CN109997789A - The method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization - Google Patents
The method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization Download PDFInfo
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- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000037308 hair color Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000019100 sperm motility Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002381 testicular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009400 out breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 101150015730 Prlr gene Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 101150025179 UBA52 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004994 reproductive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
- A01K67/0275—Genetically modified vertebrates, e.g. transgenic
- A01K67/0276—Knock-out vertebrates
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- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the methods that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in a kind of hybridization of three series mating.The present invention is selected with CSN1S gene, PRLR gene, UBA52 gene polynorphisms using specific breeding mode in goat, and strictly carries out breeding by the standard of customization.Advantage of the invention is that the screening to meat production, lambing, milk performance protogene, and combine heterosis, hybrid vigor, from individual meat production and milk performance, and the emerging production performance of construction of Guizhou black goat is improved on the basis of group's lambing, to cultivate high-quality construction of Guizhou black goat new varieties (strain).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of livestock husbandry, the side of high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in specially a kind of three series mating hybridization
Method.
Background technique
Construction of Guizhou black goat main product has been cited as Guizhou Province's Local Excellent kind protection catalogue in the area Guizhou Province Liu Panshui.
It has the characteristics that coat black, meat are excellent, figure is larger, gregariousness is good, feeding property is wide, migration ability and resistance are strong.
But construction of Guizhou black goat meat production is relatively low, existing 6 monthly age average weights are 19.95kg/.Dressing percentage is 47.39%.In sheep raising
Industry developed country, mutton sheep improved variety degree is generally high, and fattening production has formed scale, specialization and intensive industry.Such as
U.S.'s lamb accounts for 94% of Mutton yield or more, and New Zealand accounts for 90% or more, and France accounts for 75%, and Australia accounts for 70%.It is expensive
State black goat has predominance, and individual Meat Performance is lower than world average level (15kg/ is only), more below sheep husbandry prosperity state
Family (18kg/ is only).
Bohr is referred to as the world " king of meat goat ", is outstanding meat goat kind.Black boer goat be South Africa most
New meat type Goats Breeds " OK a karaoke club Kazakhstan "；Nubia milch goat (black system) has the characteristics that newborn performance is good, breeding potential is high, is
Originate in the Dual-purpose production of milk and meat type goat in the U.S.；The simple big ear sheep in state is the meat type Goats Breeds that Sichuan province is cultivated；With skeleton
Tall and big advantage.With this research by national Mutton Sheep Industry technical system expert's platform, purebred black boer goat, purebred is introduced
Nubia sheep (black system) He Jianzhou black goat (black system) improves Guizhou black goat, with three series mating Hybridization principle, and benefit
The meat production of construction of Guizhou black goat is improved on the basis of not changing " black " hair color with the joint selection between county domain, is cultivated
Meat type Goats Breeds are as sheep for the market.
Present breeding mode has
One, selection and use+natural mating+phenotypic character breeding
Selection and use: from existing germ plasm resource group, excellent natural variation individual is screened according to Apparent character, is made
It, which raises up seed, carrys out breeding new varieties.Natural mating: pangamy is also cried.Male and female sheep is herded with group exactly, is raised with circle,
Ewe heat successor's ram pangamy.Phenotypic character breeding: it is carried out selecting and remain breeding according to the phenotypic character of offspring goat.In this way
Selection has the following disadvantages:
1. reducing the gene diversity that offspring plants sheep, it is unfavorable for the evolution of biology, is easy to produce inbreeding depression；
2. since the separation of character can occur for group, need mostly generation screening breeding and select the Technical comparing of merit to answer
It is miscellaneous；
3. ram chases mounting ewe in flock of sheep, causes male and female sheep both sides all unrelieved feeling feeding, rest, influence male and female
The sheep growth of livestock and constitution；
4. planned breeding can not be carried out, it is be easy to cause inbreeding and lamb earlier mating, influences normal breeding work
It carries out；
5. the utilization rate of stud ram is low, the effect of outstanding stud ram cannot be given full play to, production cost is caused to increase；
6. if can also have the leakage phenomenon of ewe male and female is out of proportion；
7. be easy to causeing the propagation of reproductive system infectious disease.
Two, mutation breeding+natural mating+phenotypic character breeding
Mutation breeding: refer to that the breeding method that biological new varieties are obtained using the method for induced mutations, such mode are existed
As following drawbacks:
1. favorable variation is few, material must be largely handled；
2. the direction of mutagenesis and property not can control；
3. it is poor to improve quantitative character effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the sides that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in a kind of hybridization of three series mating
Method, it is interim on the basis of not changing construction of Guizhou black goat " black " hair color to cultivate the meat new lines of construction of Guizhou black goat, and overcome
The deficiencies in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: choice meat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization
With the method for black goat,
Step 1: establish card it is expensive exert, letter expensive exert, blocks expensive simple three corss combination systems；
1) blocking the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system is, with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and Nubia ram respectively with construction of Guizhou black goat
Ewe hybridization obtains to block and your F1 generation goat is exerted for your F1 generation goat；Again the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and your F1 generation goat phase exerted
Mutual cross, which obtains, blocks the expensive F2 that exerts for goat；
2) the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system of letter is: with the big ear sheep ram in simple state and Nubia ram respectively with Guizhou Black Hills
The ewe hybridization of sheep obtains your simple F1 generation goat and your F1 generation goat is exerted；With your simple F1 generation goat of acquisition and your F1 generation goat exerted
Phase mutual cross obtains the expensive F2 that exerts of letter for goat；
3) breeding for blocking your letter corss combination system is: with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and letter state big ear sheep ram respectively with Guizhou Black Hills
The ewe hybridization of sheep obtains your F1 generation goat and your simple F1 generation goat blocked；With the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and your simple F1 generation goat
Phase mutual cross obtains blocks for goat by your letter F2；
Step 2: by the card of acquisition it is expensive exert F2 for goat, letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat these three are miscellaneous
Hand over breed system F2 to be hybridized for goat, specifically: by card it is expensive exert F2 for goat with letter is expensive exerts F2 and hybridize for goat, acquisition, which blocks, exerts
Your F3 is for goat for letter；By letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat hybridize, acquisition the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat；
Step 3: the expensive F3 of Ka Nujian obtained with step 2 is for goat and the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat phase mutual cross, acquisition
Commercial generation meat type black goat, i.e. the expensive F4 of Ka Nujian is for goat.
In above-mentioned steps, from F1-F4 for each generation to select and remain standard as follows:
Kind ewe is selected and remain:
It selects and remain and is carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight
3kg or more；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the progress of when at 4 monthly age, weight reaches 23kg or more, and body is up to 48cm or more, and body is up to 52cm or more,
Pipe encloses 9cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in August age Shi Jinhang, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, body up to 63cm with
On；The wide depth of chest, shirtfront is plentiful, and back waist is straight, and the wide length of buttocks, head, shoulder, back, waist, buttocks are well combined；
Stud ram is selected and remain:
It selects and remain and is carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight
More than 3.2kg；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the wean when progress of 3 monthly age of lamb, 3 monthly age weight 25kg or more, body is up to 50cm or more, and body is long
Up to 55cm or more, bust 55cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in the progress of when at 6 monthly age, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, body up to 60cm with
On；The wide depth of chest, shirtfront is plentiful, and rear quarters is more plentiful, and waist is strong, and Testicular Size is moderate and well-balanced；
Select and remain in the progress of when one full year of life for 4th time, weight reaches 45kg or more, and body is up to 60cm or more, body up to 65cm with
On, single ejaculation amount 1.0ml or more, 0.6 or more sperm motility.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention using specific breeding mode select with CSN1S gene, PRLR gene,
UBA52 gene polynorphisms strictly carry out breeding in goat, and by the standard of customization.Advantage of the invention is that meat is produced
The screening of energy, lambing, milk performance protogene, and heterosis, hybrid vigor is combined, from individual meat production and milk performance, with
And the emerging production performance of construction of Guizhou black goat is improved on the basis of group's lambing, to cultivate high-quality construction of Guizhou black goat new varieties
(strain).
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is breeding flow chart of the invention.
Attached drawing 2 is the cultivation flow chart of meat type black goat sheep for the market of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Implementation steps of the invention: the method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization,
Step 1: establish card it is expensive exert, letter expensive exert, blocks expensive simple three corss combination systems；
1) blocking the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system is, with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and Nubia ram respectively with construction of Guizhou black goat
Ewe hybridization obtains to block and your F1 generation goat is exerted for your F1 generation goat；Again the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and your F1 generation goat phase exerted
Mutual cross, which obtains, blocks the expensive F2 that exerts for goat；
2) the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system of letter is: with the big ear sheep ram in simple state and Nubia ram respectively with Guizhou Black Hills
The ewe hybridization of sheep obtains your simple F1 generation goat and your F1 generation goat is exerted；With your simple F1 generation goat of acquisition and your F1 generation goat exerted
Phase mutual cross obtains the expensive F2 that exerts of letter for goat；
3) breeding for blocking your letter corss combination system is: with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and letter state big ear sheep ram respectively with Guizhou Black Hills
The ewe hybridization of sheep obtains your F1 generation goat and your simple F1 generation goat blocked；With the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and your simple F1 generation goat
Phase mutual cross obtains blocks for goat by your letter F2；
Step 2: by the card of acquisition it is expensive exert F2 for goat, letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat these three are miscellaneous
Hand over breed system F2 to be hybridized for goat, specifically: by card it is expensive exert F2 for goat with letter is expensive exerts F2 and hybridize for goat, acquisition, which blocks, exerts
Your F3 is for goat for letter；By letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat hybridize, acquisition the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat；
Step 3: the expensive F3 of Ka Nujian obtained with step 2 is for goat and the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat phase mutual cross, acquisition
Commercial generation meat type black goat, i.e. the expensive F4 of Ka Nujian is for goat.
In above-mentioned steps, from F1-F4 for each generation to select and remain standard as follows:
Kind ewe is selected and remain:
It selects and remain and is carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight
3kg or more；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the progress of when at 4 monthly age, weight reaches 23kg or more, and body is up to 48cm or more, and body is up to 52cm or more,
Pipe encloses 9cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in August age Shi Jinhang, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, body up to 63cm with
On；The wide depth of chest, shirtfront is plentiful, and back waist is straight, and the wide length of buttocks, head, shoulder, back, waist, buttocks are well combined；
Stud ram is selected and remain:
It selects and remain and is carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight
More than 3.2kg；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the wean when progress of 3 monthly age of lamb, 3 monthly age weight 25kg or more, body is up to 50cm or more, and body is long
Up to 55cm or more, bust 55cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in the progress of when at 6 monthly age, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, body up to 60cm with
On；The wide depth of chest, shirtfront is plentiful, and rear quarters is more plentiful, and waist is strong, and Testicular Size is moderate and well-balanced；
Select and remain in the progress of when one full year of life for 4th time, weight reaches 45kg or more, and body is up to 60cm or more, body up to 65cm with
On, single ejaculation amount 1.0ml or more, 0.6 or more sperm motility.
1. kind of ewe breeding standard
2. stud ram breeding standard
The scheme of the present embodiment from 2015 to 2018 in Guizhou Province's sheep stud, implement by the cultivation base Mai Ping, passes through this
Kind mode is selected and remain, and the meat production of construction of Guizhou black goat improves 5.6% on the basis of original production performance in 2015.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization, it is characterised in that:
Step 1: establish card it is expensive exert, letter expensive exert, blocks expensive simple three corss combination systems；
1) blocking the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system is, with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and Nubia ram respectively with the ewe of construction of Guizhou black goat
Hybridization obtains to block and your F1 generation goat is exerted for your F1 generation goat；Again with the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and to exert your F1 generation goat mutually miscellaneous
It hands over to obtain and blocks the expensive F2 that exerts for goat；
2) the expensive breeding for exerting corss combination system of letter is: with the big ear sheep ram in simple state and Nubia ram respectively with construction of Guizhou black goat
Ewe hybridization obtains your simple F1 generation goat and your F1 generation goat is exerted；With your simple F1 generation goat of acquisition and to exert your F1 generation goat mutual
Hybridization obtains the expensive F2 that exerts of letter for goat；
3) breeding for blocking your letter corss combination system is: with OK a karaoke club breathe out ram and letter state big ear sheep ram respectively with construction of Guizhou black goat
Ewe hybridization obtains your F1 generation goat and your simple F1 generation goat blocked；It is mutual with the expensive F1 generation goat of the card of acquisition and your simple F1 generation goat
Hybridization obtains blocks for goat by your letter F2；
Step 2: by the card of acquisition it is expensive exert F2 for goat, letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat these three hybridization are matched
Set system F2 is hybridized for goat, specifically: by card it is expensive exert F2 for goat with letter is expensive exerts F2 and hybridize for goat, acquisition Ka Nujian is expensive
F3 is for goat；By letter it is expensive exert F2 for goat and block your letter F2 for goat hybridize, acquisition the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat；
Step 3: the expensive F3 of Ka Nujian obtained with step 2 is for goat and the expensive F3 of Jian Nuka for goat phase mutual cross, acquisition commodity
For meat type black goat, i.e. the expensive F4 of Ka Nujian is for goat.
2. the method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: upper
State in step, from F1-F4 for each generation to select and remain standard as follows:
Kind ewe is selected and remain:
Select and remain and carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight 3kg with
On；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the progress of when at 4 monthly age, weight reaches 23kg or more, and body is up to 48cm or more, and body is up to 52cm or more, Guan Wei
9cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in August age Shi Jinhang, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, and body is up to 63cm or more；Chest
The wide depth in portion, shirtfront is plentiful, and back waist is straight, and the wide length of buttocks, head, shoulder, back, waist, buttocks are well combined；
Stud ram is selected and remain:
It selects and remain and is carried out in lamb nascent for the first time, select and remain black goat, eliminate other hair color goats, lamb birth weight 3.2kg
More than；
It is selected and remain for the second time in the wean when progress of 3 monthly age of lamb, 3 monthly age weight 25kg or more, body is up to 50cm or more, and body is up to
55cm or more, bust 55cm or more；
Third time is selected and remain in the progress of when at 6 monthly age, and weight reaches 35kg or more, and body is up to 55cm or more, and body is up to 60cm or more；Chest
The wide depth in portion, shirtfront is plentiful, and rear quarters is more plentiful, and waist is strong, and Testicular Size is moderate and well-balanced；
It selects and remain in the progress of when one full year of life for 4th time, weight reaches 45kg or more, and body is up to 60cm or more, and body is up to 65cm or more, single
Secondary ejaculation amount 1.0ml or more, 0.6 or more sperm motility.
3. the method that high-quality meat black goat is cultivated in three series mating hybridization according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: carry out
Molecule assisted Selection selects meat gene or milk matter gene.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111134088A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-12 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Method for breeding new strain/variety for Guizhou black goat meat |
| CN116114659A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-16 | 贵州省种畜禽种质测定中心 | Method for cultivating new strain by using Guizhou black goat male parent resource and application |
| CN116491473A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-07-28 | 贵州省种畜禽种质测定中心 | Method for introducing Guizhou black goat stock line into south Africa Kara Ha Shanyang blood margin to cultivate new strain and application |
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| CN111134088A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-12 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Method for breeding new strain/variety for Guizhou black goat meat |
| CN116114659A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-16 | 贵州省种畜禽种质测定中心 | Method for cultivating new strain by using Guizhou black goat male parent resource and application |
| CN116491473A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-07-28 | 贵州省种畜禽种质测定中心 | Method for introducing Guizhou black goat stock line into south Africa Kara Ha Shanyang blood margin to cultivate new strain and application |
| CN116114659B (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2024-05-24 | 贵州省种畜禽种质测定中心 | Method for cultivating new strain by using Guizhou black goat male parent resource and application |
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