CN110178710A - A kind of irrigation rig and irrigation method based on the response of root region soil water stress - Google Patents
A kind of irrigation rig and irrigation method based on the response of root region soil water stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN110178710A CN110178710A CN201910594619.2A CN201910594619A CN110178710A CN 110178710 A CN110178710 A CN 110178710A CN 201910594619 A CN201910594619 A CN 201910594619A CN 110178710 A CN110178710 A CN 110178710A
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- water
- root
- solenoid valve
- pipe
- irrigation
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of irrigation rigs based on the response of root region soil water stress, including water feeding tank, transfer water tank, root to fill pipe, and water feeding tank, transfer water tank, root fill pipe and be in turn connected to form circuit by pipeline, and transfer water tank is also connected with Markov bottle；Water feeding tank, transfer water tank, root fill and are provided with solenoid valve between pipe；Solenoid valve is electrically connected controller；Controller is also connected with several sensors, and sensor is set to root and fills around pipe.In addition, also disclosing a kind of irrigation method of device.The present invention is applied to all kinds of agricultural production conditions in arid area, way of supplying water cooperation uses stage by stage, it ensure that the relatively stable of root zone soil water content, and save most of agricultural irrigation water, prevent the loss of water resource from wasting, the energy consumptions such as electric power are saved, agricultural production input cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural water-saving irrigation equipment technical fields, and in particular to one kind is rung based on root region soil water stress
The irrigation rig answered, the invention further relates to the methods irrigated using the device.
Background technique
In field-crop production process, the metabolism of crop is not only can be improved in appropriate water replenishment, and
And promote the growth of crop, it is the requirement of plant growth volume increase.Especially in arid area, process of crop growth is both needed to very important person
Field soil water replenishment is carried out to irrigate, to meet the normal water requirement of plant growth.Field irrigation till now,
There are many kinds of the forms of irrigation to occur, such as flood irrigation, trickle irrigation, and sprinkling irrigation, microspray irrigation, infiltrating irrigation and root fill etc..The selection master of irrigation form
If by the adjusting of water yield, to meet the needs of Different Crop is to soil moisture.In northern China Arid and semiarid area
Domain, it is overstretched due to agricultural water, while developing field-crop irrigation method, also need the distribution for combining local water resource
Situation.Therefore, according to the water requirement of field crops type, Development of Water-Saving Irrigation technology is current agricultural irrigation scientific development
New direction.
The life cycle of fruit tree kind crop be generally it is perennial, well developed root system and take root it is relatively deep, using flood irrigation or trickle irrigation
Irrigation form, irrigation water utilization efficiency is lower and be easy to cause the excess waste of water resource.It is directed to the need of fruit tree kind crop
Water rule, professional of agriculture mainly take root to fill mode and provide soil moisture for fruit tree, and for drip irrigation, root is filled
Crop root layer top soil can be passed through, moisture is directly sent to crop root layer, is absorbed and utilized for crop root, this is not only mentioned
While high crop is to water use efficiency, the evaporation waste of soil layer surface water resource is decreased.
In actual application, there is also certain drawbacks for existing filling mode.Held by the way that pipeline to be inserted into the soil body
The blocking for easily causing pipe end, exist to blocking pipeline it is difficult in maintenance, cannot achieve that the soil body is wet uniformly, is not able to achieve root
The automation of filling does not consider the problems such as root fills out the wetted area uniformity coefficient flowed in the soil body.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of irrigation rigs based on the response of root region soil water stress, solve existing skill
Present in art under extreme Agricultural Soil Environment, it can not be promptly responded according to fruit tree root layer soil moisture stress and carry out fruit
The problem of tree root layer moisturizing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress, including
Water feeding tank, transfer water tank, root fill pipe, and water feeding tank, transfer water tank, root fill pipe and be in turn connected to form circuit, transfer water by pipeline
Case is also connected with Markov bottle；Water pump and solenoid valve A are provided between water feeding tank and transfer water tank, between Markov bottle and transfer water tank
It is provided with solenoid valve B, transfer water tank and root fill and be provided with solenoid valve C between pipe, and root fills and is provided with electromagnetism between pipe and water feeding tank
Valve D；Solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, solenoid valve C, solenoid valve D, water pump are electrically connected controller；Controller is also connected with several biographies
Sensor, sensor are set to root and fill around pipe；Controller connects power supply.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that:
It is screw type that root, which fills pipe,.
Root, which fills pipe internal switching, multiple energy dissipating blocks.
Root fills and is provided with anti-blocking protective net around pipe water outlet.
Sensor is TDR soil moisture sensor.
The vertical equidistant laying of sensor.
Transfer water tank is provided with pedestal, pedestal it is height-adjustable.
Controller is HE5710.
The invention has the advantages that realizing that root zone of fruit tree 3 D stereo full angle irrigates moisturizing, fruit tree root system pair is improved
Root zone soil water content is maintained in a metastable variation range by the absorption of soil moisture, fruit offerings tree root water uptake
Growth.Anticipation risk ability, easy to operate, stable structure can be improved to root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content real-time monitoring simultaneously.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods that root layer is irrigated.
Another technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of method that root layer is irrigated, by adopting the above technical scheme in
It is a kind of based on root region soil water stress response irrigation rig, be specifically implemented according to the following steps: sensor real-time monitoring
Root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content, transmitting signal to controller, controller controls solenoid valve A, electromagnetism when being lower than given threshold lower limit
Valve C, solenoid valve D, water pump are opened, and root fills in pipeline and carries out irrigation operation full of water；Pipe stability of flow, controller control are filled to root
Solenoid valve A, solenoid valve D, water pump are closed, and opens solenoid valve B, are that root fills pipe water supply by Markov bottle；If being higher than given threshold
Signal is transmitted when lower limit to controller, controller controls solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, solenoid valve C, solenoid valve D, water pump and closes, and stops
Only supply water.
Present invention is characterized in that
The water supply process that root fills pipe is divided into two stages, quickly fills with water accumulation of pipeline using water pump, and generate water flow pressure
The water flow that root fills pipe upper water-out hole is improved, meets the more situation of accumulation root region soil early period infiltration capacity, is formed in pipeline
Circulating water flow；Root region soil infiltration rate keeps relative stability around apopore, after root filling pipe water supply flow also tends towards stability, stops
Sealing water supplying pump process opens Markov bottle and supplies water.Markov bottle and transfer water tank cooperate, and provide static pressure stable water flow supply, with
Root fills pipe water flow and keeps a dynamic equilibrium, continues slowly to carry out irrigation moisturizing to root zone of fruit tree.
A kind of beneficial effect of the irrigation method based on the device is: way of supplying water cooperation uses stage by stage, guarantees
Root zone soil water content it is relatively stable, and save most of agricultural irrigation water, prevent the loss of water resource from wasting.Together
When, most of flow dynamic saves the energy consumptions such as electric power by atm difference and gravity during piped water supply, drops
Low agricultural production input cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of the irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of the energy dissipating block of the irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress of the present invention
Figure.
In figure, 1. water feeding tanks, 2. transfer water tanks, 3. filling pipes, the anti-blocking protective net of 3-1,3-2 energy dissipating block, 4. Markov bottles, 5. water
Pump, 6. solenoid valve A, 7. solenoid valve B, 8. solenoid valve C, 9. solenoid valve D, 10. controllers, 11. sensors.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress of the present invention, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including supplies water
Case 1, transfer water tank 2, root fill pipe 3, and water feeding tank 1, transfer water tank 2, root fill pipe 3 and be in turn connected to form circuit, transfer by pipeline
Water tank 2 is also connected with Markov bottle 4；Water pump 5 and solenoid valve A6 are provided between water feeding tank 1 and transfer water tank 2, Markov bottle 4 is in
Turn to be provided with solenoid valve B7 between water tank 2, transfer water tank 2 and root fill and be provided with solenoid valve C8 between pipe 3, and root fills pipe 3 and supplies water
Solenoid valve D9 is provided between case 1；Solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve B7, solenoid valve C8, solenoid valve D9, water pump 5 are electrically connected control
Device 10；Controller 10 is also connected with several sensors 11, and sensor 11 is set to root and fills around pipe 3；Controller 10 connects power supply.
Root fills pipe 3 as the setting of spiral type, is embedded in around fruit tree root system.As shown in figure 3, be arranged inside it is multiple according to
The energy dissipating block 3-2 of secondary connection, energy dissipating block 3-2 are the structure for being internally provided with circuitous channel, and channel beginning offers multiple water inlets
Hole facilitates pipeline water to enter energy dissipating channel, and channel end is opened up to be formed there are two apopore and be exported.Water outlet periphery is water outlet
Anti-blocking protective net 3-1.It is that root zone of fruit tree soil keeps the skin wet that root zone, which irrigates the apopore mainly opened up by tube wall, energy dissipating
Block 3-2, which is realized, irrigates water outlet shunting energy dissipating, guarantees that irrigation water is flowed out with drops, prevents from destroying root zone because pencil water flow flows out
Soil texture；And the anti-blocking protective net 3-1 that root fills water outlet can prevent soil particle from blocking apopore.
Water feeding tank 1, water pump 2, root, which fill, passes through pipe between pipe 3, transfer water tank 7, solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve C8 and solenoid valve D9
Road connection, connection form the quick water system of root zone of an adjustable pipeline water flow pressure.After device is opened, water pump 5 is
Pipeline water flow inside provides power, and flow rate of water flow increases in pipeline, and water is quickly filled in the pipeline of water system, is formed in pipeline
Portion's water circulation.Simultaneously as the raising of pipeline water flow pressure, the water flow that root fills 3 side wall of pipe increases, and supplements fruit tree rapidly
Root region soil moisture.
Markov bottle 4, transfer water tank 2 and root fill pipe 3 and are connected by pipeline stem, and connection forms a root zone and continues static pressure confession
Water system.Markov bottle 4 plays the role of lasting water supply.After system starts, when the water level in transfer water tank 2 because root zone supplies
When infiltrating and having reduction, the water in Markov bottle 4 flows to transfer water tank 2 under the action of potential energy, stablizes the water in transfer water tank 2
Water in original position, transfer water tank 2 still keeps original water level.Since 2 flow direction median root of transfer water tank fills pipe 3, horse
Water in family name's bottle 4 makes the water level decreasing in Markov bottle 4, at this time the air pressure ratio in Markov bottle 4 supplemented with the water in transfer water tank 2
Atmospheric pressure is small, and outside air will enter Markov bottle 4 by the air inlet on 4 top of Markov bottle to reach new balance；When transfer water
When case 2 continuously fills the water supply of pipe 3 to root, equilibrium process is exactly above-mentioned repetition, reaches the process that static pressure persistently supplies water.
Transfer water tank 2 is set on pedestal, and pedestal is adjustable height.It can be controlled by adjusting the height bracket of bottom
Root fills the head pressure in pipe 3.
Solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve B7, solenoid valve C8, solenoid valve D9, water pump 5, sensor 11 and controller 10 constitute whole
A controlling terminal.Wherein, sensor 15 is TDR soil moisture sensor, and controller 10 is HE5710.It is vertical by root zone of fruit tree
The sensor 11 equidistantly laid carries out the monitoring of root layer soil moisture content, according to fruit tree different growing to the need of soil moisture content
It asks, sets root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content hold in range the 50%~80% of field capacity.When root zone of fruit tree soil water-containing
When amount is unsatisfactory for sets requirement, work order is issued by controller 10, controls corresponding solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve B7, electromagnetism
Valve C8, solenoid valve D9 successively open and close work, supplement root zone soil water content.
It is to copy fruit tree kind Root Distribution contour feature and bury that root, which fills pipe 3,.Fruit tree kind Characteristics of root distribution is generally presented
It is gradually reduced for root density with depth of soil, 3 cloth of pipe is filled according to this characteristic root and is set as spiral type, it is real around fruit tree root system
Existing 3 D stereo full angle irrigates moisturizing, covers entire fruit tree root water uptake area.
The waterworks that root fills pipe 3 include two sets of independent systems, and the pipeline irrigation water for providing power by water pump 5 is quick
Circulator rapid recharge root zone moisture and can fill and irrigate water distribution in pipeline, fill the apopore stability of flow on pipe 3 to root
Afterwards, pipeline irrigation water Rapid Circulation device is closed, opens and is persistently supplied water dress by the root zone that Markov bottle 4 provides constant head pressure
It sets and carries out root zone water supply, two systems are mutually coordinated to be used cooperatively, and realizes efficient water supply process；
Pipeline irrigation water Rapid Circulation device another advantage is that, can use water pump 5 provide power, non-agricultural
Production period carries out the anti-clogging cleaning in pipeline；
The root zone of constant head pressure continues water supply device and carries out static pressure current stabilization supply irrigation water using Markov bottle 4, is not required to
The energy consumptions such as electric power are wanted, agriculture production cost is saved；
Root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content is monitored using sensor 11, laying mode is vertical equidistant laying, be can get
The water content distribution situation of root region soil entirety provides accurate foundation to irrigate moisturizing decision；
The workflow of device is monitoring-calculating-control, by the real-time monitoring of root zone water content, in conjunction with plant growth
Water model is needed, the opening and closing instruction of water supply line is made in time, controls the efficient operation of entire root fill system.
Another technical solution of the present invention is a kind of method that root layer is irrigated, specifically real according to the following steps
Apply: 11 real-time monitoring root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content of sensor, transmitting signal is controlled to controller 10 when being lower than given threshold lower limit
Device processed controls 10 solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve C8, solenoid valve D9, water pump 5 and opens, and root fills in pipe 3 and carries out irrigation operation full of water；
3 stability of flow of pipe is filled to root, controller 10 controls solenoid valve A6, solenoid valve D9, water pump 5 and closes, and opens solenoid valve B7, passes through
Markov bottle 4 is that root fills the water supply of pipe 3；If being higher than transmitting signal to controller 10, controller 10 when given threshold lower limit controls electromagnetism
Valve A6, solenoid valve B7, solenoid valve C8, solenoid valve D9, water pump 5 are closed, and stop supplying water.
The water supply process that root fills pipe 3 is divided into two stages, quickly fills with water accumulation of pipeline using water pump 5, and generate water flow pressure
Power improves the water flow that root fills 3 upper water-out hole of pipe, meets the more situation of accumulation root region soil early period infiltration capacity, meanwhile, pipe
Circulating water flow is formed in road, the chemical sediment in cleanable pipeline prevents pipeline to be discharged hole plug；The root zone around apopore
Soil infiltration rate keeps relative stability, and after root filling 3 water supply flow of pipe also tends towards stability, stops 5 water supply process of water pump, opens geneva
Bottle 4 supplies water.Markov bottle 4 and transfer water tank 2 cooperate, it is possible to provide the stable water flow supply of static pressure fills 4 water flow of pipe with root and keeps
One dynamic equilibrium continues slowly to carry out irrigation moisturizing to root zone of fruit tree.Two water supply stage coordinations are used cooperatively, and ensure that
Root zone soil water content it is relatively stable, and save most of agricultural irrigation water, prevent the loss of water resource from wasting.Together
When, most of flow dynamic saves the energy consumptions such as electric power by atm difference and gravity during piped water supply, drops
Low agricultural production input cost.
The present invention includes that the root of root zone of fruit tree fills pipe 3, and what is be attached thereto is that (pipeline irrigation water quickly follows two groups of waterworks
Loop device, constant head pressure root zone continue water supply device), and by sensor 11 measure root region soil moisture content control
The maincenter controlling terminal of single unit system opening and closing processed.It is to copy fruit tree kind Root Distribution contour feature and lay that root, which fills pipe 3,.For fruit tree
Root zone realizes that 3 D stereo full angle irrigates moisturizing, improves absorption of the fruit tree root system to soil moisture.By 5 pumping irrigation of water pump and
Both 4 static pressure water conveyance irrigations of Markov bottle cooperation uses, and irrigates and uses pumping for water pump early period, improves root and fills the water outlet of 3 tube wall of pipe
The water flow in hole is accelerated root region soil and is infiltrated；It infiltrates after stablizing, the switching progress static pressure of Markov bottle 4, which is stablized, persistently to supply water, by root
Area's soil moisture content is maintained in a metastable variation range, the growth of fruit offerings tree root water uptake.In addition, using TDR soil
Earth moisture transducer improves anticipation risk ability to root zone of fruit tree soil moisture content real-time monitoring, is realized using maincenter control whole
The efficient operation of a device.And the root layer irrigation rig has many advantages, such as easy to operate, stable structure.
It can be applied to all kinds of agricultural production conditions in arid area using the root-irrigation method of the device, way of supplying water is assisted stage by stage
Tune is used cooperatively, and ensure that the relatively stable of root zone soil water content, and saves most of agricultural irrigation water, prevents water from providing
The loss in source wastes.Meanwhile most of flow dynamic saves electricity by atm difference and gravity during piped water supply
The energy consumptions such as power reduce agricultural production input cost.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress, which is characterized in that including water feeding tank (1), transfer water
Case (2), root fill pipe (3), and the water feeding tank (1), transfer water tank (2), root fill pipe (3) and be in turn connected to form circuit by pipeline,
The transfer water tank (2) is also connected with Markov bottle (4)；Water pump (5) are provided between the water feeding tank (1) and transfer water tank (2)
With solenoid valve A (6), be provided with solenoid valve B (7) between the Markov bottle (4) and transfer water tank (2), the transfer water tank (2) with
Root fills to be provided with solenoid valve C (8) between pipe (3), is provided with solenoid valve D (9) between described filling pipe (3) and water feeding tank (1)；Institute
It states solenoid valve A (6), solenoid valve B (7), solenoid valve C (8), solenoid valve D (9), water pump (5) and is electrically connected controller (10)；Institute
It states controller (10) to be also connected with several sensors (11), the sensor setting (11) fills around pipe (3) in root；The control
Device (10) connects power supply.
2. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating root and filling pipe (3) is screw type.
3. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the internal switching that root fills pipe (3) has multiple energy dissipating blocks (3-2).
4. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
That states energy dissipating block (3-2) is internally provided with circuitous channel.
5. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states root filling pipe (3) water outlet and is provided with anti-blocking protective net.
6. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating sensor (11) is TDR soil moisture sensor.
7. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State the vertical equidistant laying of sensor (11).
8. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State transfer water tank (2) and be provided with pedestal, the pedestal it is height-adjustable.
9. a kind of irrigation rig based on the response of root region soil water stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating controller (11) is HE5710.
10. a kind of method that root layer is irrigated, which is characterized in that using described in claim 1 a kind of based on root region soil moisture
The irrigation rig of stress response, is specifically implemented according to the following steps: sensor (11) the real-time monitoring root zone of fruit tree soil contains
Water, transmitting signal to controller (10), the controller (10) control solenoid valve A (6), electromagnetism when being lower than given threshold lower limit
Valve C (8), solenoid valve D (9), water pump (5) are opened, and carry out irrigation operation full of water in described filling pipe (3) road；Pipe (3) is filled to root
Stability of flow, controller (11) control solenoid valve A (6), solenoid valve D (9), water pump (5) are closed, and opens solenoid valve B
It (7), is that root fills pipe (3) water supply by Markov bottle (4)；Signal is transmitted when if being higher than given threshold lower limit to controller (10), institute
Controller (10) control solenoid valve A (6), solenoid valve B (7), solenoid valve C (8), solenoid valve D (9), water pump (5) closing are stated, is stopped
It supplies water.
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| CN201910594619.2A CN110178710A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | A kind of irrigation rig and irrigation method based on the response of root region soil water stress |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114532197A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-27 | 广州大学 | Vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and drip irrigation method |
| CN114568270A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-03 | 广州大学 | Irrigation method of alternative irrigation system for near-far root zone |
| CN114651582A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-24 | 广州大学 | Alternate irrigation method for water, fertilizer and gas root-divided areas |
| CN114885765A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-12 | 广州大学 | Root-promoting seedling-reviving planting method and drip irrigation method based on fuzzy control |
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