CN110026627A - 一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110026627A CN110026627A CN201910391560.7A CN201910391560A CN110026627A CN 110026627 A CN110026627 A CN 110026627A CN 201910391560 A CN201910391560 A CN 201910391560A CN 110026627 A CN110026627 A CN 110026627A
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- working fluid
- discharge machining
- electrical discharge
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/08—Working media
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/141—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2215/222—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液及其制备方法，属于电火花精密加工领域。该加工液的组成成分为：油酸、斯盘、松香、蔗糖、三乙醇胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、石油磺酸钠、聚醚、苯乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠、苯并三氮唑、三嗪、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP‑10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚‑10)、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、单异丙醇胺、乙二醇、丙三醇、去离子水。该加工液具有优良的冷却、润滑、防腐防锈、排屑、清洗等性能，可以缩小电火花加工的放电间隙，介质在工具电极和工件之间分布均匀，使放电更加均匀，保证电火花加工工件的表面加工质量和加工精度，满足电火花精密加工要求，同时该加工液为水基电火花加工液，成分均为无害且易降解的物质，为环保型加工液。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的技术领域为电火花精密模具制造加工和砂轮修型加工领域。该工作液为高精度环保型工作液，是电火花加工中的放电介质，起着冷却、清洗、润滑、防锈防腐、排屑、提高加工质量和精度、增强放电性能等作用，是电火花加工中必不可少组成部分。
背景技术
电火花加工具有“以柔克刚”、“精密微细”、“仿形逼真”、去除效率高等特点，被广泛应用于模具制造业和砂轮修型领域。在电火花加工中，如何提高电火花加工的加工精度是需要不断改进和研究的方向，本发明的工作液有效改善了通用电火花工作液所具有的挥发快、闪电低、放电间隙大、加工效率低、易发生火灾、加工精度和质量差、难降解、污染环境等缺陷，是一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液。
发明内容
针对通用电火花加工液存在的各项问题，一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，该加工液具有优良的冷却、润滑、防腐防锈、排屑、清洗等性能，可以缩小电火花加工的放电间隙，介质在工具电极和工件之间分布均匀，使放电更加均匀，保证电火花加工工件的表面加工质量和加工精度，满足电火花精密加工要求，同时该加工液为水基电火花加工液，成分均为无害且易降解的物质，为环保型加工液。
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，其特征在于：包括油酸、斯盘-80、松香、蔗糖、三乙醇胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、石油磺酸钠、聚醚、苯乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠、苯并三氮唑、三嗪、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、单异丙醇胺、乙二醇、丙三醇、去离子水。各组分质量百分含量为：4％～5％的油酸、4％～5％的斯盘-80、2％～4％的松香、2％～4％的蔗糖、7.9％～9％的三乙醇胺、3％～4％的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4.5％～6％的石油磺酸钠、4％～4.6％的聚醚、2％～3％的苯甲酸钠、2.8％～4.2％的苯乙醇胺、2％～3％的苯并三氮唑、2％～3％的三嗪、3.5％～5.2％的甲基苯并三氮唑、3％～4％的OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、4％～4.5％的聚乙二醇、4％～4.5％的聚丙二醇、2％～3％的单异丙醇胺、3％～5％的乙二醇、3％～5％的丙三醇、19％～37.3％的去离子水。
该加工液在使用时，需与去离子水以1:40～45的比例稀释。
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，其特征在于，制备具体步骤如下：
S1分别配制表面活性剂复配剂、防锈剂复配剂、杀菌剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂。将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和石油磺酸钠以1:1～1.5的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～15min，混合温度为25℃～35℃，制作表面活性剂复配剂；将苯甲酸钠和苯乙醇胺以1:1～1.4的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌8～14min，混合温度为30℃～35℃，制作防锈剂复配剂；将苯并三氮唑和三嗪以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作杀菌剂复配剂；将聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为20℃～25℃，制作分散剂复配剂；将乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作偶合剂复配剂；
S2将S1配制的表面活性剂复配剂与油酸、斯盘-80、三乙醇胺、去离子水充分混合，匀速搅拌30～40min，混合温度为20℃～30℃；
S3将S1配制的防锈剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂、松香、蔗糖、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)添加到S2配制的备用溶液中，升温至40℃～50℃进行混合，均匀搅拌40～45min，冷却至30℃～35℃备用；
S4将S1配制的杀菌剂复配剂、聚醚、单异丙醇胺添加到S3配制的备用溶液中，均匀搅拌35～40min，冷却至室温得到该电火花加工加工液。
S5将S4配制的加工液与去离子水以1:40～45的比例稀释后方可应用于电火花加工中。
所述油酸、斯盘-80为润滑剂，润滑和密封在电火花加工过程中摩擦部分的物质，抑制加工过程中积屑瘤的增长，延长工具电极的使用寿命，改善加工表面的加工质量和精度。
所述松香、蔗糖为爆炸剂，爆炸剂是电火花加工液和线切割液独特的成分，这部分成分可以增加放电加工过程中的爆炸能量和排屑效果，从而提高电火花加工的加工效率。
所述三乙醇胺兼具表面活性剂、稳定剂、缓蚀剂、洗涤剂、润滑剂、防腐添加剂的功效，是加工液中必不可少的多功能添加剂，可以使加工液具有良好的润滑、清洗、防腐、稳定等性能。
所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、石油磺酸钠为表面活性剂，将两种成分配置成为表面活性剂复配剂，可以增强其性能，更好的降低加工液的表面张力，使加工液具有良好的乳化、分散、浸润和增容性能，减少乳化剂的用量，增强加工液的稳定性，同时石油磺酸钠还具有一定的防锈性能。
所述聚醚为消泡剂，抑制电火花加工过程中泡沫产生或消除已产生的泡沫，增强和保证加工液的冷却性和稳定性，同时避免产生过多泡沫而导致的污染环境现象。
所述苯乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠为防锈剂，防止机床、工具电极及被加工件发生锈蚀，起到延长产生锈蚀的时间和削弱锈蚀程度的作用。
所述苯并三氮唑、三嗪为杀菌剂，抑制和消除加工液及电火花加工过程中产生的大量微生物，防止加工液发生变质，同时起到防腐蚀的作用。
所述OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)为乳化剂，可以防止或减少加工液出现分层、析油、相变的现象，与三乙醇胺协同使用，可以增强三乙醇胺的各项性能。
所述聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇为分散剂，使各成分可以均匀分布在加工液中，保持电火花加工放电的均匀性和加工液稳定性，兼具有防锈、润滑的作用；
所述甲基苯并三氮唑为缓蚀剂，对机床、工具电极和工件表面起到防腐蚀和防锈的保护功效；
所述单异丙醇胺为PH调节剂，调节和平衡加工液的PH值，使加工液达到最佳的酸碱度。
所述乙二醇、丙三醇为偶合剂，增强工作液各成分之间的相互协同作用，提高工作液的各项性能，保持工作液稳定性；
所述去离子水，在电火花过程中起到冷却、润滑和冲洗作用，防止电火花加工过程中出现热化学磨损现象。
本发明所涉及的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液与传统电火花加工液不同，主要的优点在于：
1)该加工液具有优良的冷却、润滑、防腐防锈、排屑、清洗等性能；
2)可以缩小电火花加工的放电间隙，工作液介质在工具电极和工件之间分布均匀，使放电更加均匀，提高加工效率和精度，保证电火花加工工件的表面加工质量和加工精度，满足电火花精密加工要求；
3)该加工液为水基电火花加工液，成分均为无害且易降解的物质，对人体无害，对环境无污染，为环保型加工液；
4)可以有效地抑制泡沫的产生和消除泡沫，具有优良的稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体的实施例对本发明的配制方式进行清楚、完整地描述，所列举的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，各组分质量百分含量为：4％的油酸、4％的斯盘-80、3％的松香、3％的蔗糖、7.9％的三乙醇胺、3％的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4.5％的石油磺酸钠、4.5％的聚醚、2％的苯甲酸钠、2.8％的苯乙醇胺、2.5％的苯并三氮唑、2.5％的三嗪、3.6％的甲基苯并三氮唑、3％的OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、4.2％的聚乙二醇、4.2％的聚丙二醇、2％的单异丙醇胺、3.5％的乙二醇、3.5％的丙三醇、32.3％的去离子水配制而成。
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1分别配制表面活性剂复配剂、防锈剂复配剂、杀菌剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂。将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和石油磺酸钠以1:1.5的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～15min，混合温度为25℃～35℃，制作表面活性剂复配剂；将苯甲酸钠和苯乙醇胺以1:1.4的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌8～14min，混合温度为30℃～35℃，制作防锈剂复配剂；将苯并三氮唑和三嗪以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作杀菌剂复配剂；将聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为20℃～25℃，制作分散剂复配剂；将乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作偶合剂复配剂；
S2将S1配制的表面活性剂复配剂与油酸、斯盘-80、三乙醇胺、去离子水充分混合，匀速搅拌30～40min，混合温度为20℃～30℃；
S3将S1配制的防锈剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂、松香、蔗糖、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)添加到S2配制的备用溶液中，升温至40℃～50℃进行混合，均匀搅拌40～45min，冷却至30℃～35℃备用；
S4将S1配制的杀菌剂复配剂、聚醚、单异丙醇胺添加到S3配制的备用溶液中，均匀搅拌35～40min，冷却至室温得到该电火花加工加工液。
S5将S4配制的加工液与去离子水以1:40的比例稀释后方可应用于电火花加工中。
实施例2
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，各组分质量百分含量为：5％的油酸、5％的斯盘-80、3.5％的松香、3.5％的蔗糖、8％的三乙醇胺、4％的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4.8％的石油磺酸钠、4.6％的聚醚、3％的苯甲酸钠、3.9％的苯乙醇胺、2.5％的苯并三氮唑、2.5％的三嗪、4.9％的甲基苯并三氮唑、3％的OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、4.3％的聚乙二醇、4.3％的聚丙二醇、3％的单异丙醇胺、4.1％的乙二醇、4.1％的丙三醇、22％的去离子水配制而成。
一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1分别配制表面活性剂复配剂、防锈剂复配剂、杀菌剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂。将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和石油磺酸钠以1:1.2的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌12～18min，混合温度为20℃～35℃，制作表面活性剂复配剂；将苯甲酸钠和苯乙醇胺以1:1.3的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～15min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作防锈剂复配剂；将苯并三氮唑和三嗪以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为20℃～25℃，制作杀菌剂复配剂；将聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作分散剂复配剂；将乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～20min，混合温度为20℃～30℃，制作偶合剂复配剂；
S2将S1配制的表面活性剂复配剂、防锈剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂、与松香、蔗糖、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、油酸、斯盘-80、三乙醇胺、去离子水充分混合，匀速搅拌45～55min，混合温度为25℃～35℃；
S3将S1配制的杀菌剂复配剂、聚醚、单异丙醇胺添加到S2配制的溶液中，均匀搅拌40～45min，混合温度为30℃～40℃，混合完成后冷却至室温得到该电火花加工加工液。
S4将S3配制的加工液与去离子水以1:45的比例稀释后方可应用于电火花加工中。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非是对本发明其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述技术内容作为基础加以改变或改进，这些未脱离本发明配制方式的改进，也均应保护为本发明的实施例，仍属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液，其特征在于：包括油酸、斯盘-80、松香、蔗糖、三乙醇胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、石油磺酸钠、聚醚、苯乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠、苯并三氮唑、三嗪、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、单异丙醇胺、乙二醇、丙三醇、去离子水；各组分质量百分含量为：4％～5％的油酸、4％～5％的斯盘-80、2％～4％的松香、2％～4％的蔗糖、7.9％～9％的三乙醇胺、3％～4％的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4.5％～6％的石油磺酸钠、4％～4.6％的聚醚、2％～3％的苯甲酸钠、2.8％～4.2％的苯乙醇胺、2％～3％的苯并三氮唑、2％～3％的三嗪、3.5％～5.2％的甲基苯并三氮唑、3％～4％的OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)、4％～4.5％的聚乙二醇、4％～4.5％的聚丙二醇、2％～3％的单异丙醇胺、3％～5％的乙二醇、3％～5％的丙三醇、19％～37.3％的去离子水；
该加工液在使用时，需与去离子水以1:40～45的比例稀释。
2.一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，制备具体步骤如下，
S1分别配制表面活性剂复配剂、防锈剂复配剂、杀菌剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂；将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和石油磺酸钠以1:1～1.5的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～15min，混合温度为25℃～35℃，制作表面活性剂复配剂；将苯甲酸钠和苯乙醇胺以1:1～1.4的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌8～14min，混合温度为30℃～35℃，制作防锈剂复配剂；将苯并三氮唑和三嗪以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌10～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作杀菌剂复配剂；将聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为20℃～25℃，制作分散剂复配剂；将乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1的比例混合配制，均匀搅拌15～20min，混合温度为25℃～30℃，制作偶合剂复配剂；
S2将S1配制的表面活性剂复配剂与油酸、斯盘-80、三乙醇胺、去离子水充分混合，匀速搅拌30～40min，混合温度为20℃～30℃；
S3将S1配制的防锈剂复配剂、分散剂复配剂、偶合剂复配剂、松香、蔗糖、甲基苯并三氮唑、OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)添加到S2配制的备用溶液中，升温至40℃～50℃进行混合，均匀搅拌40～45min，冷却至30℃～35℃备用；
S4将S1配制的杀菌剂复配剂、聚醚、单异丙醇胺添加到S3配制的备用溶液中，均匀搅拌35～40min，冷却至室温得到该电火花加工加工液；
S5将S4配制的加工液与去离子水以1:40～45的比例稀释后方可应用于电火花加工中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述油酸、斯盘-80为润滑剂，润滑和密封在电火花加工过程中摩擦部分的物质，抑制加工过程中积屑瘤的增长，延长工具电极的使用寿命，改善加工表面的加工质量和精度。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述松香、蔗糖为爆炸剂，爆炸剂是电火花加工液和线切割液独特的成分。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述三乙醇胺兼具表面活性剂、稳定剂、缓蚀剂、洗涤剂、润滑剂、防腐添加剂的功效。
6.根据权利要求2所述所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、石油磺酸钠为表面活性剂，将两种成分配置成为表面活性剂复配剂。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述聚醚为消泡剂，抑制电火花加工过程中泡沫产生或消除已产生的泡沫，增强和保证加工液的冷却性和稳定性，同时避免产生过多泡沫而导致的污染环境现象。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述苯乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠为防锈剂，防止机床、工具电极及被加工件发生锈蚀，起到延长产生锈蚀的时间和削弱锈蚀程度的作用。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述苯并三氮唑、三嗪为杀菌剂，抑制和消除加工液及电火花加工过程中产生的大量微生物，防止加工液发生变质，同时起到防腐蚀的作用。
10.根据权利要求2所述的一种提高电火花加工精度的环保型加工液制备方法，其特征在于，所述OP-10(聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚-10)为乳化剂，防止或减少加工液出现分层、析油、相变的现象，与三乙醇胺协同使用，增强三乙醇胺的各项性能；
所述聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇为分散剂，使各成分可以均匀分布在加工液中，保持电火花加工放电的均匀性和加工液稳定性；
所述甲基苯并三氮唑为缓蚀剂，对机床、工具电极和工件表面起到防腐蚀和防锈的保护功效；
所述单异丙醇胺为PH调节剂，调节和平衡加工液的PH值，使加工液达到最佳的酸碱度；
所述乙二醇、丙三醇为偶合剂，增强工作液各成分之间的相互协同作用；
所述去离子水，在电火花过程中起到冷却、润滑和冲洗作用，防止电火花加工过程中出现热化学磨损现象。
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