CN110150029B

CN110150029B - Application of cercis negundo in cultivation of edible fungi

Info

Publication number: CN110150029B
Application number: CN201910577899.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩美丽; 陆荣生; 明凤恩; 湛年勇; 唐璇; 陈进宁; 梁志强
Original assignee: Tianlin County Agricultural And Rural Bureau; INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY GUANGXI ZHUANG AUTONOMOUS ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: Tianlin County Agricultural And Rural Bureau; INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY GUANGXI ZHUANG AUTONOMOUS ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2019-06-28
Filing date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-28
Also published as: CN110150029A

Abstract

The invention discloses application of Chinese redbud waste branch wood chips and Chinese redbud waste leaf crushed materials in edible fungus cultivation. Accordingly, the inventor develops a corresponding high-yield culture medium, the culture medium can replace the original culture formula which takes cottonseed hulls, mulberry branches and corncobs as main components, and meanwhile, the yield and the quality of the edible fungi can be improved, the production period can be shortened, part of the production cost can be reduced, the utilization rate of the waste branches of the cercis chinensis can be improved, and waste materials can be changed into valuable materials. Wherein, the culture media A-1 and A-2 can be used for liquid strain culture of ganoderma lucidum, the culture media B-1 and B-2 can be used for liquid strain culture of oyster mushroom and pleurotus eryngii, the culture medium C can be used for cultivated species culture of ganoderma lucidum, the culture medium D can be used for cultivated species culture of oyster mushroom and pleurotus eryngii, the culture medium E can be used for bag culture of ganoderma lucidum, and the culture medium F can be used for bag culture of oyster mushroom and pleurotus eryngii. In addition, the inventor also establishes a matched use method and a culture method of the product.

Description

Application of cercis negundo in cultivation of edible fungi

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and relates to application of cercis negundo in the aspect of edible fungus cultivation.

Background

Ganoderma (Ganoderma Lucidum Karst) is a medicinal edible fungus with high medicinal value and nutritive value, and its medicinal components mainly include ganoderan, triterpenes, nucleosides, amino acids, etc., and also contain trace elements such as selenium, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, iron, barium, etc. Research shows that the ganoderma lucidum has the effects of enhancing the immunity of organisms, resisting tumors, protecting the liver, detoxifying, improving the cardiovascular system, resisting viruses and the like. Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most cultivated edible fungi in China, and contains rich nutrients such as protein, amino acid and the like, wherein each hundred grams of dried products contain 19-23 grams of protein, and the amino acid has complete components and very rich mineral contents. The research shows that the oyster mushroom also contains physiologically active substances such as oyster mushroom extract (proteoglycan) and acidic polysaccharide, is beneficial to health and longevity and prevents and treats hepatitis diseases (the oyster mushroom can be used for preparing liver-calming tablets), and has certain effect on preventing and treating cancers.

Green hillock, maple and other woods are generally adopted in traditional basswood cultivation of lucid ganoderma, and basswood cultivation faces a situation without material sources along with the implementation of a policy of protecting forest restriction and felling in forestry, so that the search for substitute cultivation raw materials with high quality and low price is one of the key points of lucid ganoderma cultivation research. The conventional cultivation of oyster mushroom mainly comprises cotton seed hulls, the cotton seed hulls for cultivating oyster mushroom in south China are transported from north, and in addition, the price of the cotton seed hulls is continuously improved in recent years, so the cultivation cost is higher, and the problem that cheap raw materials are searched for to replace the existing high-cost raw materials also exists in the cultivation of oyster mushroom.

The cercis chinensis (with the scientific name of Bauhinia variegata L.) is a deciduous tree and grows rapidly, young trees grown for three years have the height of about 3 meters, the sprouting force and the branching force are strong, the branches are many, the cercis chinensis is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, and the cercis chinensis is widely cultivated as a main planting variety of greening trees in many cities. The cercis ocellatus needs to be pruned 2-3 times per year due to the fast growth of the cercis ocellatus, a large amount of waste branches and waste leaves are generated, only the south China Ning market generates more than 50 tons of waste branches and waste leaves per year, and the branches contain a large amount of lignin, cellulose and mineral elements. At present, most of the saw dust and waste leaves of the Chinese redbud are generally thrown away or burnt as garbage, which not only causes resource waste, but also brings the problem of environmental pollution.

The fermented sesame cake fertilizer is a novel organic fertilizer, has the organic matter content of 87 percent and the total nitrogen content of 5 percent, and is widely applied to gardening.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the cercis negundo in the cultivation of edible fungi, so as to fully utilize the waste branch sawdust and waste leaf resources of the cercis negundo and provide cheap and high-quality cultivation substitutes for lucid ganoderma, oyster mushroom, pleurotus eryngii and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

application of Cercis chinensis in cultivation of edible fungi is provided.

The common application of the cercis ocellatus and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer in the cultivation of edible fungi.

The folium Cercis chinensis is pulverized product of folium Cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust and folium Cercis chinensis waste leaf.

The edible fungi are Ganoderma, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus Ostreatus, and Pleurotus Eryngii.

The edible fungus culture medium comprises a culture medium A-1, a culture medium B-1, a culture medium A-2, a culture medium B-2, a culture medium C, a culture medium D, a culture medium E and a culture medium F;

the culture medium A-1 contains 100.0g of cercis negundo scrap wood chips, 100.0g of cercis negundo waste leaf crushed materials, 2.5g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 1.0g of peptone, 2.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose and the balance of water in each 1000ml of culture solution, and the pH value is 6.0-6.5;

the culture medium B-1 contains 100.0g of potato, 100g of crushed folium cercis chinensis, 2.5g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, and vitamin B in each 1000ml of culture solution₁10mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0;

medium A-2Every 1000ml of culture solution contains 200g of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 2.0g of peptone, 2.5g of soybean meal, 3.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose and vitamin B₁20mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium B-2 contains 200g of folium cercis chinensis crushed waste, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of yeast powder, 2.5g of soybean meal, 2.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, and vitamin B in each 1000ml of culture solution₁20mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium C contains 600.0g of cercis negundo branch wood chips, 180.0g of cercis negundo leaf crushed materials, 100.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 100.0g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder and 10.0g of calcium superphosphate in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials;

the culture medium D contains 370g of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 300g of cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed materials, 100g of bagasse, 100.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 100g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder, 10.0g of calcium superphosphate and 10.0g of lime in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials.

The culture medium E contains 860g of cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust, 120.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 10.0g of gypsum powder and 10.0g of calcium superphosphate in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials;

the culture medium F contains 370g of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 350g of cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed materials, 150g of bagasse, 50.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 50.0g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder, 10.0g of calcium superphosphate and 10.0g of lime in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials.

The culture medium A-1 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the saw dust of the spent branches of the malus baccata, the crushed material of the spent leaves of the malus baccata and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 600ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 20 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; thirdly, adding weighed peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.0-6.50;

the culture medium B-1 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② potato slices and crushed material of Chinese redbud waste leavesMixing the fermented sesame cakes, adding 600ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 20 minutes, filtering, removing residues, and leaving filtrate; ③ weighted fructo-oligosaccharide, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cane sugar and vitamin B₁Adding the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium A-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis ocellata and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; ③ mixing the weighed peptone, soybean powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and vitamin B₁Adding sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium B-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis negundo and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; ③ weighted yeast powder, soybean powder, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and vitamin B₁Adding sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium C is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, the rice bran and the gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in water; fourthly, mixing the two, adding water into the mixture, and finally enabling the water content of the culture medium to reach 65%;

the culture medium D is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and uniformly stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, bagasse, rice bran and gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in water; mixing the two, adding lime and water to the mixture to finally make the water content of the culture medium reach 65%;

the culture medium E is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the spent branches of the cercis ocellata, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer and the gypsum powder evenly; dissolving calcium superphosphate in water; fourthly, mixing the two, adding water into the mixture, and finally enabling the water content of the culture medium to reach 65%;

the culture medium F is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, bagasse, fermented sesame cake fertilizer, rice bran and gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in water; mixing the two materials, adding lime and water to the mixture to reach water content of 65%.

The using method of the edible fungus culture medium comprises the following steps:

(1) subpackaging the prepared culture medium A-1 into 1000ml glass bottles, filling 500ml of culture solution into each bottle, and sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 40 minutes; cooling the culture medium to room temperature after sterilization, inoculating 1.0cm × 1.0cm × 1.0cm solid mother strain, performing shake culture at room temperature of 25-28 deg.C at shaking speed of 120 rpm for 6-7 days to obtain Ganoderma first-stage liquid strain;

(2) subpackaging the culture medium A-2 in 300L fermentation tanks, sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 60 min with 200L culture solution, cooling to room temperature, inoculating 300ml mother liquid, and culturing at 26-28 deg.C; maintaining the pressure of the tank at 0.03-0.05mPa and the pressure gauge of the air pump at 0.15mPa during the culture period; culturing for 5-6 days to obtain Ganoderma secondary liquid strain;

(3) subpackaging the prepared culture medium B-1 into 1000ml glass bottles, filling 500ml of culture solution into each bottle, and sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 40 minutes; cooling the culture medium to room temperature after sterilization, inoculating solid mother seeds with the size of 1.0cm multiplied by 1.0cm, performing shake culture at room temperature of 25-28 ℃ at the shaking speed of 120 rpm for 6-7 days to obtain a first-grade liquid strain of the oyster mushroom;

(4) subpackaging the culture medium B-2 in 300L fermentation tanks, sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 60 min with 200L culture solution, cooling to room temperature, inoculating 300ml liquid mother strain, and culturing at 26-28 deg.C; maintaining the pressure of the tank at 0.03-0.05mPa and the pressure gauge of the air pump at 0.15mPa during the culture period; culturing for 5-6 days to obtain the oyster mushroom secondary liquid strain;

(5) the prepared culture medium C is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags of 30cm multiplied by 17cm, the dry material in each bag is 400g, after the bag is subjected to opening shrinkage by an opening shrinkage machine, a cotton plug made of chemical fiber cotton is used for sealing, the sterilization and the sterilization are carried out for 240 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃, then the obtained product is taken out, and the fungus bags are cooled to the room temperature and then are moved into an inoculation room for inoculation; each culture bag is inoculated with 30ml of secondary liquid strain; culturing the inoculated fungus bag at 22-26 deg.C for 20-23 days to obtain Ganoderma lucidum cultivar full of mycelia;

(6) the prepared culture medium D is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags of 30cm multiplied by 17cm, the dry material in each bag is 400g, after the bag is subjected to opening shrinkage by an opening shrinkage machine, a cotton plug made of chemical fiber cotton is used for sealing, the sterilization and the sterilization are carried out for 240 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃, then the obtained product is taken out, and the fungus bags are cooled to the room temperature and then are moved into an inoculation room for inoculation; each culture bag is inoculated with 30ml of secondary liquid strain; culturing the inoculated fungus bag at 22-26 deg.C for 20-23 days to obtain Pleurotus Ostreatus culture strain full of mycelia;

(7) the prepared culture medium E is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags with the length of 35cm multiplied by 19cm, two ends are tied with ropes and sealed, each bag is filled with 700g of dry materials, the sterilization is carried out for 240 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃, then the bags are taken out, the bags are cooled to the room temperature and then transferred into an inoculation room for inoculation; each culture bag is inoculated with 150-200g of cultivars, two ends are inoculated, and the two ends are sealed by a sterilized sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover after inoculation; culturing the inoculated fungus bags at 22-26 deg.C for 25-30 days to obtain Ganoderma fruiting bag full of mycelia;

(8) the prepared culture medium F is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags of 35cm multiplied by 19cm, each bag is filled with 700g of dry materials, two ends of each bag are tied with ropes for sealing, the bags are sterilized and disinfected for 240 minutes at 120 ℃, then the bags are taken out, and the bags are moved into an inoculation room for inoculation after being cooled to room temperature; each culture bag is inoculated with 150-200g of cultivars, two ends are inoculated, and the two ends are sealed by a sterilized sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover after inoculation; culturing at 22-26 deg.C for 25-30 days to obtain Pleurotus Ostreatus bag full of mycelia.

The using method further comprises fruiting management:

the fruiting period management of the ganoderma sinense or ganoderma lucidum is carried out according to the following steps:

placing the fungus bag full of mycelia in a greenhouse sterilized on the ground, opening one end of the bag opening, covering a layer of plastic mulching film on the surface of the fungus bag for 5-7 days to adapt to a new environment and finish the after-ripening action, wherein the room temperature is controlled at 22-25 ℃, the film is opened twice every day for ventilation, and the opening time is 10 minutes each time; after the after-ripening is finished, opening the other end of the bag, vertically placing the bag, covering soil on the upward surface of the fungus bag, wherein the soil layer is 1-2CM thick, watering thoroughly after covering the soil, pouring light water once every 3-4 days later, and controlling the temperature of a mushroom house at 28-35 ℃ and the air humidity at 80-90%; when more than 50% of fungus bags have mushroom buds, spraying water for 3 days until harvesting; stopping spraying water for 5-7 days after each batch of the seeds are harvested.

The management of the fruiting period of the oyster mushrooms comprises the following steps:

after the bag is full of oyster mushroom mycelia, continuously placing the oyster mushroom mycelia in a culture room for 5-7 days to ensure that the mycelia are physiologically mature, and then transporting the oyster mushroom mycelia to a mushroom room for fruiting; after the fungus bags enter the room, stacking the fungus bags in a single-row wall type manner for 5 layers, opening two ends of a bag opening after the fungus bags are stacked, keeping the temperature of the mushroom room at 16-25 ℃, keeping the relative air humidity at 85-90%, ventilating for 2 times every day for 30 minutes every time, and giving certain diffused light every day; after mushroom primordium is formed on the material surface, continuously maintaining 85-90% of air humidity, and increasing ventilation for 3 times every day, wherein each time lasts for 30 minutes; removing fruiting body residues after the first tide, stopping water, culturing fungi for 7-10 days, keeping mushroom house temperature at 16-25 deg.C, air humidity 85% -95%, ventilating for 2-3 times per day, each time for 30 min; the number of the sampling can be 3.

The pleurotus eryngii fruiting period management is carried out according to the following steps:

after the bag is full of pleurotus eryngii hyphae, continuously placing the pleurotus eryngii hyphae in a culture room for 5 to 7 days, and then transporting the pleurotus eryngii hyphae to a mushroom house for fruiting; after the fungus bags enter the room, stacking the fungus bags in a single-row wall type manner for 5 layers, opening two ends of a bag opening after the fungus bags are stacked, keeping the temperature of the mushroom room at 10-15 ℃, keeping the relative air humidity at 85-90%, ventilating for 2 times every day for 30 minutes every time, and giving diffused light every day; after mushroom primordium is formed on the material surface, continuously maintaining 85-90% of air humidity, and increasing ventilation for 3 times every day, wherein each time lasts for 30 minutes; removing fruiting body residue after first tide, stopping water, culturing bacteria for 7-10 days, maintaining mushroom house at 16-25 deg.C and air humidity of 85% -95%, and ventilating for 2-3 times per day for 30 min each time.

Aiming at the problems of edible fungus cultivation and Chinese redbud waste, the inventor develops researches on edible fungus cultivation by taking Chinese redbud waste branch sawdust and Chinese redbud waste leaf as materials. Researches show that the yield of ganoderma lucidum, oyster mushroom and pleurotus eryngii can be improved by using the cercis ocellatus waste branch sawdust and waste leaf crushed matter as main materials, adding a small amount of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, and adopting the method of directly preparing cultivated species by liquid strains and inoculating the cultivated species into a mushroom bag. Accordingly, the inventor develops a corresponding high-yield culture medium, the culture medium can replace the original culture formula which takes cottonseed hulls, mulberry branches and corncobs as main components, and meanwhile, the yield and the quality of the edible fungi can be improved, the production period can be shortened, part of the production cost can be reduced, the utilization rate of the waste branches of the cercis chinensis can be improved, and waste materials can be changed into valuable materials. In order to increase the organic matter content of the edible fungus culture medium, fermented sesame cake fertilizers in different proportions are added into the culture medium mainly containing the cercis negundo sawdust and the cercis negundo leaf crushed matter, and a high-yield and high-quality culture medium is obtained through careful screening. The culture media A-1 and A-2 are used for culturing liquid strains of the lucid ganoderma, the culture media B-1 and B-2 are used for culturing liquid strains of the oyster mushroom and the pleurotus eryngii, the culture medium C is used for culturing ganoderma cultivars, the culture medium D is used for culturing the oyster mushroom and the pleurotus eryngii cultivars, the culture medium E is used for culturing lucid ganoderma fruiting bags, and the culture medium F is used for culturing the oyster mushroom and the pleurotus eryngii fruiting bags. In addition, the inventor also establishes a matched use method and a culture method of the product.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:

(1) the biological conversion rate is higher, the quality is good: when the culture medium is adopted, the biotransformation efficiency is higher than that of a control, and the growth speed of hyphae is accelerated to a certain extent.

Under the condition of applying the invention: the biological conversion rate of the ganoderma sinense is as high as 78.8 percent and is about 11.2 percent higher than the average biological conversion rate of a reference formula; the biological conversion rate of the ganoderma lucidum is as high as 85.3 percent and is about 9.4 percent higher than the average biological conversion rate of a reference formula; the biological conversion rate of the first Pleurotus ostreatus is up to 131.8 percent, and is about 21.4 percent higher than the average biological conversion rate of the first Pleurotus ostreatus in a reference formula; the total biological conversion rate of the pleurotus eryngii is as high as 98.8 percent and is about 11.4 percent higher than that of the pleurotus eryngii in a reference formula. And the soluble protein content in the fruiting bodies of the ganoderma sinense and the oyster mushroom respectively reaches 9.3 mg/g and 6.5mg/g, and the soluble sugar content respectively reaches 4.7 mg/g and 6.8 mg/g, which are higher than those of the contrast.

(2) Compared with the control liquid culture hypha, the liquid strain formula established by the invention has high yield, the seed consumption is less than that of the control liquid culture hypha, the cost is relatively saved, and the growth period is shortened. When the solid mother seeds and the stock seeds are adopted to produce the cultivated species, the growing time of the ganoderma lucidum and the oyster mushroom is shortened to 50-65 days after the method for producing the cultivated species and then producing the mushroom bags by adopting the liquid strain of the invention is adopted from the solid mother seeds, the solid stock seeds and the solid cultivated species to the mushroom bags, and the ganoderma lucidum, the red ganoderma lucidum and the oyster mushroom need 106 plus materials for 110 days, 106 plus materials for 110 days and 95-105 days respectively.

(3) The using amount of the cercis negundo waste branch wood dust and waste leaf in the culture medium reaches more than 60 percent, so that the cost of the cultivation raw material is greatly reduced, the additional value of related industries is improved, and the promotion effect on circular economy and environmental protection is achieved.

(4) The production cost is reduced: when the purple ganoderma lucidum, the red ganoderma lucidum and the oyster mushroom are cultivated by adopting solid stock seeds, the inoculation efficiency is 490 bags/6 persons/hour, and the fungus bag pollution rate is 4.2 percent. After the liquid strain is adopted, the inoculation efficiency is 4000 bags/6 persons/hour, the pollution rate of the strain bags is 1.5 percent, and the inoculation efficiency is improved by 32.7 percent compared with a control.

Detailed Description

Example 1 Ganoderma sinense cultivation

(1) Preparation of culture medium

The culture medium A-1 is used for culturing a first-level liquid strain of ganoderma sinense, and each 1000ml of culture solution contains 100.0g of cercis negundo branch wood chips, 100.0g of cercis negundo leaf crushed materials, 2.5g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 1.0g of peptone, 2.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose and the balance of water, and the pH value is 6.0-6.5.

The culture medium A-1 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the saw dust of the spent branches of the malus baccata, the crushed material of the spent leaves of the malus baccata and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 600ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 20 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; thirdly, adding weighed peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; fourthly, adding water into the mixture, finally leading the volume of the culture medium to reach 1000ml and adjusting the pH value to 6.0-6.5.

The culture medium A-2 is used for culturing secondary liquid strains of Ganoderma sinense, and each 1000ml culture solution contains 200g of Cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 2.0g of peptone, 2.5g of soybean meal, 3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, and vitamin B₁20mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium A-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the saw dust of the waste branches of the Chinese redbud and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; ③ mixing the weighed peptone, soybean powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and vitamin B₁Adding sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; fourthly, adding water into the mixture, finally leading the volume of the culture medium to reach 1000ml and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium C is used for culturing Ganoderma sinense cultivated species hypha, and each 1000g of culture medium dry material contains folium Cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust 600.0g, folium Cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed material 180.0g, fermented sesame cake fertilizer 100.0g, rice bran 100.0g, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 10.0g, and calcium superphosphate 10.0 g.

The culture medium C is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, the rice bran and the gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in proper amount of water; mixing the two, adding water into the mixture, and finally making the water content of the culture medium reach about 65%.

The culture medium E is used for culturing mycelium of fruiting bags of ganoderma sinense, and each 1000g of culture medium dry material contains 860g of cercis negundo wood chips, 120.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 10.0g of gypsum powder and 10.0g of calcium superphosphate.

The culture medium E is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the spent branches of the cercis ocellata, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer and the gypsum powder evenly; dissolving calcium superphosphate in proper amount of water; mixing the two, adding water into the mixture, and finally making the water content of the culture medium reach about 65%.

(2) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium A-1

Subpackaging the prepared culture medium A-1 into 1000ml glass bottles, filling 500ml of culture solution into each bottle, and sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 40 minutes; cooling the culture medium to room temperature after sterilization, inoculating solid mother seeds with the size of about 1.0cm multiplied by 1.0cm, carrying out shake culture at room temperature of 25-28 ℃ at the shaking speed of 120 rpm for 6-7 days to obtain a first-level liquid strain with the hypha density of about 75% of the culture solution.

(3) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium A-2

The culture solution A-2 was filled in 300L fermentors, 200L of culture solution was filled in each jar, the culture solution was cooled to room temperature after sterilization, and about 300ml of primary liquid strain was inoculated and cultured at 28 ℃ at room temperature. The pot pressure was maintained at 0.03-0.05mPa during the culture. Culturing for 5-6 days to obtain the second-stage liquid strain with the mycelium pellet density of about 75%.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium C

And (3) filling the culture medium C into 30cm × 17cm polypropylene plastic bags, filling the dry materials into each bag by about 400g, filling the bags with a mouth-closing machine, sealing the bags with inorganic cotton, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 240 minutes, taking out, cooling to room temperature, transferring the bags into an inoculation chamber for inoculation, and inoculating 30ml of secondary liquid strains into each bag. Culturing the inoculated fungus bag at 22-26 deg.C for 20-23 days to obtain Ganoderma lucidum cultivar overgrown with mycelia.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium E

The prepared culture medium E is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags with the length of 35cm multiplied by 19cm, two ends are tied with ropes and sealed, each bag is filled with about 700g of dry materials, the sterilization is carried out for 240 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃, then the bags are taken out, the bags are cooled to the room temperature and then transferred into an inoculation room for inoculation; inoculating 150-; culturing at 22-26 deg.C for 25-30 days to obtain Ganoderma fruiting bag full of mycelia.

(5) Fruiting management

Placing the fungus bag full of mycelia in a greenhouse sterilized on the ground, opening one end of the bag opening, covering a layer of plastic mulching film on the surface of the fungus bag for 5-7 days to adapt to a new environment and finish the after-ripening action, wherein the room temperature is controlled at 22-25 ℃, the film is opened twice every day for ventilation, and the opening time is 10 minutes each time; after the post-ripening is finished, the other end of the bag is opened, the bag is vertically placed, soil is covered on the upward surface of the fungus bag, the soil layer is 1-2CM thick, water is thoroughly poured once after the soil is covered, then light water is poured once every 3-4 days, the temperature of the mushroom house is controlled at 28-35 ℃, and the air humidity is 80-90%. When more than 50% of fungus bags have mushroom buds, spraying water for 3 days until harvesting; stopping spraying water for 5-7 days after each batch of the seeds are harvested.

As a result: the first tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 47.8%, the second tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 28.8%, and two tides are harvested together, wherein the total bioconversion rate is 78.8%.

EXAMPLE 2 comparison of hypha growth rates of the culture Medium for the existing cultivar of Ganoderma Sinense with the culture Medium for the cultivar of the present invention (I) comparison of hypha growth rates of the culture medium C for the cultivar of the present invention with the culture medium containing the sawdust of the waste branches of Cercis Elaphus Linnaeus alone

Medium formula 1 (denoted as culture 1): 98.0 percent of cercis negundo scrap wood chips, 1.0 percent of gypsum powder and 1.0 percent of calcium superphosphate;

medium formula 2 (denoted as culture 2): 88.0% of cercis negundo scrap wood chips, 10.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

the mushroom culture medium formula C (written as the book) of the invention is as follows: 60.0% of cercis negundo branch wood chips, 18.0% of cercis negundo leaf crushed materials, 10.0% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 10.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate.

The culture medium of the cultivar is prepared according to example 1, and is bagged (30 cm. times.17 cm polypropylene plastic bags, opening machine, sealing inorganic chemical cotton, and packing dry material about 400g in each bag), sterilized, inoculated with secondary liquid thallus, and cultured in a mushroom bag at room temperature of 22-26 ℃ for 15-20 days after inoculation.

TABLE 1 comparison of the effects of the spent branches and sawdust of the cercis negundo, the crushed waste leaves of the Ganoderma sinense and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer on the growth of the hyphae of the cultivars

3 replicates per 90 bags treated; tables 2, 3 and 4 are the same.

As can be seen from Table 1, under the culture conditions of adding the cercis negundo scrap wood chips alone, the growth rate of hyphae is slow, and the growth vigor of the hyphae is weak; after 10% of rice bran is added into the cercis negundo branch sawdust, the growth speed, growth vigor and biotransformation rate of hyphae are improved; the best culture medium formula is the culture medium C which takes the cercis negundo branch sawdust and the cercis negundo leaf as main materials and is added with rice bran, corn flour and the like, and the formula is obviously better than other 2 treatments in hypha growth speed, hypha growth vigor and fungus bag full growth time.

(II) comparison of the culture medium C of the cultivar of the invention with the existing culture medium of the frequently used Ganoderma sinense cultivar in hypha growth speed

Medium formula 1 (denoted as culture 1): 70% of miscellaneous tree wood chips, 20% of rice bran, 8.0% of corn flour, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

medium formula 2 (denoted as culture 2): 60% of miscellaneous tree wood chips, 20% of rice bran, 18.0% of corn flour, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

TABLE 2 comparison of the Effect of cultivar media C of the present invention on the growth of the hyphae of cultivars with the existing media

As can be seen from Table 2, the best formula of the medium, which is the medium C of the present invention, was compared with the three cultivar formulas, and the formula was significantly better than the other 2 treatments in terms of hyphal growth rate, hyphal vigor, and time spent overgrowing the bags.

Example 3 comparison test of the existing culture medium and the culture medium of the invention for the growth rate of hyphae in fruiting bag, biotransformation rate and fruiting body quality

Comparison of the mushroom culture medium E of the present invention with a culture medium containing spent cercis negundo wood chips alone in terms of hypha growth and biotransformation efficiency

the mushroom culture medium formula E (written as the book) of the invention is as follows: 86.0% of cercis negundo scrap wood chips, 12.0% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

preparing a fruiting bag culture medium according to example 1, subpackaging in 35cm × 19cm polypropylene plastic bags, tying two ends of each bag with ropes, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 240 minutes, taking out, cooling the bags to room temperature, and inoculating; each culture bag is inoculated with 100-; culturing the inoculated fungus bags at the room temperature of 22-26 ℃ until hyphae grow over the fruiting bags.

TABLE 3 comparison of the influence of the existing culture medium and the culture medium of the present invention on the growth of mycelia and the biotransformation rate of fruiting bag

As can be seen from Table 3, under the culture conditions of adding the cercis negundo scrap wood chips alone, the growth rate of hyphae is slow, and the growth vigor of the hyphae is weak; after 12% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer is added into the cercis ocellatus waste branch sawdust, the growth speed of hypha and silk, the growth vigor of hypha and the biological conversion rate are obviously higher than those of other 2 treatments.

(II) comparing the existing common fruiting bag culture medium with the fruiting culture medium E of the invention in terms of hypha growth, biotransformation rate and fruiting body quality

The existing commonly-used fruiting bag culture medium formula 1 (marked as the current 1): 70% of miscellaneous tree chips, 15% of corncobs, 13% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

the existing commonly used fruiting bag culture medium formula 2 (marked as the current 2): 70% of mulberry twig, 15% of corncob, 13% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate;

the mushroom culture medium formula E (written as the book) of the invention is as follows: 86.0% of cercis ocellatus waste branch sawdust, 12.0% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 1.0% of gypsum powder and 1.0% of calcium superphosphate.

TABLE 4 comparison of biological Performance of fruiting bag of different treated culture mediums

Measuring the content of soluble protein in the sporocarp by adopting a Coomassie brilliant blue colorimetric method; the content of soluble reducing sugar in the sporocarp is measured by a sulfuric acid-anthrone colorimetric method.

As can be seen from Table 4, the time for the hypha of the fruiting bag culture medium E adopted by the invention to overgrow the bag is obviously shortened compared with the existing culture medium; the total biotransformation rate of the fruiting bag culture medium E adopted by the invention is obviously higher than that of the other 2 existing culture media, and the fruiting body quality is also improved.

Example 4 comparison of the amount of hyphae grown in the conventional liquid mother culture with the amount of hyphae grown in the culture Medium A of the present invention

The formula 1 of the traditional primary liquid mother culture medium (marked as transmission 1): 20.0 percent of potato, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate and 2.5 percent of cane sugar;

traditional primary liquid mother culture medium formula 2 (denoted as pass 2): 20.0 percent of potato, 3.0 percent of peptone, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate, 2.5 percent of sucrose, 1 percent of calcium percarbonate and 1.0 percent of gypsum powder;

the liquid mother culture medium formula A-1 (written as the book) of the invention is as follows: 10.0% of folium cercis negundo crushed material, 10.0% of folium cercis negundo scrap wood chip, 0.25% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% of magnesium sulfate, 1.0% of fructo-oligosaccharide and 1.5% of sucrose.

Liquid seed culture medium was prepared according to example 1, and bottled (1000ml triangular glass bottles, 500ml culture medium per bottle), sterilized, and then solid stock seeds were inoculated, and the flasks were cultured in an incubator at 25-28 ℃ for 6 days. After 6 days of culture, the bacterial solution was centrifuged at 4000rpm, and the supernatant was removed to weigh the hyphal precipitate.

TABLE 5 comparison of hyphal growth in different compositions of liquid media

Repeat 3 times per 10 vials treated. The same applies to Table 6.

As can be seen from Table 5, the amount of hyphae growth of the liquid stock culture medium A-1 used in the present invention was significantly increased as compared to the conventional culture medium, and the formation time of the hypha ball was also earlier than that of the conventional formulation.

Example 4 comparison of inoculation speed and hypha growth time of liquid seed inoculated cultures of the invention with conventional solid stock inoculated cultures

Culture bags (medium C) of cultivars were prepared according to example 1, and the cultivars were bagged (30 cm. times.17 cm polypropylene plastic bags, about 400g dry matter per bag), sterilized, inoculated with the solid strain and the second-stage liquid strain of the present invention, respectively, and cultured in a 25-28 ℃ culture room.

TABLE 6 influence of different types of strains on the production efficiency of Ganoderma sinense cultivars

As shown in Table 6, the inoculation efficiency is much higher with liquid strains than with solid strains, and the time for hyphae to overgrow the fungus bags is greatly shortened.

EXAMPLE 5 cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum

(1) Preparation of culture medium

The culture medium A-1 is used for culturing the first-level liquid strain of the ganoderma lucidum, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 1.

The culture medium A-2 is used for culturing the second-level liquid strain of the ganoderma lucidum, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 1.

The culture medium C is used for hypha culture of Ganoderma lucidum cultivars, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in example 1.

The culture medium E is used for culturing mycelium of fruiting bags of Ganoderma lucidum, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in example 1.

(2) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium A-1

The same as in example 1.

(3) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium A-2

The same as in example 1.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium C

The same as in example 1.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium E

The same as in example 1.

(5) Fruiting management

The same as in example 1.

As a result: the first tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 41.3%, the second tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 27.8%, the second tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 12.4%, three tides are harvested together, and the total bioconversion rate is 84.5%.

EXAMPLE 6 comparison of hyphal growth rates of the existing cultivar media of Ganoderma lucidum with the cultivar media of the present invention

Comparison of growth rates of mycelia between the culture medium C of the cultivar of the present invention and the culture medium containing the sawdust of the waste branches of Cercis chinensis alone

The culture medium of the cultivar was prepared according to example 1, and the cultivar was bagged (30 cm. times.17 cm polypropylene plastic bags, and the bags were opened with a mouth-opening machine, and sealed with inorganic chemical cotton, and each bag was filled with about 400g of dry material), sterilized, inoculated with secondary liquid cells, and cultured in inoculated bags at room temperature of 22-26 ℃.

TABLE 7 comparison of the effects of Cercis chinensis waste twig sawdust, Cercis chinensis waste leaf pulverized material, and fermented sesame cake fertilizer on the growth of hypha of cultivars

3 replicates per 90 bags treated; tables 8, 9 and 10 are the same.

As can be seen from Table 7, under the culture conditions of adding the cercis negundo scrap wood chips alone, the growth rate of hyphae is slow, and the growth vigor of the hyphae is weak; after 10% of rice bran is added into the cercis negundo branch sawdust, the growth speed, growth vigor and biotransformation rate of hyphae are improved; the best culture medium formula the culture medium C is obviously better than other 2 treatments in hypha growth speed, hypha growth vigor and hypha bag full growth time.

(II) comparison of the growth rate of hyphae of the culture medium C of the cultivar of the invention with that of the culture medium of the conventional Ganoderma lucidum cultivar

TABLE 8 comparison of the Effect of different media on the growth of hyphae of cultivars

As can be seen from Table 8, the best formulation of the medium, which is medium C of the present invention, compared the three cultivar formulations, was significantly better than the other 2 treatments in terms of hyphal growth rate, hyphal vigor, and time spent overgrowing the bags.

Example 7 comparison test of the existing culture medium and the culture medium of the present invention for the growth rate of the hypha in the fruiting bag, the biotransformation efficiency and the fruiting body quality

Preparing a fruiting bag culture medium according to example 1, subpackaging in 35cm × 19cm polypropylene plastic bags, tying two ends of each bag with ropes, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 240 minutes, taking out, cooling the bags to room temperature, and inoculating; each culture bag is inoculated with 150-200g of cultivars, two ends are inoculated, and the two ends are sealed by a sterilized sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover after inoculation; culturing the inoculated fungus bags at the room temperature of 22-26 ℃ until hyphae grow over the fruiting bags.

TABLE 9 comparison of the effects of different proportions of the saw dust of the spent branches of Cercis chinensis on the growth of the hyphae and the biotransformation rate of the mushroom bags

As can be seen from Table 9, under the culture conditions of adding the cercis negundo scrap wood chips alone, the growth rate of hyphae is slow, and the growth vigor of the hyphae is weak; after 12% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer is added into the cercis ocellatus waste branch sawdust, the growth speed, growth vigor and biotransformation rate of hyphae are obviously higher than those of other 2 treatments.

TABLE 10 comparison of biological Performance of fruiting bag of different treated media

As can be seen from Table 10, the time taken for the hypha of the fruiting bag culture medium E adopted by the invention to overgrow the bag is obviously shortened compared with the existing culture medium; the total biotransformation rate of the fruiting bag culture medium E adopted by the invention is obviously higher than that of the other 2 existing culture media, and the fruiting body quality is also improved.

EXAMPLE 8 comparison of the amount of hyphae grown in the conventional liquid mother culture with that in the culture Medium A-1 of the present invention

The traditional primary liquid mother culture medium formula 5 (marked as transmission 1): 20.0 percent of potato, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate and 2.5 percent of cane sugar;

TABLE 11 comparison of hyphal growth in different compositions of liquid media

Repeat 3 times per 10 vials treated. The same as in Table 12.

As can be seen from Table 11, the amount of hyphae growth of the liquid stock culture medium A-1 used in the present invention was significantly increased as compared to the conventional culture medium, and the formation time of the hypha ball was also earlier than that of the conventional formulation.

Example 9 comparison of inoculation rates and hyphal growth times for liquid seed inoculated cultures of the invention and conventional solid stock inoculated cultures

Culture bags (medium C) for cultivars were prepared according to example 5, and the cultivars were bagged (30 cm. times.17 cm polypropylene plastic bags, about 400g dry matter per bag), sterilized, inoculated with the solid strain and the second-stage liquid strain of the present invention, respectively, and cultured in a 25-28 ℃ culture room.

TABLE 12 influence of different types of strains on the production efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum cultivars

As seen from Table 12, the inoculation efficiency is much higher with liquid strains than with solid strains, and the time for hyphae to overgrow the fungus sack is greatly shortened.

Example 10 oyster Mushroom cultivation

(1) Preparation of culture medium

The culture medium B-1 is used for primary liquid strain culture, and each 1000ml of culture solution contains 100.0g of rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, 100g of folium Cercis chinensis crushed material, 2.5g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, and vitamin B₁10mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium B-1 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing potato slices, the crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis negundo and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 600ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 20 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; ③ weighted fructo-oligosaccharide, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cane sugar and vitamin B₁Adding the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; fourthly, adding water into the mixture, finally leading the volume of the culture medium to reach 1000ml and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium B-2 is used for secondary liquid strains, and each 1000ml of culture solution contains 200g of folium Cercis chinensis crushed waste, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of yeast powder, 2.5g of soybean meal, 2.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, and vitamin B₁20mg, the balance being water, pH 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium B-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis negundo and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; ③ weighted yeast powder, soybean powder, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide and vitamin B₁Adding sucrose into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; fourthly, adding water into the mixture, finally leading the volume of the culture medium to reach 1000ml and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.0.

The culture medium D is used for culturing hypha of a cultivation species of the oyster mushroom, and every 1000g of dry culture medium contains 370g of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 300g of cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed matter, 100g of bagasse, 100.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 100g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder, 10.0g of calcium superphosphate and 10.0g of lime.

The culture medium D is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and uniformly stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, bagasse, rice bran and gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in proper amount of water; mixing the two, adding lime and water to the mixture to make the water content of the culture medium reach 65%.

The culture medium F is used for culturing hypha of an oyster mushroom fruiting bag, and every 1000g of dry culture medium contains 370g of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 350g of cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed matter, 150g of bagasse, 50.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 50.0g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder, 10.0g of calcium superphosphate and 10.0g of lime.

The culture medium F is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing and stirring the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis negundo, the crushed material of the waste leaves of the cercis negundo, bagasse, fermented sesame cake fertilizer, rice bran and gypsum powder; dissolving calcium superphosphate in proper amount of water; mixing the two, adding lime and water to the mixture to make the water content of the culture medium reach 65%.

(2) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium B-1

And subpackaging the culture medium B-1 into 1000ml glass bottles, filling 500ml of culture solution into each bottle, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 40 minutes, cooling the sterilized culture medium to room temperature, inoculating solid mother seeds with the size of about 1.0cm multiplied by 1.0cm, performing shake culture at the room temperature of 25-28 ℃, and performing shake culture at the shaking speed of 120 r/min for 6-7 days to obtain a primary liquid strain with the hypha density of about 75% of the culture solution.

(3) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium B-2

Filling the culture solution B-2 into 300L fermentation tanks, filling 200L culture solution in each tank, cooling the culture solution to room temperature after sterilization at 120 ℃ for 60 minutes, inoculating about 300ml of primary liquid strain, and culturing at 28 ℃ at room temperature; maintaining the tank pressure at 0.03-0.05mPa during the culture period, and culturing for 5-6 days to obtain the second-stage liquid strain with the mycelium pellet density of about 75%.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium D

And (3) filling the culture medium D into 30cm × 17cm polypropylene plastic bags, filling the dry materials into each bag by about 400g, filling the bags with a mouth-closing machine, sealing the bags with inorganic cotton, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 240 minutes, taking out, cooling to room temperature, transferring the bags into an inoculation chamber for inoculation, and inoculating 30ml of secondary liquid strains into each bag. Culturing the inoculated fungus bag at 22-26 deg.C for 20-23 days to obtain Ganoderma lucidum cultivar overgrown with mycelia.

(5) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium F

The prepared culture medium F is subpackaged into polypropylene plastic bags with the length of 35cm multiplied by 19cm, two ends are tied with ropes and sealed, each bag is filled with about 700g of dry materials, the sterilization is carried out for 240 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃, then the bags are taken out, the bags are cooled to the room temperature and then transferred into an inoculation room for inoculation; inoculating 150-200g of cultivars into each culture bag, inoculating at two ends, and sealing with a sterilized sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover (sterilizing and sterilizing the sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover for 60 minutes at 120 ℃) after inoculation; culturing at 22-26 deg.C for 25-30 days to obtain Pleurotus Ostreatus bag full of mycelia.

(6) Oyster mushroom fruiting management

After the bag is full of oyster mushroom mycelia, continuously placing the oyster mushroom mycelia in a culture room for 5-7 days to ensure that the mycelia are physiologically mature, and then transporting the oyster mushroom mycelia to a mushroom room for fruiting. After the fungus bags enter the room, the fungus bags are stacked in a single-row wall type mode, 5 layers are formed in total, after the fungus bags are stacked, two ends of a bag opening are opened, the temperature of the mushroom room is kept at 16-25 ℃, the relative air humidity is kept at 85-90%, ventilation is carried out for 2 times every day, every time is carried out for 30 minutes, and certain diffused light is given every day. After mushroom primordium is formed on the material surface, the air humidity of 85-90% is kept continuously, and the ventilation is increased for 3 times every day, and each time lasts for 30 minutes. Removing fruiting body residue after first tide, stopping water, culturing bacteria for 7-10 days, maintaining mushroom house at 16-25 deg.C and air humidity of 85% -95%, and ventilating for 2-3 times per day for 30 min each time. The number of the sampling can be 3.

As a result: the first tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 95.1%, the second tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 36.5%, the third tide mushroom bioconversion rate is 15.4%, three tides are harvested together, and the total bioconversion rate is 147.0%.

Example 11 comparison of conventional Pleurotus Ostreatus culture Medium and the culture Medium of the present invention for growth rate of mycelia, biotransformation efficiency, and fruiting body quality

Comparison of the culture medium F for fruiting of the present invention with culture medium containing spent branches of cercis chinensis alone in terms of hypha growth and biotransformation efficiency

Medium formula 1 (denoted as culture 1): 97% of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

medium formula 2 (denoted as culture 2): 87% of cercis chinensis waste branch wood chips, 10% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

the culture medium of the invention has the formula F (recorded as the book): 37.0% of cercis negundo branch wood chips, 35.0% of cercis negundo leaf crushed materials, 15.0% of bagasse, 5.0% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 5.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime.

Preparing a mushroom bag culture medium according to example 10, bagging the culture medium (about 700g of dry materials are filled in each bag in a 35 cm-19 cm polypropylene plastic bag), sterilizing, cooling, inoculating solid culture seeds at two ends, and sealing the solid culture seeds with a sterilized sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover (the sponge double-lantern ring sealing cover is sterilized and sterilized at 120 ℃ for 60 minutes); culturing at 22-26 deg.C for 25-30 days to obtain Pleurotus Ostreatus bag full of mycelia.

TABLE 13 comparison of the effects of different proportions of the saw dust of the spent branches of Cercis chinensis on the growth of hyphae and the biotransformation rate of the mushroom bags

3 replicates per 90 bags treated; tables 14, 15 and 16 are the same.

As can be seen from Table 13, under the culture conditions in which the sawdust of the waste branches of Cercis chinensis was added alone, the growth rate of the mycelia was slow and the growth vigor of the mycelia was weak; after 10% of rice bran is added into the cercis negundo branch sawdust, the growth speed of hyphae is increased, the growth vigor of the hyphae is enhanced, and the biological conversion rate is also improved; the best culture medium formula is the culture medium F, and the formula is superior to other 2 treatments in hypha growth speed, hypha growth vigor and biotransformation rate.

(II) comparing the hypha growth and biotransformation rate of the existing culture medium for fruiting bags with that of the culture medium F for fruiting bags

The existing fruiting bag stock culture medium formula 1 (marked as the existing 1): 75.0% of cotton seed hulls, 22.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

the existing fruiting bag culture medium formula 2 (marked as the current 2): 55.0% of cotton seed hulls, 35.0% of corncobs, 8.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

the mushroom bag culture medium of the invention has the formula F (recorded as the book): 37.0% of cercis negundo branch wood chips, 35.0% of cercis negundo leaf crushed materials, 15.0% of bagasse, 5.0% of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 5.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime.

TABLE 14 comparison of the effects of hypha growth, bioconversion rate, and fruiting body quality in fruiting bag of different treatment media

As can be seen from Table 14, the culture medium F for fruiting bags used in the present invention has a significantly shorter time for the mycelia to grow to fill the bags than the conventional culture. The total biotransformation rate of the fruiting bag culture medium F adopted by the invention is obviously higher than that of 2 existing culture media.

EXAMPLE 12 comparison of the amount of hyphae grown in the conventional liquid mother culture with that in the culture medium B-2 of the present invention

Traditional liquid mother culture medium formula 1 (denoted as pass 1): 20.0 percent of potato, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate and 2.5 percent of cane sugar;

traditional liquid mother culture medium formula 2 (noted as pass 2): 20.0 percent of potato, 0.3 percent of peptone, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate and 2.5 percent of cane sugar;

the first-level liquid strain culture medium formula B-2 (written as the book) of the invention is as follows: 20.0 percent of crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis ocellatus, 0.5 percent of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 0.3 percent of yeast powder, 0.25 percent of soybean meal, 0.25 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.15 percent of magnesium sulfate, 1.0 percent of fructo-oligosaccharide, 1.5 percent of cane sugar, 0.002 percent of vitamin B and the balance of water, and the pH value is 6.5-7.0.

A liquid seed culture medium was prepared according to example 10, and bottled (1000ml triangular glass bottles, 300ml culture medium per bottle), sterilized, and then inoculated with a solid stock, and the flask was cultured in an incubator at 25-28 ℃ for 7 days.

TABLE 15 comparison of hyphal growth in different compositions of liquid media

As can be seen from Table 15, the amount of hyphae growth of the liquid stock culture medium B-2 used in the present invention was significantly increased as compared with the conventional culture.

Example 12 cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii

(1) Preparation of culture medium

The culture medium B-1 is used for culturing the first-level liquid strain of the pleurotus eryngii, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 10.

The culture medium B-2 is used for culturing the second-level liquid strain of the pleurotus eryngii, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 10.

The culture medium D is used for culturing hyphae of a pleurotus eryngii cultivar, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in example 10.

The culture medium F is used for culturing the mycelium of the pleurotus eryngii fruiting bag, and the formula and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 10.

(2) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium B-1

The same as in example 10.

(3) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium B-2

The same as in example 10.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium D

The same as in example 10.

(4) Subpackaging, sterilizing and inoculating culture medium F

The same as in example 10.

(5) Fruiting management

As a result: the first tide mushroom biotransformation rate is 65.1%, the second tide mushroom biotransformation rate is 33.7%, and the total biotransformation rate is 98.8%.

EXAMPLE 13 comparison of the growth and bioconversion rates of mycelia in the conventional fruiting bag culture medium and the fruiting culture medium F of the present invention

The existing fruiting bag stock culture medium formula 1 (marked as the existing 1): 50.0% of cotton seed hulls, 32.0% of corncobs, 15% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

the existing fruiting bag culture medium formula 2 (marked as the current 2): 55.0% of miscellaneous tree chips, 35.0% of corncobs, 8.0% of rice bran, 1.0% of gypsum powder, 1.0% of calcium superphosphate and 1.0% of lime;

TABLE 16 comparison of the effects of hypha growth and biotransformation efficiency in fruiting bags of different treatment media

As can be seen from Table 16, the culture medium F for fruiting bags used in the present invention has a significantly shorter time for the mycelia to overgrow the bags than the conventional culture. The total biotransformation rate of the fruiting bag culture medium F adopted by the invention is obviously higher than that of 2 existing culture media.

Claims

1. The use of Cercis chinensis in the cultivation of edible fungi;

the common application of the cercis ocellatus and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer in the cultivation of edible fungi;

the cercis chinensis is waste cercis chinensis branch sawdust or waste cercis chinensis leaf crushed matter;

the edible fungus culture medium applied in the aspect of edible fungus cultivation is a culture medium A-1, a culture medium A-2, a culture medium B-1, a culture medium B-2, a culture medium C, a culture medium D, a culture medium E or a culture medium F;

the culture medium B-1 contains 100.0g of potatoes, 100g of crushed folium cercis negundo, 2.5g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of cane sugar, 110mg of vitamin B and the balance of water per 1000ml of culture solution, and the pH value is 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium A-2 contains 200g of cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 2.0g of peptone, 2.5g of soybean meal, 3.0g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of sucrose, 120mg of vitamin B and the balance of water in each 1000ml of culture solution, and the pH value is 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium B-2 contains 200g of Chinese redbud waste leaf crushed material, 5.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 3.0g of yeast powder, 2.5g of soybean meal, 2.5g of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 10.0g of fructo-oligosaccharide, 15.0g of cane sugar, 120mg of vitamin B and the balance of water in each 1000ml of culture solution, and the pH value is 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium C contains 600.0g of cercis negundo wood dust, 180.0g of cercis negundo leaf crushed material, 100.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 100.0g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder and 10.0g of calcium superphosphate in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials;

the culture medium D contains 370g of cercis chinensis waste branch sawdust, 300g of cercis chinensis waste leaf crushed matter, 100g of bagasse, 100.0g of fermented sesame cake fertilizer, 100g of rice bran, 10.0g of gypsum powder, 10.0g of calcium superphosphate and 10.0g of lime in every 1000g of culture medium dry materials;

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edible fungi are Ganoderma, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus Ostreatus, and Pleurotus eryngii.

3. An edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising a culture medium A-1, a culture medium A-2, a culture medium B-1, a culture medium B-2, a culture medium C, a culture medium D, a culture medium E or a culture medium F;

4. The edible fungus culture medium according to claim 3, wherein:

the culture medium B-1 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② potato slices, crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis negundo and fermented sesame cakes are mixed, 600ml of water is added, boiled and kept for 20 minutes, filtered, dregs are removed, and filtered juice is remained; thirdly, adding the weighed fructo-oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, cane sugar and vitamin B1 into the filtrate, mixing, stirring and dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium A-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the saw dust of the waste branches of the cercis ocellata and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; thirdly, adding the weighed peptone, soybean powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide, vitamin B1 and cane sugar into the filtrate, mixing and stirring for dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

the culture medium B-2 is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the components according to the mass; ② mixing the crushed material of the dead leaves of the cercis negundo and the fermented sesame cake fertilizer, adding 700ml of water, boiling, keeping boiling for 10 minutes, filtering, removing slag and leaving filtrate; thirdly, adding the weighed yeast powder, soybean powder, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, fructo-oligosaccharide, vitamin B1 and cane sugar into the filtrate, mixing and stirring for dissolving; adding water into the mixture, and finally adjusting the volume of the culture medium to 1000ml and the pH value to 6.5-7.0;

5. The method of using the edible fungus culture medium of claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

6. The use method according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising fruiting management:

the fruiting period management of the ganoderma sinense or ganoderma lucidum is carried out according to the following steps: placing the fungus bag full of mycelia in a greenhouse sterilized on the ground, opening one end of the bag opening, covering a layer of plastic mulching film on the surface of the fungus bag for 5-7 days, controlling the room temperature at 22-25 deg.C, and lifting the plastic mulching film twice every day for ventilation for 10 min each time;

after the after-ripening is finished, opening the other end of the bag, vertically placing the bag, covering soil on the upward surface of the fungus bag, wherein the soil layer is 1-2CM thick, watering thoroughly after covering the soil, pouring light water once every 3-4 days later, and controlling the temperature of a mushroom house at 28-35 ℃ and the air humidity at 80-90%;

when more than 50% of fungus bags have mushroom buds, spraying water for 3 days until harvesting; stopping spraying water for 5-7 days after each batch of the seeds are harvested;

after the bag is full of oyster mushroom mycelia, continuously placing the oyster mushroom mycelia in a culture room for 5-7 days, and then transporting the oyster mushroom mycelia to a mushroom room for fruiting; after the fungus bags enter the room, stacking the fungus bags in a single-row wall type manner for 5 layers, opening two ends of a bag opening after the fungus bags are stacked, keeping the temperature of the mushroom room at 16-25 ℃, keeping the relative air humidity at 85-90%, ventilating for 2 times every day for 30 minutes every time, and giving diffused light every day; after mushroom primordium is formed on the material surface, continuously maintaining 85-90% of air humidity, and increasing ventilation for 3 times every day, wherein each time lasts for 30 minutes; removing fruiting body residues after the first tide, stopping water, culturing fungi for 7-10 days, keeping mushroom house temperature at 16-25 deg.C, air humidity 85% -95%, ventilating for 2-3 times per day, each time for 30 min;