CN110050918A - 一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L2/42—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/123—Bulgaricus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
- A23V2400/249—Thermophilus
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于发酵饮料生产技术领域,具体是一种安全且有营养的白菜发酵饮料制备方法。所述方法包括如下步骤:(1)挑拣:挑选鲜嫩,无枯叶,病叶的白菜为原料;(2)清洗:用流动水清洗,同时去掉枯枝枯叶,切碎成小块;(3)漂烫:85~90℃热水浸泡10min,达到钝化酶,软化组织,护色,灭菌的效果;(4)称量:将处理好的白菜称取装入分液漏斗中,加入含有盐和糖的蒸馏水;(5)接种:加入含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的酸奶,同时加入蜂蜜;(6)封口:将水倒满分液漏斗,密封,避光,17℃下发酵30天。本发明提供了一种安全且有营养的白菜发酵饮料制备方法,制备的白菜饮料既营养又安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于发酵饮料生产技术领域,具体是一种安全且有营养的白菜发酵饮料制备方法。
背景技术
伴随时代的进步,国内饮料市场也有很大的变化,随着食品工业的发展和生活水平的提升,人们对饮食结构提出了更高的要求。发酵饮料作为新型饮料产品进入了人们的视野中,发酵饮料中含有大量营养与保健功效的乳酸菌,符合人们对于更加健康的生活观念。在我们的生活中,摄取足够的维生素,例如胡萝卜素,番茄红素,维生素B、C族等等已成为日常所需,但是我们的日常饮食中很难做到营养均衡。
经过发酵后的蔬菜饮料比起蔬菜来不但营养更加丰富而且保质期延长;除此之外,蔬菜饮料生产原料充足具有良好的经济效益。
乳酸菌作为发酵菌剂,具有极高的营养价值,能维持肠胃道菌群的微生态平衡:在健康人的肠道中,各类细菌保持着相对稳定的数量及定居部位,他们共同形成一个互相制约,互相协调微生态系统,而乳酸菌群在其中扮演着重要的角色,它们能产生重要的抑制物质,用来调节菌群之间的稳定关系,主要物质如下:
醋酸和乳酸:使肠道内pH降低,促进肠胃蠕动及消化,防止病原性细菌的感染。
过氧化氢:防止致病菌的生长。
细菌素:对多类致病微生物有拮抗作用。
胞外糖苷酶:降解肠粘膜上皮细胞的复杂多糖,以排除外在毒素。
由此,乳酸菌具有促进消化,提高免疫力,排除毒素等的健身健体效果。
提高感观及风味。
乳酸菌能提高感观及风味:饮料的风味很大程度上决定了消费者的喜好程度,而乳酸菌发酵可以增加风味,在发酵过程中,乳酸菌产生的例如乳酸,乙酸,丙酸等有机酸会给予饮料以一种温和的酸味,形成蔬菜发酵饮料的特殊风味,同时还可以与发酵过程中产生的其余的不同物质,比如酒精和醛类相互作用,增添额外的风味。除此之外,乳酸发酵还能消除蔬菜原本的异味怪味等等。因此,乳酸发酵饮料具有独特的风味。
乳酸菌能提高饮料的营养价值:经过乳酸菌发酵后,维生素,氨基酸,矿物微量元素等营养成分的含量和种类都会增加许多,从而大大提高了发酵蔬菜饮料的营养价值,而且乳酸发酵可以产生多种酶,促进机体对营养的吸收。
乳酸菌能提高饮料安全性,延长保存期:发酵食品具有较高的安全性,发酵是一种廉价并且.低能耗的保存易坏原料的方式,在发酵过程中会有许多的抑菌物质产生,包括有机酸,过氧化氢,二氧化碳,双乙酰和细菌素它们的存在可以很明显的抑制腐败细菌的生长,发酵的主要代谢物乳酸,对于防止食品变质有着重要的作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种白菜发酵饮料的制备方法。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,所述制备方法包括将白菜发酵,发酵过程中加入乳酸菌。
上述一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)挑拣:挑选鲜嫩,无枯叶,病叶的白菜为原料;
(2)清洗:用流动水清洗,切碎成小块;
(3)漂烫:85~90℃热水浸烫;
(4)称量:将处理好的白菜,加入含有盐和糖的水;
(5)接种:加入含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的酸奶,接种量为5%,同时加入蜂蜜;
(6)封口:密封,避光,17℃下发酵30天。
所述乳酸菌为保加利亚乳杆菌和/或嗜热链球菌。
所述糖为白砂糖或蔗糖。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:采用白菜接种发酵,制成既安全又营养的新型白菜饮料。本发明方法制备的白菜饮料有独特的口味,而且价格便宜,营养保健价值高,白菜含有大量汁液,较易得到蔬菜原汁,经过杀菌发酵处理,即可在不破坏白菜品味和营养的基础上,提高饮料的营养,加入不同的味素以提高口感,此饮料包含丰富蔬菜的成分,总酸为2.70~3.69、糖度为3.5%~9.8,酸甜可口,可以满足各类人群对蔬菜营养及保健的需求,满足人们在饮料口味上的消费欲望;本发明方法制备的白菜饮料中的亚硝酸均≤0.05ug,含量明显低于蒸馏水,致病菌没检出、乳酸菌总数≥4×107/ml,具有一定的解毒功能;白菜保质期短,易腐烂,但是在发酵过程中会有许多的抑菌物质产生,可显著抑制腐败细菌的生长,发酵的主要代谢物乳酸,对于防止食品变质有着重要的作用,因此本发明方法制备的白菜饮料不仅在白菜原有的鲜味及营养物质上进一步补充营养成分,且能进一步提高饮料的安全性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本申请做进一步说明。
一种安全且有营养的白菜发酵饮料制备方法,具体步骤如下:(1)挑拣:挑选鲜嫩,无枯叶,病叶的白菜为原料;(2)清洗:用流动水清洗,同时去掉枯枝枯叶,切碎成小块;(3)漂烫:85~90℃热水浸泡10min,达到钝化酶,软化组织,护色,灭菌的效果;(4)称量:将处理好的白菜称取60g分别装入分液漏斗中,加190ml毫升蒸馏水(其中含有0.5%盐量和10%糖量);(5)接种:含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的酸奶,接种量5%,同时加入10%蜂蜜;(6)封口:将水倒满分液漏斗,密封,避光,17℃下发酵30天。
实施例1
把挑拣好,清洗过的白菜叶片切碎成小块,用水温为90℃的热水,烫10min,取出后迅速投入冷水中漂洗,把漂洗后的白菜放在筛筐中沥去表面水分,称量60g分别装入漏斗中,加190ml毫升蒸馏水(其中含有0.5%盐和10%白砂糖),把含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的新鲜酸奶,取5ml,加入漏斗中,摇匀,密封;于17℃保温发酵30d,即可。
发酵饮料最终理化指标如下:
实施例2
把挑拣好,清洗过的白菜叶片切碎成小块,用水温为85℃的热水,烫10min,取出后迅速投入冷水中漂洗,把漂洗后的白菜放在筛筐中沥去表面水分,称量60g分别装入漏斗中,加190ml毫升蒸馏水(其中含有0.5%盐和10%蔗糖),把含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的新鲜酸奶,取5ml,加入漏斗中,摇匀,密封;于17℃保温发酵30d,即可。
发酵饮料最终理化指标如下:
实施例3
把挑拣好,清洗过的白菜叶片切碎成小块,用水温为90℃的热水,烫10min,取出后迅速投入冷水中漂洗,把漂洗后的白菜放在筛筐中沥去表面水分,称量60g分别装入漏斗中,加190ml毫升蒸馏水(其中含有0.5%盐和10%白砂糖),把含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的新鲜酸奶,取5ml,加入漏斗中,摇匀,密封;于15℃保温发酵30d,即可。
发酵饮料最终理化指标如下:
实施例4
选取实施例1中制备的白菜饮料进行感官评价,实验中选取12人。评价标准如下:
感官评价标准:
色泽(10分) | 香气(10分) | 口感(10分) |
色泽鲜艳,澄清8~10分 | 蔬菜汁发酵香味浓郁纯正8~10分 | 酸甜适宜,好喝可口8~10分 |
色泽较鲜艳,较澄清5~7分 | 具有蔬菜汁发酵香味5~7分 | 酸甜不适宜,较好喝5~7分 |
色泽较淡,浑浊0~4分 | 香味较淡0~4分 | 酸味过中,不好喝0~4分 |
评价结果如下表:
色泽 | 香气 | 口感 | 总分 | 备注 | |
1 | 9 | 8 | 9.5 | 26.5 | 酸甜,最好 |
2 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 | 25.5 | 酸甜 |
3 | 9 | 8 | 8.5 | 25.5 | 酸甜 |
4 | 8 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 23 | 过酸 |
5 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 | 25.5 | 酸甜 |
6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8 | 23 | 酸甜 |
7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 23 | 酸甜 |
8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 21 | 菇味较好闻,淡 |
9 | 7 | 7 | 7.5 | 21.5 | 酸味 |
10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 19 | 有酒味 |
11 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 | 酸甜 |
12 | 8 | 7 | 8.5 | 23.5 | 酸甜,较好 |
由上表可以看出,本发明方法制备的饮料酸甜可口,风味适宜,为大多数人所能接受。
Claims (4)
1.一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括将白菜发酵,发酵过程中加入乳酸菌。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)挑拣:挑选鲜嫩,无枯叶,病叶的白菜为原料;
(2)清洗:用流动水清洗,切碎成小块;
(3)漂烫:85~90℃热水浸烫;
(4)称量:将处理好的白菜,加入含有盐和糖的水;
(5)接种:加入含有保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌的酸奶,同时加入蜂蜜;
(6)封口:密封,避光,17℃下发酵30天。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸奶中含有的乳酸菌为保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种白菜发酵饮料制备方法,其特征在于,所述糖为白砂糖或蔗糖。
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