CN110089484A - 一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法 - Google Patents
一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110089484A CN110089484A CN201810093510.6A CN201810093510A CN110089484A CN 110089484 A CN110089484 A CN 110089484A CN 201810093510 A CN201810093510 A CN 201810093510A CN 110089484 A CN110089484 A CN 110089484A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，属于畜牧技术领域，该养殖方法包括：搭建兔舍、兔舍消毒、投放幼兔、喂食幼兔专用料、投放防球虫剂以及兔舍管理；其中，幼兔专用料由如下原料制得：基础粮和防病剂；防病剂由如下原料制得：黄芪、党参、当归、熟地、白头翁、葛根、蒲公英、甘草、茯苓、苍术、马齿笕、鱼腥草、车前草、大青叶、杜仲、大蒜以及芦荟；防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参、青蒿、仙鹤草、柴胡、地榆、板蓝根、蛇床子、黄连、大黄、黄柏、黄芩、龙胆草、厚朴、枳实、金银花、生姜、红糖及无菌水；本发明解决了幼兔养殖过程中，幼兔容易患上腹泻病，并因此导致幼兔死亡率较高的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于畜牧技术领域，具体涉及一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法。
背景技术
幼兔由于自身免疫力较差，加上消化系统较为脆弱，容易感染病菌或病虫，导致幼兔患上腹泻病。传统的养殖过程中，幼兔患上腹泻病的几率较高，且因腹泻病而死的幼兔占总死亡幼兔的百分比高达60-70％。幼兔感染病菌或病虫后，其消化道内的环境发生改变，盲肠内有益微生物区的平衡被打破，大量有害微生物繁殖并产生毒素，使得幼兔发生腹泻，而且毒素被吸收进入幼兔的血液，会造成幼兔中毒而死亡。腹泻病是影响幼兔养殖效益的主要因素；因此，幼兔在饲养过程中，有必要防治腹泻病。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的是提供一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，用以解决幼兔养殖过程中，幼兔容易患上腹泻病，并因此导致幼兔死亡率较高的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)搭建兔舍：选取环境安静且光照良好的地方搭建兔舍；
(2)兔舍消毒：兔舍搭建完成后，对兔舍进行消毒处理，并自然静置一周；
(3)投放幼兔：将断奶的幼兔投放至经步骤(2)处理的兔舍内；
(4)喂食幼兔专用料：幼兔投放至兔舍后，向幼兔喂食幼兔专用料；所述幼兔专用料由如下重量份的原料制得：基础粮90-95份和防病剂3-5份；所述防病剂由如下重量份的原料制得：黄芪10-15份、党参8-16份、当归6-10份、熟地8-12份、白头翁12-18份、葛根4-7份、蒲公英3-8份、甘草5-10份、茯苓5-7份、苍术3-8份、马齿笕10-15份、鱼腥草5-10份、车前草6-12份、大青叶6-8份、杜仲4-6份、大蒜8-12份以及芦荟5-10份；
(5)投放防球虫剂：投放幼兔之日起，每隔两周，向幼兔的饮用水中投放一次防球虫剂；所述防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参10-20份、青蒿8-10份、仙鹤草10-15份、柴胡6-10份、地榆6-8份、板蓝根5-9份、蛇床子12-16份、黄连10-15份、大黄10-15份、黄柏10-20份、黄芩5-10份、龙胆草8-12份、厚朴8-10份、枳实8-10份、金银花10-20份、生姜5-10份、红糖20-30份及无菌水适量；
(6)兔舍管理：投放幼兔之日起，每日打扫兔舍一次，每周对兔舍进行一次消毒处理。
优选地，步骤(1)中，所述兔舍内设通风装置以及温控装置。
优选地，步骤(3)中，幼兔投放至所述兔舍当天，将幼兔逐一注射庆大霉素。
优选地，步骤(4)中，平均每只幼兔每日喂食所述幼兔专用料的总重量为：对于30-40日龄幼兔，200-220g；对于41-50日龄幼兔，230-260g；对于51-60日龄幼兔，270-300g；对于61-70日龄幼兔，310-350g；对于71-80日龄幼兔，360-400g；对于81-90日龄幼兔，410-460g。
优选地，步骤(4)中，所述基础粮由如下重量份的原料制得：大豆粕30-40份、玉米10-15份、麸皮15-20份、米糠5-10份、胡萝卜5-9份、骨粉4-8份、酵母粉1-2份、乳酸菌粉1-2份、维生素预混料1-2份、赖氨酸1-2份以及食盐2-3份。
优选地，步骤(4)中，所述维生素预混料由如下重量份的原料制得：维生素A30-40份、维生素B20-30份、维生素C100-120份、维生素D20-40份、维生素E120-150份、维生素K60-100份以及载体1000-2000份。
优选地，步骤(4)中，每日早上和晚上分别向幼兔喂食一次幼兔专用料，中午向幼兔喂食一次青绿饲料；所述青绿饲料为芹菜、甘蔗叶、红薯苗、养心草、大白菜、竹笋及甘蓝菜中的一种或多种。
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明所使用的幼兔专用料中含有防病剂，可以有效地防治幼兔因肠胃感染引起的腹泻病。防病剂中含有：黄芪、党参、当归、熟地、白头翁、葛根、蒲公英、甘草、茯苓、苍术、马齿笕、鱼腥草、车前草、大青叶、杜仲、大蒜以及芦荟；其中，党参具有补中益气，健脾生津的作用，主治脾胃虚弱、气血两亏。黄芪具有补气固表、利尿托毒的功效，是补气的良药。党参和黄芪并用能够增强机体应激能力，提高机体免疫力及抗菌抗病毒能力。当归和熟地共用，具有补血、活血及通经的功效。白头翁、蒲公英、马齿笕、鱼腥草、车前草及大青叶合用具有清热解毒、凉血止痢、燥湿杀虫的功效，用于防治热毒痢疾。葛根、甘草可调和脾胃，具有防治急性肠炎、细菌性痢疾的功效。茯苓和苍术合用，可以治疗和预防脾胃虚弱引起的消化不良、上腹胀满、食欲减少以及脾虚泄泻等症状。杜仲具有补肝肾及强筋骨的功效，能够提高幼兔的抗病免疫力。大蒜具有散痈消积、解毒杀虫的功效，能够杀死幼兔肠道内的钩虫以及绕虫。芦荟具有杀虫、通便、保护肠壁及清热凉肝的功效。诸药合用，大大提高了幼兔的抗病能力，有效地防治各种肠胃疾病引起的腹泻病。
2.本发明在幼兔饮用水中投放的防球虫剂可以有效地驱除幼兔体内的球虫，防治因球虫引起的腹泻病。防球虫剂中含有：苦参、青蒿、仙鹤草、柴胡、地榆、板蓝根、蛇床子、黄连、大黄、黄柏、黄芩、龙胆草、厚朴、枳实、金银花、生姜及红糖；其中，苦参具有清热除湿、利尿、祛风及杀虫的功效，对多种皮肤真菌有不同程度抵制作用。青蒿清热凉血、解暑除蒸，其含有青蒿素，青蒿素有强力抗原虫作用。苦参和青蒿合用能够有效地抑制球虫卵囊孢子化作用。仙鹤草收敛止血、补虚、杀虫，有抗病毒和原虫作用。柴胡、地榆、板蓝根及金银花合用，具有解表退热、疏肝解郁、升提阳气、抑菌、抗病毒及抗虫的功效。蛇床子、黄连、大黄、黄柏及黄芩合用，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、清虚热、杀虫安蚘的功效，用于防治急性肠炎、细菌性痢疾，具有广谱的抗菌作用。龙胆草具有清肝胆实火、泻下焦湿热及健胃的功效。厚朴厚朴与枳实合用，可以治疗和预防幼兔出现腹胀、胃肠食积的症状。生姜对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、宋内痢疾杆菌、绿脓杆菌均有明显抑制作用，可以在有效地保护幼兔的肠道。红糖具有益气补血、健脾暖胃、活血化瘀的功效。诸药合用，提高了幼兔的身体免疫力，同时驱除幼兔体内的球虫，有效地防治幼兔因球虫引起的腹泻病。
3.本发明所使用的基础粮中含有：大豆粕、玉米、麸皮、米糠、胡萝卜、骨粉、酵母粉、乳酸菌粉、维生素预混料、赖氨酸以及食盐，可以向幼兔提供丰富的营养物质，使幼兔快速成长。另外，酵母粉能够通过对有害菌进行识别、吸附和排除，减少幼兔肠道内有害菌的数量，促进有益菌繁殖。酵母粉和乳酸菌粉相互配合，调节幼兔消化道微生态区系平衡，改善肠道功能，提高幼兔机体的免疫力，保持肠道的完整性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体说明。
实施例1
一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)搭建兔舍：选取环境安静且光照良好的地方搭建兔舍，所述兔舍内设通风装置以及温控装置。
(2)兔舍消毒：兔舍搭建完成后，对兔舍进行消毒处理，并自然静置一周。
(3)投放幼兔：将断奶的幼兔投放至经步骤(2)处理的兔舍内，幼兔投放至所述兔舍当天，将幼兔逐一注射庆大霉素。
(4)喂食幼兔专用料：幼兔投放至兔舍后，向幼兔喂食幼兔专用料，平均每只幼兔每日喂食所述幼兔专用料的总重量为：对于30-40日龄幼兔，200g；对于41-50日龄幼兔，230g；对于51-60日龄幼兔，270g；对于61-70日龄幼兔，310g；对于71-80日龄幼兔，360g；对于81-90日龄幼兔，410g。所述幼兔专用料由如下重量份的原料制得：基础粮90份和防病剂3份。所述基础粮由如下重量份的原料制得：大豆粕30份、玉米10份、麸皮15份、米糠5份、胡萝卜5份、骨粉4份、酵母粉1份、乳酸菌粉1份、维生素预混料1份、赖氨酸1份以及食盐2份。所述维生素预混料由如下重量份的原料制得：维生素A30份、维生素B20份、维生素C100份、维生素D20份、维生素E120份、维生素K60份以及载体1000份。所述防病剂由如下重量份的原料制得：黄芪10份、党参8份、当归6份、熟地8份、白头翁12份、葛根4份、蒲公英3份、甘草5份、茯苓5份、苍术3份、马齿笕10份、鱼腥草5份、车前草6份、大青叶6份、杜仲4份、大蒜8份以及芦荟5份。每日早上和晚上分别向幼兔喂食一次幼兔专用料，中午向幼兔喂食一次青绿饲料。所述青绿饲料为红薯苗。
(5)投放防球虫剂：投放幼兔之日起，每隔两周，向幼兔的饮用水中投放一次防球虫剂。所述防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参10份、青蒿8份、仙鹤草10份、柴胡6份、地榆6份、板蓝根5份、蛇床子12份、黄连10份、大黄10份、黄柏10份、黄芩5份、龙胆草8份、厚朴8份、枳实8份、金银花10份、生姜5份、红糖20份及无菌水适量。
(6)兔舍管理：投放幼兔之日起，每日打扫兔舍一次，每周对兔舍进行一次消毒处理。
实施例2
一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)搭建兔舍：选取环境安静且光照良好的地方搭建兔舍，所述兔舍内设通风装置以及温控装置。
(2)兔舍消毒：兔舍搭建完成后，对兔舍进行消毒处理，并自然静置一周。
(3)投放幼兔：将断奶的幼兔投放至经步骤(2)处理的兔舍内，幼兔投放至所述兔舍当天，将幼兔逐一注射庆大霉素。
(4)喂食幼兔专用料：幼兔投放至兔舍后，向幼兔喂食幼兔专用料，平均每只幼兔每日喂食所述幼兔专用料的总重量为：对于30-40日龄幼兔，220g；对于41-50日龄幼兔，260g；对于51-60日龄幼兔，300g；对于61-70日龄幼兔，350g；对于71-80日龄幼兔，400g；对于81-90日龄幼兔，460g。所述幼兔专用料由如下重量份的原料制得：基础粮95份和防病剂5份。所述基础粮由如下重量份的原料制得：大豆粕40份、玉米15份、麸皮20份、米糠10份、胡萝卜9份、骨粉8份、酵母粉2份、乳酸菌粉2份、维生素预混料2份、赖氨酸2份以及食盐3份。所述维生素预混料由如下重量份的原料制得：维生素A40份、维生素B30份、维生素C120份、维生素D40份、维生素E150份、维生素K100份以及载体2000份。所述防病剂由如下重量份的原料制得：黄芪15份、党参16份、当归10份、熟地12份、白头翁18份、葛根7份、蒲公英8份、甘草10份、茯苓7份、苍术8份、马齿笕15份、鱼腥草10份、车前草12份、大青叶8份、杜仲6份、大蒜12份以及芦荟10份。每日早上和晚上分别向幼兔喂食一次幼兔专用料，中午向幼兔喂食一次青绿饲料。所述青绿饲料为芹菜、甘蔗叶、养心草及大白菜。
(5)投放防球虫剂：投放幼兔之日起，每隔两周，向幼兔的饮用水中投放一次防球虫剂。所述防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参20份、青蒿10份、仙鹤草15份、柴胡10份、地榆8份、板蓝根9份、蛇床子16份、黄连15份、大黄15份、黄柏20份、黄芩10份、龙胆草12份、厚朴10份、枳实10份、金银花20份、生姜10份、红糖30份及无菌水适量。
(6)兔舍管理：投放幼兔之日起，每日打扫兔舍一次，每周对兔舍进行一次消毒处理。
实施例3
一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)搭建兔舍：选取环境安静且光照良好的地方搭建兔舍，所述兔舍内设通风装置以及温控装置。
(2)兔舍消毒：兔舍搭建完成后，对兔舍进行消毒处理，并自然静置一周。
(3)投放幼兔：将断奶的幼兔投放至经步骤(2)处理的兔舍内，幼兔投放至所述兔舍当天，将幼兔逐一注射庆大霉素。
(4)喂食幼兔专用料：幼兔投放至兔舍后，向幼兔喂食幼兔专用料，平均每只幼兔每日喂食所述幼兔专用料的总重量为：对于30-40日龄幼兔，210g；对于41-50日龄幼兔，245g；对于51-60日龄幼兔，285g；对于61-70日龄幼兔，330g；对于71-80日龄幼兔，380g；对于81-90日龄幼兔，435g。所述幼兔专用料由如下重量份的原料制得：基础粮92份和防病剂4份。所述基础粮由如下重量份的原料制得：大豆粕35份、玉米12份、麸皮17份、米糠7份、胡萝卜7份、骨粉6份、酵母粉1.5份、乳酸菌粉1.5份、维生素预混料1.5份、赖氨酸1.5份以及食盐2.5份。所述维生素预混料由如下重量份的原料制得：维生素A35份、维生素B25份、维生素C110份、维生素D30份、维生素E135份、维生素K80份以及载体1500份。所述防病剂由如下重量份的原料制得：黄芪12份、党参12份、当归8份、熟地10份、白头翁15份、葛根5.5份、蒲公英5.5份、甘草7.5份、茯苓6份、苍术5.5份、马齿笕12.5份、鱼腥草7.5份、车前草9份、大青叶7份、杜仲5份、大蒜10份以及芦荟7.5份。每日早上和晚上分别向幼兔喂食一次幼兔专用料，中午向幼兔喂食一次青绿饲料。所述青绿饲料为芹菜、甘蔗叶、红薯苗、养心草、大白菜、竹笋及甘蓝菜。
(5)投放防球虫剂：投放幼兔之日起，每隔两周，向幼兔的饮用水中投放一次防球虫剂。所述防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参15份、青蒿9份、仙鹤草12.5份、柴胡8份、地榆7份、板蓝根7份、蛇床子14份、黄连12.5份、大黄12.5份、黄柏15份、黄芩7.5份、龙胆草10份、厚朴9份、枳实9份、金银花15份、生姜7.5份、红糖25份及无菌水适量。
(6)兔舍管理：投放幼兔之日起，每日打扫兔舍一次，每周对兔舍进行一次消毒处理。
对此，申请人还设计了本发明的对比例，具体如下：
对比例1
将步骤(4)中的幼兔专用料换成幼兔养殖场常规使用的普通兔料，其他处理均与实施例3相同。
对比例2
将步骤(5)中的防球虫剂换成幼兔养殖场常规使用的妥曲珠利溶液，其他处理均与实施例3相同。
对比例3
将步骤(4)中的幼兔专用料换成幼兔养殖场常规使用的普通兔料，同时，将步骤(5)中的防球虫剂换成幼兔养殖场常规使用的妥曲珠利溶液，其他处理均与实施例3相同。
将实施例1-3及对比例1-3中的幼兔饲养至90日龄，统计幼兔腹泻病的发病率以及因腹泻病造成的死亡率，统计数据如表1所示。
表1
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
| 腹泻病发病率(％) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 8 | 30 |
| 因腹泻病造成的死亡率(％) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 5 | 24 |
由表1可以看出，实施例3中的数据明显优于对比例1中的数据，这说明本发明所使用的幼兔专用料能够明显降低幼兔腹泻病的发病率以及因腹泻病造成的死亡率。实施例3中的数据优于对比例2中的数据，这说明本发明所使用的防球虫剂的驱球虫效果比常规使用的妥曲珠利溶液更佳，进一步降低幼兔腹泻病的发病率以及因腹泻病造成的死亡率。实施例3中的数据明显优于对比例3中的数据，这说明本发明一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法能够有效地防治幼兔腹泻病，对降低幼兔腹泻病的发病率以及因腹泻病造成的死亡率具有显著的效果，解决了传统养殖过程中，幼兔腹泻病发病率和死亡率较高的问题，提高幼兔养殖户的经济效益，具有良好的推广意义。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明，但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围，凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更，均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)搭建兔舍：选取环境安静且光照良好的地方搭建兔舍；
(2)兔舍消毒：兔舍搭建完成后，对兔舍进行消毒处理，并自然静置一周；
(3)投放幼兔：将断奶的幼兔投放至经步骤(2)处理的兔舍内；
(4)喂食幼兔专用料：幼兔投放至兔舍后，向幼兔喂食幼兔专用料；所述幼兔专用料由如下重量份的原料制得：基础粮90-95份和防病剂3-5份；所述防病剂由如下重量份的原料制得：黄芪10-15份、党参8-16份、当归6-10份、熟地8-12份、白头翁12-18份、葛根4-7份、蒲公英3-8份、甘草5-10份、茯苓5-7份、苍术3-8份、马齿笕10-15份、鱼腥草5-10份、车前草6-12份、大青叶6-8份、杜仲4-6份、大蒜8-12份以及芦荟5-10份；
(5)投放防球虫剂：投放幼兔之日起，每隔两周，向幼兔的饮用水中投放一次防球虫剂；所述防球虫剂由如下原料熬制获得：苦参10-20份、青蒿8-10份、仙鹤草10-15份、柴胡6-10份、地榆6-8份、板蓝根5-9份、蛇床子12-16份、黄连10-15份、大黄10-15份、黄柏10-20份、黄芩5-10份、龙胆草8-12份、厚朴8-10份、枳实8-10份、金银花10-20份、生姜5-10份、红糖20-30份及无菌水适量；
(6)兔舍管理：投放幼兔之日起，每日打扫兔舍一次，每周对兔舍进行一次消毒处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述兔舍内设通风装置以及温控装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，幼兔投放至所述兔舍当天，将幼兔逐一注射庆大霉素。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中，平均每只幼兔每日喂食所述幼兔专用料的总重量为：对于30-40日龄幼兔，200-220g；对于41-50日龄幼兔，230-260g；对于51-60日龄幼兔，270-300g；对于61-70日龄幼兔，310-350g；对于71-80日龄幼兔，360-400g；对于81-90日龄幼兔，410-460g。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中，所述基础粮由如下重量份的原料制得：大豆粕30-40份、玉米10-15份、麸皮15-20份、米糠5-10份、胡萝卜5-9份、骨粉4-8份、酵母粉1-2份、乳酸菌粉1-2份、维生素预混料1-2份、赖氨酸1-2份以及食盐2-3份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中，所述维生素预混料由如下重量份的原料制得：维生素A30-40份、维生素B20-30份、维生素C100-120份、维生素D20-40份、维生素E120-150份、维生素K60-100份以及载体1000-2000份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治幼兔腹泻病的方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中，每日早上和晚上分别向幼兔喂食一次幼兔专用料，中午向幼兔喂食一次青绿饲料；所述青绿饲料为芹菜、甘蔗叶、红薯苗、养心草、大白菜、竹笋及甘蓝菜中的一种或多种。
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