CN114532197A - Vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and drip irrigation method - Google Patents
Vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and drip irrigation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532197A CN114532197A CN202210307680.6A CN202210307680A CN114532197A CN 114532197 A CN114532197 A CN 114532197A CN 202210307680 A CN202210307680 A CN 202210307680A CN 114532197 A CN114532197 A CN 114532197A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention provides a vortex-shaped line type water-fertilizer-gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation method, and the structure of the device comprises a water inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, a vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe and a vortex-shaped line type air pipe, wherein the front end of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe through a filter, the front end of the vortex-shaped line type air pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, the vortex-shaped line type air pipe and the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe are arranged in parallel, and the vortex-shaped line type air pipe and the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe are fixedly connected; the vortex-type air pipe and the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe are in the shape of taking equidistant vortex-type lines as pipeline tracks, a plurality of drip irrigation holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe, a plurality of air holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-type air pipe, drip irrigation devices are fixed on the drip irrigation holes, and the drip irrigation devices are respectively connected with the drip irrigation holes and the air holes. The invention carries out efficient coupling water, fertilizer and gas integrated irrigation through the drip irrigation system, solves the problem of oxygen deficiency of the root system, improves the soil environment of the root area, realizes the optimization of the soil environment of the root area and promotes the growth and development of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation equipment, in particular to a vortex-shaped linear type water-fertilizer-gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation method.
Background
The underground drip irrigation is an efficient water-saving irrigation technology, the underground drip irrigation device is buried underground, irrigation water and fertilizer can be directly delivered to a crop root zone, surface evaporation and deep leakage are effectively reduced, and the utilization rate of water is improved. However, as the capillary or the dripper is directly buried in the soil, the water outlet is easy to be blocked, so that the popularization and the application of the capillary or the dripper are limited to a certain extent.
Water, fertilizer, gas and heat are indispensable factors in the growth and development process of crops, and each of the factors plays a specific role in plant growth. The proper gas content and components of the soil in the root zone of the crops are very important for the growth of the crops, and the oxygen deficiency of the root zone can weaken the respiration of the root system, influence the transportation of water and nutrient substances and inhibit the growth of the crops. Therefore, the improvement of the soil gas environment in the root zone of the crops is very important for the growth of the crops. Under the basis of water and fertilizer irrigation, the problem of oxygen deficiency of a root system which can be solved by air-entrapping irrigation is solved, the soil environment of a root zone is improved, the optimization of the soil environment of the root zone is realized, the growth and development of plants are promoted, the yield and the quality of crops are improved, the soil can be improved, and the productivity of the soil is improved.
With the development and popularization of the drip irrigation technology, the drip irrigation system can be used for integrally conveying water, fertilizer, pesticide, gas and heat to the root area of the plant, so that the water-gas environment of the root soil is improved, the growth of crops is promoted, and the effects of saving water and increasing yield are achieved. But the facility that can be used for water, fertilizer and gas integration drip irrigation is comparatively lacked at present. In addition, the pipe network of the current drip irrigation water and fertilizer gas integrated system is in a branch shape, for a crop, the problems of insufficient uniformity and poor pertinence of irrigation, fertilization and gas filling exist, and the uniformity is not only reflected in the time domain but also in the space. In the time domain, the traditional regular drip irrigation is difficult to carry out efficient and accurate irrigation according to the actual needs of crops, has the condition of hunger, one time, and one time, is not beneficial to the normal growth of the crops, and has low utilization rate of irrigation water and poor time uniformity. Spatially, the problem of uneven water and fertilizer spatial distribution is easily caused by traditional single-point irrigation, and the targeted irrigation on different root areas of crops is difficult to carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vortex-shaped linear type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation method.
According to one object of the invention, the invention provides a vortex-type water-fertilizer-gas integrated underground drip irrigation device which comprises a water inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, a vortex-type drip irrigation pipe and a vortex-type air pipe, wherein the front end of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe through a filter, and the tail end of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe is closed; the front end of the vortex-shaped air pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, the tail end of the vortex-shaped air pipe is closed, the vortex-shaped air pipe is arranged in parallel with the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe, and the vortex-shaped air pipe is fixedly connected with the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe;
the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe is characterized in that the vortex-shaped line type air pipe and the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe are in the shape of equidistant vortex-shaped lines serving as pipeline tracks, a plurality of drip irrigation holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, a plurality of air holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, drip irrigation devices are fixed to the drip irrigation holes, and the drip irrigation devices are respectively connected with the drip irrigation holes and the air holes.
Furthermore, the tail end of the vortex type drip irrigation pipe is sealed through a sealing water gap plug, and the tail end of the vortex type air pipe is sealed through a sealing air port plug.
Further, the pipe wall of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall and the outer wall are of an integral structure, and a hydrophilic protective film is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall.
Further, the pipeline track of vortex-shaped linear air pipe is parallel to and equidistant from the pipeline track of the vortex-shaped linear drip irrigation pipe, and the vortex-shaped linear air pipe is fixedly connected to the right above the vortex-shaped linear drip irrigation pipe.
Furthermore, the number of the air holes is the same as that of the drip irrigation holes, and the air holes and the drip irrigation holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Furthermore, a pressure air guide valve is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the front end of the water inlet pipe, the pressure air guide valve comprises a pressure air valve, an air inlet of the pressure air guide valve is connected with an air outlet on the side edge of the air inlet pipe, and an air outlet of the pressure air guide valve is connected with an air inlet on the side wall of the water inlet pipe.
Further, the water inlet pipe is connected with the water and fertilizer integrated machine, and the air inlet pipe is connected with the micro-nano bubble generator.
Further, the drip irrigation emitter comprises a flow control valve and a soil probe, the flow control valve is connected with the drip irrigation hole, the top of the flow control valve is connected with an air guide pipe, the air guide pipe is connected with the air hole, the flow control valve is connected with a water dropper through a capillary, a water outlet end of the water dropper is provided with a dropping arrow, the soil probe is fixed to the bottom of the flow control valve, and the soil probe is connected with the control module.
Further, the water outlet arrow of the drop arrow is a single-head arrow, a double-head arrow or a four-head arrow.
According to another object of the invention, the invention provides a vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing water and fertilizer liquid required by the water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine; the micro-nano bubble generator works, and the pressurization gas pump pressurizes gas, so that the pressure of the gas is higher than the working threshold of the pressure gas guide valve;
s2, enabling the liquid manure to enter a water inlet pipe and then flow to a filter, and enabling the gas to enter an air inlet pipe; the pressure gas guide valve is opened, part of gas flows to the water inlet pipe from the pressure gas guide valve, and water fertilizer liquid is dissolved to play a role in stirring;
s3, water, fertilizer and gas enter the vortex drip irrigation pipe from the water inlet pipe, and gas enters the vortex gas pipe from the gas inlet pipe;
s4, allowing the liquid manure gas to flow to each drip irrigation hole of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, and allowing the gas to flow to each air hole of the vortex-shaped line type air pipe;
s5, allowing the water, fertilizer and air to flow to the corresponding drip irrigation emitters from the drip irrigation holes, allowing the water, fertilizer and air to flow to the drippers through capillary tubes, and allowing the water, fertilizer and air to uniformly flow out of the drippers to soil near the root systems; the gas flows to the dripper through the capillary and finally flows out from the dripper to be diffused into the soil near the root system.
According to the technical scheme, the efficient coupling water, fertilizer and gas integrated irrigation is carried out through the drip irrigation system, the problem of oxygen deficiency of the root system is solved, the soil environment of the root area is improved, the optimization of the soil environment of the root area is realized, and the growth and development of plants are promoted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the drip irrigation emitter according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a water inlet pipe; 2. a filter; 3. a vortex drip irrigation pipe; 4. a drip irrigation emitter; 5. air holes; 6. drip irrigation holes; 7. a pressure gas guide valve; 8. an air inlet pipe; 9. a swirl-type gas pipe; 10. sealing the water gap plug; 11. sealing the air port plug; 12. a capillary; 13. a dripper; 14. dropping arrows; 15. an air duct; 16. a flow control valve; 17. a soil probe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 2 of the drawings,
the utility model provides a device is driped irrigation in integration underground of vortex form line formula water, fertilizer and gas, includes that inlet tube 1, intake pipe 5, vortex form line drip irrigation pipe 3 and vortex form line formula trachea 9, and inlet tube 1 is connected with water and fertilizer integration machine, and intake pipe 8 is connected with micro-nano bubble generator. A pressure air guide valve 7 is arranged between the air inlet pipe 8 and the front end of the water inlet pipe 1, the pressure air guide valve 7 comprises a pressure air valve, an air inlet of the pressure air guide valve 7 is connected with an air outlet of the side edge of the air inlet pipe 8, and an air outlet of the pressure air guide valve 7 is connected with an air inlet on the side wall of the water inlet pipe 1.
The pipe wall of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 comprises an inner wall and an outer wall which are of an integral structure, and a layer of hydrophilic protective film is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall. The front end of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 is connected with the water inlet pipe 1 through the filter 2, and the tail end of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 is sealed and sealed through the sealing water gap plug 10.
The front end of the vortex-shaped air pipe 9 is connected with the air inlet pipe 8, the tail end of the vortex-shaped air pipe 9 is sealed and sealed by a sealing air port plug 11, the vortex-shaped air pipe 9 and the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 are arranged in parallel, and the vortex-shaped air pipe 9 is fixedly connected with the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3;
the vortex-type air tube 9 and the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3 are shaped such that equidistant vortex-type lines are used as the pipeline track, the pipeline track of the vortex-type air tube 9 is parallel to and equidistant from the pipeline track of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3, and the vortex-type air tube 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3.
Be equipped with a plurality of driping irrigation holes 6 on the lateral wall of pipe 3 is driped irrigation to vortex form line formula, be equipped with a plurality of gas pockets 5 on the lateral wall of vortex form line formula trachea 9, the quantity of gas pocket 5 is the same with the quantity of driping irrigation hole 6, and gas pocket 5 and the one-to-one setting of driping irrigation hole 6. Drip irrigation holes 6 are fixed with drip irrigation emitters 4, and the drip irrigation emitters 4 are respectively connected with the drip irrigation holes 6 and the air holes 5.
The drip irrigation emitter 4 comprises a flow control valve 16 and a soil probe 17, the flow control valve 16 is connected with a drip irrigation hole 6, the top of the flow control valve 16 is connected with an air guide pipe 15, the air guide pipe 15 is connected with an air hole 5, the flow control valve 16 is connected with a water dropper 13 through a capillary 12, a water outlet end of the water dropper 13 is provided with a water dropping arrow 14, and a water outlet arrow of the water dropping arrow 14 is a single-head arrow or a double-head arrow or a four-head arrow. The soil probe 17 is fixed at the bottom of the flow control valve 16, and the soil probe 16 is connected with the control module.
The water inlet of the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the water and fertilizer integrated machine, the water outlet is connected with the filter 2, and the air inlet hole on the side wall of the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the pressure air guide valve 7. The water inlet pipe 1 is used for conveying the liquid manure of the liquid manure integration machine to the filter 2; and the micro-nano bubbles in the air inlet pipe 8 are conveyed into the water inlet pipe 1 through the pressure air guide valve 7, so that part of air is dissolved into the water and fertilizer liquid, the water and fertilizer liquid is further mixed, and the water and fertilizer liquid is prevented from precipitating in pipeline transportation. The water and fertilizer integrated machine adopted by the invention has the function of providing water and fertilizer liquid required by crops for the device.
The water inlet of the filter is connected with the water inlet pipe 1, and the water outlet of the filter 2 is connected with the water inlet of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3. The function of the filter is to further filter out impurities and precipitates in the water and fertilizer liquid.
The water inlet of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 is connected with the water outlet of the filter 2, and the sealing water gap is positioned at the tail end and is blocked and sealed by the sealing water gap plug 10. The sealing water gap plug 10 has a sealing function when the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 works, and can be detached when the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 is maintained clean, so that high-pressure water flows out of the sealing water gap after the inner wall of the pipeline of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe is cleaned by high-pressure water flow.
The inner diameter of the spiral drip irrigation pipe 3 is designed and selected according to the drip irrigation flow requirement of the crops to be irrigated. The body of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 consists of an inner wall and an outer wall, and the inner wall is as smooth as possible, so that the generation of precipitates is prevented, and the blockage is avoided; the outer wall is surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic protective film which is used for protecting the tube body and keeping the drip irrigation liquid manure around the tube body for a longer time so as to reduce the penetration rate of the liquid manure in the soil. A vortex air pipe 9 is fixedly connected right above the vortex drip irrigation pipe 3. The pipe body of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of drip irrigation holes 6, the characteristics of the drip irrigation holes 6 comprise the number, the size and the positions of the holes, the number and the distribution positions of the holes are designed according to the root system growth characteristics (including, root system distribution characteristics, root system density, root length density, root system growth speed and the like) of crop roots, and the sizes of the holes are selected according to drip irrigation flow requirements, the root system density and the like. The drip irrigation hole 6 is connected with the water inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4, and transports the water and fertilizer liquid of the vortex line type drip irrigation pipe 3 to the drip irrigation emitter 4.
The pipeline shape of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3 takes equidistant vortex-type lines as the pipeline track; the equidistant vortex line is characterized by comprising the radius of a base circle, the pitch and the number of turns of the vortex line. The pitch and the number of turns of the vortex line are designed and selected according to the growth characteristics of crop roots, nutrient demand characteristics and the like, the radius of the base circle of the vortex line is designed according to the size of a seedling root disc, and the base circle is required to be larger than the seedling root disc.
The air inlet of the vortex-shaped wire type air pipe 9 is connected with the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 8, and the tail end of the sealing air port is blocked and sealed by a sealing air port plug 11. The inner diameter of the spiral air pipe 9 is designed and selected according to the requirements of the air quantity and the air pressure required by crops to be irrigated. The pipeline track of the vortex-type air pipe 9 is parallel to and equidistant from the pipeline track of the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3, and the pipe is fixedly connected right above the vortex-type drip irrigation pipe 3. A plurality of air holes 5 are formed in the body of the vortex-shaped air pipe 9, the characteristics of the air holes 5 comprise the number, the size and the positions of the holes, the number and the distribution positions of the air holes are determined by the drip irrigation holes 6, namely, the corresponding air holes 5 are formed right above each drip irrigation hole 6, and the sizes of the holes are selected according to the amount of air, the air pressure and the like required by irrigated crops. The air hole 5 is connected with an air inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4, and transports the air of the vortex line type air pipe 9 to the drip irrigation emitter 4.
The air inlet of the pressure air guide valve 7 is connected with the air outlet at the side edge of the air inlet pipe 8, the air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the water inlet pipe 1, and the pressure air valve of the pressure air guide valve 7 can be opened in one direction when the air at the air inlet reaches a certain pressure, so that the air enters the water inlet pipe 1, and the water and fertilizer liquid of the water inlet pipe is prevented from flowing back to enter the air inlet pipe 8.
The air inlet of the air inlet pipe 8 is connected with the micro-nano bubble generator, the side air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the pressure air guide valve 7, and the air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the vortex-shaped linear air pipe 9.
The drip irrigation emitter 4 is provided with one drip irrigation emitter 4 corresponding to each group of air holes and drip irrigation holes, only one drip irrigation emitter 4 is shown in figure 1, the air inlet of the air guide pipe of the drip irrigation emitter 4 is connected with the air holes 5, and the air outlet of the air guide pipe is connected with the air inlet of the flow control valve 16. The capillary 12 is connected with a dripper 13, and finally water, fertilizer and air are sent to a crop root area. The water outlet of the dripper 13 is connected with the water inlet of the dripping arrow 14 for drip irrigation. The water inlet of the drip arrow 14 is connected with the water outlet of the drip head 13, and the water outlet arrow selects a single-headed arrow, a double-headed arrow and a four-headed arrow according to the root characteristics, and has the function of uniformly and stably delivering the liquid manure to the root area.
The soil probe 17 is connected with a control module of the valve device, can collect soil information such as soil temperature and humidity, pH value and the like, and feeds back the information to the intelligent control system through wireless transmission.
The flow control valve 16 is connected with the drip irrigation hole 6, so that the water and fertilizer liquid enters the flow control valve 16 and flows to the drippers 13 from the flow control valve 16 through the water outlet capillary 12; the gas inlet of the flow control valve 16 is connected with the gas outlet of the gas guide tube 15, so that gas enters the gas inlet of the flow control valve 16, and then enters the dripper 13.
The flow control valve 16 is composed of a water valve, an air valve and a control module. When the water-fertilizer dropping head works, water-fertilizer liquid or water-fertilizer gas flows from the water inlet to the water outlet through the water valve, gas flows from the gas inlet to the water outlet through the gas valve, and the water-fertilizer liquid or the water-fertilizer gas flows from the water outlet to the dropping head 13 through the capillary 12. The control module can receive a control signal of the intelligent control system so as to execute irrigation decision. The irrigation control device is characterized in that whether water, fertilizer and gas are irrigated or not is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of a valve, the flow rate of drip irrigation is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the switch, and the duration of drip irrigation is controlled by controlling the opening and closing time of the switch.
The single drip irrigation emitter 4 can realize the flexible switching of four drip irrigation schemes of water, gas, water fertilizer liquid and water fertilizer gas. Therefore, by controlling all the drip irrigation emitters of the device to carry out multi-point drip irrigation, the water and fertilizer air regulation control of different sites of soil can be realized, so that the drip irrigation is more efficient and flexible and meets the nutritional requirements of crops. It is worth mentioning that after the drip irrigation is finished, the gas with the same pressure intensity is introduced into the dripper 13, so that the soil environment (such as permeability) can be improved, and the dripper can be prevented from being blocked by soil or root systems.
As shown in figure 3 of the drawings,
a vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation method has four irrigation modes, can realize efficient coupled water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground irrigation, creates a soil environment suitable for growth of crops, and can flexibly switch the irrigation modes according to the needs of the crops in one day to carry out reasonable and scientific irrigation work. In addition, the aerated irrigation device can clean the drippers, has a certain root-expelling effect, and effectively prevents the drippers from being blocked.
(1) And (3) clear water irrigation mode:
controlling the water-fertilizer ratio of the water-fertilizer liquid integrated machine to be 1: 0; the water solenoid valve is opened and the gas solenoid valve is closed. At the moment, only clear water of the water-fertilizer-liquid integrated machine flows to the device through the electromagnetic valve for water. The method comprises the following specific steps:
under the control of the intelligent control system, the water-fertilizer-liquid integrated machine does not prepare water-fertilizer liquid and outputs clear water;
the water electromagnetic valve is opened, under the action of gravity, clear water flows to the water inlet pipe 1 from the water electromagnetic valve and then flows to the filter 2, and impurities are further filtered; the clean water flows to the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3; the clean water flows to each drip irrigation hole 6 of the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3; clear water flows to the corresponding drip irrigation emitters 4 from the drip irrigation holes 6; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: clear water enters from a water inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4 and flows to a water valve of the flow control valve 16, and at the moment, the intelligent control system controls the drip irrigation time and the drip irrigation flow by controlling the opening degree and the opening time of the water valve; clear water flows from the water valve to the capillary 12; the clear water flows to the dripper; the clean water flows to the drop arrow, and the clean water uniformly flows out from the arrow of the drop arrow to the soil near the root system; clear water permeates in soil, and finally part of clear water is absorbed by nearby root systems, and part of clear water permeates downwards and is absorbed or lost by other root systems. After a period of time, irrigation is complete. Each switching value is reset and is consistent with that before irrigation.
(2) And (3) a water and fertilizer liquid irrigation mode:
according to the irrigation requirement, water and fertilizer liquid required by a water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine preparation object; the water solenoid valve is opened and the gas solenoid valve is closed. At the moment, only the water and fertilizer liquid of the water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine passes through the electromagnetic valve for water to flow value. The mode is to change the clear water of the clear water irrigation mode into the water fertilizer liquid, and other processes are consistent.
(3) Gas irrigation mode:
the micro-nano bubble generator works, the pressurizing air pump pressurizes air, but the air pressure is lower than the working threshold of the pressure type air valve, at the moment, the water electromagnetic valve is closed, the air electromagnetic valve is opened, and only the air flows to the device through the air electromagnetic valve. The method comprises the following specific steps:
under the control of the intelligent control system, the micro-nano bubble generator works to convert gas in the gas tank into micro-nano bubbles to be output, and the gas has certain pressure intensity under the pressurization of the pressurization gas pump and is lower than the working threshold value of the pressure type gas valve.
The gas electromagnetic valve is opened, and the gas flows to the gas inlet pipe 8 through the gas electromagnetic valve; the gas flows to the swirl gas pipe 9; the gas flows to each gas hole 5 of the vortex gas pipe 9; the air flows from each air hole 5 to the corresponding drip irrigation emitter 4 through the air guide pipe 15; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: gas enters from the gas inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4 and flows to the gas valve of the flow control valve 16, and at the moment, the intelligent control system regulates the gas pressure and the ventilation time by controlling the opening degree and the opening time of the gas valve; gas flows from the gas valve to the capillary 12; the gas flows to the dripper; the gas flows to the drop arrow, and the gas diffuses to the soil near the root system from the arrow of the drop arrow, and the gas diffuses in the soil, so that the soil environment (such as soil permeability) is improved, and the problems of root system oxygen deficiency and the like are solved. Because the gas has certain pressure, impurities or soil on the dripper or the dripper arrow can be blown away, and the gas also has certain root-expelling effect, so that the dripper and the dripper arrow can be effectively prevented from being blocked; if the gas has a certain temperature, the ventilation also has the functions of heat preservation and cold resistance, and after a period of time, the irrigation is finished. Each switching value is reset and is consistent with that before irrigation.
(4) Water, fertilizer and gas irrigation mode:
according to the irrigation requirement, water and fertilizer liquid required by a water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine preparation object; the micro-nano bubble generator works, the pressurizing air pump pressurizes air, the pressure of the air is higher than the working threshold of the pressure type air valve, at the moment, the electromagnetic valve for water is opened, the electromagnetic valve for air is opened, and water fertilizer liquid and the air enter the device simultaneously.
Under the control of the intelligent control system, the liquid manure liquid integration machine works, liquid manure liquid suitable for crop growth is output, the micro-nano bubble generator works, gas in the gas tank is converted into micro-nano bubbles to be output, and the gas has certain pressure intensity under the pressurization of the pressurization gas pump and is higher than the working threshold value of the pressure type gas valve.
The water electromagnetic valve is opened, under the action of gravity, water, fertilizer and gas flow to the water inlet pipe 1 from the water electromagnetic valve and then flow to the filter 2, and impurities are further filtered; the gas electromagnetic valve is opened, and the gas flows to the gas inlet pipe 8 through the gas electromagnetic valve; under the effect of high pressure, pressure air guide valve 7 is opened, and partial gas flows to inlet tube 1 from pressure air guide valve 7, dissolves liquid manure, because gas has certain pressure, can play the stirring effect, makes the liquid manure further mix, has reduced liquid manure because the deposit that long pipeline transportation brought, has reduced the waste of fertilizer, also makes the dripper more difficult the jam. The water and fertilizer air flows to the vortex-shaped drip irrigation pipe 3; part of the gas flows from the gas inlet pipe to the vortex gas pipe 9; the liquid manure flows to each drip irrigation hole 6 of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe 3); the gas flows to each gas hole 5 of the vortex gas pipe 9; the water fertilizer gas flows to the corresponding drip irrigation emitters 4 from the drip irrigation holes 6; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: water, fertilizer and gas enter from a water inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4 and flow to a water valve of the flow control valve 16, and at the moment, the intelligent control system controls the drip irrigation time and the drip irrigation flow by controlling the opening degree and the opening time of the water valve; the water, fertilizer and gas flow to the capillary 12 from the water valve; the water and the fertilizer flow to the dripper; and (4) flowing the water fertilizer gas to the drop arrow. The air flows from each air hole to the corresponding drip irrigation emitter 4 through the air guide pipe 15; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: gas enters from the air inlet of the drip irrigation emitter 4 and flows to the gas valve of the flow control valve 16, and at the moment, the gas valve is not opened, and the gas stops in front of the gas valve. Water fertilizer gas uniformly flows out from the arrow of the drop arrow to the soil near the root system; the water, fertilizer and gas permeate in the soil, and finally part of the water, fertilizer and gas is absorbed by the nearby root systems, and part of the water, fertilizer and gas permeates downwards and is absorbed or lost by other root systems. And some undissolved gas begins to diffuse. And after a period of time, finishing the irrigation of water, fertilizer and gas. Each switching value is reset and is consistent with that before irrigation.
The intelligent control system controls an air valve of the flow control valve to be opened; the gas with pressure in the spiral gas pipe flows to the capillary 12 from the gas valve and then flows to the dripper; the gas flows to the drip arrow. Diffusing from the arrow of the drop arrow into the soil near the root system; at the moment, the gas cleans the drippers and the drippers, and simultaneously, a small amount of gas is diffused in the soil, so that the soil environment (such as soil permeability) is improved, and the problems of oxygen deficiency of the root system and the like are solved. After a period of time, the gas pressure difference in the vortex gas pipe (9) is consumed. And closing the air valve of the flow control valve and ending the irrigation.
The device disclosed by the invention is innovative in that adjustable water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation can be realized, so that the water, fertilizer, gas and heat generate a coupling effect, the problem of root system hypoxia is solved, a proper soil environment is created for crops, and the growth and development of plants are promoted.
The device has four irrigation modes of clear water irrigation, liquid fertilizer irrigation, air-entrapping irrigation and liquid fertilizer and air integrated irrigation, can be flexibly switched according to the needs of crops in one day, and can perform reasonable and scientific irrigation work.
The dripper of the device has the advantage of being not easy to block. When the drip irrigation device is used for drip irrigation, micro-nano bubbles with certain pressure intensity are introduced into the water inlet pipe 1, so that water and fertilizer can be further uniformly mixed, water and fertilizer precipitation caused by long-pipeline transportation is reduced, and a dripper is not easy to block. Furthermore, because the water and fertilizer liquid and the gas use the same dripper for alternate irrigation, the gas irrigation with certain pressure can clean the dripper, and has certain root driving effect, so that the dripper is further prevented from being blocked.
Description of other supporting facilities of the invention:
the liquid manure integration machine provided by the embodiment can provide liquid manure with different proportions according to irrigation requirements under the control of an intelligent control system, and is worth mentioning that when the proportion of the liquid manure is 1:0, the liquid manure integration machine provides tap water for crops, and the liquid manure integration machine has a height of about 1 meter from the ground, so that the liquid manure has certain pressure.
The gas tank stores gas required by gas irrigation; the micro-nano bubble generator can convert gas in the gas tank into micro-nano bubbles. The pressurizing air pump can pressurize the irrigation gas and can adjust the pressure of the output gas.
The intelligent control system comprises: the switch of the electromagnetic valve for controlling water controls the supply of water and water fertilizer liquid; controlling the on-off of the gas electromagnetic valve to control the supply of gas; receiving a detection signal of the soil probe of the device, and acquiring soil information (such as temperature, humidity, pH value and the like); and (4) making a soil water and fertilizer air-conditioning control strategy according to the soil information and the crop growth characteristics, and sending out an execution signal.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device is characterized by comprising a water inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, a vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe and a vortex-shaped line type air pipe, wherein the front end of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe is connected with the water inlet pipe through a filter, and the tail end of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe is closed; the front end of the vortex-shaped linear air pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, the tail end of the vortex-shaped linear air pipe is closed, the vortex-shaped linear air pipe is arranged in parallel with the vortex-shaped linear drip irrigation pipe, and the vortex-shaped linear air pipe is fixedly connected with the vortex-shaped linear drip irrigation pipe;
the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe is characterized in that the vortex-shaped line type air pipe and the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe are in the shape of equidistant vortex-shaped lines serving as pipeline tracks, a plurality of drip irrigation holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, a plurality of air holes are formed in the side wall of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, drip irrigation devices are fixed to the drip irrigation holes, and the drip irrigation devices are respectively connected with the drip irrigation holes and the air holes.
2. The vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the end of the vortex line type drip irrigation pipe is sealed by a sealing water inlet plug, and the end of the vortex line type gas pipe is sealed by a sealing gas inlet plug.
3. The vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the vortex line type drip irrigation pipe comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall and the outer wall are of an integrated structure, and a hydrophilic protective film is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall.
4. The vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the pipeline track of the vortex line type air pipe is parallel to and equidistant from the pipeline track of the vortex line type drip irrigation pipe, and the vortex line type air pipe is fixedly connected to the position right above the vortex line type drip irrigation pipe.
5. The vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the air holes is the same as the number of the drip irrigation holes, and the air holes and the drip irrigation holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
6. The vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein a pressure air guide valve is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the front end of the water inlet pipe, the pressure air guide valve comprises a pressure air valve, an air inlet of the pressure air guide valve is connected with an air outlet on the side edge of the air inlet pipe, and an air outlet of the pressure air guide valve is connected with an air inlet on the side wall of the water inlet pipe.
7. The vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet pipe is connected with a water and fertilizer integrated machine, and the air inlet pipe is connected with a micro-nano bubble generator.
8. The vortex-shaped line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein the drip irrigation emitter comprises a flow control valve and a soil probe, the flow control valve is connected with the drip irrigation hole, the top of the flow control valve is connected with a gas guide pipe, the gas guide pipe is connected with the gas hole, the flow control valve is connected with a water dropper through a capillary, a water outlet end of the water dropper is provided with a drip arrow, the soil probe is fixed at the bottom of the flow control valve, and the soil probe is connected with a control module.
9. The vortex-type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation device according to claim 8, wherein the water outlet arrow of the drip arrow is a single-headed arrow or a double-headed arrow or a four-headed arrow.
10. A vortex line type water, fertilizer and gas integrated underground drip irrigation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing water and fertilizer liquid required by the water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine; the micro-nano bubble generator works, and the pressurization gas pump pressurizes gas, so that the pressure of the gas is higher than the working threshold of the pressure gas guide valve;
s2, enabling the liquid manure to enter a water inlet pipe and then flow to a filter, and enabling the gas to enter an air inlet pipe; the pressure gas guide valve is opened, part of gas flows to the water inlet pipe from the pressure gas guide valve, and water fertilizer liquid is dissolved to play a role in stirring;
s3, water, fertilizer and gas enter the vortex drip irrigation pipe from the water inlet pipe, and gas enters the vortex gas pipe from the gas inlet pipe;
s4, allowing the liquid manure gas to flow to each drip irrigation hole of the vortex-shaped line type drip irrigation pipe, and allowing the gas to flow to each air hole of the vortex-shaped line type air pipe;
s5, allowing the water, fertilizer and air to flow to the corresponding drip irrigation devices from the drip irrigation holes, allowing the water, fertilizer and air to flow to the drippers through capillary tubes, and allowing the water, fertilizer and air to uniformly flow out of the drippers and reach the soil near the root system; the gas flows to the dripper through the capillary and finally flows out from the dripper to be diffused into the soil near the root system.
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