being equipped with or choosing).Plasma torch be installed in molten bath in the plasma reactor directly over, can produce a branch of causus plasma arc.Hazardous wastes passes through the plasma body zone of feed system entering plasma torch heating or/and the molten bath of below; Be the flammable innoxious substance of corresponding small molecules by cracking, gasification; Or/and be melted, endanger 1% of constituent concentration limit value in the leach liquor of harm constituent concentration average out to GB5085.3-2007 standard code in the leach liquor to leaching the vitreous substance of toxicity much smaller than " GB5085.3-2007 Hazardous wastes judging standard leaches toxicity and differentiates ".Wherein:
1, liquid towards, emulsion attitude, steam, gaseous state or in granularity less than the organic hazardous waste that adds solvent in 1mm Powdered, be not more than 60L/h by flow, produce the pressure (1bar=100 of 2 ~ 15bar through HPP; 000Pa=10 newton/square centimeter); Or forming the twin fluid atomization form with 2 ~ 7bar pressurized air, handle in the plasma body zone that is sprayed into the upper area in molten bath in the plasma reactor that volume is H500mm * Φ 500mm by spray gun, plasma torch voltage AC380V; Real output 80～160KW; Plasma body zone temperature is more than 3000 ℃, and core temperature is 10000K to 20000K, through the time of microsecond level; Scission reaction takes place in the plasma body zone in organic hazardous waste, produces the small molecules combustiblematerials.Simultaneously, and burn differently, plasma treatment does not rely on the existence of radical, and the gas of high degree of electrical ionization produces high temperature moment can be cracked into nontoxic small-molecule substance rapidly with organic hazardous waste.Introduce the plasma torch in plasma body zone and brought the part air into, the reacted product of organic hazardous waste is mainly cracked gas and quality is not more than a small amount of carbon black of 2%, and cracked gas is small molecules combustiblematerials H
2, CO, alkane, alkene and other organism.
2, to organic greater than the middle and high concentration of 500ppm of the following particle diameter of 30mm, mass concentration, transmit the molten bath that gets into plasma torch heating in the plasma reactor by airtight useless admittedly feed system sealing or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes is not more than 2t/d (8h * 3) by mass rate; Plasma torch voltage AC380V; Real output 80～160KW, plasma body zone temperature is more than 3000 ℃, and core temperature is 10000K to 20000K; Through the time of microsecond level; Need not under the incendiary situation, the solid-state Hazardous wastes of thermo-cracking poisonous and harmful, wherein: organically Hazardous wastes is cracked gas and a small amount of carbon black by cracking, gasification; After existing flue gas purification system is handled, qualified discharge; Inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes is melted and is vitreous substance; It leaches the vitreous substance of toxicity much smaller than " GB5085.3-2007 Hazardous wastes judging standard leaches toxicity and differentiates "; The harm constituent concentration on average is about 1% of harm constituent concentration limit value in the leach liquor of GB5085.3-2007 standard code in the leach liquor; Can serve as the raw material of paving the way, cement aggregate etc., as material of construction.Both solve Hazardous wastes, stopped the generation of polluting again.
Three, gas cleaning is handled
The cracked gas that is produced after the plasma treatment is evacuated to smoke stack emission by induced draft fan after handling through flue gas purification system.Flue gas purification system is treated to burning, chilling, depickling.
The burning process parameter is: medial temperature is 1200 ℃, and gas residence time is not less than 2s (promptly greater than 2s).
The emergency cooling process parameter is: in the time flue-gas temperature is brought down below 200 ℃ from average 1200 ℃ at 1s, by the spray filled cooling tower cooling of prior art, the void tower flow velocity is 2m/s.
The packing tower of prior art is adopted in depickling, guarantees that the sour gas emission concentration satisfies the requirement of " the GB18484-2001 dangerous waste incineration pollutes control criterion ".
Portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention; Be provided with the feed system, plasma reactor and the flue gas purification system that are linked in sequence; Feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system are arranged in the freight container of automobile trailer, and portable trailer power station is feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system power supply.Flue gas purification system is made up of the combustion chamber that is linked in sequence, quench tower, extracting tower and induced draft fan.Portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention has subsequent use Work tool.
Feed system is provided with high pressure screw pump, blower fan and worm conveyor.Feed system is sent into Hazardous wastes liquid, the emulsion attitude plasma reactor by high pressure screw pump and is handled.Particle diameter is sent into plasma reactor by high pressure screw pump and is handled less than the Powdered Hazardous wastes of 1mm.
Steam, gaseous state class Hazardous wastes are evacuated to the gas feed hole of plasma reactor through blower fan.Or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, handle by the molten bath that broken back is sent in the plasma reactor by worm conveyor greater than the organic of the middle and high concentration of 500ppm for mass concentration.
The combustion chamber of flue gas purification system is the vertical cylinder shape, adopts firebrick structure, and inside is the high alumina brick flame retardant coating, makes thermal insulation layer with perlite and alumina silicate fiber felt, and the outside is a heat-resisting steel sheet and plate, advances mouth and is arranged on the lower end, and smoke outlet is arranged on the upper end.Inflammable gas and carbon black that the combustion chamber is used for the outlet of article on plasma precursor reactant device fully burn, and avoid the quench tower of rear end, the danger that extracting tower is blasted, and simultaneously the small number of materials of escaping are reached the intermediate product that does not decompose fully and thoroughly burn, and generate CO
2And H
2O.
Be connected with two burners in the lower end, combustion chamber, burner adopts single hop fire bumer of light fuel.Be to guarantee the stable of burning room temp, it is combustion-supporting to spray into diesel oil when needing, and can effectively improve the temperature with the stable burning chamber, and guarantee that the stable in properties of air-flow is even.
Quench tower adopts spray filled cooling tower, and the tower body total height is no more than the highest permission height in compartment.
Extracting tower adopts the filler extracting tower, and the tower body total height is no more than the highest permission height in compartment, when insufficient height, can the packing tower segmentation be connected in series.
Induced draft fan adopts centrifugal blower, and like Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the induced draft fan outlet connects the gas approach 31 of scalable chimney, and scalable chimney adopts hydraulicefficiency system 36 to drive the flexible of chimney.Scalable chimney is provided with nine joint cylindrical shells; Be nested with setting in that contraction schedule nine joint cylindrical shells are coaxial, outside every joint cylindrical shell exceeds the cylindrical shell 4cm that is adjacent outside from the lining, except that the outermost layer cylindrical shell; One week of upper end outer rim of every joint cylindrical shell is connected with clip 35, and clip 35 is that the ring of two semicircles constitutes.Be connected with steady arm 39 on the piston rod 33 of hydraulicefficiency system 36, steady arm 39 supported clip 35 when piston rod 33 moved up, and made the cylindrical shell that is connected with this clip 35 upwards with stretching out.Gas approach 31 is arranged on the cylindrical shell bottom.
The inside one joint is connected with latch closure 38 cylindrical shell lower end one week of outer rim; Outermost one joint cylindrical shell upper end is connected with latch closure 38 in one week of inner edge; Other every joints (seven joint) cylindrical shell upper end inner edge, one week of lower end outer rim be connected with latch closure 38; Latch closure 38 cross sections are outside L shaped, and embedding on the L shaped bottom surface has sealing-ring, and the cross section, cylindrical shell top that is connected with latch closure 38 is inside L shaped for oppositely.
Except that the cylindrical shell at the end, each saves the screw that is drilled with 8 M10 on the latch closure 38 of cylindrical shell lower end, screws in screw 37 successively when being used for cylindrical shell and extending upwardly, and lower shell in the fixed connection unclamps screw 37 successively when shrinking cylindrical shell, the upper shell contraction that can descend.
On vertical cylindrical shell, be provided with the rainhat 34 of circular arc or taper.
When stretching out chimney; The coaxial cylindrical shell outwards past successively rising that is nested with setting from the lining; The clip 35 that steady arm 39 on the piston rod 33 on hydraulicefficiency system 36 oil cylinders 32 tops supports on the innermost cylindrical shell drives the cylindrical shell that is connected with this clip 35 and rises, when the latch closure 38 of this cylindrical shell bottom closely contacts with a following joint cylindrical shell upper end; Screw 37 is aimed at position, screw hole, this two joints cylindrical shell is fixed.Piston rod 33 descends then; Steady arm 39 on the piston rod 33 supports the clip 35 on the cylindrical shell with the inside one joint cylindrical shell next-door neighbour's outside again, drives the cylindrical shell rising that is connected with this clip 35, at this moment; Innermost cylindrical shell is also up being stretched accordingly; When the latch closure 38 of this cylindrical shell bottom closely contacts with a following joint cylindrical shell upper end, screw 37 is aimed at position, screw hole, this two joints cylindrical shell is fixed.The rest may be inferred, stretches out fully until all cylindrical shells.When shrinking chimney; Cylindrical shell above joint cylindrical shell of the end one begins to pushing up most a joint successively toward descending; Steady arm 39 on the piston rod 33 on hydraulicefficiency system 36 oil cylinders 32 tops supports the clip 35 on the cylindrical shell above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one; Unload the screw 37 of one joint cylindrical shell upper end, the end; Piston rod 33 drives steady arms 39 and moves down, and steady arm 39 supports cylindrical shell and above all cylindrical shells above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one (i.e. all cylindrical shells above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one) and moves down, and is contracted in the joint cylindrical shell of the end one to the cylindrical shell above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one; Shrink top cylindrical shell again with cylindrical shell next-door neighbour above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one; Steady arm 39 on the piston rod 33 on hydraulicefficiency system 36 oil cylinders 32 tops supports the clip 35 on the top cylindrical shell with cylindrical shell next-door neighbour above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one, unloads the screw 37 of the cylindrical shell upper end above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one, and piston rod 33 drives steady arms 39 and moves down; Steady arm 39 supports with cylindrical shell next-door neighbour's above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one top cylindrical shell and above all cylindrical shells (i.e. all cylindrical shells above the cylindrical shell above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one) and moves down; Be contracted in the cylindrical shell above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one to the top cylindrical shell with cylindrical shell next-door neighbour above the joint cylindrical shell of the end one, the rest may be inferred, all is retracted up to cylindrical shell.
Hydraulicefficiency system 36 adopts the twin-stage cylinder hydraulicefficiency system of Wuhu Yinhong Hydraulic Components Co., Ltd., and the oil cylinder model is SYG2-50E-1500, and scalable chimney is extending to 25m, may contract to interior in transit.
Scalable chimney also can not adopt hydraulicefficiency system 36 to drive the flexible of chimney, stretches out installation and shrinks fixing with lifting machine.
The online flue gas analysis CEMS of system is installed on the chimney; The installation site of CEMS is confirmed to be provided with according to the requirement of " fixed pollution source smoke discharge continuous monitoring technical specifications " (HJ ∕ T 75-2007); Data in real time transfers on the image display outside the compartment, is convenient to monitor the emissions data of pollutent.Main monitoring target is: CO, CO
2, HCl, SOx, contain O
2Amount, dust concentration index.
In order to solve the problem that the remote mountain areas does not have power supply facility, portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention is equipped with portable trailer power station.Portable trailer power station adopts the semi-trailer trailer power station of the portable trailer power station of four-wheel, and the THY-220GF or the THY-250GF type engine generator set of Yuchai group is installed, and is fuel with diesel oil, is the power machine that primover drives generator for electricity generation with the oil motor.Owing to be installed on the small-sized towed vehicle, mobility is strong, and its volume is little, flexible, light, comprehensive in addition, is convenient to advantages such as operation and maintenance, can guarantee the need for electricity in open-air building site fully.
As shown in Figure 2, portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention is loaded in the freight container counter car of a standard.The specification of container car strictly observe " over-limited transport vehicle go highway administration regulation " (The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China, MOC's issue on February 13rd, 2000), " vehicle overload overload identification standard " (from September 1st, 2004 to December 31, national traffic, public security will be carried out the unified vehicle overload identification standard that overloads) administrative provisions.
As shown in Figure 3, plasma reactor, inside is cylinder-like structure.
Plasma reactor cavity internal reaction area size is H500mm * Φ 500mm.
Furnace roof, furnace wall are followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material 7; The second layer is a 300mm high purity corundum refractory brick 6; Can under reduction, oxygen deprivation and oxidizing atmosphere, use; The 3rd layer is that 5, the four layers of 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blankets are 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt 4, and layer 5 is a 50mm box hat 3.
Furnace bottom also is divided into five layers; Be followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material 7; The second layer is a 500mm high purity corundum refractory brick 6; The 3rd layer is that 5, the four layers of 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blankets are 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt 4, and layer 5 is a 50mm box hat 3.
Said plasma reactor; Need to guarantee that box hat 3 outside wall temperatures are not higher than 50 ℃; Otherwise need to increase the thickness of the 3rd layer of aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket 5, to guarantee to reach " Code for design of heat insulation engineering of industrial equipment and pipe lines " standard (GB50264-97).
The top of box hat 3 is provided with the spray gun 9 that is used for spraying; Be connected with plasma torch 1 at box hat 3 tops; The spraying air flow line of the medullary ray of plasma torch 1 and spray gun 9 ejections is acute angle; Box hat 3 sides connect worm conveyor, and box hat 3 tops are connected with pneumatic outlet 11, and box hat is connected with blowing device 10 3 times.Be connected with the flame scanner 2 that is used for the response situation in the monitoring of plasma reactor drum on the box hat 3.
Admittedly useless feed system 8 adopts worm conveyor; Be provided with spiral push rod 16 (abbreviation screw rod); Screw rod 16 is provided with the bottom of useless opening for feed 15 admittedly; The axis normal of its axis and plasma torch 1 is arranged on drive unit 14 connecting screw rods 16 1 ends outside the box hat 3, and drive unit 14 is the cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer that motor connects.
The pending material of the following particle diameter of 30mm is sent into by useless admittedly opening for feed 15, and under drive unit 14 drove, screw rod 16 drove material low speed and steadily in plasma reactor, moves.Screw rod 16 adopts does not have axle spirals, has with the material contact surface for a short time, and frictional force is low, does not have the advantage of stopping up wrapping phenomena.
As shown in Figure 4; Blowing device 10 is provided with the corundum plug seat 17 of taper, is provided with the corundum plug 18 of taper in the corundum plug seat 17, and corundum plug 18 connects shaft-like corundum extension rod 19; Extension rod 19 is arranged in the corundum sleeve 20 of tubular; Corundum sleeve 20 is coated with insulating cotton 21 and steel bushing 22, and steel bushing 22 connects mounting flange 23, and mounting flange 23 connects tabular cover plate 25 through the taper pin 24 of adjustable distance; Cover plate 25 connects shaft-like unlatching support 27 through cyclic shaft seat 26, and extension rod 19 is connected with handle 30 through columned center fixed seat 28, adjustment screw rod 29.During blowing, at first unclamp taper pin 24, pull handle 30; Unclamp adjustment screw rod 29, rotate axle bed 26 of support 27 is rotated, corundum extension rod 19 is pulled out get final product blowing; Blowing finishes; Corundum extension rod 19 is retracted into corundum plug 18 and 17 sealings of corundum seat, adjusts handle 30, taper pin 24 is locked on the mounting flange 23 can accomplishes the blowing process.
The model of plasma torch 1, quantity are provided with according to type, the treatment capacity of waste, handle the solid-state Hazardous wastes configuration of liquid Hazardous wastes or the 2t/d of 60L/h by the MGC-200 type plasma torch of every Maikerui Environmental Science & Tech Co Ltd, Senzhen City.
Liquid state, emulsion attitude, steam, gaseous state or granularity are sent into through high pressure screw pump and blower fan less than the Powdered organic hazardous waste of 1mm; Spray in the plasma reactor of raffinal chromium refractory casting material 7 and high purity corundum refractory brick 6 through spray gun 9 again; The concurrent biochemical reaction of gasification rapidly near the plasma torch 1 torch heart more than 3000 ℃ the plasma high-temperature zone 12; Bring part oxygen into the cooling air of plasma torch 1; Through the oxygen level in the control plasma reactor, make most C generate CO, primary product is CO, H
2, alkane, alkene etc.Export 11 entering combustion chambers by cracked gas again.
The organic of a small amount of middle and high concentration gets into the molten bath 13 that plasma torch 1 heats in the plasma reactor or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes is transmitted by airtight useless admittedly feed system 8; Can need not under the incendiary situation; The solid-state Hazardous wastes of thermo-cracking poisonous and harmful; Wherein: organically Hazardous wastes is the flammable innoxious substance of corresponding small molecules by cracking, gasification, after the flue gas purification system processing of prior art, and qualified discharge; Inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes is melted and is vitreous substance; Again by 10 dischargings of blowing device; Vitreous substance leaches toxicity much smaller than " the Hazardous wastes judging standard leaches toxicity and differentiates " standard (GB5085.3-2007), can serve as the raw material of paving the way, cement aggregate etc., is ready-made material of construction.Both solve Hazardous wastes, stopped the generation of polluting again.
The PCBs transformer oil is 7bar by moulding pressure, and model is that the mono-pump of LG40-2 is sent into plasma reactor, and feed rate is 2l/min; The contaminated soil that contains 8.11%PCBs is that the worm conveyor of WLS-260 is sent into plasma reactor, rotating speed 20r/min by model.
The plasma reactor outside dimension is H2000mm * Φ 1800mm; Cavity internal reaction area size is H500mm * Φ 500mm; Be provided with the MGC-200 type plasma torch of 1 cover Maikerui Environmental Science & Tech Co Ltd, Senzhen City, voltage AC380V, real output 80～160KW.Plasma reactor is provided with flame monitor, and flame monitor adopts the LY2000 type flame monitor of Yantai Hairong Electric Power Technology Co., Ltd.
The height of combustion chamber and internal diameter are H2000mm * Φ 900mm; Be the vertical cylinder shape, adopt firebrick structure, inside is the high alumina brick flame retardant coating; Make thermal insulation layer with perlite and alumina silicate fiber felt; The outside is a heat-resisting steel sheet and plate, and inner medial temperature is that gas residence time is not less than 2s about 1200 ℃.Be connected with two burners in the lower end, combustion chamber, burner adopts the BTL 14 type burners of Shanghai Xia Ran mechanical & electronic equipment corporation, Ltd.The combustion chamber is provided with thermopair, and thermopair adopts S calibration platinum Pt Rh assembly type.
The height of quench tower and internal diameter are H2290mm * Φ 800mm; Inside attach most importance to refractory casting material (mullite) and Lowweight Refractory Castable (mullite); With the ceramic beaverboard is lagging material; The outside is a heat-resisting steel sheet and plate, in the time flue-gas temperature is brought down below 200 ℃, water loss 0.34m from average 1200 ℃ at 1s
3/ h, compressed air consumption≤1.5Nm
3/ h.
Extracting tower is two sections tandems, and the front is a spray column, and spray column height and internal diameter are H2300mm * Φ 500mm, and the circulation spouting liquid is 8t/h; The back is a packing tower, and packing tower height and internal diameter are H2300mm * Φ 500mm, and filler adopts Vestolen PP 7052 Pall ring filler, and packed height 800mm, spouting liquid are 4t/h.
Induced draft fan adopts Taiwan to push up the TF-241B type blower fan of abundant Science and Technology Co., Ltd..
Wherein, raffinal chromium refractory casting material 7 adopts the KT-19H type refractory castable of Kaifeng TeNai Co., Ltd, contained Al
2O
3>=95%, 1900 ℃ of maximum operation (service) temperatures; High purity corundum refractory brick 6 adopts the WA99 type refractory brick of Kaifeng TeNai Co., Ltd, contained Al
2O
3>=99%, 1850 ℃ of maximum operation (service) temperatures; Aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket 5 employing Deqing long-range refractory materials ltd contains zirconium-type aluminum silicate fire-resistant fiber knit blanket, contained (Al
2O
3+ SiO
2+ ZrO)>=99%, ZrO
2Be 15% ~ 17%, 1350 ℃ of working temperatures; The high alumina type aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt of aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt 4 employing Deqing long-range refractory materials ltd, contained Al
2O
3Be 52% ~ 55%, (Al
2O
3+ SiO
2)>=99%, 1200 ℃ of working temperatures; The 316L type stainless steel of box hat 3 employing Henan ten thousand emerging stainless steel ltd.
Trailer adopts Liangshan, Shandong to contain the 9400TJZG type trailer of space automobile making ltd; Freight container adopts the 40' freight container; Portable trailer power station adopts the portable trailer power station of four-wheel of river, Jiangsu person of outstanding talent's power unit ltd.
The flue gas that plasma reactor produced is evacuated to smoke stack emission by induced draft fan after handling by combustion chamber, quench tower, extracting tower.And, (GB18484-2001) (GB5085.3-2007) detecting by " dangerous waste incineration pollution control criterion " with " the Hazardous wastes judging standard leaches toxicity and differentiates ", each item Pollutant levels satisfy emission request.Through detecting, the smoke emissioning concentration after the processing is (mg/m
3): SO
2: 0, HCl:13.64, CO:22.5, total plumbous: 0.029, total nickel: 0.056, total cadmium: 0, flue dust: 12.1, NOx:289; The harm constituent concentration is (mg/L) in the leach liquor of vitreous substance: fluorochemical: 2.87, cadmium: 0.005, lead: 0.1, silver: 0.01, chromium: 0.018, prussiate: 0.003, copper: 0.04, sexavalent chrome: 0.004, nickel: 0.04, arsenic: 0.0036, selenium: 0.004.
Portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention both safety, disposable harmless treatment efficiently Hazardous wastes, also avoided simultaneously the transfer transprovincially of Hazardous wastes, locally just can dispose, improved economy, security greatly; Simultaneously, when burst that meets accident or non-burst Hazardous wastes environmental accident, can distribute portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit and rush for the scene fast, emergency processing is carried out at the scene.Thereby, satisfy following basic function and requirement: under extreme conditions or under the emergency condition, transport fixed point or in the way of advancing, rapidly and efficiently zero distance pollutent or source of pollution are carried out disposable harmless treatment on the spot to vehicle-mounted mode; Generally speaking, with initiatively, the mode that moves exempts and clears and Hazardous wastes is carried out in time processing on the spot.
The using plasma method can safety, disposable harmless treatment Hazardous wastes efficiently, does not have any problem of secondary pollution.Simultaneously; Large-scale relatively, the fixed Hazardous wastes treatment unit of portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit has miniaturized, characteristics movably, thereby can realize installing and removing on the spot, arrive at fast, meet an urgent need, exempting to clear, on the spot Hazardous wastes is carried out the purpose of disposable harmlessness disposing.
Portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit of the present invention has structurally embodied compact, small and exquisite plan; Make every effort to save the space under the situation of performance requriements satisfying as far as possible; So that it is compact more, efficient, meet the operating requirement of vehicle-mounted removable disposal plant.Discharge after guaranteeing to reach the standard of " GB18484-2001 dangerous waste incineration pollute control criterion " through flue gas after being purified.
Claims (10)
1. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process; May further comprise the steps: after one, the Hazardous wastes of the on-the-spot liquid state of Hazardous wastes, emulsion attitude, particle diameter add the stirring solvent homogeneous less than the Powdered Hazardous wastes of 1mm, steam and/or gaseous state class Hazardous wastes; By the pressure of 2 ~ 15bar, or form the twin fluid atomization form with 2 ~ 7bar pressurized air and send into the plasma reactor in the freight container of automobile trailer; Mass concentration or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, is sent into the plasma reactor in the freight container of automobile trailer greater than the organic of 500ppm by worm conveyor; Two, the gas ions regional temperature of plasma reactor is more than 3000 ℃, and Hazardous wastes is through the time of microsecond level, and organically Hazardous wastes is cracked gas and carbon black by cracking, gasification, and inorganic Hazardous wastes is melted and is vitreous substance; Three, cracked gas and the carbon black combustion chamber medial temperature of flue gas purification system in the freight container of automobile trailer is 1200 ℃; Gas residence time is not less than 2s burning, after 1s is brought down below 200 ℃ of chillings, depickling with flue-gas temperature from average 1200 ℃ in the time from scalable smoke stack emission.
2. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Hazardous wastes of said liquid state, emulsion attitude, stir the homogeneous after-filtration, and make wherein solids particle diameter less than 0.5mm, the quality solid content is less than 40%.
3. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said particle diameter adds solvent less than the Powdered Hazardous wastes of 1mm in Hazardous wastes, stirs homogeneous, is the quality solid content less than 70% liquid state.
4. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment process according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: to particle diameter greater than 30mm, mass concentration greater than the organic of 500ppm or/and inorganic solid-state Hazardous wastes, it is crushed to particle diameter is the pending Hazardous wastes material below the 30mm.
5. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit; It is characterized in that: said portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit is provided with feed system, plasma reactor and the flue gas purification system that is linked in sequence; Feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system are arranged in the freight container of automobile trailer, and flue gas purification system is made up of the combustion chamber that is linked in sequence, quench tower, extracting tower and induced draft fan.
6. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: portable trailer power station is feed system, plasma reactor and flue gas purification system power supply.
7. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: said feed system is provided with high pressure screw pump, blower fan and worm conveyor.
8. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: furnace roof, the furnace wall of said plasma reactor are followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material (7); The second layer is a 300mm high purity corundum refractory brick (6); The 3rd layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket (5), and the 4th layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt (4), and layer 5 is 50mm box hat (3); The furnace bottom of said plasma reactor is followed successively by from inside to outside: the first layer is a 100mm raffinal chromium refractory casting material (7); The second layer is a 500mm high purity corundum refractory brick (6); The 3rd layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber needle punched blanket (5); The 4th layer is 100mm aluminosilicate refractory fiber vacuum forming felt (4), and layer 5 is 50mm box hat (3); The top of said box hat (3) is provided with spray gun (9); Be connected with plasma torch (1) at box hat (3) top; The spraying air flow line of the medullary ray of plasma torch (1) and spray gun (9) ejection is acute angle; Box hat (3) side connects worm conveyor, and box hat (3) top is connected with pneumatic outlet (11), is connected with blowing device (10) under the box hat (3).
9. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit according to claim 8; It is characterized in that: said blowing device (10) is provided with the plug seat (17) of taper; Be provided with the plug (18) of taper in the plug seat (17); Plug (18) connects shaft-like extension rod (19), and extension rod (19) is arranged in the sleeve (20) of tubular, and sleeve (20) is coated with insulating cotton (21) and steel bushing (22); Steel bushing (22) connects mounting flange (23); Mounting flange (23) connects tabular cover plate (25) through the taper pin (24) of adjustable distance, and cover plate (25) connects shaft-like unlatching support (27) through cyclic shaft seat (26), and extension rod (19) is connected with handle (30) through columned center fixed seat (28), adjustment screw rod (29).
10. portable plasma body Hazardous wastes treatment unit according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said induced draft fan outlet connects the gas approach (31) of scalable chimney, and scalable chimney adopts hydraulicefficiency system (36) to drive the flexible of chimney; Said scalable chimney is provided with the coaxial cylindrical shell that is nested with setting; Outside every joint cylindrical shell exceeds the cylindrical shell 4cm that is adjacent outside from the lining; One week of upper end outer rim of every joint cylindrical shell is connected with clip (35); Be connected with steady arm (39) on the piston rod (33) of hydraulicefficiency system (36), piston rod (33) is steady arm (39) support clip (35) when moving up, and makes the cylindrical shell that is connected with this clip (35) upwards with stretching out.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210215781.7A CN102746900B (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2012-06-27 | Method and device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210215781.7A CN102746900B (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2012-06-27 | Method and device for mobile treatment on plasma dangerous waste |
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| CN102746900A true CN102746900A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102746900B CN102746900B (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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| CN104818064A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-05 | 齐元峰 | Synchronous recycling method with high-calorific-value dangerous waste and municipal solid waste |
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| CN113565479B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Portable CO 2 Injection control device |
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