CN110114237B - 电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置 - Google Patents

电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置 Download PDF

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CN110114237B
CN110114237B CN201780079173.9A CN201780079173A CN110114237B CN 110114237 B CN110114237 B CN 110114237B CN 201780079173 A CN201780079173 A CN 201780079173A CN 110114237 B CN110114237 B CN 110114237B
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motor
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宫本正悟
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Hitachi Astemo Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/58Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with sets of orbital gears, each consisting of two or more intermeshing orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

提供一种在车轮停止时也能够发电、并且在车辆行驶中即使使电动机分离也能够单独通过发动机而行驶的电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置。一种电动驱动装置(300),具备:第1离合器(320),其使发动机(200)与变速器(310)之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;动力传递机构(360),其连接到所述变速器与车轮(500)之间;以及电动机(400),其连接到动力传递机构,所述动力传递机构具有太阳齿轮(351、352)、齿轮架(353)和内齿轮(354),该电动驱动装置(300)具备:第2离合器(330),其切断所述内齿轮与所述电动机之间的动力的传递路径;以及第3离合器(340),其使所述太阳齿轮与变速装置壳体(357)之间的传递路径发生断续。

Description

电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置
技术领域
本发明大概涉及一种能够将内燃机和电动马达作为驱动源而行驶的混合动力车辆的电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置。
背景技术
近年来,作为驱动源而具备内燃机(下面也称为发动机)和电动机(下面也称为马达发电机,简称为马达)、并且能够实现发动机单独行驶、马达单独行驶以及将发动机和马达的动力合成的合成行驶的混合动力车辆正在实用化。
在下述专利文献1中,作为混合动力车辆的驱动装置,公开了以无级变速器CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission,无级变速装置)为基础的混合动力车辆的结构例。该文献的混合动力车辆将行星齿轮机构与离合器组合,使得在马达单独行驶时不使无级变速机构跟随旋转、在发动机单独行驶时不依赖无级变速机构的变速范围(变速范围、变速比幅度)的扩大就能够得到要求的驱动力。
另外,在下述专利文献2中,作为混合动力车辆的驱动装置,公开了以MT(ManualTransmission,手动变速装置)构造的AMT(Automated Manual Transmission,自动手动变速装置)为基础的混合动力车辆的结构例。该文献的混合动力车辆为了在车轮停止时也能够发电,设置有能够割断对驱动轮传递动力的路径的离合器。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2016-132270号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2012-236508号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的技术问题
上述专利文献1的混合动力车辆在电池容量降低时,转移到发动机单独行驶模式,从而确保车辆的行驶状态。在专利文献1中,未叙述在车轮停止时进行发电的方法。
在上述专利文献2中,在电池容量降低时,作为在车轮的停止状态下也进行发电的方法,记载了割断对驱动轮传递动力的路径。但是,专利文献2的混合动力车辆例如当在车辆行驶中电动机变成异常状态的情况下,如果使电动机分离,则发动机的动力传递中断,无法维持行驶。
本发明是鉴于上述技术问题而完成的,其目的在于,提供一种在车轮停止时也能够发电、并且在车辆行驶中即使使电动机分离也能够单独通过发动机而行驶的电动驱动装置以及车辆控制装置。
解决技术问题的技术手段
为了达到上述目的,本发明的电动驱动装置具备:具备:第1动力断续机构,其使内燃机与变速器之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;动力传递机构,其连接到所述变速器与车轮之间;以及电动机,其连接到所述动力传递机构,所述动力传递机构具有太阳齿轮、齿轮架和内齿轮,所述电动驱动装置的特征在于,具备:第2动力断续机构,其使所述内齿轮与所述电动机之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;以及第3动力断续机构,其使所述太阳齿轮与固定部之间的动力的传递路径发生断续。
发明效果
根据本发明的电动驱动装置,在车轮停止时,将第1动力断续机构以及第2动力断续机构连结,并且将第3动力断续机构设为断开状态,从而能够在防止来自发动机的动力传递到车轮的同时,将来自该发动机的动力传递到电动机而进行发电。
另外,车辆在行驶中将第2动力断续机构设为断开状态,从而能够避免使电动机保持异常状态地旋转,并且能够单独通过发动机而维持行驶状态。
附图说明
图1是示出本实施例的混合动力车辆的驱动系统的结构例的图。
图2是本实施例的混合动力车辆的概略骨架图。
图3是示出本实施例中的停车时的发电动作的图。
图4是示出本实施例中的后退时的动作的图。
具体实施方式
图1是示出本实施例的混合动力车辆的驱动系统的结构例的图。搭载于本实施例的混合动力车辆的车辆控制装置具备作为“内燃机”的发动机200、电动驱动装置300和控制部110。
电动驱动装置300具备变速器310、作为“第1动力断续机构”的第1离合器320、将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500的动力传递机构360以及连接到动力传递机构360的电动机400。
变速器310改变变速比而将来自发动机200的动力传递到动力传递机构360。
第1离合器320将发动机200与变速器310之间连接。第1离合器320将发动机200与变速器310之间的动力的传递路径切换成连结状态和断开状态,使该发动机200与变速器310之间的动力的传递路径发生断续。
动力传递机构360是腊文瑙式的行星齿轮机构。动力传递机构360连接到变速器310与车轮500之间。动力传递机构360具备第1和第2太阳齿轮351、352、齿轮架353、内齿轮354以及第1和第2小齿轮355、356。
第1太阳齿轮351具有在发动机200侧延伸设置的转动轴。在第1太阳齿轮351中,转动轴的端部连接到变速器310,车轮500侧的外齿与第1小齿轮355啮合。
第1小齿轮355配置于第1太阳齿轮351的外侧。第1小齿轮355具有在车轮500侧延伸设置的转动轴。第1小齿轮355与第1太阳齿轮351啮合,转动轴的端部连接到齿轮架353。
齿轮架353的发动机侧的内表面连接到第1小齿轮355的转动轴,相比该第1小齿轮355更靠外侧的内表面连接到第2小齿轮356的转动轴。
第2小齿轮356配置于第1太阳齿轮351、第2太阳齿轮352与内齿轮354之间。第2小齿轮356的车轮500侧的内侧与第1太阳齿轮351啮合,发动机200侧的内侧与第2太阳齿轮352啮合,车轮500侧的外侧与内齿轮354啮合。
在内齿轮354与电动机400之间,配置作为“第2动力断续机构”的第2离合器330。第2离合器330将内齿轮354与电动机400之间连接。第2离合器330将内齿轮354与电动机400之间的动力的传递路径切换成连结状态和断开状态,使该内齿轮354与电动机400之间的动力的传递路径发生断续。
在第2太阳齿轮352与作为“固定部”的变速装置壳体357之间,配置作为“第3动力断续机构”的第3离合器(制动器)340。第3离合器340将第2太阳齿轮352与变速装置壳体357之间连接。第3离合器340将第2太阳齿轮352与变速装置壳体357之间的动力的传递路径切换成连结状态和断开状态,使该第2太阳齿轮352与变速装置壳体357之间的动力的传递路径发生断续。
在齿轮架353与内齿轮354之间,配置作为“第4动力断续机构”的第4离合器350。第4离合器350将齿轮架353与内齿轮354之间连接。第4离合器350将齿轮架353与内齿轮354之间的动力的传递路径切换成连结状态和断开状态,使该齿轮架353与内齿轮354之间的动力的传递路径发生断续。
经由转换器100将未图示的电池连接到电动机400。
电动机400将来自电池的直流电流经由转换器100变换成交流电流,产生驱动车轮500的动力。电动机400通过从车轮500传递的动力而发电,将该发电产生的交流电流经由转换器100变换成直流电流,对电池进行充电。
图2是本实施例的电动驱动装置的概略骨架图,图3示出在本实施例的车轮500停止时使电动机(M)作为发电机而工作的情况下的列线图。
此外,在图2、3中,仅用框线(白)表示第1~第4离合器中的断开状态的离合器,用框线内的全涂(黑)表示连结状态的离合器。
在停车时,与车轮500相连的齿轮架(C)固定(停止)。此时,来自发动机(Eng)的动力经由变速器(TM)传送到第1太阳齿轮(S1),并传送到介于第1太阳齿轮(S1)与齿轮架(C)之间的内齿轮(R)。因此,通过将第2离合器330连结,从而旋转力传送到电动机(M),能够使电动机(M)作为发电机而工作。此外,内齿轮(R)的转速根据基于动力传递机构360的状态而确定的齿轮比来决定。在这里,表示相对于第1太阳齿轮(S1)的转速而减速。
图4示出在本实施例的车轮500反向旋转时(后退时)使电动机(M)零旋转(固定)的情况下的列线图。
为了将内齿轮(R)设为零旋转,将第2离合器330连结,从而电动机(M)设为零旋转而工作,内齿轮(R)成为固定状态。此时,来自发动机(Eng)的动力经由变速器(TM)传送到第1太阳齿轮(S1),齿轮架(C)以内齿轮(R)为基点进行反向旋转,与齿轮架(C)相连的车轮500也进行反向旋转,从而能够进行后退行驶。
此时,使电动机400与变速器310的输出轴的旋转方向相反地驱动,从而能够进行对发动机200的动力添加电动机400的动力的辅助行驶。
此外,在电动机400的单独行驶(EV行驶)时,使第1离合器320断开,将第2离合器330以及第3离合器340连结,使电动机400向与基于来自发动机200的动力的前进方向相反的旋转方向进行旋转,从而能够出发。
根据本实施例,电动驱动装置300具备使发动机200与变速器310之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第1离合器、连接到变速器310与车轮500之间的动力传递机构360以及连接到动力传递机构360的电动机400。动力传递机构360具有太阳齿轮351、齿轮架353和内齿轮354。电动驱动装置300具备使内齿轮354与电动机400之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第2离合器330、以及使太阳齿轮351与变速装置壳体357之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第3离合器340。由此,在停车时,通过使第3离合器340断开,从而避免来自发动机200的动力传递到车轮500,同时通过将第2离合器330连结,从而能够将来自发动机200的动力传递到电动机400。因此,通过传递到电动机400的动力使电动机400进行发电工作,能够经由转换器INV100对未图示的电池充电。
另外,在车辆行驶中,将第3离合器340连结,从而能够将来自发动机200的动力传递到车轮500。假设电动机400变成异常状态,在想要使电动机400从动力传递机构360分离的情况下,使第2离合器330断开,从而能够维持单独通过发动机200的行驶状态。
在这里,作为将第2离合器330设为断开状态的条件,说明了电动机400的异常状态。在电动机400的过热、由电动机400产生的感应电压、电动机400的跟随旋转所引起的拖曳转矩的不被容许情况下,也进行相同的动作,不限定于特定的条件。
具备使齿轮架353与内齿轮354之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第4离合器350。由此,在使车辆前进的情况下,针对将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500的动力传递机构360,能够选择两级的变速比。
两级的变速比能够降低高速行驶时的发动机200的转速、电动机400的转速,使得燃料消耗、损失降低。
太阳齿轮由第1太阳齿轮351和第2太阳齿轮352构成,第1太阳齿轮351连接到变速器310,第3离合器340连接到第2太阳齿轮352与变速装置壳体357之间。由此,在使车辆前进的情况下,将第1离合器320与第3离合器340设为连结状态,从而能够将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500。在行驶中,能够使将油门踏板设为OFF时的发动机制动器发挥作用。
动力传递机构360具有连接到齿轮架353并且与第1太阳齿轮351啮合的第1小齿轮355。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
动力传递机构360具有连接到齿轮架353并且与第1太阳齿轮351啮合的小齿轮355。太阳齿轮由第1太阳齿轮351和第2太阳齿轮352构成,第1太阳齿轮351连接到变速器310与第1小齿轮355之间,第3离合器340连接到第2太阳齿轮352与变速装置壳体357之间。由此,在使车辆前进的情况下,将第1离合器320和第3离合器340设为连结状态,从而能够将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500,并且在行驶中使将油门踏板设为OFF时的发动机制动器发挥作用。动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
小齿轮由第1小齿轮355和第2小齿轮356构成,第2小齿轮356分别与第1小齿轮355和第1太阳齿轮351啮合。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
第2小齿轮356分别与第1小齿轮355、第2太阳齿轮352和内齿轮354啮合。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
第1小齿轮355与第1太阳齿轮351啮合。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
小齿轮由第1小齿轮355和第2小齿轮356构成,齿轮架353连接到第1小齿轮355与第2小齿轮356之间。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
太阳齿轮由第1太阳齿轮351和第2太阳齿轮352构成。动力传递机构360具有连接到齿轮架353并且与第1太阳齿轮351啮合的第1小齿轮355、以及连接到齿轮架353并且与第2太阳齿轮352啮合的第2小齿轮356。第3离合器340连接到第2太阳齿轮351与变速装置壳体357之间。由此,在使车辆前进的情况下,将第1离合器320和第3离合器340设为连结状态,从而能够将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500,并且在行驶中使将油门踏板设为OFF时的发动机制动器发挥作用。动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
第2小齿轮356与第1小齿轮355啮合。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
第2小齿轮356分别与第1小齿轮355和内齿轮354啮合。由此,动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
在车轮500停止时,以将第1动力断续机构320和第2动力断续机构330分别连结的状态、使电动机400作为发电机而动作。由此,在停车时,能够将发动机200的动力传递到电动机400。
在车轮500停止时,以将第1动力断续机构320和第2动力断续机构330分别连结、并且使第3离合器340断开的状态、使电动机400作为发电机而动作。由此,在停车时,通过使第3离合器340断开,从而避免将发动机200的动力传递到车轮500,同时通过将第2离合器330连结,从而能够将发动机200的动力传递到电动机400。
通过传递到电动机400的动力使电动机400进行发电工作,能够经由转换器INV100对未图示的电池充电。
在车轮500停止时,以将第1离合器320和第2离合器330分别连结、并且使第3离合器340和第4离合器350分别断开的状态、使电动机400作为发电机而动作。在停车时,通过使第3离合器340和第4离合器350一起断开,从而避免将发动机200的动力传递到车轮500,同时通过将第2离合器330连结,从而能够将发动机200的动力传递到电动机400。通过传递到电动机400的动力使电动机400进行发电工作,能够经由转换器INV100对未图示的电池充电。
在车轮500旋转时,以使第2离合器330断开的状态、使电动机400分离。由此,在车轮500旋转时,即在车辆行驶中,也能够使电动机400从动力传递机构360分离。
车辆控制装置控制具备内燃机200、使内燃机200与变速器310之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第1离合器320、连接到变速器310与车轮500之间的动力传递机构360、连接到动力传递机构360的电动机400以及使动力传递机构360与电动机400之间的动力的传递路径发生断续的第2离合器330的车辆。车辆控制装置具备控制部110,在车轮500停止时,该控制部110以将第1离合器320和第2离合器330分别连结、并且切断了从动力传递机构360向车轮500的动力传递的状态、使电动机400作为发电机而动作。由此,在停车时,通过切断从动力传递机构360向车轮500的动力传递,从而能够避免发动机200的动力传递到车轮500。通过将第2离合器330连结,从而能够将发动机200的动力传递到电动机400。通过传递到电动机400的动力使电动机400进行发电工作,能够经由转换器INV100对未图示的电池充电。
在电池容量为规定值以上、并且在车辆行驶中操作了制动踏板的情况下,电动驱动装置300将第1离合器320设为连结状态。由此,在设想无法在足够的时间内产生基于电动机400的再生制动的情况下,能够有效地使发动机制动器发挥作用。
此外,控制部110也可以是控制自动变速器的控制单元或者控制混合动力系统的控制单元,不限定于特定的控制单元。因此,还能够设置于图1的INV100内。
在车辆加速度为规定值以上、并且不操作油门踏板的情况下,电动驱动装置300将第1离合器310连结。由此,在未踩下油门踏板时,能够推测为司机没有加速意向。在此时车辆是规定的加速状态的情况下,有效地使发动机制动器发挥作用,从而能够接近司机的意向。此外,通过使变速器310的变速比变化,从而能够使发动机制动器有效地发挥作用。
在下坡坡度为规定值以上、并且不操作油门踏板的情况下,电动驱动装置300将第1离合器310连结。由此,在未踩下油门踏板时,能够推测为司机没有加速意向。此时,基于道路坡度信息和车辆信息(例如,滚动阻力、空气阻力、坡度阻力等)而预测到车辆成为规定的加速状态的情况下,有效地使发动机制动器发挥作用,从而能够接近司机的意向。
动力传递机构360是具有第1太阳齿轮351、第2太阳齿轮352、内齿轮354以及齿轮架353的行星齿轮机构。从发动机200传递的动力传递路径具备连接到第1太阳齿轮351并且能够使第2太阳齿轮352的旋转固定的第3离合器340。内齿轮354连接到电动机400的输出轴,从齿轮架353输出动力。由此,在使车辆前进的情况下,将来自变速器310的动力传递到车轮500的动力传递机构360能够选择两级的变速比。两级的变速比能够降低高速行驶时的发动机200以及电动机400的转速,使得燃料消耗、损失降低。动力传递机构360能够在同轴上配置来自变速器310的动力,使得小型化、搭载性提高。
在换挡位置处于后退范围时,使电动机400的输出轴相对于变速器310的输出轴反转,产生发动机200的动力。由此,通过发动机200产生的动力,能够以使车辆向后退方向前进的方式,对车轮传递动力。
在上述实施例中,将变速器310作为无级变速器的一个例子,但不限于此,还能够使用有级AT(Automatic Transmission,自动变速装置)、DCT(Dual Cltch Transmission,双离合器变速装置)、AMT等。
符号说明
110:控制部;200:发动机;300:电动驱动装置;310:变速器;320:第1离合器;330:第2离合器;340:第3离合器;350:第4离合器;351:第1太阳齿轮;352:第2太阳齿轮;353:齿轮架;354:内齿轮;355:第1小齿轮;356:第2小齿轮;357:变速装置壳体;360:动力传递机构;400:电动机;500:车轮。

Claims (13)

1.一种电动驱动装置,具备:
第1动力断续机构,其使内燃机与变速器之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;
动力传递机构,其连接到所述变速器与车轮之间;以及
电动机,其连接到所述动力传递机构,
所述动力传递机构具有与从所述内燃机传递的动力的传递路径连接的太阳齿轮、与所述车轮连接的齿轮架和内齿轮,
所述电动驱动装置的特征在于,具备:
第2动力断续机构,其使所述内齿轮与所述电动机之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;
第3动力断续机构,其使所述太阳齿轮与固定部之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;以及
第4动力断续机构,其使所述齿轮架与所述内齿轮之间的动力的传递路径发生断续,
在所述车轮停止时,以将所述第1动力断续机构与所述第2动力断续机构分别连结、并且使所述第3动力断续机构与第4动力断续机构分别断开的状态、使所述电动机作为发电机而动作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述太阳齿轮由第1太阳齿轮和第2太阳齿轮构成,
所述第1太阳齿轮连接到所述变速器,
所述第3动力断续机构连接到所述第2太阳齿轮与固定部之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述动力传递机构具有连接到所述齿轮架并且与所述太阳齿轮啮合的小齿轮。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述动力传递机构具有连接到所述齿轮架并且与所述太阳齿轮啮合的小齿轮,
所述太阳齿轮由第1太阳齿轮和第2太阳齿轮构成,
所述第1太阳齿轮连接到所述变速器、并且与所述小齿轮啮合,
所述第3动力断续机构连接到所述第2太阳齿轮与固定部之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述小齿轮由第1小齿轮和第2小齿轮构成,
所述第2小齿轮分别与所述第1小齿轮和所述第2太阳齿轮啮合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述第2小齿轮分别与所述第1小齿轮、所述第2太阳齿轮和所述内齿轮啮合。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述第1小齿轮与所述第1太阳齿轮啮合。
8.根据权利要求4所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述小齿轮由第1小齿轮和第2小齿轮构成,
所述齿轮架连接到所述第1小齿轮与所述第2小齿轮之间。
9.根据权利要求4所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
所述动力传递机构具备:
第1小齿轮,其连接到所述齿轮架、并且与所述第1太阳齿轮啮合;
第2小齿轮,其连接到所述齿轮架、并且与所述第2太阳齿轮啮合,
所述第3动力断续机构连接到所述第2太阳齿轮与所述固定部之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电动驱动装置,其特征在于,
在所述车轮旋转时,以使所述第2动力断续机构断开的状态、使所述电动机分离。
11.一种车辆控制装置,其控制车辆,该车辆具备:
内燃机;
第1动力断续机构,其使所述内燃机与变速器之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;
动力传递机构,其连接到所述变速器与车轮之间;
电动机,其连接到所述动力传递机构;以及
第2动力断续机构,其使所述动力传递机构与所述电动机之间的动力的传递路径发生断续,
所述动力传递机构具有与从所述内燃机传递的动力的传递路径连接的太阳齿轮、与所述车轮连接的齿轮架和内齿轮,
所述车辆控制装置的特征在于,
具备:
第3动力断续机构,其使所述太阳齿轮与固定部之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;
第4动力断续机构,其使所述齿轮架与所述内齿轮之间的动力的传递路径发生断续;以及
控制部,在所述车轮停止时,该控制部以将所述第1动力断续机构与所述第2动力断续机构分别连结、并且通过使所述第3动力断续机构与第4动力断续机构分别断开来切断了从所述动力传递机构向所述车轮的动力的传递的状态、使所述电动机作为发电机而动作。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆控制装置,其特征在于,
所述动力传递机构是具有第1太阳齿轮、第2太阳齿轮、内齿轮和齿轮架的行星齿轮机构,
从所述内燃机传递的动力的传递路径与所述第1太阳齿轮连接,
具备能够使所述第2太阳齿轮的旋转固定的第3动力断续机构,
所述内齿轮连接到所述电动机的输出轴,
从所述齿轮架输出动力。
13.根据权利要求12所述的车辆控制装置,其特征在于,
在换挡位置处于后退范围时,使所述电动机的输出轴相对于所述变速器的输出轴反转,产生所述内燃机的动力。
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