CN110055748A - 一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法 - Google Patents

一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110055748A
CN110055748A CN201910258877.3A CN201910258877A CN110055748A CN 110055748 A CN110055748 A CN 110055748A CN 201910258877 A CN201910258877 A CN 201910258877A CN 110055748 A CN110055748 A CN 110055748A
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施硕锋
俞浩良
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Shanghai Jinwan Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公布了织带用抗菌纤维制备技术领域的一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，首先需要进行纺丝原液和抗菌液制备，随后将纺丝原液通过泵缓慢注入到纺丝原料罐中，同时以10r/s的速率缓慢增加至100r/s直至恒速，再将离心纺纺丝原料罐的纺丝孔打开，在重力和离心力作用下，纺丝原液经离心纺丝后得到纤维膜，将纤维膜置于真空度为0.1MPa，温度为120‑145℃的真空干燥箱中干燥4h，得到干燥的纤维膜，然后将干燥的纤维膜通过95～97℃热水清洗并冷却，通过抗菌液沐浴后再次置于真空干燥箱中干燥6h，即可制得抗菌纤维丝，然后将抗菌纤维丝经上油处理后制得抗菌纤维，抗菌纤维具有良好的透气性和吸水性。

Description

一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及织带用抗菌纤维制备技术领域，具体为一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法。
背景技术
织带是以各种纱线为原料制成狭幅状织物或管状织物，带织物品种繁多，广泛用于服饰、鞋材、箱包、工业、农业、军需、交通运输等各产业部门，人们在着装过程中，经常会使用到服装外部的织带，而织带由于长期暴露在外，不可避免地会附着上各种有害细菌，所以人们在使用织带的同时，手上会沾染很多有害细菌，如果不能及时清洗，则有害病菌和病毒极有可能危害人体健康，尤其是对小孩子造成的危害更大，因此我们提出一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，该种织带用抗菌纤维的制备原料为：
(1)纺丝原液的原材料重量份数：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯100份；聚丙烯腈15～25份；有机溶剂100～150份；抗静电剂5～10份；平顺剂5～10份；聚乙烯醇20～30份。
(2)抗菌液的原材料重量份数：葡萄糖6～10份；酵母浸膏3～5份；琼脂10～15份；蛋白胨3～5份；去离子水60～100份；柠檬酸4份；氢氧化钠溶液20份；硝酸锌溶液2份；硝酸银溶液2份；3％柠檬酸三钠溶液30～40份。
该种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法的具体步骤为：
A：纺丝原液制备：将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯腈与有机溶剂混合溶解，并在100～120℃下强力搅拌溶解，搅拌时间为500～600min，制得纺丝原液半成品，然后向纺丝原液半成品中加入抗静电剂、平顺剂和聚乙烯醇，并在80～100℃下强力搅拌20～40分钟，制得纺丝原液；
B：抗菌液制备：
(1)首先将葡萄糖、酵母浸膏、琼脂、蛋白胨、去离子水混合均匀，并用柠檬酸调节pH为5.0-6.0；
(2)然后溶液经过高温灭菌后得到发酵培养基，再按接种量5-8％(V/V)将木醋杆菌接种至发酵培养基中，在30℃恒温培养箱中培养8-10天，取出凝胶状产物，得到细菌纤维素水凝胶膜；
(3)将细菌纤维素水凝胶膜多次浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中，再用去离子水浸泡洗涤至洗涤液呈中性，得纯化细菌纤维素凝胶；
(4)取硝酸银、硝酸锌溶液加入去离子水中并混合均匀，再以2mL/min滴加质量分数为3％柠檬酸三钠溶液，得到银锌抗菌液；
C：纤维膜制备：将纺丝原液通过泵缓慢注入到纺丝原料罐中，同时以10r/s的速率缓慢增加至100r/s直至恒速，再将离心纺纺丝原料罐的纺丝孔打开，在重力和离心力作用下，纺丝原液经离心纺丝后得到纤维膜；
D：抗菌纤维制备：将纤维膜置于真空度为0.1MPa，温度为120-145℃的真空干燥箱中干燥4h，得到干燥的纤维膜，然后将干燥的纤维膜通过95～97℃热水清洗并冷却，通过抗菌液沐浴后再次置于真空干燥箱中干燥6h，即可制得抗菌纤维丝，然后将抗菌纤维丝经上油处理后制得抗菌纤维。
优选的，抗静电剂为脂肪酸甘油酯和聚乙二醇按重量比2：1的混合物，平顺剂为脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醇，有机溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺，聚乙烯醇的分子量为30000～35000。
优选的，步骤C中泵供量为1～1.5g/min，喷丝头为60～80孔，步骤D中纤维膜通过热水清洗时的速率为3～5m/min，步骤D中纤维膜通过抗菌液浴时的速率为2～3m/min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1.该发明制备的主要原料是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和有机溶剂，此外还有抗静电剂和平顺剂等助剂，保证抗菌纤维具有良好的性能，平顺剂能够使得制得的纤维表面毛刺更少、更加平顺，使其具有更好的纺织性能；增加助剂的同时还添加量一定量的聚丙烯腈，能够改善涤纶纤维的手感，使其手感不至于太生硬；
2.本发明中的纤维的抗菌性能是通过纤维中吸附具有抗菌作用的抗菌液，随后再通过真空烘干燥箱制得，为了增进纤维的吸附性能，先需要在纤维中制造出丰富的孔洞结构，具体来说就是在纺丝原料中添加一部分能够在后续步骤中能够被去除的组分，本发明中选用的是聚乙烯醇，聚乙烯醇是一种可溶于水的高分子聚合物，但其在冷水中的溶解度较低，几乎难以溶解，但是其在热水中溶解度较高，选用聚乙烯醇作为获得纤维中孔洞结构添加原料，既可以保证孔洞结构的实现，也能保证纤维中有聚乙烯醇残留后，残留的聚乙烯醇也不会对纤维的强度等性能产生不良影响，也不会因遇水后使得纤维的强度下降；
3.将抗菌液与纺丝液混合纺丝，制得的纤维具有优良的抗菌除臭性能，本发明的抗菌液具有良好的吸水性和生物相容性，具有持久、高效的杀菌特点，利用抗菌液制得的抗菌纤维还具有良好的透气性和吸水性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，包括如下步骤：
A：纺丝原液制备：将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯腈与有机溶剂混合溶解，并在120℃下强力搅拌溶解，搅拌时间为500min，制得纺丝原液半成品，然后向纺丝原液半成品中加入抗静电剂、平顺剂和聚乙烯醇，并在100℃下强力搅拌40分钟，制得纺丝原液；
B：抗菌液制备：
(1)首先将葡萄糖、酵母浸膏、琼脂、蛋白胨、去离子水混合均匀，并用柠檬酸调节pH为5.0-6.0；
(2)然后溶液经过高温灭菌后得到发酵培养基，再按接种量5-8％(V/V)将木醋杆菌接种至发酵培养基中，在30℃恒温培养箱中培养10天，取出凝胶状产物，得到细菌纤维素水凝胶膜；
(3)将细菌纤维素水凝胶膜多次浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中，再用去离子水浸泡洗涤至洗涤液呈中性，得纯化细菌纤维素凝胶；
(4)取硝酸银、硝酸锌溶液加入去离子水中并混合均匀，再以2mL/min滴加质量分数为3％柠檬酸三钠溶液，得到银锌抗菌液；
C：纤维膜制备：将纺丝原液通过泵缓慢注入到纺丝原料罐中，同时以10r/s的速率缓慢增加至100r/s直至恒速，再将离心纺纺丝原料罐的纺丝孔打开，在重力和离心力作用下，纺丝原液经离心纺丝后得到纤维膜；
D：抗菌纤维制备：将纤维膜置于真空度为0.1MPa，温度为130℃的真空干燥箱中干燥4h，得到干燥的纤维膜，然后将干燥的纤维膜通过95℃热水清洗并冷却，通过抗菌液沐浴后再次置于真空干燥箱中干燥6h，即可制得抗菌纤维丝，然后将抗菌纤维丝经上油处理后制得抗菌纤维。
实施例2
一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，包括如下步骤：
A：纺丝原液制备：将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯腈与有机溶剂混合溶解，并在100℃下强力搅拌溶解，搅拌时间为500min，制得纺丝原液半成品，然后向纺丝原液半成品中加入抗静电剂、平顺剂和聚乙烯醇，并在90℃下强力搅拌30分钟，制得纺丝原液；
B：抗菌液制备：
(1)首先将葡萄糖、酵母浸膏、琼脂、蛋白胨、去离子水混合均匀，并用柠檬酸调节pH为5.0-6.0；
(2)然后溶液经过高温灭菌后得到发酵培养基，再按接种量5-8％(V/V)将木醋杆菌接种至发酵培养基中，在30℃恒温培养箱中培养8天，取出凝胶状产物，得到细菌纤维素水凝胶膜；
(3)将细菌纤维素水凝胶膜多次浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中，再用去离子水浸泡洗涤至洗涤液呈中性，得纯化细菌纤维素凝胶；
(4)取硝酸银、硝酸锌溶液加入去离子水中并混合均匀，再以2mL/min滴加质量分数为3％柠檬酸三钠溶液，得到银锌抗菌液；
C：纤维膜制备：将纺丝原液通过泵缓慢注入到纺丝原料罐中，同时以10r/s的速率缓慢增加至100r/s直至恒速，再将离心纺纺丝原料罐的纺丝孔打开，在重力和离心力作用下，纺丝原液经离心纺丝后得到纤维膜；
D：抗菌纤维制备：将纤维膜置于真空度为0.1MPa，温度为120℃的真空干燥箱中干燥4h，得到干燥的纤维膜，然后将干燥的纤维膜通过95℃热水清洗并冷却，通过抗菌液沐浴后再次置于真空干燥箱中干燥6h，即可制得抗菌纤维丝，然后将抗菌纤维丝经上油处理后制得抗菌纤维。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (4)

1.一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，其特征在于：该种织带用抗菌纤维的制备原料为：
(1)纺丝原液的原材料重量份数：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯100份；聚丙烯腈15～25份；有机溶剂100～150份；抗静电剂5～10份；平顺剂5～10份；聚乙烯醇20～30份。
(2)抗菌液的原材料重量份数：葡萄糖6～10份；酵母浸膏3～5份；琼脂10～15份；蛋白胨3～5份；去离子水60～100份；柠檬酸4份；氢氧化钠溶液20份；硝酸锌溶液2份；硝酸银溶液2份；3％柠檬酸三钠溶液30～40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，其特征在于：该种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法的具体步骤为：
A：纺丝原液制备：将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯腈与有机溶剂混合溶解，并在100～120℃下强力搅拌溶解，搅拌时间为500～600min，制得纺丝原液半成品，然后向纺丝原液半成品中加入抗静电剂、平顺剂和聚乙烯醇，并在80～100℃下强力搅拌20～40分钟，制得纺丝原液；
B：抗菌液制备：
(1)首先将葡萄糖、酵母浸膏、琼脂、蛋白胨、去离子水混合均匀，并用柠檬酸调节pH为5.0-6.0；
(2)然后溶液经过高温灭菌后得到发酵培养基，再按接种量5-8％(V/V)将木醋杆菌接种至发酵培养基中，在30℃恒温培养箱中培养8-10天，取出凝胶状产物，得到细菌纤维素水凝胶膜；
(3)将细菌纤维素水凝胶膜多次浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中，再用去离子水浸泡洗涤至洗涤液呈中性，得纯化细菌纤维素凝胶；
(4)取硝酸银、硝酸锌溶液加入去离子水中并混合均匀，再以2mL/min滴加质量分数为3％柠檬酸三钠溶液，得到银锌抗菌液；
C：纤维膜制备：将纺丝原液通过泵缓慢注入到纺丝原料罐中，同时以10r/s的速率缓慢增加至100r/s直至恒速，再将离心纺纺丝原料罐的纺丝孔打开，在重力和离心力作用下，纺丝原液经离心纺丝后得到纤维膜；
D：抗菌纤维制备：将纤维膜置于真空度为0.1MPa，温度为120-145℃的真空干燥箱中干燥4h，得到干燥的纤维膜，然后将干燥的纤维膜通过95～97℃热水清洗并冷却，通过抗菌液沐浴后再次置于真空干燥箱中干燥6h，即可制得抗菌纤维丝，然后将抗菌纤维丝经上油处理后制得抗菌纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，其特征在于：抗静电剂为脂肪酸甘油酯和聚乙二醇按重量比2：1的混合物，平顺剂为脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醇，有机溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺，聚乙烯醇的分子量为30000～35000。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种织带用抗菌纤维制备方法，其特征在于：步骤C中泵供量为1～1.5g/min，喷丝头为60～80孔，步骤D中纤维膜通过热水清洗时的速率为3～5m/min，步骤D中纤维膜通过抗菌液浴时的速率为2～3m/min。
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