CN106555388A - Composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer and laying process - Google Patents
Composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer and laying process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106555388A CN106555388A CN201610893442.2A CN201610893442A CN106555388A CN 106555388 A CN106555388 A CN 106555388A CN 201610893442 A CN201610893442 A CN 201610893442A CN 106555388 A CN106555388 A CN 106555388A
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- water conservation
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- conservation layer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B13/00—Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite ventilating water conservation layer, mainly by made by following raw material：1～3 part of soil modifier, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；The soil modifier includes the component of following weight portion：1～3 part of anti-salt agent, 3～5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1～2 part of stabilizer, 60～80 parts of tap water.The invention also discloses a kind of channel comprising the composite ventilating water conservation layer and its laying process, the channel is followed successively by plain soil layer, composite earthwork layer of cloth, composite ventilating water conservation layer and non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer from top to bottom.The composite ventilating water conservation layer good water-retaining property of the present invention, the coefficient of expansion are high, salt-resistance is strong, good permeability, have antiseepage, water retention in flood season, irrigation period, can provide moisture in drought period.The dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel green ecological environmental protection of drought and waterlogging of the present invention, can carry out the transmission of moisture, while can make to circulate between levels soil in the dry spell to topsoil smooth air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising the composite ventilating water conservation layer and paving in hydraulic engineering
If technique, and in particular to the dual-purpose composite ventilating water conservation layer of drought and waterlogging and multiple comprising this in a kind of engineering for agricultural water-saving irrigation
Close the dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of drought and waterlogging and its laying process of ventilative water conservation layer.
Background technology
Used as large agricultural country, agricultural water accounts for the 65% or so of total water consumption for China, but canal seepage, soil erosion
Cause agricultural water not to be fully utilized etc. reason, therefore the wasting phenomenon in China's agricultural water is than more serious.
For a long time, each area is mostly prevented using soil compaction antiseepage, earth material mask in propulsion agricultural water conservation work
Ooze, stone-laying antiseepage, brick antiseepage, concrete lining antiseepage, the engineering measure such as asphalt material antiseepage.
Most seepage prevention measures can improve water-use efficiency in Pluvial, irrigation period, possess very high barrier properties
Can, but in dry spell poor air permeability, it is impossible to moisture is provided to upper layer of soil, cause dry, the cracking of topsoil, destroy anti-
Infitration galleries road, poor durability.
Although concrete impervious canal wide, that amount is big improve water speed, improves water-use efficiency, possesses very high
Barrier performance, but the anti-seepage channel of hardening does not meet ecological ideas theory, is unfavorable for the growth of vegetation, destroys bank protection two
The little ecosystem of bank, has blocked the ventilation requirement of lower soil, and concrete material inconvenience when engineering end-of-life
Process, pollute environment.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For problems of the prior art, the present invention is a kind of for drought in agricultural water-saving irrigation engineering
The low-quality calcium preparation bentonite on the ground such as Transition In Jurong, Jiangsu is carried out by the dual-purpose ventilative composite ventilating water conservation layer of flood, the composite ventilating water conservation layer
Add soil modifier to be prepared from after sodium, with antiseepage, water retention, can play a role in two phase of drought and waterlogging.
It is a further object to provide the dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of the drought and waterlogging comprising above-mentioned composite ventilating water conservation layer
And its laying process.The channel not only solves channel of the prior art and lacks green ecological protection in antiseepage, while dry
Drought period, can carry out the transmission of moisture and so that circulate between levels soil smooth air topsoil.
Technical scheme：To achieve these goals, a kind of composite ventilating water conservation layer as described in the present invention, mainly by following
Made by raw material：1～3 part of soil modifier, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；The soil modifier includes following weight
The component of part：1～3 part of anti-salt agent, 3～5 parts of water-retaining agent, 1～2 part of stabilizer, 60～80 parts of tap water.
Preferably, the one kind of the anti-salt agent in polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the sodium pyrophosphate or
It is several.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is in super absorbent resin, starch grafted acrylate and sodium polyacrylate
One or more.
Preferably, smectite content is 50%～70% in the sodium bentonite, expansion index is 15～20ml/
2g, water absorption rate are 150%～200%, and water retention is 20%～30%.
Anti-salt agent, water-retaining agent, stabilizer and tap water are shaken at 40～60 DEG C the soil modifier 30～60min
It is prepared from.
Soil modifier and sodium bentonite are mixed by the composite ventilating water conservation layer, are stirred 40～60min, are combined
Ventilative water conservation layer.
A kind of channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer of the present invention, is followed successively by plain soil layer, composite earth from top to bottom
Work layer of cloth, composite ventilating water conservation layer and non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer.
The laying process of above-mentioned channel, comprises the steps：
(1) non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer will be laid after channel Mechanical Planarization, is compacted at interface, toe, bunding；
(2) laying composite ventilating water conservation layer, uniform sprinkling after leveling on non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer；
(3) spread geotechnological layer of cloth to closely bond with composite ventilating water conservation layer；
(4) last element earthen backfill compacting, leveling；
(5) channel bank slope and the following planting plants of ordinary water level.
Preferably, wherein plain soil layer is that 5cm is thick, composite earthwork layer of cloth is 3cm for 0.2cm thickness, composite ventilating water conservation layer
Thick, non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer is that 0.2cm is thick；
Preferably, one or more plants in step (5) the channel bank slope plantation Korea lawn grass, Conyza canadensis and Bermuda grass
Thing.
Preferably, lichen, Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), hornwort, waterweed, Rhizoma Acori Graminei and phragmites communiss are planted below step (5) ordinary water level
In one or more plants.Plantation is endured water, submerged plant and strengthens the scour resistance of composite ventilating water conservation layer, stability.
Raw material of the present invention is all commercially available.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) composite ventilating water conservation layer of the invention is directed to agricultural water-saving irrigation engineering, with good water-retaining property, the coefficient of expansion
High, salt-resistance is strong, good permeability the advantages of, there is more preferable antiseepage, water retention in flood season, irrigation period, can be by drought period
The water-retaining property of composite water conservation layer provides moisture, can play a role in two phase of drought and waterlogging.
(2) the dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of drought and waterlogging of the invention not only can improve water speed in Pluvial, irrigation period, improve
Water-use efficiency, possesses very high barrier performance, and in dry spell good permeability, can provide moisture to upper layer of soil, together
When planting plants strengthen the scour resistance of bank protection, ecological, environmental protection, protect ecosystem；And the laying of the channel
Process is simple is convenient, material therefor Environmental Safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is in Pluvial, the dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel technological effect profile of 6 drought and waterlogging of the irrigation period embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is in arid, the dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel technological effect profile of 6 drought and waterlogging of the dry season embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Composite ventilating water conservation layer：
1 part of soil modifier, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；
Soil modifier component：1 part of polyacrylamide, 3 parts of super absorbent resin, 1 part of stabilizer, 60 parts of tap water.
Preparation method：
Polyacrylamide, super absorbent resin, stabilizer and tap water are shaken into 60min at 40 DEG C, prepared soil changes
Property agent；Soil modifier and sodium bentonite are mixed, 40min is stirred, is obtained composite ventilating water conservation layer.
Wherein in sodium bentonite, smectite content is 50%, and expansion index is 20ml/2g, and water absorption rate is 200%, water conservation
Rate is 25%.
Embodiment 2
Composite ventilating water conservation layer：
3 parts of soil modifier, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；
Soil modifier component：1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 2 parts of starch grafted acrylate, poly- third
3 parts of olefin(e) acid sodium, 2 parts of stabilizer, 80 parts of tap water.
Preparation method：
By sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium pyrophosphate, starch grafted acrylate, sodium polyacrylate, stabilizer and tap water
30min is shaken at 60 DEG C, soil modifier is obtained；Soil modifier and sodium bentonite are mixed, 60min is stirred, is obtained
Composite ventilating water conservation layer.
Wherein in sodium bentonite, smectite content is 70%, and expansion index is 18ml/2g, water absorption rate 150%, water retention
For 30%.
Embodiment 3
Composite ventilating water conservation layer：
2 parts of soil modifier, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；
Soil modifier component：2 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 4 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 1.5 parts of stabilizer, 70 parts of tap water.
Preparation method：
Sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyacrylate, stabilizer and tap water are shaken into 45min at 50 DEG C, soil modifier is obtained；
Soil modifier and sodium bentonite are mixed, 50min is stirred, is obtained composite ventilating water conservation layer.
Wherein in sodium bentonite, smectite content is 60%, and expansion index is 15ml/2g, water absorption rate 175%, water retention
For 20%.
Embodiment 4
The dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of drought and waterlogging：
It is followed successively by plain soil layer, composite earthwork layer of cloth, the composite ventilating water conservation layer of the preparation of embodiment 2, nonwoven from top to bottom to gather
Ester fiber layer of cloth.
Laying process：
(1) one layer of non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer will be laid after channel Mechanical Planarization, is compacted at interface, toe, bunding；
(2) laying composite ventilating water conservation layer, uniform sprinkling after leveling on non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer；
(3) spread geotechnological layer of cloth to closely bond with composite ventilating water conservation layer；
(4) last element earthen backfill compacting, leveling；
(5) channel bank slope plantation Korea lawn grass and Conyza canadensis, plant waterweed below ordinary water level.
Wherein element soil layer is that 5cm is thick, and composite earthwork layer of cloth gathers for 3cm thickness, nonwoven for 0.2cm thickness, composite ventilating water conservation layer
Ester fiber layer of cloth is that 0.2cm is thick.
Embodiment 5
The dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of drought and waterlogging：
It is followed successively by plain soil layer, composite earthwork layer of cloth, the composite ventilating water conservation layer of the preparation of embodiment 2, nonwoven from top to bottom to gather
Ester fiber layer of cloth.
Laying process：
(1) one layer of non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer will be laid after channel Mechanical Planarization, is compacted at interface, toe, bunding；
(2) laying composite ventilating water conservation layer, uniform sprinkling after leveling on non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer；
(3) spread geotechnological layer of cloth to closely bond with composite ventilating water conservation layer；
(4) last element earthen backfill compacting, leveling；
(5) channel bank slope plantation Bermuda grass, plants Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), lichen, hornwort, phragmites communiss below ordinary water level.
Wherein element soil layer is that 5cm is thick, and composite earthwork layer of cloth gathers for 3cm thickness, nonwoven for 0.2cm thickness, composite ventilating water conservation layer
Ester fiber layer of cloth is that 0.2cm is thick.
Embodiment 6
The dual-purpose ventilative water conservation channel of drought and waterlogging：
It is followed successively by plain soil layer, composite earthwork layer of cloth, the composite ventilating water conservation layer of the preparation of embodiment 3, nonwoven from top to bottom to gather
Ester fiber layer of cloth.
Laying process：
(1) one layer of non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer will be laid after channel Mechanical Planarization, is compacted at interface, toe, bunding；
(2) laying composite ventilating water conservation layer, uniform sprinkling after leveling on non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer；
(3) spread geotechnological layer of cloth to closely bond with composite ventilating water conservation layer；
(4) last element earthen backfill compacting, leveling；
(5) channel bank slope plantation Korea lawn grass and Conyza canadensis, plant Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), lichen, Rhizoma Acori Graminei below ordinary water level.
Wherein element soil layer is that 5cm is thick, and composite earthwork layer of cloth gathers for 3cm thickness, nonwoven for 0.2cm thickness, composite ventilating water conservation layer
Ester fiber layer of cloth is that 0.2cm is thick.
The laid channel of embodiment 3 as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 in Fig. 1 in the Pluvial, irrigation period current can be quickly through
Channel, possess it is higher cross water speed, composite ventilating water conservation layer absorbed water rapidly, expand and form water conservation layer, is oozed under prevention river,
Water-use efficiency is improved, barrier performance is high, principle is independently separated according to water vapour molecule, the upper and lower interlayer of soil can still carry out sky
Air-flow leads to, beneficial to plant growing；Water conservancy capillarity in Fig. 2 in composite ventilating water conservation layer in arid, dry season channel
On ooze supply moisten upper layer of soil, supply growth.
Test example 1
According to《Bentonite (GB/T 20973-2007)》The indices of detection composite ventilating water conservation layer of the present invention, expansion
Coefficient, water retention, water absorption rate, plant rising trend, wherein salt-resistance using 0.2% saline soak 8h after measure its coefficient of expansion come
Characterize.As shown in table 1.
The indices of 1 composite ventilating water conservation layer of table
| The coefficient of expansion | The coefficient of expansion (0.2% saline) | Water absorption rate | Water retention | |
| Embodiment 1 | 42ml/2g | 32ml/2g | 300% | 41% |
| Embodiment 2 | 40ml/2g | 30ml/2g | 320% | 40% |
| Embodiment 3 | 45ml/2g | 34ml/2g | 350% | 43% |
As shown in Table 1, the composite ventilating water conservation layer that prepared by embodiments of the invention 1-3, the coefficient of expansion, water absorption rate, water conservation
Rate is all significantly improved, and anti-salt property is excellent, even if still very high in the coefficient of expansion in 0.2% saline.Embodiment 4-6 laying simultaneously
Channel can improve water speed in Pluvial, irrigation period, improve water-use efficiency, possess very high barrier performance, and
And in dry spell good permeability, moisture can be provided to upper layer of soil, while planting plants strengthen the scour resistance of bank protection, ecology
Property, environmental protection, plant rising trend well, can be also grown in dry season.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite ventilating water conservation layer, it is characterised in that main by made by following raw material：Soil modifier 1～3
Part, 100 parts of sodium bentonite；The soil modifier includes the component of following weight portion：1～3 part of anti-salt agent, water-retaining agent 3～5
Part, 1～2 part of stabilizer, 60～80 parts of tap water.
2. composite ventilating water conservation layer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anti-salt agent selected from polyacrylamide,
One or more in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium pyrophosphate.
3. composite ventilating water conservation layer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water-retaining agent is selected from high-hydroscopicity tree
One or more in fat, starch grafted acrylate and sodium polyacrylate.
4. composite ventilating water conservation layer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that smectite content in the sodium bentonite
For 50%～70%, expansion index is 15～20ml/2g, and water absorption rate 150%～200%, water retention are 20%～30%.
5. composite ventilating water conservation layer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soil modifier by anti-salt agent, protect
Water preparation, stabilizer and tap water shake 30～60min at 40～60 DEG C and are prepared from.
6. composite ventilating water conservation layer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that soil is changed by the composite ventilating water conservation layer
Property agent and sodium bentonite mix, stir 40～60min, obtain composite ventilating water conservation layer.
7. a kind of channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that be followed successively by plain soil from top to bottom
Layer, composite earthwork layer of cloth, composite ventilating water conservation layer and non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer.
8. the laying process of channel described in claim 8, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer will be laid after channel Mechanical Planarization, is compacted at interface, toe, bunding；
(2) laying composite ventilating water conservation layer, uniform sprinkling after leveling on non-woven polyester fabric cloth layer；
(3) spread geotechnological layer of cloth to closely bond with composite ventilating water conservation layer；
(4) last element earthen backfill compacting, leveling；
(5) channel bank slope and the following planting plants of ordinary water level.
9. laying process according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step (5) the channel bank slope plantation Korea lawn grass, little
One or more plants in fluffy grass and Bermuda grass.
10. laying process according to claim 8, it is characterised in that plant below step (5) ordinary water level lichen,
One or more plants in Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), hornwort, waterweed, Rhizoma Acori Graminei and phragmites communiss.
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| CN201610893442.2A CN106555388A (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer and laying process |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610893442.2A CN106555388A (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | Composite ventilating water conservation layer and the channel comprising composite ventilating water conservation layer and laying process |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109328680A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-02-15 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | A kind of soil property ecological canal method of construction |
| CN109937842A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-28 | 新疆农业大学 | A kind of greening soil texture water-saving method |
| CN110699087A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 福建金泰泷水利电力建设有限公司 | Ecological glue for reinforcing farmland ditches and application thereof |
| CN112495358A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-16 | 句容康泰膨润土有限公司 | Environment-friendly anti-seepage composite bentonite and preparation process thereof |
| CN114946601A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Method for establishing vegetation system in ultrahigh-altitude desertification area |
| CN117263196A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2023-12-22 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Modified sodium bentonite, preparation method thereof and waterproof structure |
| CN117770095A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 同济大学 | Breathable impermeable blanket with multilayer structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109937842A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-28 | 新疆农业大学 | A kind of greening soil texture water-saving method |
| CN110699087A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 福建金泰泷水利电力建设有限公司 | Ecological glue for reinforcing farmland ditches and application thereof |
| CN112495358A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-16 | 句容康泰膨润土有限公司 | Environment-friendly anti-seepage composite bentonite and preparation process thereof |
| CN114946601A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Method for establishing vegetation system in ultrahigh-altitude desertification area |
| CN117263196A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2023-12-22 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Modified sodium bentonite, preparation method thereof and waterproof structure |
| CN117770095A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 同济大学 | Breathable impermeable blanket with multilayer structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170405 |