CN110029092A - 一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶及其应用 - Google Patents
一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110029092A CN110029092A CN201910354968.7A CN201910354968A CN110029092A CN 110029092 A CN110029092 A CN 110029092A CN 201910354968 A CN201910354968 A CN 201910354968A CN 110029092 A CN110029092 A CN 110029092A
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- Prior art keywords
- mortierella alpina
- glyceraldehyde
- alpina
- pbig2
- phosphate dehydrogenase
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种3‑磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶及其应用,属于基因工程以及微生物工程技术领域。本发明的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示的3‑磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶具有促进微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的功能,将含有本发明3‑磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的重组高山被孢霉摇床培养7d,可使含有本发明3‑磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉中的总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较不含本发明3‑磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉提升12.56%以及12.79%,该结果为通过基因工程手段进一步提升高山被孢霉等产油微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的能力,进而提高微生物产多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的能力提供了充实的理论支持。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶及其应用,属于酶工程和微生物工程技术领域。
背景技术
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)是指含有两个或两个以上双键且碳链长度为18~22个碳原子的直链脂肪酸。由于其具有降低心脑血管疾病的功能且在维持身体健康和预防疾病等方面发挥着十分重要的作用,因此,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)作为一种保健品,在国内、国际均拥有巨大的市场。
目前,市场上售卖的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)多来源于水生浮游植物,食此类植物为生的野鳕鱼、鲱鱼、鲑鱼等深海鱼类的内脏中也富含多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)。但是,由于动植物的生长周期过于长且动植物的培育成本相对高,仅靠从这些动、植物中提取获得多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)已无法满足日益增长的市场需求,因此,急需找到可以提升多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)产量的方法。
研究表明,有些细菌、真菌等微生物也具有生产脂质的功能,并且,这些细菌、真菌等微生物均具有生长周期短、繁殖快、培养成本低、不受地理环境及气候条件影响、环境友好等诸多优势,另外,这些细菌、真菌等微生物还具有油脂产量高、产得的油脂种类丰富等特点,因此,通过微生物产油脂提升多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的产量是一种极具潜力的方法。
现有的关于微生物产油脂的研究多集中于对这些微生物的脂肪酸合成途径进行基因工程改造,尝试在微生物中表达脂肪酸合成途径中的某些酶,例如,底物供应途径中的关键酶以及还原力供应中的关键酶,以增加甘油三酯(TAG)产量。其中,部分还原力供应中的关键酶,例如,苹果酸酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶以及异柠檬酸脱氢酶等,也确实对微生物产油脂的能力产生了影响。
因此,鉴于脂肪酸合成途径中部分还原力供应酶对微生物产油脂能力的巨大影响,挖掘更多可提供还原力的酶一定能够为提高微生物中甘油三酯(TAG)的产量,进而提高微生物中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的产量提供更充实的理论依据。
发明内容
[技术问题]
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina,M.alpina)来源的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)以提高微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的能力。
[技术方案]
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH;EC 1.2.1.12),所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶为:
(a)由SEQ ID No.1或SEQ ID No.2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;或者,
(b)在(a)中的氨基酸序列经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
本发明还提供了编码上述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的基因。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.3或SEQ IDNo.4所示。
本发明还提供了携带上述基因的重组质粒。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述重组质粒的载体为DH5α载体、pYES2载体或pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体。所述pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体记载于公开号为CN103571762A的专利申请文本中。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述重组质粒的载体为pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体。
本发明还提供了携带上述基因或上述重组质粒的宿主细胞。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述宿主细胞为大肠杆菌、根癌土壤杆菌或高山被孢霉。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述宿主细胞为高山被孢霉。
本发明还提供了上述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶或上述基因或上述重组质粒或上述宿主细胞在生产甘油三酯方面的应用。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述甘油三酯为多不饱和脂肪酸。
本发明还提供了一种生产甘油三酯的方法,所述方法为将上述宿主细胞加入培养基中,于温度为25~28℃、转速为150~200rpm的条件下培养7~10d,得到甘油三酯。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述培养基为Broth培养基。
本发明还提供了上述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶或上述基因或上述重组质粒在提高微生物酸胁迫能力方面的应用。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为大肠杆菌、根癌土壤杆菌或高山被孢霉。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为高山被孢霉。
本发明还提供了一种提高微生物抗酸胁迫能力的方法,所述方法为在微生物中过量表达3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶为:
(a)由SEQ ID No.1或SEQ ID No.2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;或者,
(b)在(a)中的氨基酸序列经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述过量表达为先将编码3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的基因与表达载体连接以构建含有编码3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因的重组质粒,再将重组质粒导入微生物中。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述重组质粒的载体为DH5α载体、pYES2载体或pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体。所述pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体记载于公开号为CN103571762A的专利申请文本中。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述重组质粒的载体为pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为大肠杆菌、根癌土壤杆菌或高山被孢霉。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为高山被孢霉。
本发明还提供了利用上述方法制备得到的抗酸胁迫能力提高的微生物。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为大肠杆菌、根癌土壤杆菌或高山被孢霉。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微生物为高山被孢霉。
[有益效果]
(1)本发明的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶具有促进微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的功能,将含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的重组高山被孢霉摇床培养7d,可使含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉中的总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较不含本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉提升12.56%以及12.79%;
(2)本发明的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶具有提高微生物抗酸胁迫能力的功能,将含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的重组高山被孢霉在pH为5的条件下摇床培养7d,可使含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉中的总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较不含本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉提升25.40%以及6.21%;将含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的重组高山被孢霉在pH为6的条件下摇床培养7d,可使含有本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉中的总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较不含本发明3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的高山被孢霉提升7.46%以及5.10%。
附图说明
图1:重组质粒pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组质粒pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB的构建示意图。
图2:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB的琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果;其中,M表示marker,1表示阴性对照(野生型M.alpina),2表示重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA,3表示重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB。
图3:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在摇床培养7d后的RT-qPCR分析结果。
图4:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在摇床培养7d后的NADPH/NADP比值测定结果。
图5:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在不同pH条件下摇床培养7d后的生物量。
图6:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在不同pH条件下摇床培养7d后的总脂肪酸产量。
图7:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在pH为4的条件下摇床培养7d后的脂肪酸组成和含量。
图8:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在pH为5的条件下摇床培养7d后的脂肪酸组成和含量。
图9:重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB在pH为6的条件下摇床培养7d后的脂肪酸组成和含量。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步的阐述。
下述实施例中涉及的高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)ATCC 32222购自美国标准生物品收藏中心(ATCC);下述实施例中涉及的根癌土壤农杆菌(Agrobacteriumtumefaciens)AGL1以及大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)TOP10购自北纳生物;下述实施例中涉及的pBIG2-ura5s-ITs载体记载于公开号为CN103571762A的专利申请文本中;下述实施例中涉及的高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株记载于公开号为CN103468581A的专利申请文本中。
(高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)ATCC 32222、根癌土壤农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)AGL1以及大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)TOP10均可以购买得到,不需要进行用于专利程序的保藏)
下述实施例中涉及的培养基如下:
Broth培养基:20g/L葡萄糖、5g/L酵母提取物、1g/L磷酸二氢钾、0.25g/L七水硫酸镁、10g/L硝酸钾,余量为水,pH为6.0。
MM固体培养基:1.74g/L磷酸氢二钾、1.37g/L磷酸二氢钾、0.1468g/L氯化钠、0.49g/L七水硫酸镁、0.078g/L氯化钙、0.005g/L七水硫酸亚铁、0.53g/L硫酸铵、1.8g/L葡萄糖、0.5wt%甘油、20g/L琼脂,余量为水,pH为6.8。
IM培养基:1.74g/L磷酸氢二钾、1.37g/L磷酸二氢钾、0.1468g/L氯化钠、0.49g/L七水硫酸镁、0.078g/L氯化钙、0.005g/L七水硫酸亚铁、0.53g/L硫酸铵、1.8g/L葡萄糖、0.5wt%甘油、20g/L琼脂、20μmol/L乙酰丁香酮(Acetosyringone),余量为水,pH为6.8。
SC-CS培养基:20g/L葡萄糖、5g/L酵母氮源(无氨基酸和硫酸铵)、1.7g/L硫酸铵、60mg/L异亮氨酸、60mg/L亮氨酸、60mg/L苯丙氨酸、50mg/L苏氨酸、40mg/L赖氨酸、30mg/L酪氨酸、20mg/L腺嘌呤、20mg/L精氨酸、20mg/L组氨酸、10mg/L甲硫氨酸、20g/L琼脂、100μg/mL壮观霉素(Spectinomycin)、100μg/mL头孢噻肟抗生素(CefotaximeSodium),余量为水,pH为6.8。
GY-CS培养基:20g/L葡萄糖、10g/L酵母提取物、2g/L硝酸钾、1g/L磷酸二氢钠、3g/L七水硫酸镁、20g/L琼脂、100μg/mL壮观霉素(Spectinomycin)、100μg/mL头孢噻肟抗生素(Cefotaxime Sodium),余量为水,pH为6.8。
SC复苏培养基:20g/L胰蛋白胨、5g/L酵母粉、0.5g/L氯化钠、2.5mmol/L氯化钾、10mmol/L氯化镁、20mmol/L葡萄糖,余量为水。
LB液体培养基:10g/L胰蛋白胨、5g/L酵母粉、10g/L氯化钠,余量为水。
LB固体培养基:10g/L胰蛋白胨、5g/L酵母粉、10g/L氯化钠、20g/L琼脂,余量为水。
YEP液体培养基:10g/L酵母提取物、10g/L胰蛋白陈、5g/L氯化钠,余量为水。
YEP固体培养基:10g/L酵母提取物、10g/L胰蛋白陈、5g/L氯化钠、20g/L琼脂,余量为水。
GY-U斜面培养基:
实施例1:编码MaGAPDHA和MaGAPDHB的基因的筛选
具体步骤如下:
在NCBI中选择不同物种中已鉴定功能的gapdh基因序列为模板(表1),在已完成测序的M.alpinaATCC 32222菌株的基因库中进行BLAST比对,获得备选的目的基因;然后将备选基因在NCBI库中进行二次比对筛选,将最终得到的目的基因命名为Magapdha(核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.3所示)和Magapdhb(核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.4所示),对应蛋白命名为MaGAPDHA(氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示)和MaGAPDHB(氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示)。
为了进一步判断筛选出的MaGAPDHA和MaGAPDHB是否属于GAPDH酶,将其与表1的5种分别来源于动物、高等植物、微生物、微藻的典型GAPDH的氨基酸序列进行比对,通过DNAMAN软件进行氨基酸同源性和保守结构分析。
由分析结果可知,MaGAPDHA的氨基酸序列与表1中5种不同来源的GAPDH蛋白的氨基酸序列的相似度为44.23%,MaGAPDHA对应cDNA的全长为1011bp,编码337个氨基酸;MaGAPDHB的氨基酸序列与表1中5种不同来源的GAPDH蛋白的氨基酸序列的相似度为44.10%,MaGAPDHB对应cDNA的全长为1008bp,编码336个氨基酸。
综合以上结果,MaGAPDHA和MaGAPDHB与不同物种的GAPDH的氨基酸序列相似性具有生物学意义,基因长度、氨基酸个数、保守区域和跨膜结构均符合GAPDH酶的特征,由此认为筛选得到的MaGAPDHA和MaGAPDHB具有GAPDH蛋白的功能。
表1比对模板gapdh基因的相关信息
实施例2:Magapdha和Magapdhb的克隆
具体步骤如下:
使用Trizol法提取高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)ATCC 32222的总RNA,按照Takara反转录试剂盒说明书进行反转录获得cDNA,在高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)ATCC 32222的cDNA文库中通过PCR反应扩增Magapdha和Magapdhb,扩增Magapdha和Magapdhb所用引物见表2。
所用PCR仪为BIO-RAD T100Thermal Cycler,使用KOD plus高保真DNA聚合酶,反应体系为50μL,体系内容按照该DNA聚合酶说明书内容进行;反应过程如下:95℃3min,95℃30s,55℃30s,68℃1min 5s,30个循环,68℃5min。
反应结束,得到扩增产物,对扩增产物进行纯化后通过1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证扩增产物条带大小,获得Magapdha和Magapdhb。
表2引物序列及其用途
实施例3:Magapdha和Magapdhb在高山被孢霉中的表达
具体步骤如下:
(1)高山被孢霉表达载体的构建
如图1,使用限制性内切酶Hind III对实施例2获得的Magapdha以及表达载体pBIG2-ura5s-ITs进行酶切,酶切产物使用限制性内切酶Sac I继续进行酶切,利用T4连接酶将先后经HindIII和Sac I进行酶切的酶切产物进行连接,获得连接产物;
使用限制性内切酶Hind III对实施例2获得的Magapdhb以及表达载体载体pBIG2-ura5s-ITs进行酶切,酶切产物使用限制性内切酶Sac I继续进行酶切,利用T4连接酶将先后经HindIII和Sac I进行酶切的酶切产物进行连接,获得连接产物;
其中,HindIII酶切体系(20μL):2μLHindIII-FD、2μg质粒或PCR产物、2μLcutsmart Buffer,去离子水补齐20μL,37℃水浴酶切2h;
Sac I酶切体系为(100μL):2μLSac I-FD、2μg质粒或PCR产物、2μL cutsmartBuffer,去离子水补齐100μL,37℃水浴酶切2h;
连接体系为(10μL):2μL目的基因酶切后片段、3μL载体酶切后片段、1μL连接酶buffer、1μLT4连接酶、3μL无菌水,4℃连接12h。
将获得的连接产物分别转化大肠杆菌T0P10感受态细胞,转化方法如下:无菌状态下取100μL感受态细胞,加入1~2μL连接产物,吹吸混匀;将混匀的感受态细胞移入预冷过的电转杯中,避免产生气泡;将电转柄放入Bio-Rad电转仪,调到合适预设程序档位,电转,电压条件为1.8kv;加入1mL S℃复苏培养基于电转后的感受态细胞中,混匀转移至1.5mL离心管中,37℃、150rpm孵育1h;取200μL涂布含有100μg/mL卡那霉素的LB固体培养基平板,37℃倒置培养过夜;挑取阳性转化子,提取质粒,测序验证结果表明连接成功,获得重组质粒pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组质粒pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB。
(2)高山被孢霉的转化筛选
将根癌土壤杆菌AGL1在含有100μg/mL利福平和100μg/mL卡那霉素的YEP固体培养基平板上划线,28℃倒置避光培养48h,得到单克隆;挑取单克隆接种至20mL含有100μg/mL利福平和100μg/mL卡那霉素的YEP液体培养基中,28℃、200rpm避光培养24~48h,得到种子液;转移200μL种子液至MM培养基中,28℃、200rpm避光培养24~48h后,用IM培养基调整菌液的菌浓度至OD600为0.3,28℃、200rpm继续避光培养至OD600到1.0,得到菌液;用500μL灭菌的生理盐水冲刷在GY-U斜面培养1个月以上的高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株,收集孢子,经血球计数器计数,用灭菌后的生理盐水调整孢子浓度到107个/mL,得到;取100μL菌液与100μL孢子液混合均匀涂布于铺有玻璃纸的IM固体培养基上,23℃避光培养36~48h;将玻璃纸转移到SC-CS培养基上,16℃避光培养12h,随后转移至23℃培养;持续观察菌落在SC-CS培养基上的生长情况,若长出明显菌落,及时用尖头镊子将菌落外沿挖出接种于SC-CS培养基上,于25℃继续培养;待SC-CS培养基上的转化子长出后,挑菌丝转接于SC-CS培养基,重复筛选3次,排除阴性转化子;将筛选3次获得的转化子接种至GY-CS培养基上,28℃培养至产生大量孢子,将孢子保藏在4℃。
(3)重组高山被孢霉的鉴定
以野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株为阴性对照,经血球计数器计数,用灭菌后的生理盐水调整孢子浓度到108个每100μL、106个每100μL、104个每100μL,分别取200μL涂布于含有100μg/mL壮观霉素和100μg/mL头孢噻肟的GY-CS培养基上,25℃避光培养2~3d;随时用无菌镊子挑出生长的真菌菌丝接种在SC-CS培养基上,25℃避光培养2~3d;观察高山被孢霉在SC-CS培养基上的生长情况,挑出在SC-CS培养基上生长的菌丝接种于GY斜面培养基上,传代三次,提取稳定遗传的菌株基因组DNA,用引物进行PCR验证,获得重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB,验证重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA以及重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB所用引物见表3,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析结果见图2。
表3引物序列及其用途
实施例4:重组高山被孢霉中脂肪酸的提取与检测
具体步骤如下:
以野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株为阴性对照,取重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的单孢子接种于Broth培养基中,28℃、200rpm摇床培养7d,离心,收集菌体,真空冷冻干燥至恒重,称量菌体重量,计算生物量,计算结果见表4;将菌体研磨成粉末,称取50mg,加入2mL4mol/L的盐酸;80℃水浴1h,-80℃放置15min;重复一次;80℃水浴1h;冷却至室温,加入1mL甲醇,混匀;加入1mL氯仿,震荡10min;6000g离心3min;收集氯仿;重复此步骤两次;合并氯仿(3mL),加入1mL饱和氯化钠,混匀,3000g离心3min;收集氯仿层于新瓶,剩余液体继续加入1mL氯仿3000g离心3min;合并氯仿(4mL);氮吹干燥,加入1mL乙醚,转移至洁净的已经称重的瓶中;氮吹干燥,获得菌体中的粗脂,检测菌体中脂肪酸的组成及含量,检测结果见表4;
其中,脂肪酸组成及含量的测定方法为:①向获得的粗脂中分别加入100μL含有2.02mg/mL内标C15:0的正已烷和1mL含有10wt%盐酸的甲醇,60℃水浴3h,每隔30min振荡1min;②冷却至室温后加入1mL正己烷和1mL饱和NaCl溶液,震荡混匀,3000rpm离心3min,吸出正己烷层,再加入1mL正己烷,震荡混匀,3000rpm离心3min,吸出并合并正己烷;③37℃氮气吹干后,加入1mL正己烷,混匀,转入气相瓶,得到脂肪酸甲酯溶液;④脂肪酸甲酯分析采用GC2010(Shimadzu Co.,Japan),色谱柱为DB-Waxetr(30m×0.32m,0.22μm);氢火焰离子检测器检测,汽化室和检测器温度分别为240℃和260℃,分流方式进样1uL,分流比10:1,载气为氮气;程序升温:初始温度120℃保持3min,以5℃/min升到190℃,再以4℃/min升到220℃,保持20min;通过与商业化的脂肪酸甲酯标准品(37种脂肪酸甲酯混标,Supelco,USA)和加入内标C15:0的质量比较,定性、定量分析样品中脂肪酸组分,总脂肪酸含量用单位菌体中总脂肪酸的质量表示。
由表4可知,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA的生物量、总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸(C18:2、C18:3和C20:4)含量分别较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提升了12.8%、12.56%以及12.79%,该结果为通过基因工程手段进一步提升高山被孢霉等产油微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的能力,进而提高微生物产多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的能力提供了充实的理论支持;
重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB的生物量以及总脂肪酸含量与野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株相差不大,多不饱和脂肪酸含量(C18:2、C18:3和C20:4)较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提升3.54%。
表4重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的生物量以及菌体中脂肪酸的组成及含量
实施例5:重组高山被孢霉中GAPDH转录水平的RT-qPCR检测
具体步骤如下:
以野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株为阴性对照,取重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的单孢子接种于Broth培养基中,28℃、200rpm摇床培养7d,离心,收集菌体;取收集的菌体,于预冷的无菌无酶研钵中加入液氮充分研磨;加入1mLTRIZOL(Invitrogen,Carl shad,CA,USA)继续研磨至粉末,室温放置至溶解;用无酶枪头吸取1mL溶解后的液体于无酶离心管中,加入200μL三氯甲烷混匀;12000rpm、4℃下离心15min,吸上清于新的无酶离心管中;加入200μL三氯甲烷混匀,12000rpm、4℃下离心15min吸上清于新的无酶离心管中;加入等体积的异丙醇,静置15min,12000rpm、4℃下离心15min,弃上清,室温晾干;加入1mL的70vol%乙醇,12000rpm、4℃下离心15min,用无酶枪头吸去乙醇,室温放置干燥;加入50μL无酶水溶解RNA,-80℃储存;取1μLRNA用Nanodrop 2000测定浓度;取1μg RNA在1.2%的变性胶中电泳,观察RNA完整性;取0.5~1μg总RNA为模板,根据Primescript RTreagent kit(Takara,0tsu,Shiga,Japan)试剂盒说明书进行操作,获得重组菌株的cDNA;使用ABI Prism 7900sequence detectionsystem(AppliedBiosystems,CA))与SYBR Green qPCR master Mix(Applied Biosystems,CA)的说明进行RT-qPCR反应,RT-qPCR反应所用引物见表5,RT-qPCR检测结果见图3;
其中,RT-qPCR反应体系为:10μL SYBR Green qPCR master Mix、两种引物各0.5μL,8μL无酶水、1μL模板;PCR循环设置为:50℃2min,95℃10min,95℃15s,60℃30s,40个循环;18S rDNA作为内参基因,转化子取三个平行。
由图3可知,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA的GAPDH转录量明显高于野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株,是野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的3倍左右,可见,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA确实能过量表达GAPDH;
重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB的GAPDH转录量也明显高于野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株,是野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的6倍左右,可见,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA确实能过量表达GAPDH。
表5引物序列及其用途
实施例6:重组高山被孢霉中NADPH/NADP比值的测定
具体步骤如下:
以野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株为阴性对照,取重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的单孢子接种于Broth培养基中,28℃、200rpm摇床培养7d,离心,收集菌体;根据NADP/NADPH Quantification Kit(Sigma-Aldrich,America)试剂盒说明书进行操作,获得的关于重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的NADP和NADPH待测样本;使用Multiscan Go(Thermo scientific,America)的说明进行波长测定,检测重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株中NADPH/NADP的比值,检测结果见图4;其中,测定条件为450nm;每个样品取三个平行。
由图4可知,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA中的NADPH/NADP比值明显高于野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株,较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提高了37%左右,说明MaGAPDHA在高山被孢霉中能起到提供还原力的作用;
重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB中的NADPH/NADP比值与野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株相差不大,说明MaGAPDHB在高山被孢霉中起到的提供还原力的作用较小。
实施例7:重组高山被孢霉的抗酸胁迫能力的检测
具体步骤如下:
以野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株为阴性对照,取重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA、重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB以及野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株的单孢子分别接种于pH为4、5或6的Broth培养基中,28℃、200rpm摇床培养7d,离心,收集菌体,真空冷冻干燥至恒重,称量菌体重量,计算生物量,计算结果见图5;将菌体研磨成粉末,称取50mg,加入2mL4mol/L的盐酸;80℃水浴1h,-80℃放置15min;重复一次;80℃水浴1h;冷却至室温,加入1mL甲醇,混匀;加入1mL氯仿,震荡10min;6000g离心3min;收集氯仿;重复此步骤两次;合并氯仿(3mL),加入1mL饱和氯化钠,混匀,3000g离心3min;收集氯仿层于新瓶,剩余液体继续加入1mL氯仿3000g离心3min;合并氯仿(4mL);氮吹干燥,加入1mL乙醚,转移至洁净的已经称重的瓶中;氮吹干燥,获得菌体中的粗脂,检测菌体中脂肪酸的组成及含量,检测结果见图6-9;其中,脂肪酸组成及含量的测定方法见实施例4。
由图5-9可知,在pH为4的条件下,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA未显示出明显抵抗低pH作用,其生物量明显比野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株降低;在pH为5的条件下,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA的生物量较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株有了较为明显的提升,总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提升25.40%以及6.21%;在pH为6的条件下,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA的生物量也较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株有了较为明显的提升,总脂肪酸含量以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提升7.46%以及5.10%,该结果为通过基因工程手段进一步提升高山被孢霉等产油微生物产甘油三酯(TAG)的能力,进而提高微生物产多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)的能力提供了充实的理论支持;
在pH为4或5的条件下,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHB未显示出明显抵抗低pH作用,其生物量明显比野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株降低;在pH为6的条件下,重组高山被孢霉M.alpina-pBIG2-ura5s-MaGAPDHA的生物量以及总脂肪酸含量与野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株相差不大,多不饱和脂肪酸含量较野生型高山被孢霉尿嘧啶营养缺陷型菌株提升3.54%。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
序列表
<110> 江南大学
<120> 一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶及其应用
<160> 14
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 336
<212> PRT
<213> 高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)
<400> 1
Met Thr Ile Lys Ile Gly Ile Asn Gly Phe Gly Arg Ile Gly Arg Leu
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Val Leu Arg Ala Ala Leu Ala Asn Lys Lys Val Glu Val Val Ala Val
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Asn Asp Pro Phe Ile Asp Leu Ala Tyr Met Val Tyr Met Phe Lys Tyr
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Asp Ser Thr His Gly Arg Tyr Lys Gly Lys Val Glu Ala Lys Asp Gly
50 55 60
His Leu Val Val Asp Gly His Lys Ile Ala Val Tyr Asp Lys Arg Asn
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Pro Asp Glu Ile Pro Trp Gly Thr Asn Gly Ala Glu Tyr Val Val Glu
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Ser Thr Gly Val Phe Thr Thr Ile Glu Lys Ala Ser Leu His Leu Lys
100 105 110
Gly Gly Ala Lys Lys Val Val Ile Ser Ala Pro Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro
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Met Phe Val Cys Gly Val Asn Leu Asp Ser Tyr Lys Pro Glu Tyr Asn
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Val Val Ser Asn Ala Ser Cys Thr Thr Asn Cys Leu Ala Pro Leu Ala
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Lys Ile Ile His Asp Asn Phe Gly Ile Thr Glu Ala Leu Met Thr Thr
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Val His Ala Thr Thr Ala Thr Gln Lys Thr Val Asp Gly Pro Ser Ala
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Lys Asp Trp Arg Gly Gly Arg Gly Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Ile Pro Ser
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Ser Thr Gly Ala Ala Lys Ala Val Gly Lys Val Ile Pro Asp Leu Asn
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Gly Lys Leu Thr Arg Met Ala Phe Arg Val Pro Thr Pro Asp Val Ser
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Val Val Asp Leu Thr Ala Arg Leu Thr Lys Pro Ala Thr Tyr Asp Gln
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Ile Lys Ala Val Ile Lys Lys Ala Ala Glu Gly Glu Met Lys Gly Ile
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<210> 2
<211> 335
<212> PRT
<213> 高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)
<400> 2
Met Ser Ile Asn Ile Gly Ile Asn Gly Phe Gly Arg Ile Gly Arg Leu
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Val Leu Arg Ala Ala Leu Ala Asn Lys Asn Val Lys Val Val Ala Ile
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Asn Asp Pro Phe Ile Asp Leu Asn Tyr Met Ala Tyr Met Phe Lys Tyr
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Asp Ser Thr His Gly Arg Tyr Lys Gly Glu Val Ser Ile Lys Asp Gly
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His Leu Val Val Asp Gly His Ala Ile Ile Val Tyr Gln Asn Met Lys
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Pro Glu Glu Ile Gln Trp Gly Ala Ala Asn Ala Glu Tyr Val Val Glu
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Ser Thr Gly Val Phe Thr Thr Ile Glu Lys Ala Ser Leu His Leu Arg
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Gly Gly Ala Lys Lys Val Val Ile Ser Ala Pro Ser Ala Asp Ala Pro
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Met Phe Val Cys Gly Val Asn Leu Asp Ala Tyr Lys Pro Glu Tyr Gln
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Val Val Ser Asn Ala Ser Cys Thr Thr Asn Cys Leu Ala Pro Leu Ala
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Lys Ile Ile His Asp Asn Phe Gly Ile Thr Glu Ala Leu Met Thr Thr
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Thr Phe Val Lys Leu Val Ser Trp Tyr Asp Asn Glu Val Gly Tyr Ser
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<210> 3
<211> 1011
<212> DNA
<213> 高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)
<400> 3
atgaccatca agatcggcat caacggtttc ggacgtatcg gtcgtctcgt gctccgtgcg 60
gctctcgcca acaagaaggt tgaggttgtc gctgtcaacg atcccttcat cgatctggcc 120
tacatggttt acatgttcaa gtatgactcg acccatggac gctacaaggg caaggtggag 180
gccaaggacg gccacctggt ggtcgacggc cacaagattg ctgtctacga caagaggaac 240
cctgacgaga ttccctgggg cactaatggc gctgaatacg ttgtcgagtc gactggtgtc 300
ttcacgacga ttgaaaaggc gtccctccat ttgaagggag gagccaagaa ggtggtcatc 360
tctgccccct ctgcagatgc gcccatgttc gtgtgcggag tcaacctgga ctcttacaag 420
cccgagtaca atgtggtgtc aaatgcctcg tgcacaacca actgcctggc ccctctggca 480
aagatcatcc atgacaactt tggcatcacc gaggctctca tgaccaccgt ccacgccacc 540
accgccaccc aaaagaccgt cgacggaccc tcggccaagg actggcgcgg cggacgtggt 600
gcagctgcca acatcatccc ctcctcgacc ggagccgcta aggctgtggg caaggtcatc 660
cctgacttga acggcaagct gactcgaatg gcgttccgtg tccccacccc cgacgtgtcc 720
gttgtggatc tgacggcacg cctgaccaag cctgcgacct atgaccagat caaggctgtg 780
atcaagaagg ccgcggaggg tgagatgaag ggcattatgg gctacacgga ggatgatgtg 840
gtctcgaccg actttatcgg agacacgcac tcgtccatct ttgatgccaa ggccggtatc 900
gcgctctcag acacgtttgt caagctggtg tcctggtacg acaatgagtt tggatacagc 960
acccgctgcg tcgagttgat tgagtacatg gccaagaagg atcacgctta a 1011
<210> 4
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<212> DNA
<213> 高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)
<400> 4
atgtctatca acatcggtat caacggattc ggacgcattg gtcgtctcgt cctccgcgct 60
gctcttgcca acaagaacgt caaggtcgtc gccatcaacg atcccttcat cgatctcaac 120
tacatggcct acatgttcaa gtacgactcc acccacggtc gctacaaggg cgaggtctcc 180
atcaaggacg gtcacttggt cgtcgatggc cacgctatca ttgtctacca gaacatgaag 240
cccgaggaga tccagtgggg tgctgccaac gccgagtacg ttgtcgagtc caccggtgtc 300
ttcaccacca ttgagaaggc ttccctccac ttgcgcggtg gtgccaagaa ggtcgtcatc 360
tcggccccct ctgctgacgc ccccatgttc gtctgcggag tcaacctgga tgcctacaag 420
cccgagtacc aggtcgtctc caacgcctcg tgcaccacca actgcttggc ccctcttgcc 480
aagatcatcc acgacaactt cggcatcacc gaggctttga tgaccaccgt tcacgccacc 540
accgccaccc agaagaccgt tgacggacct tcgtccaagg actggcgcgg aggacgcggt 600
gctggagcca acatcattcc ctcctccacc ggtgccgcca aggctgtcgg aaaggtcatc 660
cccgacttga acggcaagtt gaccggtatg gctttccgtg tccccacccc cgatgtctcg 720
gtcgtcgacc tgacctgccg tctcgccagc cctgccacct atgagcagat caaggctgcc 780
atcaagaagg cctccgagaa cgagatgaag ggcatcatgg gctacaccga ggatgaggtc 840
gtctccaccg acttcattgg tgacacccac tcctccatct tcgatgccaa ggccggtatt 900
gccttgtccg acaccttcgt caagctcgtc tcctggtacg ataacgaggt cggctactcc 960
acccgtgtcg ttgagctgat ccagtacatg cactccaagg accactaa 1008
<210> 5
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 5
cccaagctta tgaccatcaa gatcggcatc a 31
<210> 6
<211> 31
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 6
cgcggatcct taagcgtgat ccttcttggc c 31
<210> 7
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 7
cccaagctta tgtctatcaa catcggtatc 30
<210> 8
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 8
cgagctctta gtggtccttg gagtgcatgt 30
<210> 9
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 9
gtgttcactc gcatcccgc 19
<210> 10
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 10
aggcactctt tgctgcttgg 20
<210> 11
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 11
cggtcgtctc gtgctccgtg c 21
<210> 12
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 12
cttggcctcc accttgccct 20
<210> 13
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 13
cattggtcgt ctcgtcctcc g 21
<210> 14
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 14
ttgatggaga cctcgccctt g 21
Claims (10)
1.一种3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶,其特征在于,所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶为:
(a)由SEQ ID No.1或SEQ ID No.2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;或者,
(b)在(a)中的氨基酸序列经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
2.编码权利要求1所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的基因。
3.携带权利要求2所述基因的重组质粒。
4.携带权利要求2所述基因或权利要求3所述重组质粒的宿主细胞。
5.权利要求1所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶或权利要求2所述基因或权利要求3所述重组质粒或权利要求4所述宿主细胞在生产甘油三酯方面的应用。
6.一种生产甘油三酯的方法,其特征在于,所述方法为将权利要求4所述宿主细胞加入培养基中,于温度为25~28℃、转速为150~200rpm的条件下培养7~10d,得到甘油三酯。
7.权利要求1所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶或权利要求2所述基因或权利要求3所述重组质粒在提高微生物酸胁迫能力方面的应用。
8.一种提高微生物抗酸胁迫能力的方法,其特征在于,所述方法为在微生物中过量表达3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种提高微生物抗酸胁迫能力的方法,其特征在于,所述3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶为:
(a)由SEQ ID No.1或SEQ ID No.2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;或者,
(b)在(a)中的氨基酸序列经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
10.利用权利要求8或9所述的方法制备得到的抗酸胁迫能力提高的微生物。
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