CN104310732B - A kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device and treatment process thereof - Google Patents
A kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device and treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104310732B CN104310732B CN201410588858.4A CN201410588858A CN104310732B CN 104310732 B CN104310732 B CN 104310732B CN 201410588858 A CN201410588858 A CN 201410588858A CN 104310732 B CN104310732 B CN 104310732B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device and treatment process thereof, described device comprises sludge incineration device, the first collecting device, vitrifying stove, the first high-temperature plasma torch, the second collecting device, conduit, the second high-temperature plasma torch, pipeline, tailings outlet and realizes the PLC automatic control system of mud automatic business processing operation control; Described treatment process, is characterized in that, the disposal process of described treatment process divides two-stage, and one-level is disposed mainly for larger mud granule; Secondary is disposed mainly for the mud granule in flue gas; Not only plasma vitrifying is realized to larger solid particulate in whole disposal process, also carried out vitrifying disposal to containing more short grained flue gas.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, and floor space is little, and treating processes is controlled automatically by PLC, does not need manual operation and intervention, not discharge of noxious gases during process, does not also produce toxic gas, sludge treatment thoroughly and efficiency is high, wide accommodation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sludge disposal technology, particularly relate to a kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device and treatment process thereof.
Background technology
Conventional mud is that sewage work carries out the product after purifying treatment to sewage, and the feature of mud is: 1, composition is very complicated, and in colloidal, character is unstable, and easily corruption is smelly; 2, the content of heavy metal, hazardous contaminant is high; 3, water ratio is high, and dehydration property is poor, not easily dewaters; 4, containing a large amount of pathogenic bacteria and parasitic ovum etc.If process this type of mud unreasonably, cause larger harm by environment and the mankind and animal health.
Current main disposing technique has: an anaerobically fermenting; Two aerobic fermentations; Three collaborative to burn (comprise that cement mill is collaboratively burned, power plant collaboratively burns, rubbish is collaborative burn); Four simple landfills; Five produce fertilizer.There is following main technical disadvantages in existing above-mentioned Sludge Disposal Techniques technique: 1, anaerobically fermenting disposal process and effect affect comparatively large by mud composition transfer, and disposal efficiency is low; 2, aerobic digested sludge processing mode energy consumption is higher, and infrastructure investment is large, and the composition transfer by mud affects greatly; 3, collaborative incineration disposal process can produce the toxic gases such as Dioxins, can not solve the pollution problem of the hazardous and noxious substances such as Heavy Metals in Sludge; 4, simple landfill is prohibited gradually, and this method can produce serious problem of environmental pollution; 5, mud is produced in fertilizer and is contained the pollutents such as heavy metal, only can be used as afforestation, and there is the risk causing environmental pollution.
At present, the combination of drying and other treatment technique and disposing technique just constitutes the main technological route of current specific resistance to filtration.But because sludge quantity is comparatively large, mummification needs to consume the energy, and cost is very high, and landfill wastes land resources again, and mud self has certain calorific value, therefore can carry out the disposal that vitrifying realizes mud.But, the current most complex structure of sludge glass treatment facility, control difficulty also large, processing efficiency is low, and its fume emission produced in treating processes very easily causes secondary pollution; Such as a kind of vitrifying sludge disposal system disclosed in Chinese patent ZL201420139125.8, it cannot carry out classification to mud and catch process, this indifference vitrifying disposal process can cause great energy consumption, to the carrying out washing treatment of flue gas, not only cost is high, also thoroughly cannot avoid the possibility of the secondary pollution in sludge handling process.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device and treatment process thereof, it is simple that it has apparatus structure, controls convenient and that sludge treatment efficiency is high advantage.
The present invention is achieved like this, a kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device, it is characterized in that, it comprises the outlet of sludge incineration device, the first collecting device, vitrifying stove, the first high-temperature plasma torch, the second collecting device, conduit, the second high-temperature plasma torch, pipeline and tailings, one end of described sludge incineration device is provided with ignition dope entrance and mud feeding mouth, and the other end of sludge incineration device is connected to the upper end of the first collecting device and one end of pipeline;
The lower end of the first collecting device is connected to the upper end of vitrifying stove, and the lower end of vitrifying stove is provided with the tailings outlet of the mud for discharging molten state, and vitrifying stove is connected with the first high-temperature plasma torch; The other end of pipeline is connected to the upper end of the second collecting device, and is provided with the offgas outlet for discharging flue gas, and the two ends of conduit are connected to lower end and the vitrifying stove of the second collecting device, and pipeline is connected with the second high-temperature plasma torch.
Preferably: the end of described sludge incineration device is an arcuate structure along the outer wall of the first collecting device and is communicated with the first collecting device.
Preferably: be communicated with the second collecting device after the coupling end of described pipeline and the second collecting device is an arcuate structure along the outer wall of the second collecting device.
Preferably: described second high-temperature plasma torch has two or more, and they are evenly arranged around conduit axis.
Described sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device also comprises the PLC automatic control system realizing the operation of mud automatic business processing and control, and described PLC automatic control system comprises the electric control gear of the sensor of temperature in temperature, vitrifying in-furnace temperature and pipeline in ignition dope flow that the mud flow velocity, the ignition dope entrance that enter for monitoring device internal pressure, mud feeding mouth enter, sludge incineration device, the controller be connected with sensor electrical and several implementation controller steering orders.Described electric control gear comprises for controlling the valve system of mud flow velocity that mud feeding mouth enters and the ignition dope flow that ignition dope entrance enters and controlling the torch temperature control equipment of the first high-temperature plasma torch and the second high-temperature plasma torch ignition temperature.
The treatment process of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device, is characterized in that, the treating method comprises following steps:
(1) the mud screening granularity after jet drying and other treatment is on average at 200 orders, mud feeding mouth through sludge incineration device enters sludge incineration device, ignition dope is sprayed at ignition dope entrance, mud can realize self-sustaining burning under the effect of self calorific value, and the microorganism in mud is effectively killed by combustion processes;
(2) mud sprays in collecting device through sludge incineration device with high speed, in collecting device, collecting is carried out after the sludge incineration sprayed into, oarse-grained mud falls into vitrifying stove, the the first high-temperature plasma torch arranged in vitrifying stove carries out high-temperature plasma vitrifying process to mud, now, the flame temperature of the first high-temperature plasma torch is more than 7000 DEG C; Mud is heated to molten state, and the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged.
(3) enter pipeline from the small-particle mud of sludge incineration device and flue gas, pipeline is furnished with the second high-temperature plasma torch flue gas and mud granule are arranged, the objectionable constituent in flue gas are processed;
(4) flue gas being mingled with mud granule enters the second collecting device, Granular sludge enters in vitrifying stove along conduit after collecting effect, now, temperature in vitrifying stove is more than 1500 DEG C, mud is heated to molten state, the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged, and the flue gas after process is discharged from offgas outlet;
(5) temperature in temperature, vitrifying in-furnace temperature and pipeline in the ignition dope flow that Sensor monitoring device internal pressure, mud feeding mouth enter mud flow velocity, ignition dope entrance enter, sludge incineration device, and convert monitoring data to electric signal transmission to PLC automatic control system, by the treating processes of PLC automatic control system control device.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1, noxious gas emission is extremely low, far below national normal value.Arrange through high-temperature plasma torch before gaseous emission, effectively remove the objectionable impurities such as oxynitride, sulfide wherein; 2, noxious gas emission is extremely low, far below national normal value.Sludge glass in-furnace temperature, higher than 1500 DEG C, can not produce the toxic substance such as Dioxins, furans in treating processes; 3, sludge treatment is thorough.Treatment temp, more than 1500 DEG C, higher than sludge ash fusing point, makes mud realize thoroughly disposing; 4, the mud after process conveniently can carry out building materials utilization.Mud after process presents molten state, can make building thermal insulation material rock wool or glass sand etc., realize the recycling of mud after tailings outlet is discharged through centrifuging.5, installed power is little, energy-conserving and environment-protective.Unpowered element in whole vitrifying stove, powdery mud can self-sustaining burning after burner sprays into, abundant save energy.6, wide accommodation.The disposal of the various mud such as municipal sludge, coal slime, industrial sludge can be adapted to.7, structure is simple, and floor space is little.This equipment adopts modular design, and floor space is little, and can combine according to practical situation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is structure vertical view of the present invention.
In the drawings, 1, sludge incineration device 2, first collecting device 3, vitrifying stove 4, first high-temperature plasma torch 5, second collecting device 6, conduit 7, second high-temperature plasma torch 8, pipeline 9, tailings outlet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention is achieved like this, it comprises sludge incineration device 1, first collecting device 2, vitrifying stove 3, first high-temperature plasma torch 4, second collecting device 5, conduit 6, second high-temperature plasma torch 7, pipeline 8 and tailings outlet 9, one end of described sludge incineration device 1 is provided with ignition dope entrance and mud feeding mouth, and the other end of sludge incineration device 1 is connected to the upper end of the first collecting device 2 and one end of pipeline 8;
The lower end of the first collecting device 2 is connected to the upper end of vitrifying stove 3, and the lower end of vitrifying stove 3 is provided with the tailings outlet for discharging molten state mud, and vitrifying stove 3 is connected with the first high-temperature plasma torch 4; The other end of pipeline 8 is connected to the upper end of the second collecting device 5, and is provided with the offgas outlet for discharging flue gas, and the two ends of conduit 6 are connected to lower end and the vitrifying stove 3 of the second collecting 5 device, and pipeline 8 is connected with the second high-temperature plasma torch 7.
The end of described sludge incineration device 1 is an arcuate structure and the first collecting device 2 is communicated with along the outer wall of the first collecting device 2.Arcuately structure can rotate into the first collecting device 2 when this structure design makes the powder of sludge incineration device 1 spray, under the influence of centrifugal force, greatly can improve and screening efficiency is carried out to material.
The coupling end of described pipeline 8 and the second collecting device 5 is an arcuate structure along the outer wall of the second collecting device 5 and is communicated with the second collecting device 5.This structure design makes the powder sprayed from pipeline 8 arcuately structure can rotate into the second collecting device 5, greatly improves the separation efficiency of tiny powder and gas under centrifugation.
Described second high-temperature plasma torch 7 has two or more, and they are evenly arranged around the axis of pipeline 8.The setting of the second high-temperature plasma torch 7 arranges through high-temperature plasma torch before realizing gaseous emission, the objectionable impuritiess such as effective removal oxynitride wherein, sulfide, avoid environmental pollution, this has better processing efficiency and better treatment effect than traditional washing method.
Described sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device also comprises the PLC automatic control system realizing the operation of mud automatic business processing and control, and described PLC automatic control system to comprise in ignition dope flow that the mud flow velocity, the ignition dope entrance that enter for monitoring device internal pressure, mud feeding mouth enter, sludge incineration device 1 electric control gear of the sensor of temperature in temperature in temperature, vitrifying stove 3 and pipeline 8, the controller be connected with sensor electrical and several implementation controller steering orders.Described electric control gear comprises for controlling the valve system of mud flow velocity that mud feeding mouth enters and the ignition dope flow that ignition dope entrance enters and controlling the torch temperature control equipment of the first high-temperature plasma torch 4 and the second high-temperature plasma torch 7 ignition temperature.Whole sludge glass process adopts high-temperature plasma torch, and energy density is high, can reach 100MW/m3, and mud falls into vitrifying stove with powdered granule, sufficient reacting, fast.
The treatment process of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device, is characterized in that, the treating method comprises following steps:
(1) the mud screening granularity after jet drying and other treatment is on average at 200 orders, mud feeding mouth through sludge incineration device 1 enters sludge incineration device 1, ignition dope is sprayed at ignition dope entrance, mud can realize self-sustaining burning under the effect of self calorific value, and the microorganism in mud is effectively killed by combustion processes;
(2) mud sprays in the first collecting device 2 through sludge incineration device 1 with high speed, in the first collecting device 2, collecting is carried out after the sludge incineration sprayed into, oarse-grained mud falls into vitrifying stove 3, the the first high-temperature plasma torch 4 pairs of mud arranged in vitrifying stove 3 carry out high-temperature plasma vitrifying process, now, the flame temperature of the first high-temperature plasma torch 4 is 7000 DEG C; Mud is heated to molten state, and the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged.
(3) enter pipeline 8 from the small-particle mud of sludge incineration device 1 and flue gas, pipeline 8 is furnished with the second high-temperature plasma torch 7 pairs of flue gases and mud granule arranges, the objectionable constituent in flue gas are processed;
(4) flue gas being mingled with mud granule enters the second collecting device 5, Granular sludge enters in vitrifying stove 3 along conduit 6 after collecting effect, now, temperature in vitrifying stove 3 is more than 1500 DEG C, mud is heated to molten state, and the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged; Flue gas after process is discharged from offgas outlet;
(5) temperature in temperature and pipeline 8 in temperature, vitrifying stove 3 in the ignition dope flow that Sensor monitoring device internal pressure, mud feeding mouth enter mud flow velocity, ignition dope entrance enter, sludge incineration device 1, and convert monitoring data to electric signal transmission to PLC automatic control system, by the treating processes of PLC automatic control system control device.
The concrete control process of PLC automatic control system is such, according to device and sludge material composition, controller presets best processing parameter, the ignition dope flow that the mud flow velocity that controller by-pass valve control device and torch temperature control equipment timely adjustment mud feeding mouth enter, ignition dope entrance enter and the first high-temperature plasma torch 4 and the second high-temperature plasma torch 7 ignition temperature; Fed back by the monitoring of sensor, can timing monitoring device internal pressure, the parameter such as temperature in temperature and pipeline 8 in temperature, vitrifying stove 3 in sludge incineration device 1, according to setup parameter, continuous levelling is to realize Automated condtrol process, such as when sludge calorific value is lower than 1300kcl/kg, suitable ignition dope can be supplemented as required and promote burning.
The present invention, compared with traditional sludge treatment facility, has the innovative point of following effect;
1, vitrifying stove and collecting device collection are combined together, after classification collecting, namely carry out vitrifying process;
2, this equipment can be used to carry out vitrifying disposal to particulate solid material.Particulate solid material is as mud, coal slime etc.;
3, plasma vitrifying is disposed thoroughly.Disposal process divides two-stage, and one-level is disposed mainly for larger mud granule; Secondary is disposed mainly for the mud granule in flue gas;
4, energy consumption is low.Mud enters plasma vitrifying stokehold and first carries out through sludge incineration device burning of dusting, and the calorific value in mud can make full use of by combustion processes, effectively reduces energy consumption;
5, level of automation is high.Be provided with temperature, pressure, flow etc. in vitrification device and produce multiple sensors, the response behaviour of energy real-time detecting system, reaction process is controlled automatically by PLC, does not need manual operation and intervention;
6, disposal process is safe and reliable, does not produce secondary pollution, not only realizes plasma vitrifying to larger solid particulate in disposal process, has also carried out vitrifying disposal to containing more short grained flue gas.
Claims (7)
1. a sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device, it is characterized in that, it comprises the outlet of sludge incineration device, the first collecting device, vitrifying stove, the first high-temperature plasma torch, the second collecting device, conduit, the second high-temperature plasma torch, pipeline and tailings, one end of described sludge incineration device is provided with ignition dope entrance and mud feeding mouth, and the other end of sludge incineration device is connected to the upper end of the first collecting device and one end of pipeline;
The lower end of the first collecting device is connected to the upper end of vitrifying stove, and the lower end of vitrifying stove is provided with the tailings outlet of the mud for discharging molten state, and vitrifying stove is connected with the first high-temperature plasma torch;
The other end of pipeline is connected to the upper end of the second collecting device, and is provided with the offgas outlet for discharging flue gas, and the two ends of conduit are connected to lower end and the vitrifying stove of the second collecting device, and pipeline is connected with the second high-temperature plasma torch.
2. sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the end of described sludge incineration device is an arcuate structure along the outer wall of the first collecting device and is communicated with the first collecting device.
3. sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, is communicated with after the coupling end of described pipeline and the second collecting device is an arcuate structure along the outer wall of the second collecting device with the second collecting device.
4. sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described second high-temperature plasma torch has two or more, and they are evenly arranged around conduit axis.
5. the sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device as described in Claims 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device also comprises the PLC automatic control system realizing the operation of mud automatic business processing and control, described PLC automatic control system comprises for monitoring device internal pressure, the mud flow velocity that mud feeding mouth enters, the ignition dope flow that ignition dope entrance enters, temperature in sludge incineration device, the sensor of temperature in vitrifying in-furnace temperature and pipeline, the electric control gear of the controller be connected with sensor electrical and several implementation controller steering orders.
6. sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described electric control gear comprises for controlling the valve system of mud flow velocity that mud feeding mouth enters and the ignition dope flow that ignition dope entrance enters and controlling the torch temperature control equipment of the first high-temperature plasma torch and the second high-temperature plasma torch ignition temperature.
7. the treatment process of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device, is characterized in that, the treating method comprises following steps:
(1) the mud screening granularity after jet drying and other treatment is on average at 200 orders, mud feeding mouth through sludge incineration device enters sludge incineration device, ignition dope is sprayed at ignition dope entrance, mud can realize self-sustaining burning under the effect of self calorific value, and the microorganism in mud is effectively killed by combustion processes;
(2) mud sprays in collecting device through sludge incineration device with high speed, in collecting device, collecting is carried out after the sludge incineration sprayed into, oarse-grained mud falls into vitrifying stove, the the first high-temperature plasma torch arranged in vitrifying stove carries out high-temperature plasma vitrifying process to mud, now, the flame temperature of the first high-temperature plasma torch is more than 7000 DEG C; Mud is heated to molten state, and the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged;
(3) enter pipeline from the small-particle mud of sludge incineration device and flue gas, pipeline is furnished with the second high-temperature plasma torch flue gas and mud granule are arranged, the objectionable constituent in flue gas are processed;
(4) flue gas being mingled with mud granule enters the second collecting device, Granular sludge enters in vitrifying stove along conduit after collecting effect, now, temperature in vitrifying stove is more than 1500 DEG C, mud is heated to molten state, the tailings outlet of mud through bottom of molten state is discharged, and the flue gas after process is discharged from offgas outlet;
(5) temperature in temperature, vitrifying in-furnace temperature and pipeline in the ignition dope flow that Sensor monitoring device internal pressure, mud feeding mouth enter mud flow velocity, ignition dope entrance enter, sludge incineration device, and convert monitoring data to electric signal transmission to PLC automatic control system, by the treating processes of PLC automatic control system control device.
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| CN106594757A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-26 | 娈疯 | High-temperature plasma sludge incineration device |
| CN108080391A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-29 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Waste treatment system and method |
| CN111620548A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-09-04 | 青岛大学 | Temperature segmentation efficient vitrification treatment method for sludge containing organic components |
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| CN102144126A (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-08-03 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A multi-zone carbon conversion system with plasma melting |
| CN102285743A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-21 | 陈启松 | Harmless treatment method for sludge containing heavy metals |
| CN204185352U (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-04 | 山东博润工业技术股份有限公司 | A kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144126A (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-08-03 | 普拉斯科能源Ip控股公司毕尔巴鄂-沙夫豪森分公司 | A multi-zone carbon conversion system with plasma melting |
| CN102285743A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-12-21 | 陈启松 | Harmless treatment method for sludge containing heavy metals |
| CN204185352U (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-04 | 山东博润工业技术股份有限公司 | A kind of sludge high temperature plasma vitrifying device |
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