CN110122093B

CN110122093B - Cultivation method of annular elm and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110122093B
Application number: CN201910501136.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭锁胜; 郭睿哲; 岳江鑫; 郭艳宏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-06-11
Filing date: 2019-06-11
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-11
Also published as: CN110122093A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of garden modeling tree species cultivation methods, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of an annular elm and application thereof, wherein the cultivation method of the annular elm comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a common elm with the height of 3 meters as a stock, and selecting a proper vertical elm scion for grafting according to the application of the elm; (2) after the elm grows out, the needed branch is left to form a elm ring, and the rest branches are cut off in the germination period, (3) a common elm scion is grafted on the elm branch, the eudipleural common elm scion is kept to grow upwards in a balanced manner, and finally the tree is formed. The invention solves the problem of single shape of elm in the city, which can not only make elm green, but also enhance the decoration feeling in the city, and the invention uses the vertical elm ring as the annular seat to further develop the value of elm.

Description

Cultivation method of annular elm and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garden modeling tree species cultivation methods, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of an annular elm and application thereof.

Background

Elm is a positive tree species, is light-loving, drought-enduring, cold-resistant, barren-resistant, does not select soil, has strong adaptability, and can thrive even under different climatic conditions on the vast country soil in China. The root system is developed, and the wind resistance and the soil conservation are strong. Has the advantages of pollution resistance and strong dust retention capability on leaf surfaces. Not only can improve the oxygen concentration through photosynthesis, but also is a good medicine for serious air quality problems in urban construction. In addition, the elm has the characteristics of strong germination, pruning resistance, fast growth and long service life.

However, the elm plant in the current city has no shape, cannot well decorate the city, and has single use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cultivation method of a ring elm and application thereof aiming at the problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a cultivation method of ring elms comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the ulmus pumila by adopting a grafting method: in spring, selecting a robust and disease and insect pest-free branch growing on annual elm as a scion, shearing the elm scion before germination, sand-storing the elm scion in the field under natural conditions, taking out the elm scion before grafting, soaking the elm scion in water for 24 hours, then shearing the branch into branch sections with l-2 buds, sealing the cut wound with paraffin for standby as the scion, selecting a common elm during grafting, shearing or sawing the newly germinated common elm branch to serve as a stock, cutting the lower end of the scion into a horse ear-shaped large inclined plane, prying the cortex of the stock with a knife or hand on the windward side of the stock, facing the cut large inclined plane of the scion to the xylem of the stock, inserting the cut large inclined plane of the scion into the large inclined plane of the stock for one time until the large inclined plane of the scion does not appear white, and then binding the grafted part with a plastic bag;

(2) after the branch of the grafted slippery elm grows out, reserving the branch to form a circular ring to form a slippery elm ring;

(3) grafting the common elm branch by adopting a bud grafting method: after the elm ring is formed, a common elm branch is grafted on a branch head of the elm branch, a branch which grows robustly and is free from diseases and insect pests is selected as a scion in the growing season, when grafting is carried out, the scion and the elm stock are required to be close in thickness, 1-2 cm below the scion bud and 1-2 cm above the bud, a grafting surface in a date core shape is cut, the scion and the elm stock are less in wood, a cut wound with the same size as the scion is cut on the upper portion of the elm, the cut scion is placed on the wound of the stock, the scion and the elm liquid are adhered together through the viscosity of the elm liquid, then the scion and the elm branch are tightly bound through a plastic bag, and the common elm branch grows upwards to form a tree.

Further, the ring of the ulmus pumila in the step (2) is divided into monocyclic ring, bicyclic ring and polycyclic ring, wherein the monocyclic ring is: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, one branch is left to form a circular ring, the rest branches are removed immediately in the germination period, and the formed circular ring is fixed by a circular iron wire with the same size; a double-ring elm: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, left and right branches in the same plane are respectively reserved to form a circular ring or a branch is reserved to form an 8 shape, so that two circular rings are formed, the rest branches are removed immediately at the sprouting stage, and the formed two circular rings are bound on a circular ring iron wire for fixing; polycyclic elm: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, at least three branches are left to form rings respectively, the rest branches are removed immediately in the germination period, and the formed rings are tied on ring iron wires respectively for fixing.

And (3) further, keeping balance of the grafted common elm branches in the process that the common elm branches which are symmetrical to each other from left to right grow upwards, if the common elm branches are not balanced, pinching and keeping secondary tips on strong branches or removing the secondary tips and keeping the cores, and keeping all the branches on weak branches, and after balancing, removing redundant branches to reduce photosynthesis of the elm by reducing the area and the leaves of the branches, so that the growth speed of the elm branches is slowed down, the two branches are kept in balanced growth for a long time, and the shape of a vertical elm ring is kept not deformed.

Furthermore, the vertical elm ring can be grown for 1-2 years according to the required diameter of the ring.

Furthermore, when the ulmus pumila scions are grafted in the step (1), a plurality of ulmus pumila scions can be grafted at the same time.

Furthermore, when the vertical elm is grafted in the step (1), a bud grafting method can be adopted for grafting, and when the common elm branch is grafted in the step (3), a branch grafting method can be adopted for grafting.

An application of annular elm in annular seat or ornamental tree is disclosed.

Further, when the annular elm is used for the annular seat, the height of a stock of a common elm for grafting the vertical elm is 0.5-0.6 m, the grafting height of a scion of the vertical elm is 0.4-0.5 m away from the ground, and a formed vertical elm ring is horizontally arranged; when the annular elm is used for appreciation, the height of a common elm stock for grafting the vertical elm is 2.5-3 m, the grafting height of the vertical elm scion is 2-3 m away from the ground, and the formed vertical elm ring is vertically arranged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the annular elm of the invention not only can play a role of greening the city, but also can make the city more ornamental;

2. the grafted common elm branches which are symmetrical left and right keep balance all the time in the growth process, and the shape of a vertical elm ring can be well kept without deformation;

3. the invention further develops the value of elms by using the vertical elm ring as an annular seat;

4. the invention can adjust the size and the number of the vertical elm rings and change the shape of the annular elm, so that the shape of the annular elm has the characteristic of diversification.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.

Example 1

A cultivation method of ring elms comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the ulmus pumila by adopting a grafting method: in spring, selecting a robust and disease and insect pest-free branch growing on annual elm as a scion, shearing the elm scion before germination, sand-storing the elm scion in the field under natural conditions, taking out the elm scion before grafting, soaking the elm scion in water for 24 hours, then shearing the branch into branch sections with one bud, sealing the cut wound with paraffin to be used as the scion for standby, selecting a common elm during grafting, shearing or sawing the branch of the newly germinated common elm to be used as a stock, cutting the lower end of the scion into a horse ear-shaped large inclined plane, prying the cortex of the stock with a knife or hand, facing the cut large inclined plane of the scion to the woody part of the stock, inserting the cut large inclined plane of the scion one time until the large inclined plane of the scion does not appear white, and then binding the grafted part with a plastic bag;

(2) after the branch of the grafted vertical elm grows out, a branch is reserved to form a circular ring, the rest branches are removed immediately in the sprouting period, the formed circular ring is fixed by a circular ring iron wire with the same size to form a vertical elm ring, and the vertical elm ring is grown for 1 year;

(3) grafting the common elm branch by adopting a bud grafting method: after the ring of the vertical elm is formed, grafting the branch of the common elm on the head of the branch of the vertical elm, selecting the robust branch without diseases and insect pests as a scion in the growing season, when grafting, requiring the thickness of the scion to be close to that of the stock of the vertical elm, 1 cm below the scion bud, 1 cm above the bud, cutting into a grafted surface in a jujube core shape, less wood, immediately cutting into a wound with the same size as the scion on the upper part of the stock of the vertical elm, placing the cut scion on the wound of the stock, adhering the scion together through the viscosity of elm liquid, binding the scion tightly by using a plastic bag, enabling the branch of the common elm to grow upwards to form a tree, keeping balance in the process of upward growth of the common elm which is symmetrical left and right, if the branch is not balanced, pinching and keeping secondary tips on a strong branch, keeping all branches on a weak branch, and removing redundant branches after balancing to reduce the photosynthesis of the elm by reducing the area and leaves, thereby slowing down the growth speed of the elm branches, keeping the two branches to grow in balance for a long time, and keeping the shape of the vertical elm ring not to deform.

The application of the annular elm is used for an annular seat, the height of a common elm stock for grafting the vertical elm is 0.5 m, the grafting height of a scion of the vertical elm is 0.4 m away from the ground, and the formed vertical elm ring is horizontally arranged.

Example 2

A cultivation method of ring elms comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the ulmus pumila by adopting a grafting method: in spring, selecting a robust and disease and insect pest-free branch growing on annual elm as a scion, shearing the elm scion before germination, sand-storing the elm scion in the field under natural conditions, taking out the elm scion before grafting, soaking the elm scion in water for 24 hours, then shearing the branch into branch sections with one bud, sealing the cut wound with paraffin to be used as the scion for standby, selecting a common elm to cut or saw the branch of the newly germinated common elm to be used as a stock during grafting, cutting the lower end of the scion into a horse ear-shaped large inclined plane, prying the cortex of the stock with a knife or hand, facing the cut large inclined plane of the scion to the woody stock, inserting the stock into the large inclined plane of the scion one time until the large inclined plane of the scion does not appear white, and then binding the grafted part with a plastic bag;

(2) after the branch of the vertical elm to be grafted grows out, the left branch and the right branch in the same plane are reserved to form two rings respectively, so that the two rings are formed, the rest branches are removed immediately in the germination period, the formed two rings are tied on a ring iron wire to be fixed, the vertical elm ring is formed, and the vertical elm ring is grown for 2 years;

The application of the annular elm is used for ornamental trees, the height of a stock of a common elm for grafting the vertical elm is 2.5 meters, the grafting height of a scion of the vertical elm is 2 meters away from the ground, and the formed vertical elm ring is vertically arranged.

Example 3

A cultivation method of ring elms comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the ulmus pumila by adopting a bud grafting method: in the growing season, selecting strong and disease and insect pest-free branches grown on annual elms as scions, then cutting the branches into branch sections with 2 buds, selecting common elms to cut or saw off the branches of the newly germinated common elms as stocks, cutting the lower ends of the scions into horse-ear-shaped large inclined planes, immediately prying the cortex of the stocks on the windward side of the stocks by a knife or a hand, facing the cut large inclined planes of the scions to the xylem of the stocks, inserting the scions into the stocks at one time until the large inclined planes of the scions are not exposed, and then binding grafting parts by plastic bags;

(2) after the grafted vertical elm grows out of the branch, reserving one branch to form an 8-shaped branch so as to form two circular rings, removing the rest branches immediately in the germination period, binding the formed two circular rings on a circular ring iron wire for fixing to form a vertical elm ring, and growing the vertical elm ring for 1 year;

(3) grafting the common elm branch by adopting a bud grafting method: after the ring of the elm is formed, grafting the common elm branch on the head of the elm branch, in spring, shearing the common elm scion before germination, sand-storing under the natural condition in the field, taking out the sand before grafting, soaking in water for 24 hours, taking out, when grafting, requiring the scion to be close to the rootstock of the elm, 2 cm below the scion bud, 2 cm above the bud, cutting into a grafting surface in a jujube kernel shape, with little wood, immediately cutting into a wound with the same size as the scion on the upper part of the elm of the rootstock, placing the cut scion on the wound of the rootstock, sticking the cut scion together through the viscosity of elm sap, binding tightly and tightly by using a plastic bag, growing the common elm upwards to form a tree, keeping balance in the process that the common elm symmetrical left and right grows upwards, if the branch is unbalanced, removing the secondary shoot on the strong branch, and keeping the weak branch completely, after balancing, removing the redundant branches to reduce photosynthesis of the elms by reducing the area and the leaves of the branches, so that the growth speed of the elm branches is reduced, the two branches are kept to grow in balance for a long time, and the shape of the vertical elm ring is kept not to deform.

The application of the annular elm is used for an annular seat, the height of a common elm stock for grafting the vertical elm is 0.5 m, the grafting height of a scion of the vertical elm is 0.5 m away from the ground, and the formed vertical elm ring is horizontally arranged.

Example 4

A cultivation method of ring elms comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the ulmus pumila by adopting a grafting method: in the growing season, selecting strong and disease and insect pest-free branches grown on annual elms as scions, then cutting the branches into branch sections with 2 buds, selecting common elms to cut or saw off the branches of the newly germinated common elms as stocks, cutting the lower ends of the scions into horse-ear-shaped large inclined planes, immediately prying the cortex of the stocks on the windward side of the stocks by a knife or a hand, facing the cut large inclined planes of the scions to the xylem of the stocks, inserting the scions into the stocks at one time until the large inclined planes of the scions are not exposed, and then binding grafting parts by plastic bags;

(2) after growing branches of the grafted vertical elm, reserving at least three branches to form circular rings respectively, removing the rest branches immediately at the sprouting stage, binding the formed circular rings on circular ring iron wires respectively for fixing to form vertical elm rings, and growing the vertical elm rings for 2 years;

The application of the annular elm is used for ornamental trees, the height of a stock of a common elm for grafting the vertical elm is 3 meters, the grafting height of a scion of the vertical elm is 3 meters away from the ground, and the formed vertical elm ring is vertically arranged.

In the above embodiment, when the scion grafting method is adopted, the grafting time is the germination period of the elm in spring, and when the scion grafting method is adopted, the grafting time is the growth period of the elm in summer.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of ring elms is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting strong branches without diseases and insect pests growing on annual elms as scions, cutting the elm scions before sprouting, sand-storing the elms under the natural condition in the field, taking out the elms from the sand-storing area before grafting, soaking the elms in water for 24 hours, then cutting the branches into branch sections with l-2 buds, sealing cut wounds with paraffin for standby use as the scions, selecting common elms during grafting, cutting or sawing the branches of the just-germinated common elms to serve as stocks, cutting the lower ends of the scions into horse-ear-shaped large inclined planes, prying the cortex of the stocks on the windward side of the stocks immediately, facing the cut large inclined planes of the scions to the woody parts of the stocks, inserting the stocks into the stocks at one time until the large inclined planes of the scions do not appear white, and then binding the grafting parts with plastic bags;

(3) after the elm ring is formed, a common elm branch is grafted on a branch head of the elm branch, in spring, a branch which grows robustly and is free of diseases and insect pests is selected as a scion, the common elm scion is cut off before sprouting, sand is stored under the field natural condition, before grafting, the scion is taken out of sand, and is soaked in water for 24 hours and taken out, when grafting, the thickness of the scion is required to be close to that of a stock, 1 cm to 2 cm is arranged below the scion bud, 1 cm to 2 cm is arranged on the bud, a grafting surface which is cut into a date core shape is provided with little wood, a cut wound which is the same as the size of the scion is immediately arranged on the upper part of the elm branch, the cut scion the wound of the stock is placed on the wound and is adhered together through the viscosity of elm liquid, then the cut scion is bound tightly by a plastic bag, and the common elm branch grows upwards to form the tree.

2. A cultivation method of a ring elm as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ring of the ulmus pumila in the step (2) is divided into a single ring, a double ring and multiple rings, wherein the single ring is as follows: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, one branch is left to form a circular ring, the rest branches are removed immediately in the germination period, and the formed circular ring is fixed by a circular iron wire with the same size; a double-ring elm: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, left and right branches in the same plane are respectively taken to form circular rings, the rest branches are removed immediately at the germination stage, and the formed two circular rings are tied on a circular ring iron wire for fixing; polycyclic elm: after the grafted slippery elm grows out of branches, at least three branches are left to form rings respectively, the rest branches are removed immediately in the germination period, and the formed rings are tied on ring iron wires respectively for fixing.

3. A cultivation method of a ring elm as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) keeping balance of the grafted common elm branches, which are symmetrical left and right, in the upward growth process of the common elm branches, if the common elm branches are not balanced, timely removing the auxiliary tips from the strong branches, reserving the auxiliary tips from the weak branches, and removing redundant branches after balancing to reduce photosynthesis of the elm by reducing the area and the leaves of the branches, so that the growth speed of the elm branches is slowed down, two branches are kept growing in balance for a long time, and the shape of a vertical elm ring is kept not deformed.

4. A cultivation method of a ring elm as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical elm ring can be grown for 1-2 years according to the required diameter of the ring.

5. A cultivation method of a ring elm as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (2) when the ulmus pumila scions are grafted in the step (1), a plurality of ulmus pumila scions can be grafted at the same time.

6. The application of the ring elm cultivated by the cultivation method of the ring elm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: for use in a ring chair or for viewing trees.

7. The application of the ring elm cultivated by the cultivation method of the ring elm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when the ring is used as an annular seat, the grafting height of the elm scions is 1.5-2 m from the ground, and when the ring is used for appreciation, the grafting height of the elm scions is 2-3 m from the ground.