CN109883847B - X-ray imaging-based high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine - Google Patents
X-ray imaging-based high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging is characterized in that an imaging displacement table is rotatably mounted on a testing platform, a base is fixed on the imaging displacement table, a rack is mounted on the base, a servo hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the rack, a lower clamp is screwed on the upper end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a supporting seat platform is fixed on four upright posts of the rack, a supporting cylinder is positioned above the supporting seat platform, a transparent enclosure is embedded between the supporting seat platform and the supporting cylinder, an upper clamp is fixed on the supporting cylinder, an electro-hydraulic servo valve is respectively communicated with an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and a load sensor, the electro-hydraulic servo valve and an X-ray detector are respectively connected with a data acquisition and control unit and a data processing unit in sequence. The invention has the characteristics of large load, high frequency, small volume, high precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fatigue testing device for carrying out mechanical test on materials, in particular to a high-load, high-frequency and high-precision in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine for carrying out three-dimensional imaging by utilizing high-energy X rays.
Background
The fatigue of materials and structures is a key topic of long-term attention in academic and engineering circles, traditional methods such as destructive slicing and fracture identification are adopted, failure modes, paths and mechanisms of the materials and the structures are deduced according to the obtained microstructure evolution, time and labor are consumed, an observation result is limited to a representative surface of a representative material, local damage characteristics in a large-volume material range are difficult to reflect, and particularly damage nucleation and growth processes thereof cannot be observed in situ, in real time and dynamically. The third generation high energy X-ray computer tomography technique has submicron space and microsecond time resolution and hundred keV level excellent detection capability, is several orders of magnitude higher than the test level of a conventional X-ray machine, and is a large-scale scientific device capable of penetrating massive metal materials to perform fatigue damage evolution visualization research at present. The combination of the miniature in-situ fatigue testing machine and the advanced synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging enables scientists to go deep into the material, and the fatigue damage and fracture process and the evolution rule thereof are detected in real time with high precision, high brightness, high collimation, high efficiency, nondestructivity and in-situ, so that the miniature in-situ fatigue testing machine has irreplaceable scientific significance for accurately evaluating the strength and the service life of the material.
The first in-situ fatigue testing machine developed by southwest traffic university and used for synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging is put into use in Beijing light source and Shanghai light source, the main structure is as described in Chinese patent CN105334237A, the fatigue operation adopts a simpler mechanical connecting rod transmission mode, and a servo motor drives a connecting rod to load a sample. Although this design is simple in construction, can effectively reduce the overall weight and has achieved some initial results, it must be pointed out that there are several problems with such mechanical link loading mechanisms. For example, the testing machine has high requirements on the machining precision of mechanical transmission parts, so that fatigue loads and loading frequencies are low, and the optimal usable loads and frequencies are about 1000N and 10Hz, namely, the samples are mostly limited to light alloy or luxury micro-size samples; the loading control precision is limited, and the accurate control or closed-loop control of the load and displacement is difficult to realize, namely the fatigue damage behavior of the material cannot be accurately and quantitatively represented; in addition, the test machine sample clamping process is tedious, when being unfavorable for high-efficient utilization of the light source machine, the stepper motor is low in efficiency, large in heating, serious in mechanical transmission noise and difficult to maintain.
With the progress of technology, the requirements of high-end technical equipment industries such as aviation, aerospace, high-speed rail and the like on the strength, fatigue life and the like of parts are higher and higher, and novel materials such as high-strength aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, composite materials and the like with high specific strength and excellent mechanical properties are more and more applied, so that new requirements are put on the loading capacity and the operation reliability of a fatigue testing machine. However, worldwide research on in-situ imaging loading mechanisms based on high-energy X-ray imaging still cannot meet urgent requirements of people on evaluation of novel high-performance materials and service behaviors, for example, the low-cycle fatigue loading peak force of a 2mm diameter sample is more than 1500N for high-strength aluminum alloy by combining the penetration capability of synchrotron radiation X-rays to materials with different densities; for additive manufacturing of titanium alloy, the monotonous tensile loading force of the 2mm diameter sample is more than 3500N. Therefore, the in-situ fatigue testing machine with the loading force within 1000N at present can cause undersize of a sample, has long loading time, can not test and characterize high-strength materials, and can not exert the excellent detection capability of an advanced light source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-load, high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine with high load, high accuracy and good reliability based on high-energy X-ray imaging aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, and aims to reconstruct the three-dimensional shape inside a material by taking a hydraulic cylinder as a driving mechanism, forming a closed-loop control system by a load sensor, a displacement sensor, an electrohydraulic servo valve and a data acquisition and controller and adopting a high-energy X-ray scanning imaging technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: the high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging comprises a testing machine main body, a measurement and control system and a hydraulic station, and is characterized in that a circular plate-shaped imaging displacement table is rotatably arranged on a light source testing platform, a testing machine base is buckled on the imaging displacement table, and a locking screw is used for crimping the downwards extending annular outer edge of the testing machine base on the outer edge of the imaging displacement table to fix the downwards extending annular outer edge of the testing machine base and the imaging displacement table; the frame structure is: four upright posts are fixed on the base of the experimental machine by bolts according to a square by taking the center of the circle as the center, a supporting seat platform is fixed at the tops of the four upright posts, a supporting cylinder is positioned right above the supporting seat platform, and a transparent enclosure with a sample mounting window is embedded and fixed between the supporting seat platform and the supporting cylinder; the servo hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the frame, is positioned right above the base of the testing machine and is arranged along the axial line direction of the base of the testing machine, the upper part of a piston rod extending upwards of the servo hydraulic cylinder is connected with a lower clamp in a rotating way, the upper clamp is fixed in the supporting cylinder and is positioned right above the lower clamp, and the sample is clamped between the upper clamp and the lower clamp;
the electrohydraulic servo valve connected with the hydraulic station is respectively communicated with the upper oil cavity and the lower oil cavity of the servo hydraulic cylinder through hydraulic oil pipes; the left side of the transparent enclosure with the same height is sequentially provided with a monochromator and a synchronous radiation light source from left to right, the right side of the transparent enclosure with the same height is provided with an X-ray detector, and a load sensor is arranged on the upper clamp; the displacement sensor is arranged on a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder;
the load sensor, the displacement sensor, the electrohydraulic servo valve and the X-ray detector are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control unit, and the data acquisition and control unit is connected with the data processing unit.
The upper clamp structure is as follows: the upper clamp pressing block in a cuboid shape is pressed and connected with the upper part of the right side surface of the upper clamp through a screw to form a cuboid-shaped assembly, and a through hole with a conical lower part is formed in the assembly; the lower clamp structure is as follows: the lower clamp pressing block is pressed on the upper part of the right side surface of the lower clamp main body through a screw to form a cuboid-shaped component, a conical hole is formed in the component, the height of the hole is equal to that of the pressing block, and a columnar body with external threads extends downwards from the lower part of the lower clamp main body; the upper part of a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder is screwed on the columnar body;
the circular groove of the tester base is coaxially matched and connected with the circular boss of the imaging displacement table, and is locked by the locking screw.
The supporting cylinder is formed by fixing a top cover on a cylinder body with an upper opening and a lower opening through screws; the upper clamp body of the upper clamp is fixed on the bottom surface of the top cover of the supporting cylinder.
The four locking screws are used for fixing the base of the testing machine on the imaging displacement table; the hydraulic oil pipe is a steel wire winding hydraulic oil pipe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a testing method for performing a fatigue test of a material using the above fatigue testing machine.
Another object of the present invention is achieved by: the test method of the fatigue testing machine comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the tester main body on an imaging displacement table on a light source experiment platform, coaxially and cooperatively connecting a circular groove of a tester base and a circular boss of the imaging displacement table, and ensuring that the imaging displacement table is coaxial with the tester main body and the axis of a clamped sample through a locking screw and does not rotate relatively;
2) The servo hydraulic cylinder of the tester main body is connected with an electrohydraulic servo valve on a hydraulic station through a steel wire winding hydraulic oil pipe; the force sensor, namely the load sensor, the displacement sensor, the electrohydraulic servo valve and the X-ray detector are connected with the data acquisition and control unit and the data processing unit; the load sensor and the electrohydraulic servo valve are respectively connected with the control unit through data lines to form a closed-loop control system; the method comprises the steps of setting a loading target value by comparing input signals of a controller with feedback signals of a load sensor, namely actual loading of a sample, judging the next action of a hydraulic cylinder, controlling an electrohydraulic servo valve to control the pressure and speed of hydraulic oil according to the feedback signals obtained by a displacement sensor, inputting high-pressure hydraulic oil into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity of the hydraulic cylinder in a constantly changing manner according to the set control signals, pushing the piston to move up and down, and transmitting loading force to the sample through a connecting rod, namely a piston rod and a lower clamp;
3) The servo hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the data acquisition and control unit to move up and down to a position matched with the sample, the sample is placed into sample clamping grooves of the upper clamp main body and the lower clamp main body from a sample mounting window on the side surface of the transparent enclosure by using a tweezers tool, and the upper clamp pressing block and the lower clamp pressing block are connected with each other through screws to fix the sample;
4) Controlling the hydraulic cylinder to stretch through the control unit until the force signal acquired by the load sensor becomes zero on the control interface of the data processing unit, so as to prepare for a test;
5) The data processing and control unit controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to reciprocate, and when the reciprocating vertical displacement load reaches the set imaging cycle times, the data processing and control unit controls the hydraulic oil cylinder to stop acting;
6) Starting a synchrotron radiation light source, rotating an imaging displacement table on a synchrotron radiation light source platform, and driving a main body of the testing machine and a sample in the main body to rotate 180 degrees; simultaneously, the synchronous radiation high-energy X-rays emitted by the light emitter of the synchronous radiation light source pass through the transparent enclosure, penetrate through the sample rotating 180 degrees and are received by the X-ray detector of the synchronous radiation light source, and 180-degree imaging of the sample is completed; repeating the above operation until the set number of times of completing the test is reached; the captured high-resolution two-dimensional image data is transmitted to an image processing unit, namely a data processing unit for three-dimensional reconstruction, and the reconstruction of the three-dimensional shape inside the material is completed;
7) And (3) referring to the flow, applying a constant load to the sample, and imaging the sample under different loading force levels to complete an in-situ tensile imaging experiment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1, the invention relates to an in-situ imaging tensile fatigue test device with the characteristics of large load, high frequency and high precision, which can realize good compatibility with a synchronous radiation light source test platform. The testing machine main body is connected with the hydraulic servo system through a high-pressure oil pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe is preferably a steel wire wound hydraulic oil pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe has a smaller bending radius, the testing machine main body and the light source rotating platform are ensured to rotate 180 degrees or more, and the synchronous radiation imaging process is not influenced. The supporting structure of the testing machine is made of transparent material with high specific strength, and high-energy X-rays can penetrate through the supporting structure and then penetrate through a sample to carry out scanning imaging in the fatigue test process.
The device takes a hydraulic cylinder as a driving mechanism and is provided with a high-precision load sensor, a displacement sensor and an electrohydraulic servo valve. The sensor and the electrohydraulic servo valve can be respectively connected with the controller through data wires to form a closed-loop control system. The next action of the hydraulic cylinder is judged by comparing the input signal (set loading target value) of the controller with the feedback signal (sample actual loading) of the force sensor, the feedback signal is obtained according to the displacement sensor, the electrohydraulic servo valve is controlled to control the pressure and speed of hydraulic oil, high-pressure hydraulic oil is continuously and alternately input into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity of the hydraulic cylinder according to the set control signal, the upper piston and the lower piston are pushed to move, and the loading force is transmitted to the sample through the connecting rod and the lower clamp. The device can be used for realizing the stretching, low cycle fatigue and high cycle fatigue test of high-strength materials, and has the characteristics of high load, quick frequency response, controllable loading waveform, high accuracy, good reliability, long service life and the like.
4, the testing machine main body of the device is provided with a multifunctional clamp and a sample mounting window. The multifunctional clamp is suitable for plate-shaped and rod-shaped samples, can realize automatic centering and reinforced clamping of the samples, and reduces the failure risk of the sample clamping section; the side of the supporting enclosure is provided with the sample mounting window so as to facilitate clamping of the sample, simplify the mounting process, and improve the overall experimental efficiency when the light source machine can be effectively saved.
The synchrotron radiation light source is used as a large-scale center research device for multiple science, and has strict limitation when a user uses the device. Therefore, the fatigue test loading capacity and the fatigue test frequency are improved, the test efficiency can be greatly improved, the penetration capacity of high-energy X-rays is fully exerted, the energy consumption is reduced when a light source machine is effectively utilized, the labor is saved, and the fatigue test device has great scientific research significance. At present, no loading mechanism for a high-load high-frequency in-situ tensile fatigue test capable of performing three-dimensional imaging by using high-energy X rays is found at home and abroad.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-frequency in-situ fatigue testing machine using high-energy X-rays for three-dimensional imaging.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the upper and lower jigs holding a plate-like sample.
Fig. 3 is a left side cross-sectional view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the upper and lower jigs holding a rod-like sample.
Fig. 5 is a left side cross-sectional view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the assembled schematic of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a closed loop control system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the figure, 1 is a synchrotron radiation light source, 2 is a monochromator, 3 is a top cover, 4 is a supporting cylinder, 5 is a load sensor, 6 is an upper clamp, 7 is a sample, 8 is a lower clamp, 9 is a transparent enclosure, 10 is a light source experiment platform, 11 is an X-ray detector, 12 is a hydraulic oil pipe, 13 is an electrohydraulic servo valve, 14 is a hydraulic station, 15 is a data acquisition and controller (namely a data acquisition and control unit), 16 is a data processing unit, 17 is a light source experiment platform, 18 is an imaging displacement table, 19 is a locking screw, 20 is a tester base, 21 is a displacement sensor, and 22 is a servo hydraulic cylinder.
FIG. 1 shows a high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging, which comprises a data processing unit 16, a hydraulic station 14, a light source experiment platform 17, a circular plate-shaped imaging displacement table 18 rotatably arranged on the light source experiment platform, a testing machine base 20 covered on the imaging displacement table 18, and a locking screw 19 for pressing the downward extending annular outer edge of the testing machine base to the outer edge of the imaging displacement table 18 to fix the two; the frame structure is: four upright posts are fixed on the experiment machine base 20 by bolts with the center of the circle as the center according to a square, the supporting seat platform 10 is fixed at the tops of the four upright posts, the supporting cylinder 4 is positioned right above the supporting seat platform 10, and the transparent enclosure 9 with a sample mounting window is embedded and fixed between the supporting seat platform 10 and the supporting cylinder 4; the servo hydraulic cylinder 22 is arranged on the frame, is positioned right above the base 20 of the testing machine and is arranged along the axial line direction of the base, the upper part of a piston rod extending upwards of the servo hydraulic cylinder is screwed with the lower clamp 8, the upper clamp 6 is fixed in the supporting cylinder 4 and is positioned right above the lower clamp 8, and the sample 7 is clamped between the upper clamp and the lower clamp;
the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 connected with the hydraulic station 14 is respectively communicated with the upper and lower oil cavities of the servo hydraulic cylinder 22 through the hydraulic oil pipe 12; the monochromator 2 and the synchrotron radiation light source 1 are sequentially arranged on the left side of the transparent enclosure 9 at the same height from left to right, the X-ray detector 11 is arranged on the right side of the transparent enclosure at the same height, and the load sensor 5 is arranged on the upper clamp 6; the displacement sensor 21 is provided on a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder (the displacement sensor 21 is built in the hydraulic cylinder for detecting displacement of the piston);
the load sensor 5, the displacement sensor 21, the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 and the X-ray detector 11 are respectively connected with a data acquisition and control unit 15, and the data acquisition and control unit 15 is connected with the data processing unit 16.
The servo hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a supporting plate which is fixed on four upright posts. The upper clamp, the lower clamp, the servo hydraulic cylinder, the test base and the imaging displacement table (circular plate shape) are coaxially arranged (all positioned on the same axis).
Referring to fig. 2, the number of locking screws 19 is four, and the four locking screws fix the tester base 20 on the imaging displacement table 18; the hydraulic oil pipe 12 is a steel wire wound hydraulic oil pipe. The supporting cylinder 4 is formed by fixing a top cover 3 on a cylinder body with an upper opening and a lower opening through screws; the upper clamp body 6-1 of the upper clamp 6 is fixed on the bottom surface of the top cover 3 of the supporting cylinder.
Referring to fig. 6, the upper clamp 6 has the structure: the cuboid-shaped upper clamp pressing block 6-2 is pressed and connected with the upper part of the right side surface of the upper clamp main body 6-1 through a screw to form a cuboid-shaped assembly, and a through hole with a conical lower part is formed in the assembly; the lower clamp structure is as follows: the rectangular lower clamp pressing block 8-1 is pressed on the upper part of the right side surface of the lower clamp main body through a screw to form a rectangular component, a conical hole is formed in the component, the height of the hole is equal to that of the pressing block 8-1, and a columnar body with external threads extends downwards from the lower part of the lower clamp main body; the upper part of a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder 22 is screwed on the columnar body;
the circular groove of the tester base 20 is coaxially matched and connected with the circular boss of the imaging displacement table 18, and is locked by a locking screw 19.
When the method is specifically used, the following steps are adopted:
1) The testing machine main body is arranged on an imaging displacement table 18 on a light source experiment platform 11, a circular groove of a testing machine main body base 20 is coaxially matched and connected with a circular boss of the imaging displacement table 18, and the imaging displacement table 18 is ensured to be coaxial with the axes of the testing machine main body and a clamped sample 7 through a locking screw 19 and does not rotate relatively;
2) The servo hydraulic cylinder 22 of the tester main body is connected with the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 on the hydraulic station 14 through the high-pressure oil pipe 12; the force sensor 5, the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 and the X-ray detector 11 are connected with a data acquisition and control unit 15 and a data processing unit 1; the load sensor 5 and the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 can be respectively connected with a controller 15 through data wires to form a closed-loop control system. By comparing the input signal (set loading target value) of the controller with the feedback signal (sample actual loading) of the load sensor 5, the electrohydraulic servo valve 13 is controlled to control the pressure and speed of hydraulic oil, the high-pressure hydraulic oil is continuously input into the upper and lower oil cavities of the servo hydraulic cylinder 22 in a changing way according to the set control signal, the upper and lower piston is pushed to move, and the loading force is transmitted to the sample 7 through the connecting rod and the lower clamp 8.
3) The servo hydraulic cylinder 22 is controlled to move up and down to a specific position (matched with the position of the sample 7) by the data acquisition and control unit 15, the sample 7 is placed into the sample clamping grooves of the upper clamp body 6-1 and the lower clamp body 8-3 from the side sample mounting window of the transparent enclosure 9 by using a tweezers tool, the upper clamp press block 6-3 and the lower clamp press block 8-3 are connected with the upper clamp body 6-1 and the lower clamp body 8-3 through screws, and the sample 7 is fixed (see fig. 7).
4) The displacement sensor 21 is controlled to stretch through 15 until the force signal acquired by the load sensor 5 can be seen to be zero on the control interface of 16, so that a test can be prepared;
5) The displacement sensor 21 is controlled to reciprocate through the control unit 15, and when the reciprocating vertical displacement load reaches the set imaging cycle times, the data processing and control unit 15 controls the displacement sensor 21 to stop operating. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
6) Starting a synchrotron radiation light source 1, rotating a displacement table 18 on a synchrotron radiation light source platform, and driving a main body of the testing machine and a sample 7 in the main body to rotate 180 degrees; simultaneously, the synchrotron radiation high-energy X-rays emitted by the light emitter 2 of the synchrotron radiation light source pass through the transparent enclosure 9, penetrate through the 180-degree rotating sample and are received by the X-ray detector 11 of the synchrotron radiation light source, and 180-degree imaging of the sample is completed. The above operation is repeated until the set number of cycles to complete the test is reached. The captured high-resolution two-dimensional image data is transmitted to the image processing unit 16 for three-dimensional reconstruction, and the reconstruction of the three-dimensional shape inside the material is completed.
7) With reference to the above procedure, a constant load is applied to the sample 7, and the sample under different loading force levels is imaged, so as to complete an in-situ tensile imaging experiment.
Claims (4)
1. A high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging comprises a data processing unit
(16) The hydraulic station (14) is characterized in that a round plate-shaped imaging displacement table (18) is rotatably arranged on the light source experiment platform (17), the tester base (20) is covered on the imaging displacement table (18), and the locking screw (19) presses the downward extending annular outer edge of the tester base to the outer edge of the imaging displacement table (18) to fix the downward extending annular outer edge of the tester base and the imaging displacement table; the frame structure is: four upright posts are fixed on the base (20) of the testing machine by taking the center of the circle as the center and through bolts, the supporting seat platform (10) is fixed at the tops of the four upright posts, the supporting cylinder (4) is positioned right above the supporting seat platform (10), and the transparent enclosure (9) with the sample mounting window is embedded and fixed between the supporting seat platform (10) and the supporting cylinder (4); the servo hydraulic cylinder (22) is arranged on the frame, is positioned right above the base (20) of the testing machine and is arranged along the axial line direction of the base, the upper part of a piston rod extending upwards of the servo hydraulic cylinder is screwed with the lower clamp (8), the upper clamp (6) is fixed in the supporting cylinder (4) and is positioned right above the lower clamp (8), and the sample (7) is clamped between the upper clamp and the lower clamp;
an electrohydraulic servo valve (13) connected with the hydraulic station (14) is respectively communicated with an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity of a servo hydraulic cylinder (22) through a hydraulic oil pipe (12); the left side of the transparent enclosure (9) with the same height is sequentially provided with a monochromator (2) and a synchronous radiation light source (1) from left to right, the right side of the transparent enclosure with the same height is provided with an X-ray detector (11), and a load sensor (5) is arranged on the upper clamp (6); the displacement sensor (21) is arranged on a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder;
the load sensor (5), the displacement sensor (21), the electrohydraulic servo valve (13) and the X-ray detector (11) are respectively connected with the data acquisition and control unit (15), and the data acquisition and control unit (15) is connected with the data processing unit (16); the upper clamp, the lower clamp, the servo hydraulic cylinder, the tester base and the imaging displacement table are all coaxially arranged;
the upper clamp (6) is of the structure that: the upper clamp pressing block in a cuboid shape is pressed and connected with the upper part of the right side surface of the upper clamp main body through a screw to form a cuboid-shaped assembly, and a through hole with a conical lower part is formed in the assembly; the lower clamp structure is as follows: the lower clamp pressing block is pressed on the upper part of the right side surface of the lower clamp main body through a screw to form a cuboid-shaped component, a conical hole is formed in the component, the height of the hole is equal to that of the pressing block, and a columnar body with external threads extends downwards from the lower part of the lower clamp main body; the upper part of a piston rod of the servo hydraulic cylinder (22) is screwed on the columnar body;
the circular groove of the tester base (20) is coaxially matched and connected with the circular boss of the imaging displacement table (18), and is locked by the locking screw (19).
2. The high-load high-frequency in-situ stretching and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging according to claim 1, wherein the supporting cylinder (4) is formed by fixing a top cover (3) on a cylinder body with upper and lower openings through screws; the upper clamp body of the upper clamp (6) is fixed on the bottom surface of the top cover (3) of the supporting cylinder.
3. The high-load high-frequency in-situ tensile and fatigue testing machine based on X-ray imaging according to claim 2, wherein the number of the locking screws (19) is four, and the four locking screws fix the testing machine base (20) on the machine base
An imaging displacement table (18); the hydraulic oil pipe (12) is a steel wire winding hydraulic oil pipe.
4. A test method using the fatigue tester according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) The testing machine main body is arranged on an imaging displacement table (18) on a light source experiment platform (17), a circular groove of a testing machine base (20) is coaxially matched and connected with a circular boss of the imaging displacement table (18), and the imaging displacement table (18) is ensured to be coaxial with the axes of the testing machine main body and a clamped sample (7) through a locking screw (19) and does not rotate relatively;
2) The servo hydraulic cylinder (22) of the tester main body is connected with the electrohydraulic servo valve (13) on the hydraulic station (14) through a steel wire winding hydraulic oil pipe (12); the force sensor, namely the load sensor (5), the electrohydraulic servo valve (13) and the X-ray detector (11) are connected with the data acquisition and control unit (15) and connected with the data processing unit (16); the load sensor (5) and the electrohydraulic servo valve (13) are respectively connected with the control unit (15) through data lines to form a closed-loop control system; the method comprises the steps of setting a loading target value by comparing an input signal of a controller with a feedback signal of a load sensor (5), namely, actual loading of a sample, judging the next action of a hydraulic cylinder, controlling an electrohydraulic servo valve (13) to control the pressure and speed of hydraulic oil according to the feedback signal obtained by a displacement sensor, inputting high-pressure hydraulic oil into an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity of a servo hydraulic cylinder (22) in a constantly changing manner according to the set control signal, pushing the piston to move up and down, and transmitting loading force to the sample (7) through a connecting rod, namely a piston rod and a lower clamp (8);
3) The servo hydraulic cylinder (22) is controlled by the data acquisition and control unit (15) to move up and down to a position matched with the sample (7), the sample (7) is placed into sample clamping grooves of the upper clamp main body and the lower clamp main body from a sample mounting window on the side surface of the transparent enclosure (9) by using a tweezers tool, and the upper clamp pressing block and the lower clamp pressing block are connected with the upper clamp main body and the lower clamp pressing block through screws to fix the sample (7);
4) Controlling the servo hydraulic cylinder (22) to stretch through the control unit (15) until the force signal acquired by the load sensor (5) becomes zero on the control interface of the data processing unit (16) so as to prepare for a test;
5) The servo hydraulic cylinder (22) is controlled to reciprocate through the control unit (15), and after the reciprocating vertical displacement load reaches the set imaging cycle times, the data processing and control unit (15) controls the servo hydraulic cylinder (22) to stop acting;
6) Starting a synchrotron radiation light source (1), rotating an imaging displacement table (18) on a synchrotron radiation light source platform, and driving a tester main body and a sample (7) in the main body to rotate 180 degrees; meanwhile, the synchrotron radiation high-energy X-rays emitted by the monochromator (2) of the synchrotron radiation light source pass through the transparent enclosure (9), penetrate through a 180-degree rotating sample and are received by the X-ray detector (11) of the synchrotron radiation light source, and 180-degree imaging of the sample is completed; repeating the above operation until the set number of times of completing the test is reached; the captured high-resolution two-dimensional image data is transmitted to an image processing unit (16) to be subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction, so that the reconstruction of the three-dimensional shape inside the material is completed;
7) With reference to the flow, a constant load is applied to the sample (7), and the sample under different loading force levels is imaged, so that an in-situ tensile imaging experiment is completed.
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| CN110514516B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-11-30 | 杭州源位科技有限公司 | Tensile sample clamp with spring for assisting fastening |
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| CN112304759A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Solid propellant stretching device based on synchrotron radiation test |
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