CN110066163B - Preparation method of stone multi-face ceramic large plate and ceramic large plate - Google Patents
Preparation method of stone multi-face ceramic large plate and ceramic large plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110066163B CN110066163B CN201910440748.6A CN201910440748A CN110066163B CN 110066163 B CN110066163 B CN 110066163B CN 201910440748 A CN201910440748 A CN 201910440748A CN 110066163 B CN110066163 B CN 110066163B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate; (2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the edges of the patterns of the small graphs, and inputting the small graphs into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank; (3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration; (4) and edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses the ceramic large plate obtained by the preparation method. The patterns can be matched after the ceramic large plates are spliced, and after the plurality of ceramic large plates are laid, the pattern textures can extend on one surface or a plurality of surfaces, so that the pattern textures are natural at will and have strong stereoscopic impression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a preparation method of a stone multi-faced ceramic large plate and the ceramic large plate.
Background
Waste residues and waste materials are generated in the ceramic production process, and at present, the waste residues and waste materials are generally used as garbage landfill or low-quality raw materials for wall bricks, road pavement or concrete raw materials, so that the defect that the waste residues and waste materials cannot be applied in large quantities exists, and the final product has low added value and poor performance. High-quality ceramic tiles in the ceramic industry generally adopt high-quality mineral raw materials, and ceramic waste residues are difficult to apply to high-quality ceramic products.
The ceramic large plate has the advantages of simple and large decorative effect, few remained seams, capability of avoiding dirt collection and scale deposit, high construction paving efficiency and the like, and the occupancy of the ceramic large plate in the market of high-end household products is increased continuously. In the prior art, the ceramic large plate is provided with decorative pattern grains in an ink-jet printing or screen printing mode, and a plurality of ceramic large plates are spliced and paved to splice patterns. Because the green brick has a certain shrinkage after being fired, the patterns spliced after the ceramic large plate is laid and attached are staggered and difficult to be matched, and the decorative effect of the ceramic large plate is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a stone multi-faced ceramic large plate and the ceramic large plate, which have the characteristic of good pattern splicing coincidence.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate;
(2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the edges of the patterns of the small graphs, and inputting the small graphs into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank;
(3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration;
(4) and edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched.
Further, in the step (2), the size of the ink-jet printing pattern is consistent with that of the blank body, and the pattern expansion edge of the small picture is printed on the edge of the blank body through ink-jet printing to form a pattern expansion edge;
in the step (4), during the edge grinding treatment, the pattern extending edges on the ceramic large plates are ground, so that when a plurality of ceramic large plates corresponding to one large image are spliced, the texture joint parts of two adjacent ceramic large plates are matched.
Further, the pattern expansion edge of the small figure is expanded toward the pattern where the small figure meets.
Further, in steps (2) and (4), the preset grinding amount of one side of the ceramic plate is Δ L, the pattern expansion width on the blank is L1, and the shrinkage rate after firing of the blank is a, which is 2 × Δ L/L1.
Further, in the step (2), a large image is printed on a group of blanks through ink jet, and the group of ceramic large plates polished after being fired can be spliced into the pattern of the large image; the multiple groups of ceramic large plates are laid to present repeated pattern textures.
Further, in the step (1), the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises 6-10% of edging slag and 1-3% of polishing slag in percentage by weight.
Further, the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 33-39% of weathered aluminum sand, 25-35% of potassium-sodium sand, 3-7% of magnesia, 8-12% of black mud and 7-10% of bentonite.
Further, the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 36% of weathered aluminum sand, 30% of potassium-sodium sand, 5% of magnesia, 10% of black mud, 9% of bentonite, 8% of edging slag and 2% of polishing slag.
Further, in the step (1), the blank adopts colored powder to be distributed in a multi-pipe distribution mode, so that the texture of the pressed blank is matched with the texture of the ink-jet printing pattern; applying base coat on the blank;
in step (2), a transparent protective layer is applied on the blank with the ink-jet printing pattern.
A ceramic large plate is obtained by adopting the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the decoration step of the invention, the edge of the divided small picture is expanded and then is subjected to ink-jet printing, so that the pattern texture printed on the blank is also expanded, the edge of the blank with the adjacent pattern texture has the repeatedly printed pattern texture, and the edge of the fired ceramic large plate also has the repeated pattern texture. In the step (4), the ceramic plate needs to be subjected to edge grinding treatment after being fired and formed, so that the ceramic plate is subjected to shape modification and round edge grinding, and the part with repeated answers on the large ceramic plate is ground off, so that the patterns can be completely matched after the ceramic plates are spliced.
Carry out the edge extension through printing the ink jet pattern on the ceramic plate, get rid of the edge that will expand through polishing after firing, can get rid of the influence that the body burns till the shrinkage factor, make the ceramic plate after the amalgamation, the pattern can coincide, and after polylith ceramic plate was laid, the pattern texture can extend at one side or multiaspect for the pattern texture is natural at will, the third dimension is strong. When the ceramic plates shrink after being fired, the patterns on the ceramic plates shrink difficultly, the edges of the patterns deform or shrink, when the ceramic plates are spliced, gaps and dislocation exist between the patterns of two adjacent plates, and the problems of splicing gaps and dislocation are solved by adopting the ink-jet printing mode and the edge grinding operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the pattern edge extension of an inkjet printed small image of a method of making a stone-faced ceramic panel according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
A preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate;
(2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the edges of the patterns of the small graphs, and inputting the small graphs into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank;
(3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration;
(4) and edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched.
In the decoration step of the invention, the edge of the divided small picture is expanded and then is subjected to ink-jet printing, so that the pattern texture printed on the blank is also expanded, the edge of the blank with the adjacent pattern texture has the repeatedly printed pattern texture, and the edge of the fired ceramic large plate also has the repeated pattern texture. In the step (4), the ceramic plate needs to be subjected to edge grinding treatment after being fired and formed, so that the ceramic plate is subjected to shape modification and round edge grinding, and the part with repeated answers on the large ceramic plate is ground off, so that the patterns can be completely matched after the ceramic plates are spliced.
Carry out the edge extension through printing the ink jet pattern on the ceramic plate, get rid of the edge that will expand through polishing after firing, can get rid of the influence that the body burns till the shrinkage factor, make the ceramic plate after the amalgamation, the pattern can coincide, and after polylith ceramic plate was laid, the pattern texture can extend at one side or multiaspect for the pattern texture is natural at will, the third dimension is strong. When the ceramic plates shrink after being fired, the patterns on the ceramic plates shrink difficultly, the edges of the patterns deform or shrink, when the ceramic plates are spliced, gaps and dislocation exist between the patterns of two adjacent plates, and the problems of splicing gaps and dislocation are solved by adopting the ink-jet printing mode and the edge grinding operation.
Further, in the step (2), the size of the ink-jet printing pattern is consistent with that of the blank body, and the pattern expansion edge of the small picture is printed on the edge of the blank body through ink-jet printing to form a pattern expansion edge;
in the step (4), during the edge grinding treatment, the pattern extending edges on the ceramic large plates are ground, so that when a plurality of ceramic large plates corresponding to one large image are spliced, the texture joint parts of two adjacent ceramic large plates are matched.
In the step (2), the pattern printed by ink jet can completely cover the blank, and the pattern texture extends to the edge of the blank, so that the grinding amount of the ceramic large plate can be reduced in the edge grinding process, and the process difficulty is reduced.
Further, the pattern expansion edge of the small picture is expanded towards the pattern connected with the small picture, namely the size of the screenshot of the small picture is increased, and the expansion edge of the small picture is not filled with pure color, so that the pattern texture on the edge of the ceramic large plate after the edge of the ceramic large plate is ground can extend to the edge of the ceramic large plate, and the matching pattern is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, schematically and by way of example, when 12 large ceramic plates are combined into a repeating pattern, fig. 1a is a dividing manner of dividing a large figure into two small figures, fig. 1b is a position arrangement of the large figure in the repeating pattern, and fig. 1c is a schematic diagram of the 12 large ceramic plates combined into the repeating pattern, wherein a dashed frame represents a texture range of the pattern after the small figure is expanded, and an expanded edge is formed between the dashed frame and a solid frame and forms an expanded edge of the large ceramic plate.
Further, in steps (2) and (4), the preset grinding amount of one side of the ceramic plate is Δ L, the pattern expansion width on the blank is L1, and the shrinkage rate after firing of the blank is a, which is 2 × Δ L/L1. The width of the pattern expansion edge is calculated according to the preset grinding amount and the blank shrinkage rate, so that the grinding operation after the ceramic plate is sintered is facilitated. Specifically, the pattern expansion edge on the blank body is positioned at the periphery of the blank body, and the pattern texture can extend to the edge of the ceramic plate by grinding the expansion edge of the ceramic plate, so that the patterns of two adjacent ceramic plates can be completely matched. The preset grinding amount Δ L is 25-40mm, i.e., the sum of the grinding amounts on opposite sides of the ceramic plate is 25-40 mm.
Further, in the step (2), a large image is printed on a group of blanks through ink jet, and the group of ceramic large plates polished after being fired can be spliced into the pattern of the large image; the multiple groups of ceramic large plates are laid to present repeated pattern textures. When the pattern texture imitates the natural stone, the formed repeated pattern texture is fluent and natural. In other embodiments, a large image is printed on a group of blanks by ink-jet printing, and the group of ceramic large plates polished after firing can be spliced into the pattern of the large image, which is a non-repetitive single pattern texture, so that irregular textures, landscape images, character images, animal images and the like can be presented.
Further, in the step (1), the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises 6-10% of edging slag and 1-3% of polishing slag in percentage by weight. The edging slag is the slag generated by the ceramic plate edging process, the slag has the same components with the ceramic tile, and the slag is added as clinker in the ceramic plate raw material. When the amount of clinker in the formula is too much, crystal form conversion does not exist during firing, the activity of single structure is stable and reduced, and the intermolecular binding force is weak, so that the strength of the sintered green brick is influenced. The polishing slag is waste slag generated in the surface polishing process of the ceramic plate, contains resin, silicon carbide, magnesium chloride and other components, is oxidized to generate carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide gas in the firing process when introduced into a production formula, and gradually forms pores in the blank body in the gas discharge process, so that ceramic products are deformed, the compactness and the performance are reduced, and the ceramic products are difficult to recycle, and even if the ceramic products are used, the ceramic products are also used for low-quality road or foamed ceramic tiles. According to the invention, the usage amount of the edging slag and the polishing slag is controlled to be 6-10% and 1-3%, the influence of the waste slag on the quality of the ceramic tile is prevented while the waste slag is utilized, the oxidation performance of the blank formula is better in the usage amount range of the waste slag, and the better atomization performance of the sintered ceramic tile is ensured.
Further, the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 33-39% of weathered aluminum sand, 25-35% of potassium-sodium sand, 3-7% of magnesia, 8-12% of black mud and 7-10% of bentonite.
By adjusting the formula of the ceramic plate blank, the oxidation performance of the formula is optimal, and the ceramic plate has good quality. Weathered aluminum sand provides aluminum oxide and silicon oxide for a formula system, potassium-sodium sand is used for providing potassium-sodium elements and silicon oxide for the formula, magnesia soil is used for providing magnesium elements for the formula, and black mud and bentonite are used for improving the plasticity of raw materials.
The preparation process of the blank body comprises the following steps:
a. respectively crushing the raw materials;
b. adding powder of each raw material into a ball mill according to a formula proportion, adding 0.5 percent of dispergator, 0.4 percent of water glass and 0.1 percent of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) based on the total weight of the formula, adding water, mixing the mixture into the ball mill, and carrying out ball milling to obtain slurry with the fineness meeting the requirement;
c. spray-drying the slurry to obtain granulated powder, and storing the powder for aging;
d. distributing the powder in a press mold frame, and pressing into a blank;
e. and drying the green body.
Further, the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 36% of weathered aluminum sand, 30% of potassium-sodium sand, 5% of magnesia, 10% of black mud, 9% of bentonite, 8% of edging slag and 2% of polishing slag. The formula has the optimal oxidation performance, so that various performances of the ceramic plate are optimal.
Further, in the step (1), the blank adopts colored powder to be distributed in a multi-pipe distribution mode, so that the texture of the pressed blank is matched with the texture of the ink-jet printing pattern; applying base coat on the blank;
in step (2), a transparent protective layer is applied on the blank with the ink-jet printing pattern.
The preparation of the whole brick can be realized by the existing multi-pipe material distribution mode, the green brick has whole texture, the surface pattern is matched with the whole texture of the green brick, and the decorative effect of the ceramic large plate is improved. The protection of the bottom layer pattern texture is realized by arranging a protective layer on the blank body, and the transparent protective layer is formed in a glaze spraying mode or a dry particle applying mode.
The pattern texture decoration of the ceramic large plate can extend to the edge of the large plate, and the effect of completely matching the pattern texture after the large plate is spliced is realized by printing the expanded small picture and edging the small picture after firing.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate, wherein the blank is subjected to press forming after material distribution is finished by adopting the conventional material distribution mode;
(2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the pattern edges of the small graphs, and inputting the expanded pattern edges into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank, and the pattern expansion edges of the small graphs are expanded towards the patterns connected with the small graphs; the size of the ink-jet printing pattern is consistent with that of the blank body, and the pattern expansion edge of the small figure is printed on the edge of the blank body through ink-jet printing to form a pattern expansion edge; the preset grinding amount of one side of the ceramic plate is delta L, the width of the pattern expansion side on the green body is L1, the shrinkage rate of the green body after firing is A, and A is 2 x delta L/L1;
(3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration;
(4) and edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched. When the edge grinding is carried out, the pattern expanding edges on the ceramic large plates are ground, so that when a plurality of ceramic large plates corresponding to one large image are spliced, the texture joint parts of two adjacent ceramic large plates are matched.
Example 2
A preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate, wherein the blank is subjected to press forming after material distribution is finished by adopting the conventional material distribution mode; applying base coat on the blank;
(2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the pattern edges of the small graphs, and inputting the expanded pattern edges into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank, and the pattern expansion edges of the small graphs are expanded towards the patterns connected with the small graphs; the size of the ink-jet printing pattern is consistent with that of the blank body, and the pattern expansion edge of the small figure is printed on the edge of the blank body through ink-jet printing to form a pattern expansion edge; the preset grinding amount of one side of the ceramic plate is delta L, the width of the pattern expansion side on the green body is L1, the shrinkage rate of the green body after firing is A, and A is 2 x delta L/L1;
after the ink-jet printing is finished, spreading protective glaze on the blank;
(3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration;
(4) and edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched. When the edge grinding is carried out, the pattern expanding edges on the ceramic large plates are ground, so that when a plurality of ceramic large plates corresponding to one large image are spliced, the texture joint parts of two adjacent ceramic large plates are matched.
In this embodiment, a large image is printed on a group of blanks by ink-jet printing, and the group of ceramic large plates polished after firing can be spliced into the pattern of the large image; the multiple groups of ceramic large plates are laid to present repeated pattern textures.
Example 3
The preparation method of the stone polyhedral ceramic panel of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, except that in the step (1), the blank body is distributed by adopting colored powder in a multi-pipe distribution mode, so that the texture of the pressed blank body is matched with the texture of the ink-jet printing pattern.
The process steps of example 4 are the same as example 1, the process steps of example 5 are the same as example 2, and the green body formulations of examples 1-5 are shown in the following table in weight percent:
| raw materials | Example B1 | Example B2 | Example B3 | Example B4 | Example B5 |
| Weathered aluminum sand | 33％ | 39％ | 36％ | 38％ | 35％ |
| Potassium sodium sand | 35％ | 26％ | 30％ | 28％ | 32％ |
| Magnesia soil | 7％ | 3％ | 5％ | 6％ | 4％ |
| Black mud | 8％ | 12％ | 10％ | 9％ | 11％ |
| Bentonite clay | 10％ | 7％ | 9％ | 8％ | 9％ |
| Edging slag | 6％ | 10％ | 8％ | 10％ | 7％ |
| Polishing slag | 1％ | 3％ | 2％ | 1％ | 2％ |
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of a ceramic slab, having the same steps as in example 3, except that the formulation of the slab, in weight percent, is as shown in the following table:
| weathered aluminum sand | Potassium sodium sand | Magnesia soil | Black mud | Bentonite clay | Edging slag | Polishing slag |
| 36％ | 35％ | 5％ | 10％ | 9％ | 4％ | 1％ |
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of a ceramic slab, having the same steps as in example 3, except that the formulation of the slab, in weight percent, is as shown in the following table:
| weathered aluminum sand | Potassium sodium sand | Magnesia soil | Black mud | Bentonite clay | Edging slag | Polishing slag |
| 36％ | 35％ | 6％ | 10％ | 10％ | 10％ | 4％ |
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of a ceramic slab, having the same steps as in example 3, except that the formulation of the slab, in weight percent, is as shown in the following table:
| weathered aluminum sand | Potassium sodium sand | Magnesia soil | Black mud | Bentonite clay | Edging slag | Polishing slag |
| 33％ | 30％ | 6％ | 10％ | 8％ | 8％ | 4％ |
The ceramic plates prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined, and the examination results were as follows:
the data in the table show that when the usage amount of the edging slag and the polishing slag is small, the blank performance is not affected, and when the usage amount of the edging slag and the polishing slag is increased to a certain degree, the blank performance is greatly affected. When the consumption of the edging slag and the polishing slag is 8 percent and 2 percent, the utilization of a large amount of waste slag can be realized, and the ceramic plate has better performance.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a stone polyhedral ceramic large plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank of the ceramic large plate;
(2) decorating the blank in an ink-jet printing mode: dividing a large graph into a plurality of small graphs at the input end of an ink-jet printer, expanding the edges of the patterns of the small graphs, and inputting the small graphs into the ink-jet printer to print on a blank, wherein each small graph corresponds to one blank;
(3) firing in a kiln to obtain a ceramic large plate with pattern texture decoration;
(4) edging the fired ceramic large plates for enabling the patterns of the two adjacent ceramic large plates to be matched;
in the step (2), the size of the ink-jet printing pattern is consistent with that of the blank body, and the pattern expansion edge of the small graph forms a pattern expansion edge on the edge of the blank body through ink-jet printing;
in the step (4), when the edge grinding is performed, the pattern extending edges on the ceramic large plates are ground, so that when a plurality of ceramic large plates corresponding to one large image are spliced, the texture joint parts of two adjacent ceramic large plates are matched;
in the steps (2) and (4), a preset grinding amount of one side of the ceramic plate is Δ L, a pattern expansion side width on the blank is L1, a shrinkage rate of the blank after being fired is a, and a is 2 × (Δ L/L1;
in the step (1), the blank formula of the ceramic large plate comprises 6-10% of edging slag and 1-3% of polishing slag in percentage by weight;
the blank formula of the ceramic large plate further comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 33-39% of weathered aluminum sand, 25-35% of potassium-sodium sand, 3-7% of magnesia, 8-12% of black mud and 7-10% of bentonite.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pattern extension edge of the small figure is extended toward the pattern where the small figure meets.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a large pattern is printed on a group of blanks by ink-jet printing, and the group of ceramic large plates polished after firing can be combined into the pattern of the large pattern; and multiple groups of ceramic large plates are laid to present repeated pattern textures.
4. The method for preparing the stone-faced ceramic slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blank formulation of the ceramic slab comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 36% of weathered aluminum sand, 30% of potassium-sodium sand, 5% of magnesia, 10% of black mud, 9% of bentonite, 8% of edging slag and 2% of polishing slag.
5. The method for preparing a stone-faced ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step (1), said green body is coated with colored powders in a multi-tube coating manner, so that the texture of the pressed green body matches the texture of the ink-jet printed pattern; applying base coat on the blank;
in the step (2), a transparent protective layer is coated on the blank with the ink-jet printing pattern.
6. A ceramic large plate obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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