CN109937842B - Water-saving method for soil structure for greening - Google Patents
Water-saving method for soil structure for greening Download PDFInfo
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- CN109937842B CN109937842B CN201910069586.XA CN201910069586A CN109937842B CN 109937842 B CN109937842 B CN 109937842B CN 201910069586 A CN201910069586 A CN 201910069586A CN 109937842 B CN109937842 B CN 109937842B
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Abstract
The invention provides a water-saving method for a soil structure for greening. Utilize water-retaining structure layer separation salinity, the water source is supported, contain the mineral substance in the water-retaining structure layer, the problem that current water-retaining agent is decomposed easily has been solved, the material and the shape of water-retaining structure layer make it can see through moisture with the certain speed, it is good to permeate water and ventilate, can be rapid accept great precipitation, prevent the ground runoff, reduce soil erosion and water loss, the aquifer texture is given first place to cohesive soil, play the effect of holding water and holding in the palm fertile, reduce the infiltration loss under the nutrient, have the ability of moisturizing moisture again, form "mengjin soil", normal soil water maintains 1-2 days, this scheme maintains 7-8 days, have extensive suitability in the planting technique.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscaping, in particular to the technical field of water saving and salt resistance.
Background
Greening refers to the activity of growing plants to improve the environment. The plants planted for greening comprise planted protection forests, roadside trees, crops, various plants in residential areas and parks and the like. The green areas comprise national soil greening, urban greening, four-side greening, road greening and the like. Greening improves environmental hygiene and plays a variety of roles in maintaining ecological balance.
The greening has the effects of supplementing oxygen in the air, greening plants absorb carbon dioxide in the air and release oxygen when performing photosynthesis, plants on the earth process nearly billions of tons of carbon dioxide for human every year, and 60 percent of oxygen in the air is produced by forests and greenbelts. Secondly, harmful gases in the atmosphere are absorbed, and a plurality of plants have stronger capability of absorbing and filtering the harmful gases in the atmosphere, for example, nitrogen oxide in automobile exhaust can be effectively reduced by greening, so that the generation amount of ozone in the atmosphere is reduced, and photochemical smog is prevented from being formed; the cedar, phoenix tree, paulownia and citrus can absorb carbon dioxide; locust, juniper, privet, sunflower, etc. can absorb hydrogen fluoride; the sophora japonica, the silver birch, the sycamore and the like can absorb chlorine and hydrogen chloride; the oleander, the mulberry and the palm can absorb mercury; sago cycas and acer americana can absorb benzene, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, ethers, etc. in the atmosphere. In addition, some tree leaves also absorb lead, cadmium and arsenic from the atmosphere. Thirdly, the leaves and stems of the plants are dustproofed, some of the leaves and stems have villi, and some of the leaves and stems can secrete mucus or grease. And fourthly, wind prevention is realized, greening is one of effective measures for wind prevention, particularly dense forests, the wind prevention effect is more obvious, and the speed of airflow passing through the forests is reduced because trunks, branches and leaves can block the airflow from advancing. And fourthly, noise is reduced, sound is transmitted to the periphery at the speed of 300 m/s in an open area, when the sound is blocked by plants, linear transmission is immediately changed into distributed transmission, the intensity of the sound is weakened, and a measurement result proves that a moderate forest can reduce the intensity of the noise by 10-13 decibels, a dense forest can reduce the intensity by 18-20 decibels, and a common street garden can also reduce the noise by 4-7 decibels. Fifthly, sterilization is carried out, not only can a lot of plants secrete mucus to retain bacteria in the air, but also some plants can release phytoncide with a sterilization effect, so that certain diseases transmitted by air can be reduced by planting trees and flowers and plants more.
In order to have good elasticity in the aspects of adapting to environmental changes, coping with natural disasters and the like, the stored water is released and utilized when necessary in order to absorb, store, seep and purify water during raining. The sponge city construction concept is put forward in many places, the sponge city construction follows the principles of ecological priority and the like, natural ways are combined with artificial measures, on the premise of ensuring the urban drainage waterlogging prevention safety, the rapid infiltration, storage, infiltration and purification of rainwater in urban areas are realized to the maximum extent, and the utilization of rainwater resources and the ecological environment protection are promoted.
The existing greening engineering depends on manual irrigation in cities, so that water resources are wasted, a large amount of manual work is needed for operation, greening barren mountains in arid and semiarid regions is difficult to add, the barren mountains are threatened by water shortage, the high-salinity environment is troubled, greening is quite difficult, the problem of slow release of stored water is solved by using water-absorbing materials such as water-retaining agents or water-retaining fertilizers and the like in the conventional water-retaining aspect, but the water-retaining method has limited water storage capacity, has higher requirements on the water-retaining property and the water-retaining time of the materials, and has limited water-retaining effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water-saving method of a soil structure for greening, aiming at the problems that water resources are wasted, a large amount of manual work is needed for operation in the prior art, the greening barren hill in arid and semi-arid regions is difficult to add, the barren hill is threatened by water shortage and is troubled by a high-salinity environment, the water-preserving effect of the existing scheme for preserving water by adopting water absorption of materials is effective, and the technical problem that the salinity interferes with plants cannot be solved, the invention provides a water-saving method of a soil structure for greening, which utilizes a water-preserving structure layer to block the salinity to form a good growing environment, utilizes a concave structure of the water-preserving structure layer to store rainfall while utilizing a plant water-storing layer to store the rainfall, is taken during drought, has good water and air permeability when planted above the water-preserving layer, can rapidly accept large rainfall to prevent ground runoff and reduce water and soil loss, and the cohesive texture soil of the water-storing layer plays a role of water-preserving and fertilizer-supporting and reducing nutrient infiltration loss, has wide applicability in the field of greening planting.
The invention provides a water-saving method for a soil structure for greening.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer is made of granular materials or powdery materials.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer is prepared by mixing and pressing straw, bentonite, diatomite and active silica.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer comprises 20-30 parts of straw, 60-75 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of diatomite and 5 parts of active silica.
In the invention, the upper part of the water-retaining structure layer is provided with the water storage layer and the planting layer, and the water storage layer and the planting pit are both native original soil.
In the invention, the difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the water-retaining structure layer is 10cm-15 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a water-saving method of a soil structure for greening, which utilizes a water-retaining structure layer to block salinity and retain water source, the water-retaining structure layer contains mineral substances, solves the problem that the existing water-retaining agent is easy to decompose, the material and the shape of the water-retaining structure layer enable the water-retaining structure layer to permeate water at a certain speed, but also store a certain amount of water, ensures the respiration of plant roots, does not rot roots, and also can store a certain amount of water for plants to absorb during drought, the water-retaining structure layer has a salt-blocking effect and prevents saline alkali from permeating upwards, the water-retaining structure layer enables a planting layer and a settlement layer above the water-retaining layer to be mainly made of sandy soil, has good water permeability and air permeability, can rapidly accept larger precipitation, prevents ground runoff and reduces water and soil loss, the water-retaining layer is mainly made of viscous soil, plays a role in retaining water and supporting fertilizer, reduces nutrient infiltration and has the capacity of moisture back, the 'golden soil' is formed, normal soil water is maintained for 1-2 days, the invention is maintained for 7-8 days, and the invention has wide applicability in the field of greening planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-retaining structure layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-retaining structure layer according to the present invention.
In the drawings 1-3, 1-a water-retaining structural layer and 2-a granular soil layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 to 3 and examples, but the method of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of the components in the present invention is described based on the layout pattern of fig. 1, such as: the positional relationship of up, down, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of fig. 1.
The granular soil layer used in the invention is common planting soil, and the water-retaining structure layer material is common agricultural commercial material.
The first embodiment is as follows: water-saving method for soil structure for greening
The invention provides a water-saving method for a soil structure for greening, which is characterized in that a water-retaining structure layer 1 is placed in soil, the water-retaining structure layer 1 is concave, and granular soil layers 2 are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the water-retaining structure layer 1.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer 1 is made of granular materials or powdery materials.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer 1 is prepared by mixing and pressing straw, bentonite, diatomite and active silica.
In the invention, the water-retaining structure layer 1 comprises 20-30 parts of straw, 60-75 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of diatomite and 5 parts of active silica.
In the invention, the upper part of the water-retaining structure layer 1 is provided with a water storage layer and a planting layer, and the water storage layer and the planting layer are both local original soil.
In the invention, the difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the water-retaining structure layer 1 is 10cm-15 cm.
Example two: preparation of water-retaining structure layer
The water-retaining structure layer 1 is prepared by mixing and pressing straw, bentonite, diatomite and active silica according to a certain proportion, the water-retaining structure layer 1 is obtained by matching and pressing according to the following five proportions, and green plants of the same variety are planted on the water-retaining structure layer 1.
| Raw materials | Straw (kg) | Bentonite (kg) | Diatomite (kg) | Activated silica (kg) |
| First group of proportions | 20 | 70 | 5 | 5 |
| Second group of proportions | 25 | 65 | 5 | 5 |
| The third group of the mixture ratio | 30 | 60 | 5 | 5 |
| The fourth group of ingredients | 25 | 55 | 5 | 5 |
| The fifth component ratio | 32 | 75 | 5 | 5 |
The five proportions of the embodiment are that after the same 105ml rainfall, the time required for reducing the ground runoff is 2min, 1min, 2min, 3min and 5min respectively, the soil moisture maintaining days are 7 days, 8 days, 4 days and 6 days once, so that the fourth group and the fifth group have obvious differences from the first group, the second group and the third group, the water seepage capability is weaker, the water retention capability is weaker, and although the water retention capability is improved in comparison with the common soil in two days, the distance is also a certain distance from the first three groups, the second group and the eighth group.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A water-saving method for a soil structure for greening is characterized in that a water-retaining structure layer is placed in soil, the water-retaining structure layer is formed by mixing and pressing 20-30 parts of straws, 60-75 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of diatomite and 5 parts of active silica, the water-retaining structure layer is concave, granular soil layers are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the water-retaining structure layer, a water storage layer and a planting layer are arranged on the upper portion of the water-retaining structure layer, and the water storage layer and the planting layer are both local original soil.
2. A method of conserving water in a soil structure for greening as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water retaining structure layer is made of granular material or powdery material.
3. A method of conserving water in a soil structure for greening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the water retaining structure layer is 10cm to 15 cm.
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| CN201910069586.XA CN109937842B (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Water-saving method for soil structure for greening |
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| CN201910069586.XA CN109937842B (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Water-saving method for soil structure for greening |
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| CN109937842B true CN109937842B (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201730256U (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-02-02 | 旷小满 | Light greening roof |
| CN102498758A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 高东翔 | Water-saving cultivating method and structure |
| CN206380334U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-08 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | A kind of lawn water-saving structure |
| CN207160205U (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-03-30 | 大连生命之石新材料有限公司 | A kind of sunk type greenery patches pond system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106555388A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-04-05 | 河海大学 | Composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer and laying process |
| CN107396807B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-08-28 | 北京星河园林景观工程有限公司 | Planting method for transplanting big trees in arid region |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201730256U (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-02-02 | 旷小满 | Light greening roof |
| CN102498758A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 高东翔 | Water-saving cultivating method and structure |
| CN206380334U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-08 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | A kind of lawn water-saving structure |
| CN207160205U (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-03-30 | 大连生命之石新材料有限公司 | A kind of sunk type greenery patches pond system |
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