CN110010721A - SE-based alkali polishing high-efficiency PERC battery process - Google Patents

SE-based alkali polishing high-efficiency PERC battery process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110010721A
CN110010721A CN201910221252.XA CN201910221252A CN110010721A CN 110010721 A CN110010721 A CN 110010721A CN 201910221252 A CN201910221252 A CN 201910221252A CN 110010721 A CN110010721 A CN 110010721A
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alkali
additive
silicon
amount infused
polishing
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CN110010721B (en
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郑云龙
张玉前
庞三凤
苏世杰
陈世琴
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Tongwei Solar Anhui Co Ltd
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Tongwei Solar Anhui Co Ltd
Tongwei Solar Hefei Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09GPOLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
    • C09G1/00Polishing compositions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention discloses an alkaline polishing high-efficiency PERC battery process based on SE, which comprises the following steps of: performing alkali polishing on the silicon wafer by adopting the optimized alkali polishing formula; and (3) adding an additive and an alkali solution supplement used for alkali polishing according to a step mode: in batches 1 to 15, the additive fluid infusion amount is 200 to 350ml, the alkali fluid infusion amount is 300 to 1000ml, and the pure water fluid infusion amount is 7 to 9L; in 16 th to 30 th batches, the additive liquid supplementing amount is 250 ml to 400ml, the alkali liquid supplementing amount is 850 ml to 1150ml, and the pure water liquid supplementing amount is 8L to 10L; in 31 st to 60 th batches, the additive liquid supplementing amount is 300 to 500ml, the alkali liquid supplementing amount is 1000 to 1300ml, and the pure water liquid supplementing amount is 9 to 11L. The invention adopts the optimized alkali polishing formula, and adopts a stepped replenishment mode as the replenishment mode of the additive and the alkali replenishment solution, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the liquid medicine in the alkali polishing tank, achieving the yield improvement, greatly reducing the consumption of the additive and the alkali, and breaking through the capacity bottleneck of the alkali polishing SE.

Description

A kind of efficient PERC battery process of alkali polishing based on SE
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic solar cell technical field, specially a kind of alkali based on SE polishes efficient PERC battery Technique.
Background technique
PERC battery technology has apparent performance and cost advantage, has pushed the application of p-type solar level monocrystalline silicon piece. High efficiency, low cost, environmental protection simultaneously is the main flow direction that crystal silicon solar batteries develop.PERC battery is mainly overleaf formed Passivating film, this requires back surfaces to have good planarization, and alkali casts standby main research and just concentrates on throwing the back side Light processing not only solves the problems, such as the planarization of back side coating film in this way, and can remove back side n type diffused layer, promotes P+ layers Formation, improve minority carrier life time, increase back surface reflectivity.Therefore it introduces polishing process and is integrated into the existing production work of PERC battery It is a kind of effective means for further increasing PERC battery efficiency in skill.
Alkali throws battery with its simple apparatus and process, unique process flow and efficient battery efficiency, by photovoltaic The concern in market.Laser doping (SE) has controllability strong, simple process, and the Laser Induced Damage caused by material is small etc. excellent Point is to prepare the ideal choice of technology of high efficiency crystalline silicon solar cell.It can have selective melting using laser doping technique The characteristics of with diffusion, selective emitting electrode structure is prepared in silica-based solar cell.In this configuration, it is carried out in light absorption area It is lightly doped, sub- auger recombination is lacked on reduction surface in this way, and shortwave spectral response is good;Heavy doping is carried out in metal contact zone, so that golden Belong to and forms good Ohmic contact between electrode and battery emitter region, short circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor and conversion effect Rate is all higher.
Technology and SE technology are thrown for alkali, it can be deduced that PERC battery technology still has more bright in the prior art Aobvious defect: existing alkali throws the formula and usage mode of additive and alkali fluid infusion, and original formulation is to be added using 1-30 batch together 300ml is added in the additive of equivalent and alkali fluid infusion, additive every batch of, and 1050ml is added in alkali amount infused, and pure water amount infused is 9L, the above-mentioned existing fluid infusion mode can not extend the medical fluid service life that alkali throws slot well, so that production capacity can not be promoted, and The consumption of additive and alkali can not carry out production capacity saving, also can not just break through the production capacity bottleneck that alkali throws SE.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and the alkali based on SE polishes efficient PERC battery process, to solve above-mentioned background The problem of being proposed in technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of efficient PERC battery process of alkali polishing based on SE, comprising the following steps:
Step S01, making herbs into wool: monocrystalline silicon piece obtains good suede structure by surface wool manufacturing;
Step S02, it spreads: being passed through phosphorus oxychloride and silicon wafer is reacted, realize diffusion;
Step S03, SE technique: selective emitter has on the silicon substrate being lightly doped by the laser beam of micron-scale Selectively carry out the heavy doping of foreign atom;
Step S04, hot oxygen: increasing high temperature thermal oxidation technique after SE technique, produces one layer of titanium dioxide of deposition in silicon chip surface Silicon protective layer;
Step S05, it removes PSG: edge PN junction being etched through past PSG and is removed;
Step S06, alkali polishes: throwing formula using the alkali after optimization, carries out alkali polishing to silicon wafer;
Step S07, it anneals: annealing to the silicon wafer after alkali polishing, produce deposition silica coating in silicon chip surface;
Step S08, aluminum oxide passivation film back passivation: is deposited by ALD or PECVD mode at silicon wafer back;
Step S09, notacoria: silicon nitride film is grown at the back side of silicon wafer;
Step S10, positive film: in the front growth silicon nitride film of silicon wafer;
Step S11, laser slotting laser slotting: is carried out to the silicon chip back side after plated film;
Step S12, printing-sintering: the back side and front printing are completed by silk-screen printing, is then sintered technique;
Step S13, electrical pumping: pass through light decay furnace or electrical pumping furnace;
Step S14, it tests sorting: battery testing stepping finally being carried out to cell piece;
In step S06, alkali polishes used additive and alkali fluid infusion is added according to staged:
1-15 batch, additive amount infused are 200-350ml, and alkali amount infused is 300-1000ml, and pure water amount infused is 7-9L;
16-30 batch, additive amount infused are 250-400ml, and alkali amount infused is 850-1150ml, and pure water amount infused is 8-10L;
31-60 batch, additive amount infused are 300-500ml, and alkali amount infused is 1000-1300ml, pure water amount infused For 9-11L.
Preferably, the reagent of nation BP -170 is opened up in the additive selection, and potassium hydroxide solution is selected in the alkali fluid infusion.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is thrown using the alkali after optimization and is formulated, and the additional way of additive and alkali fluid infusion uses ladder additional way, The medical fluid service life for effectively extending alkali throwing slot has reached production capacity promotion, while the consumption sharp fall of additive and alkali, dashes forward Broken alkali throws the production capacity bottleneck of SE.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the conventional process flow figure of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is preparation method process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution referring to FIG. 1-2:
A kind of efficient PERC battery process of alkali polishing based on SE, comprising the following steps:
Step S01, making herbs into wool: monocrystalline silicon piece obtains good suede structure by surface wool manufacturing, to realize that table is compared in increase Area can receive more multi-photon (energy), while reduce the reflection of incident light, residual liquid when cleaning and texturing, reduce acid Influence with alkaline matter to battery knot.
Step S02, it spreads: being reacted by phosphorus oxychloride and silicon wafer, obtain phosphorus atoms, by certain time, phosphorus is former Son enters the superficial layer of silicon wafer, and is spread by the gap between silicon atom to silicon wafer internal penetration, forms N-type semiconductor With the interface of P-type semiconductor, diffusion process is completed, realizes the conversion of luminous energy to electric energy.
Step S03, SE technique: (selective emitter) selective emitter is exactly to pass through on the silicon substrate being lightly doped The laser beam of micron-scale selectively carries out the heavily doped region of foreign atom, effectively forms low surface concentration shallow junction work Skill, while also can guarantee the Ohmic contact of printing grid region.
Step S04, hot oxygen: alkali throws the destruction to the region SE flannelette in order to prevent, increases hot oxygen process after SE, the temperature of hot oxygen Degree is 500 ° -800 DEG C, and the region SE microscopically observation pattern is good, is not destroyed, and PERC+SE efficiency is up to 22% or more, And silicon dioxide layer of protection is formed on heavily doped region.
Step S05, PSG is removed: since diffusion forms short-channel in silicon chip edge, collected by the front of PN junction The light induced electron back side that can there is the region of phosphorus to flow to PN junction along edge-diffusion, and cause short circuit.Through past PSG by edge PN Knot etching removal, avoids edge from causing short circuit.Slot is thrown by alkali again, removes the phosphorosilicate glass of silicon chip surface, reduces phosphorosilicate glass Influence to efficiency.
Step S06, alkali polishes: PERC battery cardinal principle is that the back side prepares aluminum oxide passivation film 5, this will Ask back surface that there is good planarization, current research, which is concentrated mainly on, is processed by shot blasting the back side, not only solves in this way The planarization problem of back side coating film, and can remove back side n type diffused layer, promotes P+ layer of formation, raising minority carrier life time, Increase back surface reflectivity.
Therefore introducing KOH alkali polishing process and being integrated into the existing production technology of PERC battery is to further increase PERC battery A kind of effective means of efficiency, alkali polishes used additive and alkali fluid infusion is added according to staged, wherein adding The reagent of nation BP -170 is opened up in agent selection, and potassium hydroxide solution is selected in alkali fluid infusion:
1-15 batch, additive amount infused are 200ml, and alkali amount infused is 300ml, and pure water amount infused is 7L;
16-30 batch, additive amount infused are 250ml, and alkali amount infused is 850ml, and pure water amount infused is 8L;
31-60 batch, additive amount infused are 300ml, and alkali amount infused is 1000ml, and pure water amount infused is 9L.
Step S07, anneal: the silicon wafer after alkali polishing passes through oxygen high temperature furnace pair then in the case where 700 ° of annealing temperature Cell piece surface production layer of silicon dioxide layer.
Step S08, back passivation: and then pass through one layer of aluminum oxide passivation film of ALD PECVD mode lamination.
Step S09, notacoria: one layer of silicon nitride film of lamination below aluminum oxide passivation film, back silicon nitride film rise Protect the effect of aluminum oxide passivation film.
Step S10, positive film: the silicon nitride film of front face surface is to reduce reflection and passivation.
Step S11, laser slotting: the silicon chip back side laser slotting after plated film.
Step S12, printing-sintering: the back side and front printing are completed by silk-screen printing, then sintering process.
Step S13, electrical pumping: by light decay furnace or electrical pumping furnace, battery pond photo attenuation is reduced.
Step S14, test sorting: last battery tests stepping.
Comparative experiments:
Contrast groups: alkali throwing is carried out to the silicon wafer on production line using the medical fluid of original formulation in background technique;
Experimental group: alkali throwing is carried out to the silicon wafer on production line using optimization of C/C composites medical fluid of the invention;
The fluid infusion mode of contrast groups and experimental group is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
According to the data in table 1, in such a way that optimization of C/C composites of the invention carries out ladder fluid infusion, compare original formulation Fluid infusion mode, to the production capacity for having the beneficial effect that entire medical fluid period that alkali is thrown of the silicon wafers of the different batches on production line by 10800 are promoted to 22000, and the medical fluid period is promoted to 60 batches by 30 batches, and the unit consumption of additive is by 18.5 liters/ten thousand Piece is down to 12.6 liters/ten thousand.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of alkali based on SE polishes efficient PERC battery process, comprising the following steps:
Step S01, making herbs into wool: monocrystalline silicon piece obtains good suede structure by surface wool manufacturing;
Step S02, it spreads: being passed through phosphorus oxychloride and silicon wafer is reacted, realize diffusion;
Step S03, SE technique: selective emitter has selection on the silicon substrate being lightly doped, through the laser beam of micron-scale Carry out to property the heavy doping of foreign atom;
Step S04, hot oxygen: increasing high temperature thermal oxidation technique after SE technique, produces deposition layer of silicon dioxide in silicon chip surface and protects Sheath;
Step S05, it removes PSG: edge PN junction being etched through past PSG and is removed;
Step S06, alkali polishes: throwing formula using the alkali after optimization, carries out alkali polishing to silicon wafer;
Step S07, it anneals: annealing to the silicon wafer after alkali polishing, produce deposition silica coating in silicon chip surface;
Step S08, aluminum oxide passivation film back passivation: is deposited by ALD or PECVD mode at silicon wafer back;
Step S09, notacoria: silicon nitride film is grown at the back side of silicon wafer;
Step S10, positive film: in the front growth silicon nitride film of silicon wafer;
Step S11, laser slotting laser slotting: is carried out to the silicon chip back side after plated film;
Step S12, printing-sintering: the back side and front printing are completed by silk-screen printing, is then sintered technique;
Step S13, electrical pumping: pass through light decay furnace or electrical pumping furnace;
Step S14, it tests sorting: battery testing stepping finally being carried out to cell piece;
It is characterized by:
In step S06, alkali polishes used additive and alkali fluid infusion is added according to staged:
1-15 batch, additive amount infused are 200-350ml, and alkali amount infused is 300-1000ml, and pure water amount infused is 7-9L;
16-30 batch, additive amount infused are 250-400ml, and alkali amount infused is 850-1150ml, and pure water amount infused is 8- 10L;
31-60 batch, additive amount infused are 300-500ml, and alkali amount infused is 1000-1300ml, and pure water amount infused is 9- 11L。
2. a kind of alkali based on SE according to claim 1 polishes efficient PERC battery process, it is characterised in that: described to add Agent selection is added to open up the reagent of nation BP -170, potassium hydroxide solution is selected in the alkali fluid infusion.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110176522A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-27 常州时创能源科技有限公司 A kind of alkaline etching technique of SE solar battery
CN110176521A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-27 常州时创能源科技有限公司 The alkaline etching method of SE solar battery
CN110416368A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-05 常州时创能源科技有限公司 A kind of production line of laser SE battery
CN110459646A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-15 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 A kind of novel process for throwing laser selective emitter suitable for alkali
CN110752271A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-02-04 无锡琨圣科技有限公司 Processing method of PERC battery
CN110922970A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-27 南京纳鑫新材料有限公司 PERC battery back polishing additive and technology
CN111403552A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-10 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Multi-light-source composite passivation method for reducing crystalline silicon solar cell attenuation
CN111584687A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-25 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 Novel method for realizing LDSE (laser direct ion exchanger) by alkali throwing
CN114032035A (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-02-11 常州时创能源股份有限公司 Additive for alkali polishing of silicon wafer and application thereof
CN115132876A (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-30 黄河水电西宁太阳能电力有限公司 Efficient PERC battery preparation process based on SE back alkali polishing
CN115494887A (en) * 2022-11-16 2022-12-20 合肥新晶集成电路有限公司 Etching liquid replenishing method and device and etching equipment

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CN106024970A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-10-12 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Equipment-compatible crystalline silicon cell etching method and PERC cell acid-polishing method
CN109449248A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-03-08 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high efficiency SE-PERC solar battery

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US20060283095A1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 Planar Solutions, Llc Fumed silica to colloidal silica conversion process
US20110174376A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-21 Amberwave, Inc. Monocrystalline Thin Cell
CN103441070A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-11 常州捷佳创精密机械有限公司 Texture surface making equipment of crystal silicon wafers and texture surface making method
CN106024970A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-10-12 晋能清洁能源科技有限公司 Equipment-compatible crystalline silicon cell etching method and PERC cell acid-polishing method
CN109449248A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-03-08 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high efficiency SE-PERC solar battery

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110176522A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-27 常州时创能源科技有限公司 A kind of alkaline etching technique of SE solar battery
CN110176521A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-27 常州时创能源科技有限公司 The alkaline etching method of SE solar battery
CN110459646A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-15 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 A kind of novel process for throwing laser selective emitter suitable for alkali
CN110416368A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-05 常州时创能源科技有限公司 A kind of production line of laser SE battery
CN110752271A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-02-04 无锡琨圣科技有限公司 Processing method of PERC battery
CN110922970A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-27 南京纳鑫新材料有限公司 PERC battery back polishing additive and technology
CN111403552A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-10 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Multi-light-source composite passivation method for reducing crystalline silicon solar cell attenuation
CN111403552B (en) * 2020-03-24 2022-07-22 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 Multi-light-source composite passivation method for reducing crystalline silicon solar cell attenuation
CN111584687A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-25 山西潞安太阳能科技有限责任公司 Novel method for realizing LDSE (laser direct ion exchanger) by alkali throwing
CN115132876A (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-30 黄河水电西宁太阳能电力有限公司 Efficient PERC battery preparation process based on SE back alkali polishing
CN114032035A (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-02-11 常州时创能源股份有限公司 Additive for alkali polishing of silicon wafer and application thereof
CN114032035B (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-06-07 常州时创能源股份有限公司 Additive for alkali polishing of silicon wafer and application thereof
CN115494887A (en) * 2022-11-16 2022-12-20 合肥新晶集成电路有限公司 Etching liquid replenishing method and device and etching equipment
CN115494887B (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-02-17 合肥新晶集成电路有限公司 Etching liquid supplementing method, etching liquid supplementing device and etching equipment

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