CN109966191B - 一种金露梅花提取物及其新应用 - Google Patents
一种金露梅花提取物及其新应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109966191B CN109966191B CN201711457043.2A CN201711457043A CN109966191B CN 109966191 B CN109966191 B CN 109966191B CN 201711457043 A CN201711457043 A CN 201711457043A CN 109966191 B CN109966191 B CN 109966191B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明提供了金露梅花提取物及其新应用,所述金露梅花提取物具有很好的美白和抗衰老功效,可用于化妆品、保健食品和医药领域,尤其是可应用于化妆品中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于天然产物化学领域,尤其涉及一种金露梅花提取物及其新应用。
背景技术
美白、抗衰老化妆品一直以来都是女性的追求和向往,也是美容界研究的永恒话题。近年来随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步,人们对化妆品的需求亦随之提高。
人类皮肤的颜色与皮肤中存在的色素种类和数量有关,黑色素对皮肤颜色影响最大。关于皮肤黑色素的形成,目前研究表明主要是由于黑素细胞内的生物化学反应引起,即酪氨酸在作为催化剂的酪氨酸酶的作用下,生成多巴醌,再通过酶的催化作用或非酶的氧化作用形成黑色素。关于抑制上述黑色素生成的美白活性物,通常以抑制酪氨酸酶活性为主要靶点。来源于植物提取物的酪氨酸酶抑制剂作为潜在的美白活性物,同时又具有安全性和对皮肤低刺激性的预期,目前已有各种开发的报道。
皮肤由于暴露在紫外线等外界环境中,紫外线产生的活性氧以及其它外界环境中的活性氧,都会在皮肤中产生各种自由基,造成对皮肤氧化应激的损伤,短期会诱发皮肤炎症等皮肤病症,长期将导致皮肤的老化。抗氧剂是具有捕捉自由基能力的物质,可以清除皮肤中的活性自由基,减轻自由基引起的皮肤氧化应激损伤,从而改善由氧化应激等造成的皮肤老化。目前已知有维生素E、维生素C等生物体内的清除自由基型抗氧化剂,另外也报道了植物来源的抗氧化剂,如莲花、梅果提取物等。
皮肤老化的原因可以分为光老化和内因引起的老化,UV暴露引起的光老化会引起皮肤弹性蛋白酶的活性增加。弹性蛋白酶(Elastase)分布于多种组织和细胞中,弹性蛋白酶活性增加可导致皮肤弹性纤维的水解,从而加速真皮内胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白的分解,使皮肤失去弹性,出现皱纹等皮肤老化现象。目前已知有植物来源的抗老化活性物具有弹性蛋白酶抑制作用,如蓼蓝、香豌豆等。
金露梅花,别名马莲、马兰、马兰花,为鸢尾科鸢尾属(Iris lacteaPall.Var.chinensis(Fisch.)koidz.)的多年生草本植物,生长于海拔50~3900m的温和或寒温地带的盐土、盐碱土或盐渍化土壤的滩地、沟边或坝上。其抗逆性强,尤其耐盐碱,是盐化草甸的建群草种,用于盐碱地改良、工业废弃地改造和荒漠化治理。此外,由于其根系发达,叶片返青早、绿期长、花色淡雅倩丽,被用作保水护坡和园林绿化。金露梅花的根、花、种子均可入药。金露梅花根,味甘、性平,具有清热解毒之功效,用于急性咽喉肿痛、病毒性肝炎、痔疮、牙痛等症。
金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa),又名金老梅药,药王茶,金蜡梅等,系蔷薇科委陵菜属植物,是寒温带多年生落叶灌木的典型植物之一,广布于我国东北、华北、西北、西南的高山地区,在朝鲜、蒙古和俄罗斯的西伯利亚亦有分布。在青藏高原,多分布在东部海拔2700~4500m的山地阴坡、土壤湿度较高的平缓滩地,以及地下水位较高的河谷阶地,是青藏高原高寒草地生态系统的重要组分之一。金露梅嫩叶在民间代茶饮,有清暑热,益脑清心,调经健胃的功效,被“药王”孙思邈发现并终生用作保健茶饮用,因此而得名“药王茶”。花可入药,具有清暑热、益脑清心、健胃、化湿、调经之功效。文献报道金露梅主要含有黄酮类,萜类,有机酸以及甾醇等化学成分,具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏,治疗心血管疾病等作用。
综合近年来的研究进展,未发现金露梅在化妆品领域的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提供金露梅花提取物及其新应用,旨在将金露梅花提取物应用于皮肤外用剂中,以起到美容护肤的作用。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种金露梅花提取物,通过将金露梅花粉碎后,加入有机溶剂提取,固液分离取滤液,滤液脱除溶剂和水,获得金露梅花提取物。
所述有机溶剂是指含有羟基或羰基等极性基团的有机溶剂,例如:甲酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、六甲基磷酰胺、四甲基乙二胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、乙酸、三氟乙酸、乙腈、甲酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、碳酸二甲酯、二甲亚砜、丙酮、甲乙酮、二氧六环、吡啶、四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、三氯甲烷、丙三醇、丙二醇、丙烯二醇、异丙醇、正己烷、正丁醇和乙醚等,中的一种或几种,其中优选乙醇水溶液、正己烷、乙酸乙酯或正丁醇。
根据试验可知,金露梅花提取物在美白、抑制酪氨酸酶和抗衰老方面均具有很好的功效,可以作为活性成分添加到化妆品配方中,这里所指的活性成分在某些情况下可以提供一种或一种以上的功效。
本发明中所述的活性成分还可以为泛醇、甘草酸二钾、尿囊素、烟酰胺、抗坏血酸磷酸酯钠、三色堇提取物、透明质酸钠、生育酚乙酸酯、十一碳烯酰基苯并氨酸等。此外,此类描述是为了便于理解,并不是使成分限于具体指出的应用或者所列出的应用。
金露梅花提取物可应用于皮肤外用剂、保健食品和医药,尤其是可应用于化妆品中,根据制剂的不同类型添加不同的用量。
所述皮肤外用剂组合物是通常用于皮肤外部的所有成分的统称概念,例如可以是化妆料组合物或药学组合物。所述化妆料组合物中可以是基础化妆料、面部妆容化妆料、身体用化妆料、头发护理用化妆料等,对其剂型无特殊限制,根据不同目的可合理选择。
所述化妆料组合物中根据剂型和目的的不同还含有不同的化妆品学层面允许的介质或基质赋形剂。
可以用于本发明皮肤外用剂组合物的化妆品、皮肤病学或药学上可接受的赋形剂可以为水相、油相、凝胶、水包蜡型乳液、水包油型乳液或油包水型乳液的形式。水相为一种或多种水溶性或分散性组分的混合物,其在室温下可以为液体、半固体或固体。赋形剂包括或可以为在水或水-醇赋形剂中的混悬液、分散液或溶液的形式,其可以含有增稠剂或凝胶剂。本领域技术人员可以基于本领域技术人员掌握的知识选择合适的产品形式,其中包含的组分。
所述的组合物可以包括水相,该水相可以含有水或水与至少一种亲水性有机溶剂的混合物,所述的亲水性有机溶剂诸如醇,尤其是含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链低级一元醇,如乙醇或丙醇;多元醇,如丙二醇、山梨醇、甘油、泛醇或聚乙二醇及其混合物。
当发明的组合物为乳液形式时,该组合物还可以任选包含表面活性剂。
所述的组合物还可以包含成膜聚合物,如聚氨基甲酸酯、聚丙烯酸均聚物或共聚物、聚酯、基于烃的树脂和/或硅氧烷树脂。可以将聚合物溶于或分散于化妆品可接受的赋形剂中并且任选与增塑剂合并。
本发明的组合物还可以包含油相,所述的油相含有在室温下为液体的油溶性或油分散性组分和/或在室温下为油状或蜡状的物质,如蜡、半固体、树胶及其混合物。该油相还可以含有有机溶剂。
通常在室温下为液体,合适的油性物质包括:来源于动物的基于烃的油,如全氢化角鲨烯;基于烃的植物油,如液体的C4-10脂肪酸的甘油三酯类,例如庚酸或辛酸甘油三酯类,或油,例如向日葵油、玉米油、大豆油、葡萄籽油、蓖麻油、鳄梨油、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯类、霍霍巴油;矿物或合成来源的直链或支链烃类,例如液体石蜡及其衍生物、凡士林;合成酯类和醚类,特别是脂肪醇的酯类,例如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸2-乙基己酯、硬脂酸2-辛基十二烷基酯、异硬脂酸异硬脂醇酯;羟基化酯类,例如乳酸异硬脂醇酯、羟基硬脂酸辛酯、羟基硬脂酸辛酯、羟基硬脂酸辛基十二烷基酯、脂肪醇的庚酸酯类、辛酸酯类和癸酸脂类;多元醇酯类,例如丙二醇二辛酸酯、新戊二醇二庚酸酯、二甘醇二异壬酸酯和季戊四醇酯类;含有C12-26的脂肪醇类,例如辛基十二烷醇、2-丁基辛醇、2-己基癸醇、2-十一烷基十五烷醇、油醇;基于部分烃的氟油和/或氟硅油,硅油,在室温下为液体或半固体的挥发性或非挥发性的直链或环状聚甲基硅氧烷,例如环状聚二甲基硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷,其任选包含苯基,例如苯基三甲基硅氧烷、硅氧烷及其混合物。
本发明的组合物可以进一步包含常用于化妆品领域中的任何组分。这些组分包括防腐剂、水相增稠剂(提取物生物聚合物、合成聚合物)和脂肪相增稠剂、芳香剂、亲水性和亲脂性活性剂及其混合物。
本发明的组合物还可以包含另外的颗粒相,所述的颗粒相可以为化妆品组合物中使用的颜料和/或珠光剂和/或填充剂。
颜料可以存在于组合物中,合适的无机颜料包括氧化钛、氧化锆和氧化铈以及氧化锌、氧化铁和铁蓝;合适的有机颜料包括钡、锶、钙和铝色淀和碳黑。
珠光剂可以存在于组合物中,合适的珠光剂包括涂覆了氧化钛、氧化铁或天然颜料的云母。
填充剂可以存在于组合物中,合适的填充剂包括滑石粉、二氧化硅、硬脂酸锌、云母、高岭土、尼龙粉末、聚乙烯粉末、特氟龙、淀粉、一氮化硼、共聚物微球,例如硅氧烷树脂微珠。
本发明组合物的油相可以包含一种或多种蜡、树胶或其混合物。蜡包括基于烃的蜡、氟蜡和/或硅氧烷蜡,并且可以来源于植物、矿物、动物和/或合成来源。合适的蜡包括蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、小烛树蜡、石蜡、微晶蜡、地蜡;合成蜡包括聚乙烯蜡、含有C16-45的硅氧烷蜡。树胶一般为聚二甲基硅氧烷或羧甲基纤维素钠或提取物类,并且半固体物质一般为基于烃的化合物,如羊毛脂及其衍生物。
可以将本发明的组合物配制成任何合适的产品形式。这类产品形式包括,但不限于气溶胶型喷雾剂、霜剂、乳液、固体、液体、分散体、泡沫、凝胶、化妆水、摩丝、软膏、粉剂、贴剂、润发油、溶液、手按泵型喷雾剂、棒状物、面膜和湿纸巾。可以将本发明的组合物通过本领域众所周知的各种方法便利地用于制备或作为化妆品、皮肤病学或药物局部施用产品。
本发明的皮肤外用剂组合物可以包括一种或多种下列成分:抗过敏剂、抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂、着色剂去色素剂、润肤剂、乳化剂、表皮脱落剂、成膜剂、香料、保湿剂、昆虫驱避剂、润滑剂、药物活性剂、增湿剂、耐光剂、防腐剂、护肤剂、皮肤渗透增强剂、防晒剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、粘度调节剂、维生素或其任意组合。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1金露梅花提取物的制备
取金露梅花100g,粉碎,于室温下以500ml的70v/v%的乙醇溶液经500W超声提取2次,每次1h,合并2次提取的滤液,滤液旋转蒸发至干,得到金露梅花提取物8g。
实施例2金露梅花提取物的抗氧化活性研究
1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)是一种稳定的氮中心有机自由基。DPPH法于1958年被提出,广泛用于地量测定生物试样、分类物质和食品的抗衰老能力。此法是根据DPPH自由基有单电子,在517nm处有一强吸收,其醇溶液呈紫色的特性。当有自由基清除剂存在时,由于与其单电子配对而使其吸收逐渐消失,电子数量成定量关系其褪色程度与其接受的,因而可用分光光度计进行快速的定量分析,来检测自由基清除情况,从而评价样品的抗衰老能力。
取实施例1中制备的金露梅花提取物用去离子水配置成0.1mg/mL,取样品溶液2ml加入试管中,再加入2ml 76μM DPPH乙醇溶液,混匀,室温下避光在黑暗处反应30min,在525nm处测定吸光度Abs;按照下面公式计算清除率,结果如表1所示。
清除率I(%)=[1-(T-T0)/(C-C0)]×100%
式中:T0:0.1ml去离子水加2ml DPPH溶液的吸光度;
T:0.1ml样品液加2ml DPPH溶液的吸光度;
C0:0.1ml去离子水加2ml 95%乙醇的吸光度;
C:0.1ml样品液加2ml 95%乙醇的吸光度。
表1
由表1可见,金露梅花提取物具有优异的自由基清除作用,可作为有效的抗氧化剂,可以将金露梅花提取物配合在外用剂中,作为防止肌肤老化、维持年轻健康的肌肤状态的抗氧化活性物使用。
实施例3金露梅花提取物的抑制弹性蛋白酶作用研究
弹性蛋白酶(Elastase)是一种分解不溶蛋白为特征的蛋白水解酶,会使皮肤真皮中支撑皮肤结构的弹性蛋白被过度的降解,从而使皮肤产生皱纹、松弛无弹性等衰老症状。蛋白酶抑制剂,可以有效地抑制弹性蛋白酶的活性,从而起到增强皮肤弹性,减少皱纹及色素沉着,延缓皮肤衰老等作用。
取实施例1制备的金露梅花提取物配置成6mg/mL,通过以下方法测定弹性蛋白酶的抑制作用。设立样品管和样品溶剂对照管,空白对照和空白溶剂对照。在样品管和样品溶剂对照管中各加入10μL不同浓度的样品溶液,空白对照和空白溶剂对照管以10μL 0.1MTris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH8.0)缓冲液代替。130μL含有1.015mM反应底物Succ-Ala-Ala-Ala-p-硝基酰替苯胺的0.1M Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH8.0),混合均匀,在25℃下温育5分钟。在样品管和空白对照管中加入加入15μL弹性蛋白酶溶液(0.5U/mL),样品溶剂对照和空白溶剂对照管以10μl 0.1M Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(pH8.0)代替,振摇所有试管,在25℃下温育30min。即刻在410nm处测定吸光度。按照下面公式计算抑制率,计算结果见表2。
抑制率I(%)=[1-(T-T0)/(C-C0)]×100%
式中:T0:样品溶剂对照;T:样品对照;C:空白对照;C0:空白溶剂对照。
表2
由表2可知,金露梅花提取物具有很好的抑制弹性蛋白酶作用,可以将金露梅花提取物配合在外用剂中,作为防止肌肤老化、维持年轻健康的肌肤状态的抗老化剂使用。
实施例4金露梅花提取物的抗老化活性研究
按照实施例1制备的金露梅花提取物用水溶解后加入到人成纤维细胞培养液中,以不含样品的去离子水为空白对照,测试终浓度为0.1mg/mL。培养48小时后,用MTT法对细胞染色后,用酶标仪测定550nm处吸光度,空白对照的增殖率为100%,参比空白对照,评估对人成纤维细胞的增殖作用;同时取细胞上清样本,用I型胶原蛋白测定试剂盒测定胶原蛋白的生成,空白对照的生成率为100%,参比空白对照,评估对人成纤维细胞的I型胶原合成促进作用,试验结果如表3所示。
表3
成纤维细胞增殖率(%) | Ⅰ型胶原合成率(%) | |
金露梅花提取物 | 128.14±3.16 | 126.18±6.67 |
由表3中可以看出,在空白对照与金露梅花提取物之间观察到了统计学显著性差异,显示金露梅花提取物对人成纤维细胞具有良好的增殖作用,具有促进I型胶原蛋白生成的活性。因此,可以将金露梅花提取物配合在皮肤外用剂中,作为防止肌肤老化、维持年轻健康的肌肤状态的抗老化剂使用。
实施例5金露梅花提取物对小鼠B16黑色素瘤细胞酪氨酸酶抑制以及黑色素合成抑制作用研究采用L-Dopa氧化法测定金露梅花粗提物和活性部位对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,测试浓度为0.1mg/mL。B16黑色素细胞以1×105密度培养在96孔板中,经24h后换液,添加提取物溶液,培养48h后,每孔加入含1%TritonX-100的PBS缓冲液90μL,然后加入10μL1.0mg·mL-1L-DOPA,超声30s,30℃处理30min后再测定475nm的吸光值。按如下公式计算酶活力:酪氨酸酶抑制率=[1-(实验组OD值/实验组细胞密度)/(对照组OD值/对照组细胞密度)]×100%,计算结果见表5。
采用Hosoi等改良方法测定金露梅花粗提物和活性部位对黑色素抑制作用,测试浓度为0.1mg/mL。B16黑色素细胞以1×105密度培养在96孔板中,经24h后换液,添加提取物溶液,培养72h后,经PBS洗涤两次,样品经空气干燥,溶于200μl 1N NAOH,经加热80℃至1h后冷却,选择475nm波长在酶联免疫检测仪上读取吸光度值。按照公式计算黑色素含量抑制率:黑色素含量抑制率=[1-(实验组OD值/实验组细胞密度)/(对照组OD值/对照组细胞密度)]×100%,计算结果见表4。
表4
酪氨酸酶抑制率(%) | 黑色素含量抑制率(%) | |
金露梅花提取物 | 43.20±0.98 | 4.19±0.67 |
由表4可知,金露梅花提取物对B16细胞黑色素增殖和和黑色素合成均具有很好的抑制作用。
实施例6含有金露梅花提取物的皮肤外用剂
取实施1中所制备的金露梅花提取物,用于皮肤外用剂的制备。所述皮肤外用剂优选为化妆品组合物,例如化妆水、精华液、乳霜等。所述金露梅花提取物在皮肤外用剂中的重量百分比是0.0001-3,优选0.5-3。以下是金露梅花提取物在皮肤外用剂中的具体应用的实施例。以下各表中“-”表示无添加。
实施例7含有金露梅花提取物的化妆水
取金露梅花提取物用于制备具有抗衰老、美白作用的化妆水,所述化妆水含有的组分如表5所示:
表5
实施例8含有金露梅花提取物的精华液
取金露梅花提取物用于制备具有抗衰老、美白作用的精华液,所述精华液含有的组分如表6所示:
表6
实施例9含有金露梅花提取物的乳液/霜
取金露梅花提取物用于制备具有抗衰老、美白作用的乳液/霜,所述乳液/霜含有的组分如表7所示:
表7
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.金露梅花提取物在制备皮肤外用剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述皮肤外用剂用于抗老化、抗皱或弹力改善;所述金露梅花提取物通过抑制皮肤弹性蛋白酶,增殖人成纤细胞,促进I型胶原蛋白生成实现抗老化,抗皱或弹力改善效果;
所述金露梅花提取物的制备方法如下:金露梅花粉碎后加入乙醇水溶液提取,固液分离取滤液,滤液脱除乙醇和水,获得金露梅花提取物;
其中,所述的提取为超声提取,所述的超声提取的温度为室温;所述的超声提取的时间为1-2小时;所述超声提取的次数为2-3次。
2.根据权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于,所述金露梅花与乙醇水溶液的质量体积比为1g:4-5mL;所述乙醇水溶液浓度为65-75 v/v%。
3.根据权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于,所述超声提取的功率为450-550W。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述金露梅花提取物在皮肤外用剂组合物中的重量百分比是0.0001-3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述金露梅花提取物在皮肤外用剂组合物中的重量百分比是0.5-3。
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