CN110081346B - 一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯及隧道照明系统 - Google Patents

一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯及隧道照明系统 Download PDF

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CN110081346B
CN110081346B CN201910379656.1A CN201910379656A CN110081346B CN 110081346 B CN110081346 B CN 110081346B CN 201910379656 A CN201910379656 A CN 201910379656A CN 110081346 B CN110081346 B CN 110081346B
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CN110081346A (zh
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冯守中
王军
冒卫星
严陆
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Anhui Zhongyi New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯及隧道照明系统，隧道照明灯包括设有光源组件的基板，基板表面覆设有发光膜，发光膜含有发光材料，所述发光材料的理论化学组成为：M(1‑x‑y‑z)Al2O4:xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+；隧道照明系统包括对称安装在隧道拱璧两边2.0～5.0m高度处的上述隧道照明灯，隧道照明灯之间的拱顶处布置有若干个逆反射诱导标。本发明有效的提高了人眼在光环境中的有效视距，消除或减少隧道进出口的“黑洞”、“盲光”现象，确保了行驶时的安全性。

Description

一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯及隧道照明系统
技术领域
本发明涉及隧道照明设施技术领域，具体涉及一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯及隧道照明系统。
背景技术
现有技术中，隧道是埋置于地层内的工程建筑物，与地面道路相比，隧道不能依靠日光照明，只能内设全天开启的照明灯，以实现隧道照明。由于LED(Light EmittingDiode，发光二极管)灯具有寿命长、光衰小、显色性好及抗振性好等优点，其通常被用作隧道的照明灯。
目前隧道照明灯所存在的主要问题有：480nm～580nm波长范围的光谱能量较低，与日光相比，以上灯具的光谱波长均存在不连续的现象，即使以上光环境路面照度及照明均匀度等于或大于日光，但由于人眼的可视距离远小于日光环境，在隧道环境中往往会产生高明亮度短视距的问题，影响了行驶的安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，一方面提供一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯。
一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，包括基板，基板上设有光源组件，所述基板表面覆设有发光膜，发光膜含有发光材料，所述发光材料的理论化学组成为：M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4：xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+，其中M是Sr、Mg、Ca、Ba中的一种或多种，R是La、Nd、Tb中的一种或者多种，x值为0.005～0.03，y+z值为0.01～0.06，z值为0.0005～0.01。
另一方面提供一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统。
一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，包括对称安装在隧道拱璧两边2.0～5.0m高度处的上述隧道照明灯，隧道照明灯之间的拱顶处布置有若干个逆反射诱导标，逆反射诱导标的反射体为反光膜、反射棱镜片或是具有长余辉发光的逆反光补光片。
本发明利用对隧道照明灯发光膜中发光材料的改进，解决目前公路隧道常规照明及低位照明灯具的缺陷，使光源光谱主波峰位于480～580nm，提高隧道路面上小物体的可视距离，提高隧道路面照明均匀性，消除点光源灯具照明的眩光问题，另外发光膜中的发光材料，可以使隧道照明灯能够在突然停、断电状态下实现余辉延时发光可持续照明。
逆反射诱导标利用汽车灯光在隧道内的环形散射现象，其在汽车灯光的照射下可逆反射发光，这样即使在隧道进出口处洞内外的光强差别较大，因较强反射光刺激人眼视觉可延缓人眼瞳孔面积增大或缩小的变化速度，减少驾驶者进出洞口时视觉的“黑洞”或“盲光”；拱顶的逆反射光可消除隧道拱顶的黑暗现象，减少司驾人员在隧道中驾驶的视觉疲劳，在不增加隧道内照明灯具功率的状态下明显增加汽车运营前方隧道洞内路面的照明亮度。
由隧道照明灯、逆反射诱导标所形成的隧道照明系统，有效的减小了隧道进出口的“黑洞”、“盲光”，提高了人眼在光环境中的有效视距，确保了行驶时的安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中隧道照明灯的基板与光源组件的装配示意图；
图2为本发明中隧道照明灯的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例2中隧道照明灯的结构示意图；
图4为本发明中隧道照明系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
参见图1及图2，本发明提供的一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，包括基板1，基板1上设有光源组件2，本实施例中，基板1为LED面光源铝基板，光源组件2为LED芯片，LED芯片通过导热硅胶3固定在LED面光源铝基板上(由LED面光源铝基板配合LED芯片，再粘覆黄色荧光膜，LED蓝光芯片发蓝光激发黄色的荧光粉发出照明白光，即为现有技术中的LED面光源(FLED)，相较于普通光源，FLED的光效可大于110LM/W、光源板可以柔性化，其可提高照明均匀性、有利于散热、提高灯具的使用寿命的优势，采用该类型的基板1与光源组件2是较佳的实施例，当然也不排除可以采用其它类型的基板1与光源组件2的可能)；为了解决背景技术中所述的技术问题，本实施例的技术方案是，基板1表面覆设有发光膜4，发光膜4含有发光材料，所述发光材料的理论化学组成为：M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4：xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+，其中M是Sr、Mg、Ca、Ba中的一种或多种，R是La、Nd、Tb中的一种或者多种，x值为0.005～0.03，y+z值为0.01～0.06，z值为0.0005～0.01。
实施例1
上述发光材料的制备方法为：
1、将上述原料按照M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4：xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+计量比烧制成晶体结构，x值为0.005～0.03，y+z值为0.01～0.06，z值为0.0005～0.01；
(原料举例：Al元素的原料为a-Al2O3；Sr、Mg、Ca、Ba、Eu、Dy、La、Nd、Tb和Ce元素的原料为它们的氧化物或碳酸盐)。
2、将混合料的粉末烘干、过筛后在N2/H2(75％N2+25％H2)还原气氛炉中700～1100℃煅烧2～4h；
3、再次在N2/H2(75％N2+25％H2)还原气氛炉中1250～1400℃煅烧3～5h即成M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4：xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+晶体结构块；
4、破碎、研磨。
实施例2
上述发光膜4的制备方法为：
1、将PP、PE、PC、PS、ABS、PVC、PET中的一种或多种高分子透明树脂与上述发光材料一起先混合密炼，其中，高分子树脂重量比20％～80％、发光材料80％～20％(粒径100～800目)；
2、密炼好的混合料再通过专用造粒机进行造粒；
3、将造粒好的混合料注入专用挤塑机生产出膜厚0.2～3mm的发光膜4即可。
实施例3
为了更好地提高本发明中隧道照明灯的匀光性，在上述发光膜4的制备基础上，如图3所示，可在发光膜4的一面上微雕光栅41，光栅41外通过透明树脂有机胶42耦粘0.2～1mm厚带有光栅衍射作用的匀光膜43，匀光膜44可以是PP、PE、PC、PS、ABS、PVC、PET中的一种或多种高分子透明树脂制作，发光膜4和匀光膜43的光栅常数d选择10nm～100um。
实施例4
一种隧道照明灯，包括基板，基板上设有光源组件，基板表面覆设有发光膜，所述发光膜的制备方法为：
用LED灯常用荧光粉MAlSiO4：Tb2+，Eu2+与PE材料一起先混合密炼，其中，PE高分子树脂重量比20％～80％、常用荧光粉发光材料80％～20％；密炼好的混合料再通过专用造粒机进行造粒；将造粒好的混合料注入专用挤塑机生产出膜厚0.3mm的荧光发光膜。
本表为实施例2、3、4之间的对比试验结果
经实验得出，本发明所提供的隧道照明灯，其光源弥补了480～580nm光谱波长，可明显提高人眼在光环境中的视距能力；更好地提高了光源的均匀性，进一步减小了面光源的眩光现象，并且在突然停电后该隧道照明灯还具有延时照明的应急照明作用。
本实施例用于提供一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，参见图4，包括对称安装在隧道拱璧两边2.0～5.0m高度处的上述隧道照明灯5，隧道照明灯5之间的拱顶处布置有若干个逆反射诱导标6，逆反射诱导标6的反射体为反光膜、反射棱镜片或是具有长余辉发光材料的逆反光补光片。
在本系统基础上的隧道低位灯照明技术，不仅能保证路面照明参数不变的条件下可节约照明能耗30％以上，最重要的是，利用了隧道照明灯5配合逆反射诱导标6，提高照明灯的发光效率及路面照明均匀度，消除灯具照明的眩光现象，提高了人眼在光环境中的有效视距，逆反射诱导标6在汽车灯具的照射下，不仅可诱导照明，而且增加了照明光环境的亮度，并对消除拱顶的黑暗现象、减少司驾人员的心理紧张、压抑具有调节作用。
上述逆反射诱导标6的形状可以是棱(圆)台体或者是球形、立方体、棱(圆)柱体、棱(圆)锥体等其它几何形体，具有逆反射作用的反射体面积为5cm2～2500cm2，反射体的技术指标规定在入射角-4°～40°、观测角0.2°～1.2°范围，逆反射系数大于10～600cd.lx- 1.m-2，将反射体镶嵌、粘合或焊接在固定形状和尺寸的塑料或铝基材基座中，便完成了隧道拱顶逆反射诱导标的制作，在隧道拱顶混凝土上用手枪钻打孔，塞入塑料膨胀套管，然后用膨胀螺栓或自攻螺丝固定逆反射诱导标6，即可完成隧道拱顶逆反射诱导标的安装。
将每个隧道拱顶逆反射诱导标沿隧道拱顶弧线方向0.2m～6.0m、隧道长度方向0.2m～30m的间距，按任意图案布置，即可形成隧道拱顶的逆反射效果，布置方案可矩形、梅花形及其它任意图案。
若需要隧道拱顶逆反射诱导在汽车灯的照射下反射出不同颜色的反射光，则可需在透明反光膜、反射棱镜片下用超声波焊粘(或透明胶粘)不同颜色的色膜，制成逆反射色片，用此逆反射色片作为隧道拱顶逆反射诱导标的反射体；色膜可将色粉与PP、PE、PC、PS、ABS、PVC、PET中的一种或多种高分子透明树脂密炼、造粒，并将造粒好的混合料注入专用挤塑机(或注塑机)按0.1～1.5mm厚度生产。不同光色的逆反射诱导标6可冲击司驾人员的视觉，会有效提高司驾者的兴奋性，消除视觉疲劳，进一步提高隧道交通安全的保障性。
实施例5
在上述可提高视距的隧道照明系统的基础上，参见图4，隧道照明灯5上方的电缆支架7为预埋线槽式或纵向L型吊挂线槽式。目的在于，把传统的横向伸展的电缆支架改为纵向吊挂电缆线槽，缩小了电缆支架占用隧道横向宽度的空间距离，解决了低位照明大货车运营行驶时车箱稍有超宽就容易挂碰横向电缆支架的问题。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，包括基板，基板上设有光源组件，其特征在于：所述基板表面覆设有发光膜，发光膜含有发光材料，所述发光材料的理论化学组成为：M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4:xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+，其中M是Sr、Mg、Ca、Ba中的一种或多种，R是La、Nd、Tb中的一种或者多种，x值为0.005～0.03，y+z值为0.01～0.06，z值为0.0005～0.01。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，其特征在于：上述发光材料的制备方法为：
(1)将权利要求1所述发光材料的原料按照M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4:xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+计量比烧制成晶体结构，x值为0.005～0.03，y+z值为0.01～0.06，z值为0.0005～0.01；
(2)将混合料的粉末烘干、过筛后在N2/H2(75％N2+25％H2)还原气氛炉中以700～1100℃煅烧2～4h；
(3)再次在N2/H2(75％N2+25％H2)还原气氛炉中以1250～1400℃煅烧3～5h即成M(1-x-y-z)Al2O4:xEu2+，2xDy，yR3+，zCe3+晶体结构块。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，其特征在于：步骤(1)中，Al元素的原料为α-Al2O3；Sr、Mg、Ca、Ba、Eu、Dy、La、Nd、Tb和Ce元素的原料为它们的氧化物或碳酸盐。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，其特征在于：所述发光膜的制备方法为：
(1)将PP、PE、PC、PS、ABS、PVC、PET中的一种或多种高分子透明树脂，与权利要求2所述的发光材料一起混合密炼，其中，高分子树脂占总量的20％～80％，发光材料占总量的80％～20％；
(2)密炼好的混合料通过造粒机进行造粒；
(3)将造粒好的混合料注入挤塑机，挤出发光膜即可。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明灯，其特征在于：所述发光膜的一面上设有光栅，光栅外粘结有匀光膜，匀光膜材料为PP、PE、PC、PS、ABS、PVC、PET中的一种或多种。
6.一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，其特征在于：包括对称安装在隧道拱璧两边2.0～5.0m高度处，如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的隧道照明灯，所述隧道照明灯之间的拱顶处布置有若干个逆反射诱导标。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，其特征在于：所述逆反射诱导标的反射体为反光膜、反射棱镜片或是具有长余辉发光材料的逆反光补光片。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，其特征在于：所述逆反射诱导标的反射体为透明体，其上粘结有色膜。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种可提高视距的隧道照明系统，其特征在于：所述隧道照明灯上方设有电缆支架，电缆支架为预埋线槽式或纵向L型吊挂线槽式结构。
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