CN110143837A - A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass - Google Patents
A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110143837A CN110143837A CN201910589957.7A CN201910589957A CN110143837A CN 110143837 A CN110143837 A CN 110143837A CN 201910589957 A CN201910589957 A CN 201910589957A CN 110143837 A CN110143837 A CN 110143837A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- organic fertilizer
- days
- biomass
- preparation process
- mass ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass, preparation process includes mixing, extruding activation, hydro-thermal charing, fermentation, granulation step, the technological parameters such as strict control moisture, temperature, so that peat moss and stalk reinforce the package action of substance in walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin, macromolecular carbochain in molecule also fragments into small molecule carbon under the impact of high pressure nitrogen, has the characteristics that not fertilizer, element be abundant partially, long-acting efficient, good with soil synergistic effect；Method of administration has chosen sapling transplanting, cave applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sprays blade face, four kinds of fertilizing methods of seedbed fertilising.The content of organic matter that organic fertilizer of the present invention includes reaches 46.2%, total nutrient content and reaches 5.7%, and excrement colibacillus group number is 18/g, induced worm egg death rate 98.7%；It is applied in the fertilising of fruit tree, fruiting period shifts to an earlier date number of days and reaches 15 days, and the maturity period shifts to an earlier date number of days and reaches 17 days, and increase of production rate reaches 8.4%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass organic fertilizer technical fields, and in particular to a kind of organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass
And method of administration.
Background technique
In biomass organic fertilizer production technique, the selection of raw material can be various feces of livestock and poultry and various wastes, substantially
The content of formula difference due to the difference of type and equipment.Microecology theories think, are inoculated with a large amount of advantage beneficial microbes
The comprehensive function for adjusting the ecological balance may be played with crops rhizosphere；Plant growth-promoting rhizosphere bacteria theory thinks that inoculation is a large amount of
For beneficial bacterium in crop root, why can promote growth is comprehensive function as a result, being not fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, inhibiting disease
The single effect of opportunistic pathogen or stimulating growth.
The formula and method of biomass organic fertilizer are due to the difference of raw material sources, fermentation process, microbe species and equipment
It is different.The rule of ingredient is: the content of organic matter in total material should be higher than that 30%, preferably 50%~70%；
Carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30~35:1, reaches 15~20:1 after decomposed；PH is between 6~7.5；Moisture content is controlled 30%~70%.
Biological organic fertilizer production technology generally comprises following several respects: raw material pre-treatment, microbe inoculation, fermentation, drying, crushing, sieve
Divide, pack, measure etc..
The patent of publication No. CN108191572A discloses a kind of method that abandoned biomass prepares charcoal base organic fertilizer, will give up
Abandon biomass by hydro-thermal charing be converted into hydro-thermal charcoal, then by hydro-thermal charcoal and organic fertilizer reasonable compatibility, be prepared described in
Charcoal base organic fertilizer.The organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil and improve crop yield, and the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer not only can be improved, and
The efficient circulation for realizing abandoned biomass utilizes.Organic fertilizer still has following problems during preparation, application: 1, not having
Have the control for carrying out stringent size, carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, moisture content so that the parameters of biomass organic fertilizer and
Component content fluctuation range is big, unstable quality；2, the supply of the Major Nutrients substance such as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is considered only,
Not considering can be to other nutriment and microelement that soil fertility and function improve, and can not pass through science and close
The technique of reason makes to play synergistic effect between ingredient, to the taking root of trees crops, transplant, the improvement of growth ability need to be mentioned
It is high；3, in application, it usually needs applied after being mixed again with a large amount of decomposed fertilizer, the heavy metal that will increase in soil contains
Amount, method of administration is big to the harm of soil, trees crops, needs to study and a kind of endangers small, the wide organic fertilizer application of application range
Method.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the organic fertilizer preparation based on biomass that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Technique and method of administration pass through mixing, extruding activation, hydro-thermal charing, fermentation, the processing step being granulated, strict control moisture, temperature
The technological parameters such as degree, so that peat moss and stalk reinforce the package action of substance in walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin, it is big in molecule
Molecule carbon chain also fragments into small molecule carbon under the impact of high pressure nitrogen, and part nitrogen can be adsorbed by hole, and charing material is in
Existing biggish specific surface area and good absorption property microorganism can secret out of humic acid, enzyme and life when decomposing the organic matter
The various biological substances such as long element containing nitrogen, phosphorus needed for plant growth, potassium, and contain the microelements such as Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, tool
Have the characteristics that fertilizer, element be not abundant partially, long-acting efficient, good with soil synergistic effect；
Method of administration has chosen sapling transplanting, cave applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sprays blade face, four kinds of fertilizing methods of seedbed fertilising, application
To during the fertilising of fruit tree, it can significantly shift to an earlier date fruiting period, the maturity period of fruit tree, greatly improve yield.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass, comprising the following steps:
S1, mixing: in parts by weight, take 12~18 parts of walnut kernel skin, 25~32 parts of Grape Skin, 4~10 parts of peat moss,
35~50 parts of stalk, mixture a is mixed evenly to obtain；
S2, extruding activation: mixture a is put into vacuum reaction furnace, in 100~120 DEG C, the vacuum item of -20~-10KPa
Under part, it is filled with water vapour and carries out extruding activation, be filled with 3m in three times3Vapor, be filled with 1m every time3；Drop to furnace pressure-
When 20KPa, natural cooling cools down to obtain activated material；
S3, hydro-thermal charing: activated material is added in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, is filled with 3~5MPa of pressure in nitrogen to kettle；Program
220~240 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation 30~50min of charing is persistently discharged gas reactor and keeps 3~5MPa of pressure；Heating is closed to stir
It mixes, is cooled to room temperature to temperature of charge in kettle, gas is discharged, open kettle cover, take out charing material；
S4, fermentation: charing material 20~30min of high-temperature sterilization at 0.02~0.04MPa, 120~125 DEG C；Charcoal is added
The dry sheep manure for changing 1.2~1.5 times of quality of material, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixture；Adjust mixture moisture content be 55~
65wt% controls pH4.5~6.5, fermentation reactor system decomposed 15~20 days, obtains fermentation material；
S5, granulation: it is added into fermentation material beneficial to microbial inoculum and forming agent, 600~800r/min, 1~2h of high-speed stirred is removed
It is granulated after smelly decolorization.
The present invention is based on the organic fertilizer preparation processes of biomass, it is contemplated that traditional preparation process is by livestock and poultry muck and straw
Stalk is dried, after sterilization treatment, and microbial bacterial agent, decomposed fermentation is added.The technique is on the one hand without carrying out strictly
The control of size, carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, moisture content, so that the parameters of biomass organic fertilizer and component content fluctuation
Range is big, unstable quality；On the other hand the supply for considering only the Major Nutrients substance such as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, does not consider
To can be to other nutriments and microelement that soil fertility and function improve, and scientific and reasonable work can not be passed through
Skill makes to play synergistic effect between ingredient, to the taking root of trees crops, transplant, the improvement of growth ability need to be improved.
The preparation process of organic fertilizer of the present invention, master operation are mixing, extruding activation, hydro-thermal charing, fermentation, are granulated.It is mixed
In material process, walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin, peat moss, stalk are uniformly mixed and are obtained.In four kinds of raw materials, contain in walnut kernel skin
Minerals abundant, vitamin, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, riboflavin, niacin are at low cost and be easy to get to greatly increasing
Minerals and micronutrient levels in organic fertilizer.It is also rich in addition to the vitamin containing basis, polysaccharide in Grape Skin
Polyhydroxy phenol resveratrol, anthocyanidin, tannic acid, these substances contain a large amount of phenols, hydroxyl, carboxyl isopolarity base
Coordination chelatropic reaction can occur with the heavy metal in soil, realize the in-situ passivation of heavy metal for group.Peat moss is rich in
Microorganism, minerals, microelement, mix after drying process with soil, can increase humidity, porosity, the acidity of soil,
Reduce the rate of corrosion of soil.
In extruding activation procedure, it is contemplated that cellulose rich in peat moss, stalk, if it is possible in organic fertilizer system
Make its swollen with increasing specific surface area during standby, more beneficial bacteriums can be loaded, improve the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer.Using
100~120 DEG C, under the vacuum condition of~20~-10KPa, be filled with water vapour and carry out extruding three times and activate, vapor can be made to seep
It penetrates in mixture a, makes cellulose that swollen occur, expand internal void, increasing specific surface area and absorption property.Hydro-thermal charcoal chemical industry
In sequence, it is filled with 3~5MPa of pressure in nitrogen to kettle, temperature programming is to 220~240 DEG C, 30~50min of heat preservation charing；Program liter
Temperature keeps the heating rate of 1-1.5 DEG C/min, and high temperature and pressure removes moisture, the volatile oil wrapped up in mixture internal void, makes
It obtains peat moss and stalk to reinforce the package action of walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin, the macromolecular carbochain in molecule is also in high pressure nitrogen
Impact under fragment into small molecule carbon, part nitrogen can be adsorbed by hole, and biggish specific surface area and good is presented in charing material
Good absorption property.In fermentation procedure, 0.02~0.04MPa, high-temperature sterilization at 120~125 DEG C are added dry sheep manure and are mixed
Material, by strict control water content, pH value, granulation obtains organic fertilizer.Microorganism can secret out of rotten plant when decomposing the organic matter
The various biological substances such as acid, enzyme and auxin, containing nitrogen, phosphorus needed for plant growth, potassium, and it is micro- containing Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu etc.
Secondary element has the characteristics that not fertilizer, element be abundant partially, long-acting efficient, good with soil synergistic effect.
As a further solution of the present invention, the stalk is selected from corn stover, wheat stalk, broomcorn straw, peanut stems
One of stalk, rice straw or a variety of combinations.
As a further solution of the present invention, the walnut kernel skin is pre-processed, detailed process are as follows: by walnut kernel
Skin infiltrates in clear water, is pulverized after air-drying in powdered, puts into vacuum drier, under the negative pressure of -10KPa, be warming up to 100
It is~120 DEG C, 1~2 hour dry；Discharging when being cooled to 40~50 DEG C, be sieved 60~80 mesh of partial size particulate matter.
Walnut kernel skin preprocessing process, by infiltrating, air-dry pulverize, be dried in vacuo, cooling down, being sieved obtains, can after infiltration
To release water soluble macromolecular substance, vacuum drying can prevent the reducing substances in walnut kernel skin to be oxidized, and efficiently remove
Intrapore moisture.
As a further solution of the present invention, the dry sheep manure the preparation method is as follows: fresh sheep dung is pressed with straw charcoal
It is mixed according to mass ratio 1:3~5, decomposing agent is added at room temperature and turn over pushing away with deodorant, control moisture content 50~
60wt% ferments 12~15 days, and 10~13 days decomposed drying times obtained.
Sheep dung 24~27wt% containing organic matter, 0.7~0.8wt% of nitrogen, 0.45~0.6wt% of phosphorus, 0.4~0.5wt% of potassium.
The content of organic matter is more than other animal manures, and excrement matter is thinner, and fertile matter is dense.Fever also falls within hot manure between horsehit and cow dung,
Also referred to as warm manure is applied on sand soil and clay soil, and effect is good.After straw charcoal fermentation maturity, Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium object
Matter is largely adsorbed, and contents of heavy metal elements substantially reduces, and is fermented again after mixing with charing material, can be promoted peat
The absorption of tongue fur, stalk to Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium substance, improves the slow release effect of organic fertilizer.
As a further solution of the present invention, the beneficial microbial inoculum is prepared by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria according to mass ratio 1:1
It forms, the forming agent is formulated by attapulgite, bentonite, humic acid powder according to mass ratio 1:1:2.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of administration of organic fertilizer based on biomass, suitable for above-mentioned based on biomass
The organic fertilizer that organic fertilizer preparation process is prepared, specific as follows:
1) it when cave applies fertilizer to the subsoil, is applied in cave after organic fertilizer is mixed with clear water 1:160-180 in mass ratio, applies 4- per acre
6kg, water blinding；
2) it when seedbed is applied fertilizer, after organic fertilizer is mixed with decomposed liquid dung according to mass ratio 1:150-180, is uniformly applied to
In seedbed；
3) when sapling is transplanted, organic fertilizer and fine earth after 1:3 is mixed in mass ratio, are added a little clear water and stir into slurry,
Sapling root is immersed in slurry, is transplanted after submerging 5-8min；
4) when spraying blade face, organic fertilizer and clear water 1:100-120 in mass ratio are mixed evenly, crocus cloth filtering,
It is packed into spray apparatus, is sprayed on vacuum side of blade.
The method of administration of organic fertilizer based on biomass of the invention, it is contemplated that after biomass organic fertilizer is manured into soil, fit
Under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, it can be bred jointly with Soil Microorganism quickly, form a large amount of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria,
Molecular nitrogen in air is converted to ionic state nitrogen by self-acting by a little nitrogen-fixing bacteria；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria are in itself breeding
In the process, organic acid and carbonic acid are generated, insoluble phosphorus, potassium in soil is dissolved, is allowed to be converted to titanium pigment, potassium for crop and tree
Each site absorption of wood.Meanwhile these mushrooms in reproductive process with beneficial microbe collective effect in soil, gradually change soil
Physicochemical character, improve the content of organic matter.To sum up, inventor has carried out a large amount of research to amount of application, proportion, site of administration,
Have chosen sapling transplanting, cave apply fertilizer to the subsoil, spray blade face, seedbed fertilising four kinds of fertilizing methods, be especially applied to applying for fruit tree
During fertilizer, it can significantly shift to an earlier date fruiting period, the maturity period of fruit tree, greatly improve yield.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, organic fertilizer preparation process of the invention based on biomass, master operation are mixing, extruding activation, hydro-thermal
Charing, is granulated fermentation.In compounding process, walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin, peat moss, stalk are uniformly mixed and are obtained；Extruding activation
In process, it is filled with water vapour and carries out extruding activation three times, vapor permeation can be made to enter in mixture, moisten cellulose
It is swollen, expand internal void, increasing specific surface area and absorption property；Hydro-thermal carbonizes in process, and temperature programming keeps 1-1.5 DEG C/min
Heating rate, high temperature and pressure removes the moisture, the volatile oil that wrap up in mixture internal void, so that peat moss and stalk are to core
Peach kernel skin, Grape Skin package action reinforce, the macromolecular carbochain in molecule also fragments into small point under the impact of high pressure nitrogen
Sub- carbon, part nitrogen can be adsorbed by hole, and biggish specific surface area and good absorption property is presented in charing material；Fermentation work
In sequence, dry sheep manure is added and obtains mixture, by strict control water content, pH value, granulation obtains organic fertilizer.Microorganism is being decomposed
When the organic matter, the various biological substances such as humic acid, enzyme and auxin can be secreted out of, containing nitrogen, phosphorus needed for plant growth,
Potassium, and containing the microelements such as Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, has not partially that fertilizer, element be abundant, long-acting efficient, good with soil synergistic effect
The characteristics of.The content of organic matter that the organic fertilizer includes reaches 46.2%, total nutrient content and reaches 5.7%, and excrement colibacillus group number is
18/g, induced worm egg death rate 98.7%；It is applied in the fertilising of fruit tree, fruiting period shifts to an earlier date number of days and reaches 15 days, and the maturity period mentions
Preceding number of days reaches 17 days, and increase of production rate reaches 8.4%.
2, in organic fertilizer raw material of the invention, minerals rich in, vitamin, carbohydrate in walnut kernel skin,
Calcium, phosphorus, iron, riboflavin, niacin, it is at low cost and be easy to get to greatly increasing the minerals and micronutrient levels in organic fertilizer；
In addition to the vitamin containing basis, polysaccharide, Polyhydroxy phenol resveratrol also rich in, cyanine in Grape Skin
Element, tannic acid, these substances contain a large amount of phenols, hydroxyl, carboxyl isopolarity group, can match with the heavy metal in soil
Position chelatropic reaction, realizes the in-situ passivation of heavy metal；Peat moss microorganism rich in, minerals, microelement, in drying
It is mixed after processing with soil, humidity, porosity, the acidity of soil can be increased, reduce the rate of corrosion of soil.
3, the present invention is based on the organic fertilizer application methods of biomass, it is contemplated that after biomass organic fertilizer is manured into soil, is suitable for
Under temperature and humidity conditions, it can be bred jointly with Soil Microorganism quickly, form a large amount of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, a bit
Molecular nitrogen in air is converted to ionic state nitrogen by self-acting by nitrogen-fixing bacteria；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria are in itself breeding
Cheng Zhong generates organic acid and carbonic acid, dissolves insoluble phosphorus, potassium in soil, is allowed to be converted to titanium pigment, potassium for crop and trees
Each site absorption；A large amount of research has been carried out to amount of application, proportion, site of administration, has had chosen sapling transplanting, cave applies fertilizer to the subsoil, sprays
Apply blade face, seedbed fertilising four kinds of fertilizing methods, be applied to during the fertilising of fruit tree, can significantly shift to an earlier date fruit tree fruiting period,
Maturity period greatly improves yield.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass that the present embodiment provides a kind of, comprising the following steps:
S1, mixing: in parts by weight, taking 16 parts of walnut kernel skin, 29 parts of Grape Skin, 7 parts of peat moss, 46 parts of stalk, mixes
Conjunction stirs evenly to obtain mixture a；Stalk is mixed by corn stover and wheat stalk according to mass ratio 1:2.Walnut kernel skin needs
It is pre-processed, detailed process are as follows: by the infiltration of walnut kernel skin in clear water, pulverized after air-drying in powdered, investment vacuum is dry
In dry machine, under the negative pressure of -10KPa, 115 DEG C are warming up to, drying 1.2 hours；Discharging when being cooled to 46 DEG C, be sieved to obtain partial size 60
The particulate matter of~80 mesh.
S2, extruding activation: mixture a is put into vacuum reaction furnace, under 110 DEG C, the vacuum condition of -15KPa, is filled with water
Steam carries out extruding activation, is filled with 3m in three times3Vapor, be filled with 1m every time3；It is naturally cold when furnace pressure drops to -20KPa
But cooling obtains activated material；
S3, hydro-thermal charing: activated material is added in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, is filled with pressure 3.7MPa in nitrogen to kettle；Program
235 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation charing 45min is persistently discharged gas reactor and keeps pressure 3.7MPa；Heating stirring is closed, in kettle
Temperature of charge is cooled to room temperature, and gas is discharged, and opens kettle cover, takes out charing material；
S4, fermentation: charing material high-temperature sterilization 25min at 0.032MPa, 122 DEG C；1.4 times of quality of material of charing is added
Dry sheep manure, be uniformly mixing to obtain mixture；The moisture content for adjusting mixture is 60wt%, controls pH5.8, and fermentation reactor system is rotten
Ripe 18 days, obtain fermentation material；Dry sheep manure the preparation method is as follows: fresh sheep dung is mixed with straw charcoal according to mass ratio 1:4.5
Decomposing agent is added at room temperature and turn over pushing away with deodorant, controls moisture content 56wt%, ferments 14 days, when decomposed dry for stirring
Between obtain within 12 days.
S5, granulation: it is added into fermentation material beneficial to microbial inoculum and forming agent, 700r/min high-speed stirred 1.5h, deodorization and discoloration
It is granulated after processing.It is formulated by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria according to mass ratio 1:1 beneficial to microbial inoculum, forming agent is by concave convex rod
Soil, bentonite, humic acid powder are formulated according to mass ratio 1:1:2.
Embodiment 2
The organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass that the present embodiment provides a kind of, comprising the following steps:
S1, mixing: in parts by weight, taking 15 parts of walnut kernel skin, 30 parts of Grape Skin, 8 parts of peat moss, 45 parts of stalk, mixes
Conjunction stirs evenly to obtain mixture a；Stalk is mixed by corn stover, broomcorn straw, rice straw according to mass ratio 1:1:1.
Walnut kernel skin is pre-processed, detailed process are as follows: by the infiltration of walnut kernel skin in clear water, pulverized after air-drying in powdered,
It puts into vacuum drier, under the negative pressure of -10KPa, is warming up to 108 DEG C, drying 1.8 hours；Discharging when being cooled to 48 DEG C, mistake
Sieve 60~80 mesh of partial size particulate matter.
S2, extruding activation: mixture a is put into vacuum reaction furnace, under 115 DEG C, the vacuum condition of -16KPa, is filled with water
Steam carries out extruding activation, is filled with 3m in three times3Vapor, be filled with 1m every time3；It is naturally cold when furnace pressure drops to -20KPa
But cooling obtains activated material；
S3, hydro-thermal charing: activated material is added in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, is filled with pressure 4.5MPa in nitrogen to kettle；Program
235 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation charing 42min is persistently discharged gas reactor and keeps pressure 4.5MPa；Heating stirring is closed, in kettle
Temperature of charge is cooled to room temperature, and gas is discharged, and opens kettle cover, takes out charing material；
S4, fermentation: charing material high-temperature sterilization 25min at 0.026MPa, 123 DEG C；1.3 times of quality of material of charing is added
Dry sheep manure, be uniformly mixing to obtain mixture；The moisture content for adjusting mixture is 62wt%, controls pH6, fermentation reactor system is decomposed
18 days, obtain fermentation material；Dry sheep manure is stirred the preparation method is as follows: fresh sheep dung is mixed with straw charcoal according to mass ratio 1:4.6
It mixes, decomposing agent is added at room temperature and turn over pushing away with deodorant, controls moisture content 58wt%, ferments 14 days, decomposed drying time
It obtains within 12 days.
S5, granulation: it is added into fermentation material beneficial to microbial inoculum and forming agent, 780r/min high-speed stirred 1.5h, deodorization and discoloration
It is granulated after processing.It is formulated by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria according to mass ratio 1:1 beneficial to microbial inoculum, forming agent is by concave convex rod
Soil, bentonite, humic acid powder are formulated according to mass ratio 1:1:2.
Embodiment 3
The organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass that the present embodiment provides a kind of, comprising the following steps:
S1, mixing: in parts by weight, taking 18 parts of walnut kernel skin, 31 parts of Grape Skin, 9 parts of peat moss, 48 parts of stalk, mixes
Conjunction stirs evenly to obtain mixture a；Stalk is by wheat stalk, broomcorn straw, peanut straw, rice straw according to mass ratio 1:1:1:
1 mixes.Walnut kernel skin is pre-processed, detailed process are as follows: by the infiltration of walnut kernel skin in clear water, is pulverized after air-drying
It in powdered, puts into vacuum drier, under the negative pressure of -10KPa, is warming up to 115 DEG C, it is 1.8 hours dry；It is cooled to 48 DEG C
When discharge, be sieved 60~80 mesh of partial size particulate matter.
S2, extruding activation: mixture a is put into vacuum reaction furnace, under 120 DEG C, the vacuum condition of -16KPa, is filled with water
Steam carries out extruding activation, is filled with 3m in three times3Vapor, be filled with 1m every time3；It is naturally cold when furnace pressure drops to -20KPa
But cooling obtains activated material；
S3, hydro-thermal charing: activated material is added in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, is filled with pressure 4.2MPa in nitrogen to kettle；Program
235 DEG C are warming up to, heat preservation charing 46min is persistently discharged gas reactor and keeps pressure 4.2MPa；Heating stirring is closed, in kettle
Temperature of charge is cooled to room temperature, and gas is discharged, and opens kettle cover, takes out charing material；
S4, fermentation: charing material high-temperature sterilization 28min at 0.035MPa, 125 DEG C；1.5 times of quality of material of charing is added
Dry sheep manure, be uniformly mixing to obtain mixture；The moisture content for adjusting mixture is 62wt%, controls pH6.5, and fermentation reactor system is rotten
Ripe 18 days, obtain fermentation material；Dry sheep manure the preparation method is as follows: fresh sheep dung is mixed with straw charcoal according to mass ratio 1:4.5
Decomposing agent is added at room temperature and turn over pushing away with deodorant, controls moisture content 60wt%, ferments 15 days, when decomposed dry for stirring
Between obtain within 13 days.
S5, granulation: it is added into fermentation material beneficial to microbial inoculum and forming agent, 800r/min high-speed stirred 1.8h, deodorization and discoloration
It is granulated after processing.It is formulated by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria according to mass ratio 1:1 beneficial to microbial inoculum, forming agent is by concave convex rod
Soil, bentonite, humic acid powder are formulated according to mass ratio 1:1:2.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, step S1 is not added with walnut kernel skin to this comparative example.
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 1, step S1 is not added with Grape Skin to this comparative example.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 1, the activation of step S2 extruding is not filled with vapor to this comparative example.
Comparative example 4
Compared with Example 1, step S3 is filled in kettle pressure to 2.5MPa to this comparative example, and continues gas reactor is discharged and protect
Hold pressure 2.5MPa.
Organic fertilizer Indexs measure
According to the test method in professional standard NY 525-2012, the butt content of organic matter, total nutrient content are detected, is pressed
Whether meet regulation according to professional standard NY 525-2012 detection As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg content of beary metal, and carries out excrement large intestine
The detection of flora number and induced worm egg death rate, specific test result are shown in Table 1:
1. organic fertilizer Indexs measure of table
As can be seen from the above table, the content of organic matter in the embodiment of the present invention, total nutrient content, induced worm egg death rate are higher than
Comparative example, content of beary metal meet regulation, and excrement colibacillus group number is respectively less than 100, and the content of organic matter reaches 46.2%, total nutrient
Content reaches 5.7%, and excrement colibacillus group number is 18/g, induced worm egg death rate 98.7%.Illustrate of the invention organic fat
It imitates, long-acting efficient, is conducive to the growth of crops and trees.Comparative example 3 is not filled with vapor, in stalk and peat moss
For cellulose there is no abundant swollen, internal void expands not significant enough package action reduction to walnut kernel skin, Grape Skin,
The content of organic matter and total nutrient content reduce significant.
Fertilizer efficiency experiment
7 regions, each regional soil surface area about 8m are set2, carry out the apple tree that identical quantity kind is Fuji apple
Fertilising, respectively apply embodiment 1-3, comparative example 1-4 preparation biomass organic fertilizer.When sapling is transplanted, by organic fertilizer and carefully
After soil 1:3 in mass ratio mixing, a little clear water is added and stirs into slurry, sapling root is immersed in slurry, after submerging 5-8min
It is transplanted；When spraying blade face, organic fertilizer and clear water 1:100-120 in mass ratio are mixed evenly, crocus cloth filtering, dress
Enter spray apparatus, is sprayed on vacuum side of blade.For statistics relative to traditional Fuji apple's creation data, fruiting period shifts to an earlier date number of days, maturity period
In advance number of days, increase of production rate average value, specific experiment the results are shown in Table 2:
Table 2. applies fertilizer efficiency experiment
| Project | Fruiting period shifts to an earlier date number of days | Maturity period shifts to an earlier date number of days | Increase of production rate/% |
| Embodiment 1 | 15 days | 17 days | 8.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | 15 days | 16 days | 8.1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 16 days | 16 days | 8.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12 days | 13 days | 5.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 11 days | 12 days | 5.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 10 days | 10 days | 4.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 13 days | 15 days | 6.4 |
As can be seen from the above table, the organic fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention, after the transplanting and foliage dressing for being administered to apple tree,
It significantly is advanced by fruiting period and maturity period, while yield also keeps stable growth rate, is suitble to be applied in the fertilising of fruit tree.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means
Particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one implementation of the invention
In example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.
Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples to close
Suitable mode combines.
Above content is only citing made for the present invention and explanation, affiliated those skilled in the art are to being retouched
The specific embodiment stated does various modifications or additions or is substituted in a similar manner, and without departing from invention or surpasses
More range defined in the claims, is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of organic fertilizer preparation process based on biomass, which comprises the following steps:
S1, mixing: in parts by weight, 12~18 parts of walnut kernel skin, 25~32 parts of Grape Skin, 4~10 parts of peat moss, stalk are taken
35~50 parts, mixture a is mixed evenly to obtain；
S2, extruding activation: mixture a is put into vacuum reaction furnace, under 100~120 DEG C, the vacuum condition of -20~-10KPa,
It is filled with water vapour and carries out extruding activation, be filled with 3m in three times3Vapor, be filled with 1m every time3；When furnace pressure drops to -20KPa,
Natural cooling cools down to obtain activated material；
S3, hydro-thermal charing: activated material is added in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, is filled with 3~5MPa of pressure in nitrogen to kettle；Temperature programming
To 220~240 DEG C, heat preservation 30~50min of charing is persistently discharged gas reactor and keeps 3~5MPa of pressure；Heating stirring is closed,
It is cooled to room temperature to temperature of charge in kettle, gas is discharged, open kettle cover, take out charing material；
S4, fermentation: charing material 20~30min of high-temperature sterilization at 0.02~0.04MPa, 120~125 DEG C；Carbide is added
The dry sheep manure of 1.2~1.5 times of quality of material, is uniformly mixing to obtain mixture；The moisture content for adjusting mixture is 55~65wt%,
PH4.5~6.5 are controlled, fermentation reactor system decomposed 15~20 days, obtain fermentation material；
S5, granulation: it is added into fermentation material beneficial to microbial inoculum and forming agent, 600~800r/min, 1~2h of high-speed stirred, deodorization is de-
It is granulated after color processing.
2. the organic fertilizer preparation process according to claim 1 based on biomass, which is characterized in that the stalk is selected from jade
One of rice stalk, wheat stalk, broomcorn straw, peanut straw, rice straw or a variety of combinations.
3. the organic fertilizer preparation process according to claim 1 based on biomass, which is characterized in that the walnut kernel skin needs
It is pre-processed, detailed process are as follows: by the infiltration of walnut kernel skin in clear water, pulverized after air-drying in powdered, investment vacuum is dry
In dry machine, under the negative pressure of -10KPa, 100~120 DEG C are warming up to, drying 1~2 hour；Discharging when being cooled to 40~50 DEG C, mistake
Sieve 60~80 mesh of partial size particulate matter.
4. the organic fertilizer preparation process according to claim 1 based on biomass, which is characterized in that the system of the dry sheep manure
Preparation Method is as follows: fresh sheep dung and straw charcoal being mixed according to mass ratio 1:3~5, decomposing agent and deodorization are added at room temperature
Agent turn over pushing away, and controls 50~60wt% of moisture content, ferments 12~15 days, 10~13 days decomposed drying times obtained.
5. the organic fertilizer preparation process according to claim 1 based on biomass, which is characterized in that the beneficial microbial inoculum by
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria are formulated according to mass ratio 1:1, the forming agent by attapulgite, bentonite, humic acid powder according to
Mass ratio 1:1:2 is formulated.
6. it is described in any item based on biology to be suitable for claim 1-5 for a kind of method of administration of the organic fertilizer based on biomass
The organic fertilizer that the organic fertilizer preparation process of matter is prepared, which is characterized in that specific as follows:
1) it when cave applies fertilizer to the subsoil, is applied in cave after organic fertilizer is mixed with clear water 1:160-180 in mass ratio, applies 4-6kg per acre, pour
Water cover soil；
2) when seedbed is applied fertilizer, after organic fertilizer is mixed with decomposed liquid dung according to mass ratio 1:150-180, it is uniformly applied to seedbed
It is interior；
3) when sapling is transplanted, organic fertilizer and fine earth after 1:3 is mixed in mass ratio, are added a little clear water and stir into slurry, sapling
Root submerges in the slurry, is transplanted after submerging 5-8min；
4) when spraying blade face, organic fertilizer and clear water 1:100-120 in mass ratio are mixed evenly, crocus cloth filtering is packed into
Spray apparatus is sprayed on vacuum side of blade.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910589957.7A CN110143837A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910589957.7A CN110143837A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110143837A true CN110143837A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
Family
ID=67597048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910589957.7A Pending CN110143837A (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110143837A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108752133A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of preparation and its application of multifunction soil improver |
| CN110511073A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method of indissoluble phosphor effectuation |
| CN110724014A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-24 | 同济大学 | Hydrothermal carbonization coupled ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103979534A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-13 | 石家庄金太阳生物有机肥有限公司 | Active carbon preparing method by adopting walnut shell as raw material and application of the active carbon |
| CN107935723A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-04-20 | 柳州市合联农业有限公司 | A kind of romaine lettuce plantation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108840775A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-20 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of organic agriculture charcoal base manure material and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-07-02 CN CN201910589957.7A patent/CN110143837A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103979534A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-13 | 石家庄金太阳生物有机肥有限公司 | Active carbon preparing method by adopting walnut shell as raw material and application of the active carbon |
| CN107935723A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-04-20 | 柳州市合联农业有限公司 | A kind of romaine lettuce plantation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108840775A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-20 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of organic agriculture charcoal base manure material and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108752133A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of preparation and its application of multifunction soil improver |
| CN110511073A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method of indissoluble phosphor effectuation |
| CN110511073B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-11-30 | 东北农业大学 | Method for effectively dissolving insoluble phosphorus |
| CN110724014A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-24 | 同济大学 | Hydrothermal carbonization coupled ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106242892A (en) | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106083493A (en) | A kind of composite microbiological fertilizer reducing Nicotiana tabacum L. underground pest and disease damage and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2013109153A1 (en) | Microbial organic fertilizers and methods of producing thereof | |
| CN106083453A (en) | A kind of biomass organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110143837A (en) | A kind of organic fertilizer preparation process and method of administration based on biomass | |
| WO2014025275A2 (en) | Fertilizer with controlled components release, fertilizer with controlled components release production method and method of fertilizer application | |
| CN107721658A (en) | A kind of fertilizer synergistic conditioning agent and its production method | |
| CN104045401B (en) | A kind of tea tree compound fertilizer special containing tung oil | |
| CN107384429A (en) | For alleviating the soil conditioner and its preparation and application of apple bitter pit | |
| CN107954780A (en) | A kind of salt-soda soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110330388A (en) | A kind of tomato charcoal base organic fertilizer and its production method | |
| CN107188748A (en) | The preparation method of the nuisanceless special fertilizer of Queensland nut | |
| CN114524696A (en) | Organic-inorganic composite (mixed) fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| EP2828225B1 (en) | Method for composting spent mushroom compost | |
| CN105330480A (en) | Moisturizing and soil moisture preserving soil remediation fertilizer | |
| CN104803778A (en) | Method for producing bio-organic fertilizer from pleuratus ferulae waste mushroom residue | |
| CN106518188A (en) | Production method of special fertilizer for sugarcane | |
| CN105906450A (en) | Functional biological compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105993479A (en) | Eggplant planting method with biogas slurry as fertilizer source | |
| CN105218218A (en) | A kind of compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108586159A (en) | A kind of agricultural planting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110498702A (en) | A kind of root tuber tuberous vegetable special organic nutrient solution for cultivating fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109721432A (en) | A kind of alkalescent fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108484333A (en) | A kind of ecology organic chemical fertilizer | |
| CN107226757A (en) | A kind of carbon enzyme functional compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190820 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |