CN1100079A - 远红外辐射体 - Google Patents
远红外辐射体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1100079A CN1100079A CN93116237A CN93116237A CN1100079A CN 1100079 A CN1100079 A CN 1100079A CN 93116237 A CN93116237 A CN 93116237A CN 93116237 A CN93116237 A CN 93116237A CN 1100079 A CN1100079 A CN 1100079A
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种新型的远红外辐射材料。该
材料能有效地辐射激发动物(例如人体)和植物体内
水分子所需的热能。一种远红外辐射材料含有5—
60％(重量)的氧化铝、20—70％(重量)的至少一种
选自二氧化钛、碳化钛和硼化钛的钛化合物、20—
50％(重量)的至少一种选自氧化锆、碳化锆和硼化
锆的锆化合物以及0.01—0.5％(重量)的稀土金属氧
化物。一种远红外辐射组合物，包括本发明的远红外
辐射材料和树脂，可以制成板状、管状、片状或纤维织
物。
Description
本发明涉及一种新型的远红外辐射体。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种远红外辐射材料，该材料可以应用于某些加工领域，例如各种物料（例如食品）的干燥和冷却、农产品和海产品的养殖，除了在医疗仪器或服装方面所具有的功能（例如隔热）之外，在空调、理发和美容治疗以及类似的领域里也具有相应的功能。
许多含有氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化硅或类似氧化物的陶瓷通常被推荐作为远红外辐射材料。这些材料可用于加热、冷却或干燥物品、或应用于空调、或医药以增进吸收或提高热能的辐射效率。
为了有效地利用远红外线辐射到物体或人体的热能，必须使辐射的远红外线与接受远红外线辐射的物体中所含水分子的转振波长一致。然而，常规的远红外辐射材料往往不能满意地达到适合于激发水分子的辐射效果。
为此，本发明的目的是提供一种新型的远红外辐射材料，该材料能有效地辐射激发动物（例如人体）和植物体内水分子所需的热能。
根据本发明的远红外辐射材料，可以达到上述目的，该材料含有5-60%（重量）的氧化铝、20-70%（重量）的至少一种选自二氧化钛、碳化钛和硼化钛的钛化合物、20-50%（重量）的至少一种选自氧化锆、碳化锆和硼化锆化合物以及0.01-0.5%（重量）的稀土金属氧化物。
本发明的远红外辐射材料中，氧化铝的含量范围为约5至约60%（重量）。当该含量超过60%（重量）时，在8-10μm或以上的波长范围远红外辐射的效率将会降低，当其含量低于5%（重量）时，虽然辐射效率尚可，但是，在与聚合物粘合剂的混合物作业中将产生困难，而不利于制备远红外辐射体。钛化合物的含量在20-70%（重量）之间。当该含量高于70%时，在12μm以上的波长范围辐射效率将降低，当其含量低于20%时，虽然辐射效率尚可，但是，在与聚合物粘合剂的混合作业中将产生困难，从而导致捏和的操作性能下降。
锆化合物含量范围为20-50%（重量）。如果该含量高于50%，辐射效率将降低;当其含量低于20%，在小于5μm的波长范围辐射效率将下降。优选钛化合物和锆化合物的总含量不低于70%（重量）。此外，如果按配方稀土氧化物的含量不低于0.01%（重量），则将产生增进远红外辐射效率的效果。然而，当稀土氧化物的含量超过0.5%（重量）时，经济上不合算。
如上所述，本发明的远红外辐射材料包括氧化铝、钛化合物（例如二氧化钛、碳化钛、和硼化钛）、锆化合物（例如氧化锆、碳化锆、和硼化锆）以及稀土元素（例如钕、镧和钇）的氧化物。在本发明的远红外辐射材料中添加含量不超过8%（重量）的其它组分，例如少量的硅、碱金属氧化物、碱土金属氧化物、第Ⅷ族金属氧化物或磷化合物，不会产生严重的问题。上述添加的组分不仅可以是单一的氧化物，而且还可以是复合的氧化物。
本发明的远红外辐射材料所含的组分可以是粉末，以便于混合而形成组合物。另外，可以按配方选择一部分或全部组分在高温下烧结，然后，研磨所得的产品。为了满足下述各种加工作业中混合的可操作性或可塑性的要求，按上述方法制成的远红外辐射材料其优选的粒度应尽可能小。
本发明的远红外辐射材料可以用树脂（例如合成树脂）为原料的粘合剂粘合，制成各种形状例如薄膜、片状、管状或其它类似形状的产品。远红外辐射材料也可以采取纤维织物的形式应用，办法是将该材料混入制备纤维用的聚合物中，然后，将该混合物纺丝即可制成纤维织物。将该材料混入制片的材料例如纸中，即可进一步以远红外辐射片的形式应用。这种薄片或薄板经进一步加工后可以再制成任意形状的模压片。除此之外，该材料与适宜的粘合剂或溶剂混合后可以作为远红外辐射涂料应用。
活性机体中的水分往往与生物聚合物结合而形成水合物簇，该水合物簇易于吸收波长6-12μm的远红外辐射线。本发明的远红外辐射材料能有效地辐射波长为4-20μm或更宽的远红外辐射线，因此，它可以在有效地加热或干燥动物或植物类食品的设备中应用。此外，该材料在医疗仪器以及服装或建筑材料等方面的应用可以显示出比常规材料优越的性能。
实施例和对照实施例
为了制备本发明的远红外辐射材料A-G和对照实施例的远红外辐射材料H-M，可按表1所示的配方将下列粉末组分分别混合：二氧化钛粉末（粒度约为0.1-0.3μm）;碳化钛粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;硼化钛粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;氧化铝粉末（粒度约为0.3-0.5μm）;氧化锆粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;碳化锆粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;硼化锆粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;氧化镧粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;氧化钇粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;氧化钕粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）;二氧化硼粉末（粒度约为0.3μm）。
根据配方将50份重的按上述方法制成的每一种远红外辐射材料与100份重的高密度聚乙烯在树脂温度200℃、捏合-挤压机（TOYOTESTER Co.，Ltd制造）的转速150rpm条件下捏合10分钟，即可将其制成颗粒。通过挤压机可以将每种组合物的颗粒制成薄片，经热压可制成厚度为0.8mm的薄板。可以分别将如上制得的薄板切割成每块面积为5cm×5cm的测试样片，用远红外辐射光谱仪（JIR-E500型，Nihon Denshi，JEOL公司生产）在温度35℃下测定样片的红外辐射率。通过在波长范围为4-24μm下的每个样片的辐射率与温度35℃下黑体的理想辐射率之比值即可求得辐射率R。
表1还包括测试各个样片所得的辐射率R的值。
测试实施例1
900mm×900mm×0.8mm的远红外辐射树脂板P是按照上述同样的方法制备的，其配方为10份重的本发明的远红外辐射材料B与100份重的聚丙烯。用该远红外辐射材料紧贴在宽8m，长8m和高1.8m的干燥柜的四壁和顶部的表面上，而左右两壁彼此面对地安装了热空气进口和出口格栅之处除外。将四台可移动的不锈钢支架放入内部作了上述改进的干燥柜中，每台支架上均有七层格栅，格栅上放置扇形内收肌肌肉，在流速为5m/min，温度为24℃的热空气气流下对肌肉进行干燥。经过四小时的干燥，可以得到均匀、半干的内收肌肌肉。
通过插在内收肌肌肉表面和内部的热电偶测量温度，一块肌肉放在移动支架的中间一层、距进口格栅1m的位置上，另一块则放在移动支架的中间一层、距出口格栅1m的位置上。如表2所示，从开始干燥起，经过48分钟后所有测量点记录的温度都同样为24℃。
树脂板Q按上述相同的方式用上述对照实施例J的远红外辐射材料制成，干燥柜四壁和顶部的表面按同样方式用该材料衬里。在干燥柜中按照相似的方式对内收肌肌肉进行干燥试验。经过4小时的干燥未能将内收肌肌肉均匀地干燥，必须另加一小时才能使所有的内收肌肌肉半干燥。
如上所述，内收肌肌肉放在移动支架的相同位置上，并在干燥柜的相同位置上干燥，表2列出了从开始干燥起，经过48分钟后用热电偶测得的温度结果。从表2可以看出，与本发明的远红外辐射材料相比，对照实施例的远红外辐射材料的温度分布很宽，而对被干燥物品的干燥效率却不高。
表2
测量位置 本发明的树脂板P 对照实施例的树脂板Q
进口格栅侧的内收肌肌肉
表面 24 26
内部 24 24
出口格栅侧的内收肌肌肉
表面 24 23
内部 24 22
测试实施例2
本发明的远红外辐射材料A，按材料A的含量为人造纤维固体含量的1%（重量）的配方，与用于纺织人造纤维的添加剂均匀地混合。将该混合物纺丝即可制成4登尼尔的人造短纤维，用针冲孔法可以制成面密度为30g/m2的无纺人造纤维织物。然后，将该无纺织物切成25cm×15cm的若干小片，并用这些小片缝成长15cm，直径8cm的装桃的圆筒状水果袋。
按照上述同样的方法可以制成另一种人造纤维织物，其中含有1%的对照实施例的远红外辐射材料M，对照实施例的桃水果袋也按上述方法制成。
为了进一步对比，另外准备了一些普通的玻璃纸桃水果袋。
随机选择8-9龄的桃树（NoTo品种），将上述水果袋套在幼桃上，这些桃子就在这种情况下生长。在收获季节，分别挑选上部树枝、中部树枝、和下部树枝，采摘其上成熟的桃子，然后，按照下列各项对采摘的水果进行评价。表3列出了评价的结果。可以看出，采用本发明的远红外辐射材料制成的水果袋能有效地生产出高质量的桃子水果，桃子的含糖量和大小均增加。
评价项目
（1）大小：收获时，用卡尺测量每个水果的高度、长度和宽度。
（2）重量：收获时，用家用称称量每个水果的的重量。
（3）含糖量：收获时，用刀沿着桃子的等分线对称地切到水果的接缝处，从两块果肉中取出一块，用折射糖量计测定每块果肉的含糖量，计算出两块果肉含糖量的平均值。
（4）颜色：收获时，用肉眼观察每个水果的色度，按三个等级计分：1：差，2：一般，3：好，计算出各等级的平均值。
表3
桃果的质量
评价项目 本发明水果袋 对照实施例水果袋 普通水果袋
尺寸(长-宽-高,cm)
上部树枝 7.06-7.51-8.42 7.05-7.60-8.30 7.05-7.63-8.28
中部树枝 6.96-7.56-7.91 6.71-7.12-7.71 6.67-7.10-7.63
下部树枝 6.61-7.15-7.40 6.42-6.81-7.01 6.36-6.72-7.16
平均重量(g)
上部树枝 272 264 260
中部树枝 244 232 204
下部树枝 220 184 178
平均含糖量(%)
上部树枝 15.0 14.4 14.3
中部树枝 13.5 12.7 12.5
下部树枝 12.2 12.1 13.6
颜色(平均分数)
上部树枝 2.75 2.60 3.00
中部树枝 2.80 2.75 2.00
下部树枝 2.17 1.76 1.60
测试实施例3
按照材料C的含量为尼龙树脂固体含量1%的配方，将本发明的远红外辐射材料C与尼龙均匀混合，即可制得一种与尼龙纤维混纺的原材料将该原材料精纺，即可生产出4登尼尔的尼龙短纤维。将20%的尼龙短纤维与羊毛混合即制得羊毛线，并用此毛线编织成毛衣。
另一种尼龙短纤维含1%的对照实施例的远红外辐射材料M，采用上述相同的方法制成，用该对照实施例的20%的尼龙短纤维与羊毛混纺，并用此毛线编织成类似的毛衣。
为了进一步对比，另外准备了一件用100%的羊毛织成的毛衣。
在20℃的室内，一个穿上一件毛衣，30分钟后脱下，立即用放在身体前面的温度记录器测量皮肤的温度，然后，对各测量值进行相互比较。
表4列出了测量的结果，从表中可以看出，用本发明的远红外辐射材料织成的毛衣保温性能最好，不仅能有效地保持身体的温度，而且还能提高。
表4
皮肤温度的测定值(℃)
测定部位 本发明的毛衣 对照实施例 纯羊毛
头部 33.1 33.5 33.9
肩部 34.2 33.3 33.1
胸部 34.3 33.5 33.2
腹部 33.8 33.1 33.0
本发明的远红外辐射材料能有效地辐射适宜波长范围的远红外射线，易于被活性机体（例如动物、植物和人体）中所含的水分吸收。因此，在各种应用中都可以产生极好的效果。例如可应用于加工工业中干燥和冷却各种物料，如食品，应用于农产品和海产品的养殖，除了在医疗仪器或服装方面所具有的功能（例如隔热）之外，在空调、理发和美容治疗等领域里也可以应用。
Claims (9)
1、一种远红外辐射材料，包括5-60%(重量)的氧化铝、20-70%的至少一种选自二氧化钛、碳化钛和硼化钛的钛化合物、20-50%的至少一种选自氧化锆、碳化锆和硼化锆的锆化合物以及0.01-0.5%(重量)的稀土金属氧化物。
2、根据权利要求1的远红外辐射材料，其中，钛化合物和锆化合物的总含量不低于70%（重量）。
3、根据权利要求1的远红外辐射材料，其中，所述稀土氧化物是氧化镧、氧化钕、或氧化钇。
4、根据权利要求1的远红外辐射材料，其中，各种组分都是粉末。
5、一种远红外辐射组合物，包括树脂和权利要求1的远红外辐射材料。
6、根据权利要求5的远红外辐射组合物，它以板状的形式制成。
7、根据权利要求5的远红外辐射组合物，它以管状的形式制成。
8、根据权利要求5的远红外辐射组合物，它以片状的形式制成。
9、根据权利要求5的远红外辐射组合物，它以纤维织物的形式制成。
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| GB8821116D0 (en) * | 1988-09-08 | 1989-11-08 | Barr & Stroud Ltd | Infra-red transmitting optical components and optical coatings therefor |
| CN1041348A (zh) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-04-18 | 吉林市陶瓷厂 | 多孔陶瓷红外辐射板 |
| JPH03187832A (ja) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-08-15 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | 透明容器 |
| JPH03273076A (ja) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-12-04 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | 耐熱性塗料 |
| CN1027365C (zh) * | 1991-02-01 | 1995-01-11 | 天津市硅酸盐研究所 | 远红外陶瓷粉及其制备方法 |
| CN1053784A (zh) * | 1991-03-23 | 1991-08-14 | 李冬绮 | 远红外陶瓷及其制造方法 |
| US5234985A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1993-08-10 | Cheil Industries, Inc. | Transparent resin composition radiating far infrared rays |
-
1992
- 1992-08-31 JP JP23192092A patent/JPH07115914B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-07-26 SG SG1996008512A patent/SG48260A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-26 EP EP93111927A patent/EP0588031B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-26 DE DE69301800T patent/DE69301800T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-27 TW TW082106012A patent/TW274098B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-30 US US08/099,328 patent/US5419855A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-07 KR KR1019930015352A patent/KR960007375B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-09 CN CN93116237A patent/CN1050588C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102585780A (zh) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 株式会社法贝斯特 | 蓄热材料和使用该材料的蓄热坯料 |
| CN102806725A (zh) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-05 | Ventex株式会社 | 体热反射片 |
| CN102806725B (zh) * | 2011-06-03 | 2017-05-03 | Ventex株式会社 | 体热反射片 |
| CN108546158A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-09-18 | 佛山石湾鹰牌陶瓷有限公司 | 远红外瓷砖的制备方法 |
| CN108752055A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | 佛山石湾鹰牌陶瓷有限公司 | 远红外瓷砖的制备方法 |
| CN109793265A (zh) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-24 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种具有红外辐射加热功能的卷烟纸 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5419855A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
| DE69301800D1 (de) | 1996-04-18 |
| DE69301800T2 (de) | 1996-09-19 |
| EP0588031B1 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| JPH07115914B2 (ja) | 1995-12-13 |
| KR940003887A (ko) | 1994-03-12 |
| EP0588031A1 (en) | 1994-03-23 |
| JPH0680466A (ja) | 1994-03-22 |
| TW274098B (zh) | 1996-04-11 |
| SG48260A1 (en) | 1998-04-17 |
| CN1050588C (zh) | 2000-03-22 |
| KR960007375B1 (ko) | 1996-05-31 |
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