CN110181404B - Precise dressing method for superhard grinding wheel - Google Patents
Precise dressing method for superhard grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110181404B CN110181404B CN201910648835.0A CN201910648835A CN110181404B CN 110181404 B CN110181404 B CN 110181404B CN 201910648835 A CN201910648835 A CN 201910648835A CN 110181404 B CN110181404 B CN 110181404B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
Abstract
A method for precisely dressing a superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps: preparing, analyzing, trimming, evaluating quality and stopping; the method for precisely trimming the superhard grinding wheel comprises the steps of establishing a precise trimming step of the grinding wheel with single-layer abrasive particles, distinguishing the application range of the grinding wheel and quantifying the relationship between the precise trimming and the abrasive particle size of the grinding wheel; the method improves the yield of the single-layer superhard grinding wheel and the form and position precision of the grinding wheel, has low finishing cost and practical and efficient operation, and is a superhard grinding wheel sorting and precise finishing method worthy of great popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding wheel manufacturing and grinding application, and particularly relates to a precise dressing method for a superhard grinding wheel.
Background
The electroplated grinding wheel and the brazed grinding wheel have a series of advantages of simple manufacturing process, large holding force of a binding agent, high exposure of abrasive particles, large chip containing space, good grinding performance, long service life and the like. The grinding working layer of the grinding wheel usually only has a single layer of abrasive grains, not only shows the high strength of the bonding agent, but also plays the advantages of the superhard grinding materials (diamond and CBN), and is particularly suitable for high-speed, high-efficiency and powerful grinding and form grinding. However, due to the manufacturing process, the abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel have poor unevenness and contour, so that the precision grinding requirement is difficult to achieve, and the grinding wheel is mainly used for rough grinding at present.
Dressing is the process of obtaining the grinding performance and correct geometry of the surface of the grinding wheel, and in order to achieve precise grinding of such grinding wheels, the grinding wheels must be dressed. However, there is no practical dressing technology or dressing process available for dressing single-layer abrasive grain grinding wheels, and related grinding wheel dressing literature mainly focuses on dressing mechanism, principle and method, and cannot support further expansion and application of such superhard grinding wheels.
The Chinese invention patent 'an automatic tool setting method and device for precise finishing of grinding wheels' (publication number: CN106041740B) discloses an automatic tool setting method and device for precise finishing of grinding wheels, wherein the automatic tool setting method for precise finishing of grinding wheels comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, the height of each point on the surface of a grinding wheel to be dressed relative to the zero point of a sensor is collected by the sensor, so that the highest point on the surface of the grinding wheel to be dressed is determined; rotating the highest point of the grinding wheel to be dressed to a position opposite to the dresser in the feeding direction; moving the grinding wheel to be trimmed along the feeding direction until the distance between the highest point of the grinding wheel to be trimmed and the axis of the trimmer in the feeding direction is zero, and taking the position as a feed starting point; the invention actually directly uses the highest point of the grinding wheel to be dressed as the base point to carry out the tool setting of the whole grinding wheel to be dressed, is a tool setting mode, improves the tool setting precision of the grinding wheel to be dressed, but does not relate to a grinding wheel dressing method.
Chinese invention patent 'big abrasive grain diamond grinding wheel dressing device and method' (publication number: CN102785167B) discloses a big abrasive grain diamond grinding wheel dressing device and method, which relates to a grinding wheel dressing device and method, the device comprises two discs, two sets of clamps, two couplings, two sets of reducers and two motors, wherein the discs are respectively arranged at two sides of the axis of the grinding wheel, the axis of each disc is vertical to the axis of the grinding wheel, the end face of each disc is in contact with the grinding face of the grinding wheel, each disc is mounted on a fixture, each fixture is connected with a coupler, each coupler is connected with the output end of a reducer, and the input end of each reducer is connected with the output end of a motor; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mounting; secondly, detecting the radial rotation error of the large-abrasive-particle diamond grinding wheel, and finishing after the requirement is met; however, the method is used for precise finishing of the large-abrasive-grain diamond grinding wheel and is not suitable for precise finishing of the single-layer-abrasive-grain superhard grinding wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a superhard grinding wheel precision finishing method aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the superhard grinding wheel precision finishing method is used for efficiently, precisely and practically finishing a single-layer superhard grinding material grinding wheel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for precisely dressing a superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
1) preparation work:
collecting related information of the superhard grinding wheel to be repaired, including abrasive materials and granularity, and searching the maximum size D of the abrasive particles corresponding to the granularity of the grinding wheel according to the national standard GB/T6406-1996;
setting a target value A of expected radial run-out of the grinding wheel according to the grinding application requirements of the grinding wheel;
and (3) mounting the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed on a corresponding grinding machine, and collecting the roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel by using a displacement sensor.
2) And (3) analysis treatment:
denoising and smoothing the roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel obtained in the step 1), and extracting an initial radial run-out value Y1 of the grinding wheel;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is more than D x 40%, directly eliminating;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is not more than D × 40%, adjusting the eccentricity of the grinding wheel, then measuring the surface roundness curve of the grinding wheel for the second time, and extracting a secondary radial run-out value Y2 of the grinding wheel;
if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is more than D20%, the grinding wheel can be directly used for rough grinding without dressing; and if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is less than or equal to D × 20%, entering the step 3).
3) Micro-trimming:
according to the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed, selecting a proper dressing tool, wherein the total dressing amount is selected from [ Y2-A, Y2], the feeding amount is 1-5 mu m each time, and the feeding amount is reduced in sequence.
4) And (3) quality evaluation:
when the accumulated dressing feed reaches Y2-A, the radial run-out value of the grinding wheel surface is tested and recorded as Y3,
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is less than A, finishing;
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is larger than or equal to A, continuing to the step 3).
5) And (5) stopping the machine.
The finishing tool in the step 3) is a diamond finishing pen or a point wheel finishing tool.
When the inner circle grinding CBN grinding wheel is dressed, the dressing tool adopts a diamond dressing pen to carry out static dressing;
when the outer circle and the plane are dressed by a CBN grinding wheel or a diamond grinding wheel, the dressing tool adopts a point wheel dressing tool to carry out dynamic dressing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for precisely trimming the superhard grinding wheel comprises the steps of establishing a precise trimming step of the grinding wheel with single-layer abrasive particles, distinguishing the application range of the grinding wheel and quantifying the relationship between the precise trimming and the abrasive particle size of the grinding wheel; the method improves the yield of the single-layer superhard grinding wheel and the form and position precision of the grinding wheel, has low finishing cost and practical and efficient operation, and is a superhard grinding wheel sorting and precise finishing method worthy of great popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
The invention provides a method for precisely trimming a superhard grinding wheel, which is shown in a flow chart of figure 1.
The precise dressing method of the superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
1) preparation work:
collecting relevant information such as abrasive materials, granularity and the like of the superhard grinding wheel to be repaired, and searching the maximum size D of the abrasive particles corresponding to the granularity of the grinding wheel according to the national standard GB/T6406-1996;
setting a target value A of expected radial run-out of the grinding wheel according to the grinding application requirements of the grinding wheel;
and (3) mounting the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed on a corresponding grinding machine, and collecting the roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel by using a displacement sensor.
2) And (3) analysis treatment:
denoising and smoothing the roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel obtained in the step 1), and extracting an initial radial run-out value Y1 of the grinding wheel;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is more than D x 40%, directly eliminating;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is not more than D × 40%, adjusting the eccentricity of the grinding wheel, then measuring the surface roundness curve of the grinding wheel for the second time, and extracting a secondary radial run-out value Y2 of the grinding wheel;
if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is more than D20%, the grinding wheel can be directly used for rough grinding without dressing; and if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is less than or equal to D × 20%, entering the step 3).
3) Micro-trimming:
according to the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed, selecting a proper dressing tool, wherein the total dressing amount is selected from [ Y2-A, Y2], the feeding amount is 1-5 mu m each time, and the feeding amount is reduced in turn during selection.
In this embodiment, the dressing tool is a diamond dressing pen or a point wheel dressing tool. When the inner circle grinding CBN grinding wheel is dressed, the dressing tool adopts a diamond dressing pen to carry out static dressing; when the outer circle and the plane are dressed by a CBN grinding wheel or a diamond grinding wheel, the dressing tool adopts a point wheel dressing tool to carry out dynamic dressing.
4) And (3) quality evaluation:
when the accumulated dressing feed reaches Y2-A, the radial run-out value of the grinding wheel surface is tested and recorded as Y3,
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is less than A, finishing;
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is larger than or equal to A, continuing to the step 3).
5) And (5) stopping the machine.
The following description will be made in detail with an example of a 1a1-400 x 10 x 127mm electroplated diamond grinding wheel.
1) And (5) preparing.
The superhard grinding wheel to be repaired is an electroplated diamond grinding wheel with the granularity of 60/70# and the maximum abrasive particle size D =250 μm corresponding to the diamond granularity 60/70# is searched according to the national standard GB/T6406-1996, wherein the electroplated diamond grinding wheel is 1A1-400 × 10 × 127 mm; setting an expected diameter jump target value A =5 μm according to grinding application requirements of the grinding wheel; the grinding wheel is mounted on a cylindrical grinding machine (M1420), and a roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel is measured by a laser displacement sensor.
2) And (6) analyzing and processing.
Denoising and smoothing the roundness curve of the grinding wheel surface to obtain an initial radial runout value Y1=68.0 μm, D20% =50 μm < Y1 < D40% =100 μm, and the roundness curve of the grinding wheel surface is found to be a single high point and a single low point, which indicates that the grinding wheel abrasive layer is in an obvious eccentric state; adjusting the eccentricity of the grinding wheel, then performing secondary measurement on the surface roundness curve of the grinding wheel, and detecting the secondary radial runout value Y2=45 μm again, wherein the next step 3) is performed for micro-dressing because Y2=45 < 250 × 20% =50 μm.
3) And (4) trimming slightly.
Since the diamond grinding wheel is used for grinding the excircle and the plane, the finishing tool adopts a point wheel finishing tool for dynamic finishing. Trimming by using a D125 x 2mm diamond point wheel trimming tool, wherein the total trimming amount is controlled to be between Y2-A =40 μm and Y2=45 μm, the feeding amount of each time is selected to be 3, 2 and 1 μm, and the trimming is reduced in sequence;
4) and (5) evaluating the quality.
When the accumulated dressing feed amount reaches 40 μm, testing the diameter jump Y3=5.2 μm of the grinding wheel, and not reaching the target value A =5 μm of the expected diameter jump of the grinding wheel surface; and then, the step 3) is carried out again for micro dressing, the dressing is continued according to the minimum feed amount of 1 mu m, the measured radial run-out value Y3 of the grinding wheel surface is 4.3 mu m < A =5 mu m, and the dressing is finished.
5) And (5) stopping the machine.
And observing after stopping the machine, and finding that the surface finishing precision and the appearance of the grinding wheel are good.
The method for precisely trimming the superhard grinding wheel comprises the steps of establishing a precise trimming step of the grinding wheel with single-layer abrasive particles, distinguishing the application range of the grinding wheel and quantifying the relationship between the precise trimming and the abrasive particle size of the grinding wheel; the method improves the yield of the single-layer superhard grinding wheel and the form and position precision of the grinding wheel, has low finishing cost and practical and efficient operation, and is a superhard grinding wheel sorting and precise finishing method worthy of great popularization.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A superhard grinding wheel precision finishing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation work:
collecting related information of the superhard grinding wheel to be repaired, including abrasive materials and granularity, and searching the maximum size D of the abrasive particles corresponding to the granularity of the grinding wheel according to the national standard GB/T6406-1996;
setting a target value A of expected radial run-out of the grinding wheel according to the grinding application requirements of the grinding wheel;
mounting the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed on a corresponding grinding machine, and collecting a roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel by using a displacement sensor;
2) and (3) analysis treatment:
denoising and smoothing the roundness curve of the surface of the grinding wheel obtained in the step 1), and extracting an initial radial run-out value Y1 of the grinding wheel;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is more than D x 40%, directly eliminating;
if the initial radial run-out value Y1 is not more than D × 40%, adjusting the eccentricity of the grinding wheel, then measuring the surface roundness curve of the grinding wheel for the second time, and extracting a secondary radial run-out value Y2 of the grinding wheel;
if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is more than D20%, the grinding wheel can be directly used for rough grinding without dressing; if the secondary radial run-out value Y2 is less than or equal to D × 20%, entering the step 3);
3) micro-trimming:
selecting a proper dressing tool according to the superhard grinding wheel to be dressed, wherein the total dressing amount is selected from [ Y2-A, Y2], the feeding amount is 1-5 mu m each time, and the feeding amount is reduced in sequence;
4) and (3) quality evaluation:
when the accumulated dressing feed reaches Y2-A, the radial run-out value of the grinding wheel surface is tested and recorded as Y3,
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is less than A, finishing;
if the surface radial run-out value Y3 is not less than A, continuing to the step 3);
5) and (5) stopping the machine.
2. A method of truing a superhard grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the finishing tool in the step 3) is a diamond finishing pen or a point wheel finishing tool.
3. A method of truing a superhard grinding wheel according to claim 2, wherein: when the inner circle grinding CBN grinding wheel is dressed, the dressing tool adopts a diamond dressing pen to carry out static dressing;
when the outer circle and the plane are dressed by a CBN grinding wheel or a diamond grinding wheel, the dressing tool adopts a point wheel dressing tool to carry out dynamic dressing.
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| JP3286941B2 (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 2002-05-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Truing method of diamond grinding wheel |
| JP2004174640A (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-06-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Grinding wheel for superfinishing and grinding method |
| CN104990503B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-04-20 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | A kind of grinding wheel cylindrical glitch detection method based on laser displacement sensor |
| CN106002633B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2018-10-23 | 东北大学 | A kind of compound dressing method of Vitrified Bond CBN Grinding Wheel |
| CN107756252B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Grinding wheel dressing method and device based on fluid dynamic pressure driving |
| CN108838890B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2020-07-14 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Diamond grinding wheel dressing method |
| CN108747824B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-04-23 | 湖南大学 | Grinding wheel full-automatic composite finishing integrated control method |
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