CN110043106A - 聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法 - Google Patents

聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN110043106A
CN110043106A CN201910163678.4A CN201910163678A CN110043106A CN 110043106 A CN110043106 A CN 110043106A CN 201910163678 A CN201910163678 A CN 201910163678A CN 110043106 A CN110043106 A CN 110043106A
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granite
tomb
cement
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polymer
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杨桂荣
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Shanghai Yangyi Garden Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法，所述聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓采用两层或三层结构或上下复合结构，两层或三层结构具体由两层或一层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成；上下复合结构的上部全部为天然花岗岩板材，上下复合结构的下部全部为聚合物水泥或两层复合。本发明抗折强度高，提高抗冲击性能，不易碎和不易开裂。

Description

聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种墓箱及其制作方法，特别是涉及一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法。
背景技术
目前殡葬行业，埋置骨灰盒时使用的墓箱有两种；一种是水泥制作的人造石墓箱，一种是用天然石材制作的石箱。前者容易制作，经济实用，节约资源，但因其抗折强度低，易碎，易开裂，色调单一，外观不美，已无法满足人们追求豪华美观的愿望。后者虽美观漂亮，深受用户喜欢，但加工难度大，成本高，且随着国家环保政策的落实，大理石和花岗岩等天然石材资源已日益紧张，现有储量已难于为继。使用有限的天然石材资源满足人们日益增长的需求则成为殡葬行业长期的任务。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱及其制作方法，其抗折强度高，提高抗冲击性能，不易碎和不易开裂。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的：一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓采用两层或三层结构或上下复合结构，两层或三层结构具体由两层或一层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成；上下复合结构的上部全部为天然花岗岩板材，上下复合结构的下部全部为聚合物水泥或两层复合。
优选地，所述花岗岩板材上设有止水锁紧槽。
优选地，所述聚合物水泥由以下组分：20-35份水泥，25-45份细骨料，25-55份的粗骨料，0.01-0.5份高性能减水剂，1-6份聚合物，0.001-0.005份缓凝剂，0.01-0.1份抗裂增强剂，0.01-10份稳定剂，0.001-0.5份消泡剂，0.5-1.2份大理石涂料。
优选地，所述细骨料是石英砂或河砂或石灰石破碎砂或白云砂。
优选地，所述粗骨料是破碎的石灰石或白云石或花岗岩。
优选地，所述聚合物为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物或氯乙烯-月桂酸乙烯酯-乙烯三元共聚物或苯乙烯—丙烯共聚物。
优选地，所述高性能减水剂为聚羧酸系高效减水剂。
优选地，所述稳定剂是黄元胶或纤维素醚。
本发明还提供一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将花岗岩板组装在模具内，在搅拌器中将聚合物水泥的原料按配比混合，配成粘稠性与高流动性兼具的的聚合物水泥浆料，将浆料注入空腔内，由于浆体具有的高流动性，无需震捣即可自行密实；在浆体凝固达到一定强度后脱模；脱模后的墓箱湿养护；养护好的墓箱待干燥后，根据需要，对裸露的聚合物水泥表面用水包水型花岗岩涂料喷涂，涂料的色泽及花纹与配套使用的天然花岗岩一致。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：本发明抗折强度高，提高抗冲击性能，不易碎和不易开裂，容易加工，防渗性能好，又最大限度的节约使用天然石材资源。
具体实施方式
下面给出本发明较佳实施例，以详细说明本发明的技术方案。
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱采用两层或三层结构，具体由两层或一层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成。本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱也可以采用上下复合结构，上部可以全部为天然花岗岩板材，下部全部为聚合物水泥或两层复合。两层时，内层为天然花岗岩(也可用其它的人造大理石)，外层是聚合物水泥。三层时，内外层为花岗岩板材(或其它的人造大理石板材)，中间层为聚合物水泥。上下复合时，上层为天然花岗岩，下层为聚合物水泥或上述两层结构。
为保证墓箱复合处粘接牢靠，不渗水，花岗岩板材设有止水锁紧槽。
聚合物水泥由以下组分：20-35份水泥，25-45份细骨料，25-55份的粗骨料，0.01-0.5份高性能减水剂，1-6份聚合物，0.001-0.005份缓凝剂，0.01-0.1份抗裂增强剂，0.01-10份稳定剂，0.001-0.5份消泡剂，0.5-1.2份大理石涂料，这样降低成本。
水泥可以为硅酸盐水泥或高铝水泥或铁铝酸盐水泥或硫铝酸盐水泥或其它水硬性胶凝材料。
细骨料可以是石英砂或河砂或石灰石破碎砂或白云砂等。
粗骨料可以是破碎的石灰石或白云石或花岗岩等。
聚合物可以为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物或氯乙烯-月桂酸乙烯酯-乙烯三元共聚物或苯乙烯—丙烯共聚物或其他的为水溶性聚合物。聚合物可以为可分散的粉体，也可为液体。
高性能减水剂可以为聚羧酸系高效减水剂，也可以为其它的与聚合物有相容性的高效减水剂。
稳定剂可以是黄元胶或纤维素醚等有机化合物，也可以是超细的活性矿物粉。
消泡剂可以是有机硅型或矿物油型消泡剂。
大理石涂料是一种装饰性水包水型花岗岩涂料，可以是纯丙烯酸树脂型，也可以是纯丙烯酸硅树脂型。其颜色及花纹与此所用花岗岩的颜色及花纹相同。
花岗岩板材可以是天然大理石或花岗岩，也可以是人造大理石，瓷砖或其他装饰板材，这样方便选料。
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱的制作方法包括以下步骤：将花岗岩板组装在模具内，在搅拌器中将聚合物水泥的原料按配比混合，配成粘稠性与高流动性兼具的的聚合物水泥浆料，将浆料注入空腔内，由于浆体具有的高流动性，无需震捣即可自行密实；在浆体凝固达到一定强度后脱模；脱模后的墓箱湿养护；养护好的墓箱待干燥后，根据需要，对裸露的聚合物水泥表面用水包水型花岗岩涂料喷涂，涂料的色泽及花纹与配套使用的天然花岗岩一致。
模具分为内模、外模和底模。模具为钢模，模具要尺寸准确，平整光滑，不变形。装配好后，表面刷脱模剂，脱模剂使用皂化油。
把聚合物水泥的原材料按照比例加入搅拌机内，充分混合搅拌，严格控制加水量，通过加水量的调整使聚合物水泥浆料具有合适的流动度。
将配制好聚合物水泥浆料缓慢注入模具的空腔内，在室温下静置，进行浇注成型。
聚合物水泥浆料凝固后且达到一定强度后脱模，脱模后的石箱应放置在潮湿的环境下养护28天。养护完成后即制成内部为聚合物水泥，内外表面为天然花岗岩的墓箱。
按照配比配制聚合物水泥浆料，搅拌均匀后这种浆体具有良好的流动性和稳定性，不分层，不泌水，注入模具空腔内后无需震捣，自动密实。凝固后聚合物水泥以其优异的粘接强度使内外层的花岗岩粘接为一体。
实施例1
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱采用两层结构，具体由一层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成。两层时，内层为天然花岗岩(也可用其它的人造大理石)，外层是聚合物水泥。
聚合物水泥由以下组分：26份水泥，30份细骨料，40份的粗骨料，0.25份高性能减水剂，3.25份聚合物，0.005份缓凝剂，0.025份抗裂增强剂，0.005份稳定剂，0.24份消泡剂，0.6份大理石涂料，这样降低成本。
实施例2
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱采用三层结构，具体由两层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成。三层时，内外层为花岗岩板材(或其它的人造大理石板材)，中间层为聚合物水泥。
聚合物水泥由以下组分：35份水泥，45份细骨料，25份的粗骨料，0.01份高性能减水剂，1份聚合物，0.001份缓凝剂，0.1份抗裂增强剂，10份稳定剂，0.5份消泡剂，1.2份大理石涂料，这样降低成本。
实施例3
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱采用上下复合结构，上部可以全部为天然花岗岩板材，下部全部为聚合物水泥或两层复合。
聚合物水泥由以下组分：20份水泥，25份细骨料，55份的粗骨料，0.5份高性能减水剂，6份聚合物，0.004份缓凝剂，0.01份抗裂增强剂，0.01份稳定剂，0.001份消泡剂，0.5份大理石涂料，这样降低成本。
本发明复合石箱既继承了天然花岗岩墓箱高强、美观、耐久的所有优点，又具有形状规则，尺寸准确，容易制作，可以制作任何复杂形状的墓箱，且节约石材资源的特点。与传统的水泥墓箱相比，因为采用了聚合物改性，本发明墓箱克服了水泥墓箱抗折强度低，抗冲击性差，易开裂外观差的缺点，具有高强度、韧性好、抗冲击、抗干缩、不开裂耐久性好等优点。
本发明的聚合物水泥是一种新型有机-无机复合材料，以水泥基材料为基材，以有机聚合物为改性增强剂，以高性能减水剂、抗裂增强剂、缓凝剂、稳定剂、消泡剂为辅助材料。聚合物水泥在浆体状态，具有良好的流动性和稳定性，不分层，不离析，不泌水。凝固后，除具有较高的抗压强度和抗折强度外，优异的粘接强度和适当的柔性能确保与大理石牢固粘接在一起，即使受到冲击，也不会影响与大理石间的粘接。
本发明聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱的人造石箱物理力学性能符合表1的规定。
表1
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的解决的技术问题、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓采用两层或三层结构或上下复合结构，两层或三层结构具体由两层或一层花岗岩板材与一层聚合物水泥两种材料复合而成；上下复合结构的上部全部为天然花岗岩板材，上下复合结构的下部全部为聚合物水泥或两层复合。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述花岗岩板材上设有止水锁紧槽。
3.如权利要求1所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述聚合物水泥由以下组分：20-35份水泥，25-45份细骨料，25-55份的粗骨料，0.01-0.5份高性能减水剂，1-6份聚合物，0.001-0.005份缓凝剂，0.01-0.1份抗裂增强剂，0.01-10份稳定剂，0.001-0.5份消泡剂，0.5-1.2份大理石涂料。
4.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述水泥为硅酸盐水泥或高铝水泥或铁铝酸盐水泥或硫铝酸盐水泥。
5.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述细骨料是石英砂或河砂或石灰石破碎砂或白云砂。
6.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述粗骨料是破碎的石灰石或白云石或花岗岩。
7.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述聚合物为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物或氯乙烯-月桂酸乙烯酯-乙烯三元共聚物或苯乙烯—丙烯共聚物。
8.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述高性能减水剂为聚羧酸系高效减水剂。
9.如权利要求3所述的聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓，其特征在于，所述稳定剂是黄元胶或纤维素醚。
10.一种聚合物水泥花岗岩复合墓箱的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将花岗岩板组装在模具内，在搅拌器中将聚合物水泥的原料按配比混合，配成粘稠性与高流动性兼具的的聚合物水泥浆料，将浆料注入空腔内，由于浆体具有的高流动性，无需震捣即可自行密实；在浆体凝固达到一定强度后脱模；脱模后的墓箱湿养护；养护好的墓箱待干燥后，根据需要，对裸露的聚合物水泥表面用水包水型花岗岩涂料喷涂，涂料的色泽及花纹与配套使用的天然花岗岩一致。
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