CN110157447A - A kind of dust storm soil conditioner and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of dust storm soil conditioner and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110157447A CN110157447A CN201910427472.8A CN201910427472A CN110157447A CN 110157447 A CN110157447 A CN 110157447A CN 201910427472 A CN201910427472 A CN 201910427472A CN 110157447 A CN110157447 A CN 110157447A
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- powder
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- stalk
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
Abstract
A kind of dust storm soil conditioner of the invention and preparation method thereof and application method, it is including component and quality proportioning, biomass carbon powder B: zeolite powder: gypsum: stalk powder C=(0.05~0.3): (0.1~0.3): (0.1~0.5): 1, wherein, the biomass carbon powder B prepares stalk powder A by following quality proportioning component: calcium superphosphate=1:(0.05~0.2).Step are as follows: take stalk to crush drying and obtain stalk powder A and after calcium superphosphate is uniformly mixed according to a ratio, dry, high-temperature heating obtains biomass carbon powder B, biomass carbon powder B, zeolite powder, gypsum and stalk powder C are mixed evenly.In use, taking dust storm soil conditioner, it is uniformly mixed by accounting requirement with dust storm soil, and guarantees that interacting depth is 10~20cm.Dust storm soil conditioner of the invention and its preparation with using having the effect of stablizing and sustained release N, P, K beneficial element, it is at low cost, have a extensive future.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to technical field of land improvement, and in particular to a kind of dust storm soil conditioner and preparation method thereof with make
Use method.
Background technique:
Dust storm soil is distributed mainly on the big and sandy sudden and violent area of drought, day and night temperature.It is mainly distributed in China
Northern semiarid, arid and extreme drought is regional.Aeolian sandy soil is characterized in that pedogenesis is often subject to wind erosion and husky pressure, very not
Stablize, cause soil-forming process very faint, soil property and aeolian sediments object are without much changes, under affected farmland yield
Drop, or even No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity.With the natural fixation and the development in Zinc fractions stage of sand ground, by flowing aeolian sandy soil to semifixed, solid
Determine aeolian sandy soil, soil organic matter content gradually increases, as long as illustrating to increase fertilizer point and moisture, make vegetation gradually stable growth,
Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry land used can be become.
Currently, aeolian sandy soil modifying measure includes: 1. envelope sand-base cultivation grass, afforestation；2. the flood containing nutrient is introduced, by soil
It transform good farmland as；3. the crop fixing soil of the well developed root systems such as kind of plant wheat, carrot.Above method is transformation soil and vegetation
It is fixed, soil property is promoted, guarantees that nutrient plays an important role to dust storm soil.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of dust storm soil conditioner and its system are provided
Preparation Method and application method.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of dust storm soil conditioner, including component and quality proportioning are biomass carbon powder B: zeolite powder: gypsum: straw
Stalk powder C=(0.05~0.3): (0.1~0.3): (0.1~0.5): 1, wherein the biomass carbon powder B is by following matter
Amount proportion component prepares stalk powder A: calcium superphosphate=1:(0.05~0.2).
The preparation method of the dust storm soil conditioner, includes the following steps:
(1) stalk is taken ,≤5mm is crushed to, drying obtains stalk powder A；
(2) in mass ratio it is 1:(0.05~0.2 by stalk powder A and calcium superphosphate) after mixing, drying, in high temperature
Under the conditions of heat, obtain biomass carbon powder B, wherein the heating temperature be 500~700 DEG C, heating time be 30~
120min；
(3) biomass carbon powder B, zeolite powder, gypsum and stalk powder C are mixed evenly, dust storm soil conditioner is made；
Wherein, the biomass carbon powder B, zeolite powder, gypsum and stalk powder C mass ratio are (0.05~0.3): (0.1~
0.3): (0.1~0.5): 1.
In the step (2), a small amount of water is added in stalk powder A and calcium superphosphate mixed process, in order to mix
It is even.
In the step (2), raw material is mixed using mixing machine, preheated high temperature furnace is delivered to, in nitrogen atmosphere
Lower heating, obtaining non-volatile component is powder B.
In the step (2), high-temperature heating reaction carries out under an inert atmosphere.
In the step (2), the biomass carbon powder B specific surface area is 280~390m2/g
In the step (3), partial size≤200 mesh of zeolite powder.
In the step (3), zeolite powder has the caged microporous molecular structure of 0.1~1nm.
In the step (3), zeolite powder specific surface area >=400m2/ g adds up desorption area >=80m2/g。
In the step (3), stalk powder C is obtained by stalk drying, the stalk powder C partial size≤5mm.
In the step (1) or (3), stalk includes one of wheat stalk, corn stover or rice straw or several
Kind.
The application method of the dust storm soil conditioner, comprises the following steps that
Dust storm soil conditioner is taken, accounting for dust storm soil quality accounting by additive amount is 5%~15%, is mixed with dust storm soil
Uniformly, and guarantee that interacting depth is 10~20cm.
The application method before modifying agent is mixed with soil or in mixed process, as needed, adds into soil
Enter the source N, so as to contain the concentration containing N for meeting plant growth in soil.
The application method, within 2 years, the turnover rate of N element is lower than 20%, and the turnover rate of P element is lower than 15%, K
The turnover rate of element is lower than 20%, dissoluble lead fixed rate/reach 57.6~64.4%.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
The application is heated with stalk under inert conditions at high temperature using calcium superphosphate, and calcium superphosphate is in a heated condition
A small amount of phosphoric acid is generated, run-inflation effect can be played, catalysis generates high-specific surface area biomass carbon, has absorption potassium ion effect, simultaneously
Ammonium ion can be adsorbed, reduces and is lost, and beneficial P elements can be provided；
Potassium element is released after Straw decomposing, is adsorbed by zeolite and biomass carbon；Zeolite and biomass carbon have absorption water
The effect divided；Gypsum can be sustained out calcium ion, and calcium ion can reduce the concentration of phosphate anion, and phosphate is inhibited to be lost, from
And N, K nutritional ingredient are fixed, it prevents from being lost by rain drop erosion.In addition, perphosphate is prevented there are also the effect of stabilizing heavy metal lead
Potential heavy metal ion pollution in dust storm soil.
The invention has the benefit that
1) with water conservation and offer N P and K beneficial element, and the loss of the nutritional ingredients such as N, P, K is greatly reduced；
2) there is slow release effect, can continue to reduce soluble heavy metal ions lead concentration.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The raw material that embodiment uses is such as without special introduction both from commercially available.
The dust storm soil weight that embodiment uses is 1.6g/cm3, 20cm depth porosity is 38.7%, and hydraulic conductivity is
0.01m/s, moisture content 5.7%, dissoluble lead concentration are 59mg/kg, and pH value 8.3, crop beneficial microbe is 17kg/
Mu, beneficial microbe mainly include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifier and saprophytic bacteria, are distributed less.
Embodiment 1
3 groups are divided by the dust storm soil conditioner of different ratios of raw materials, one, and takes and does not add zeolite ingredient, as right
According to group, accordingly number 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, preparation are as follows:
Prepare 1# dust storm soil conditioner
1) 100kg corn straw smashing is taken, drying obtains powders A；
2) powders A and 5kg calcium superphosphate are mixed, heats 30min under 700 DEG C of inert conditions, obtains biomass charcoal powder
Last B, wherein biomass carbon specific surface area is up to 280m2/g；
3) it takes 30kg powder B and 10kg zeolite powder, 10kg land plaster, 100kg stalk to be mixed evenly, obtains 1# aeolian sandy soil
Earth modifying agent.
Prepare 2# dust storm soil conditioner
1) 100kg corn straw smashing is taken, drying obtains powders A；
2) powders A and 20kg calcium superphosphate are mixed, heats 120min under 500 DEG C of inert conditions, obtains biomass carbon
Powder B, wherein biomass carbon specific surface area is up to 390m2/g；
3) it takes 5kg powder B and 30kg zeolite powder, 20kg land plaster, 100kg stalk to be mixed evenly, obtains 2# dust storm soil
Modifying agent.
Prepare 3# dust storm soil conditioner
1) 100kg corn straw smashing is taken, drying obtains powders A；
2) powders A and 10kg calcium superphosphate are mixed, heats 60min under 600 DEG C of inert conditions, obtains biomass charcoal powder
Last B, wherein biomass carbon specific surface area is up to 340m2/g；
3) it takes 1kg powder B and 20kg zeolite powder, 50kg land plaster, 100kg stalk to be mixed evenly, obtains 3# dust storm soil
Modifying agent.
Prepare 4# control group
1) 100kg corn straw smashing is taken, drying obtains powders A；
2) powders A and 10kg calcium superphosphate are mixed, obtains biomass carbon powder B, wherein biomass carbon specific surface area can
Up to 340m2/g；
3) it takes 1kg powder B, 20kg land plaster, 100kg stalk to be mixed evenly, obtains 4# dust storm soil conditioner.
In addition, 5# is taken to contain only as blank group, dust storm soil conditioner is not added
Embodiment 2
The effect of the biomass carbon formula of dust storm soil is improved in comparative example
Using Liaoning Province, Keerqin sandy land south soil, Fuxin City Zhangwu County as experimental subjects, this area is located at Nei Mongol Plateau
It is the natural barrier for preventing and treating Keerqin sandy land south and invading with the changeover portion of Base of Liaohe Plain.By the way that Zhangwu County, weather is meteorological for many years
Analysis and summary show that this area's drought, evaporation capacity are big, spring dust storm is obvious, and rainfall has the tendency that reduction year by year[17]。
North Zhangwu county sandy wasteland phenomenon is obvious at present, and soil types is aeolian sandy soil (GB/T 17296-2009).
Using 10m × 10m as test area, through detecting, N P and K original amount such as the following table 1 in dust storm soil in test area
It is shown.5 groups of experimental group dust storm soil are taken, since initial soil nitrogen is lower, and without nitrogen source in dust storm soil conditioner, 5
Group experimental group passes through supplement ammonium hydrogen carbonate supplement nitrogen source, and every group of addition 10kg ammonium hydrogen carbonate simultaneously will be real by the way of deep ploughing
It tests group 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# dust storm soil conditioner respectively accordingly to apply in 5 groups of experiment soil, modifying agent sowing amount accounts for experiment soil property amount
10%.It is uniformly mixed, it is 20cm that modifying agent, which applies depth, and the initial application time is in June, 2017.Topsoil is implanted with oat
Grass.Table 2 is to take soil analysis N, P, K element content analysis as a result, including soil after addition dust storm soil conditioner every 6 months
The primary data (2017.6) that N, P, K element are distributed in earth, initial state N, P, K element are almost the same.
N P and K original amount in 1 dust storm soil of table
| Element | Content |
| N content g/kg | 0.1 |
| P content mg/kg | 42 |
| K content mg/kg | 39 |
Table 2 took soil analysis N, P, K element content analysis result every 6 months
1#~4# sample is compared it is found that the trend being gradually reduced occur after application in N, P, K in 4#, is passing through straw
In stalk and calcined 1#, 2#, 3# sample of calcium superphosphate, the 4# sample that N, P, K can less be calcined in 2 years is high, this be by
The biomass carbon of generation can be activated in calcium superphosphate, improves adsorption activity, stablizes N, P, K element.5# sample due to not adding formula,
It is long-term to keep low concentration N, P, K element, show that aeolian sandy soil is unfavorable for plant growth.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of dust storm soil conditioner, which is characterized in that be biomass carbon powder B: zeolite including component and quality proportioning
Powder: gypsum: stalk powder C=(0.05~0.3): (0.1~0.3): (0.1~0.5): 1, wherein the biomass charcoal powder
Last B prepares stalk powder A by following quality proportioning component: calcium superphosphate=1:(0.05~0.2).
2. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner described in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
(1) stalk is taken ,≤5mm is crushed to, drying obtains stalk powder A；
(2) in mass ratio it is 1:(0.05~0.2 by stalk powder A and calcium superphosphate) after mixing, drying, in hot conditions
Lower heating obtains biomass carbon powder B, wherein the heating temperature be 500~700 DEG C, heating time be 30~
120min；
(3) biomass carbon powder B, zeolite powder, gypsum and stalk powder C are mixed evenly, dust storm soil conditioner is made；Its
In, the biomass carbon powder B, zeolite powder, gypsum and stalk powder C mass ratio are (0.05~0.3): (0.1~0.3):
(0.1~0.5): 1.
3. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (1),
Stalk includes one or more of wheat stalk, corn stover or rice straw.
4. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (2),
High-temperature heating reaction carries out under an inert atmosphere.
5. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (2),
The biomass carbon powder B specific surface area is 280~390m2/g。
6. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (3),
The partial size of zeolite powder≤200 mesh, caged microporous molecular structure of the zeolite powder with 0.1~1nm, zeolite powder specific surface area >=
400m2/ g adds up desorption area >=80m2/g。
7. the preparation method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (3),
Stalk powder C is obtained by stalk drying, the stalk powder C partial size≤5mm.
8. the application method of dust storm soil conditioner described in claim 1, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps that
Dust storm soil conditioner is taken, accounting for dust storm soil quality accounting by additive amount is 5%~15%, is mixed with dust storm soil
It is even, and guarantee that interacting depth is 10~20cm.
9. the application method of dust storm soil conditioner according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the application method,
Within 2 years, the turnover rate of N element is lower than 20%, and the turnover rate of P element is lower than 15%, and the turnover rate of K element is lower than 20%, can
Dissolubility lead fixed rate reaches 57.6~64.4%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111548796A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Soil conditioner for promoting water and fertilizer retention of aeolian sandy soil and application method thereof |
| CN112352496A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-12 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for repairing grassland patch sand |
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Application publication date: 20190823 |