CN109797758B - Bare rock surface greening structure and method - Google Patents
Bare rock surface greening structure and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109797758B CN109797758B CN201910172938.4A CN201910172938A CN109797758B CN 109797758 B CN109797758 B CN 109797758B CN 201910172938 A CN201910172938 A CN 201910172938A CN 109797758 B CN109797758 B CN 109797758B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- greening
- anchor
- constructed
- bare rock
- slope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of slope greening, and provides a bare rock surface greening structure and a method, and the bare rock surface greening structure comprises a plurality of greening units, wherein each greening unit comprises an anchor pile and a baffle plate, the anchor piles are fixed on a surface to be constructed, a plurality of longitudinally extending positioning grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of each anchor pile, the shape of each positioning groove is matched with the shape of the end part of each baffle plate, the two ends of each baffle plate are respectively inserted into the positioning grooves of the two anchor piles, and the plurality of baffle plates are connected with the plurality of anchor piles to form a closed-loop columnar frame structure of the greening unit. The method for greening the exposed rock surface is characterized in that the anchor piles are fixed, the baffle plates are fixed, and the anchor piles and the baffle plates are covered to form a plurality of greening units with closed-loop structures; and (5) paving the protective net and spraying the matrix alternately. The invention provides a greening structure and a greening method for a bare rock surface, which ensure that the base material on the bare rock surface is stable, the moisture and the nutrient are sufficient, the greening effect is good, the greening structure and the greening method are suitable for complex slopes, the construction cost is low, and the construction is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope greening, in particular to a bare rock surface greening structure and a method.
Background
Slope greening is an emerging ecological slope protection mode capable of effectively protecting bare slope, and can effectively realize ecological vegetation restoration and protection of the slope by combining the slope greening mode with traditional civil engineering slope protection.
In the side slope environments of highways, mines and the like, there are stone side slopes, earth-stone side slopes, earth side slopes and the like, wherein the greening of bare rock surfaces in stone side slopes is the most difficult greening side slope environment.
At present, a bare rock surface side slope is generally greened by climbing vine plants, digging a vegetation groove, a floating platform, hanging a net, spraying and the like, but the vine plants have long climbing greening time, small effective greening area, difficult greening construction by using the vegetation groove and the floating platform, high construction cost, difficult greening effect, thinner and easy loss of a net hanging and spraying matrix layer, higher maintenance conditions, and difficult realization of a stable plant community.
At present, a bare rock surface slope greening structure and a method which are convenient to construct, stable in base material, sufficient in water and nutrient supply, strong in water and soil conservation capability, good in greening effect, quick in effect and capable of forming a stable plant community structure do not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies, including the defects that a stable plant community cannot be formed on the existing exposed rock surface, a base material is easy to run away, the greening effect is difficult to ensure, the construction cost is high and the construction difficulty is large.
The purpose of the invention is that: the greening structure and the greening method for the exposed rock surface are provided, the substrate on the exposed rock surface is stable, the moisture and the nutrients are sufficient, the greening effect is good, the greening structure and the greening method are suitable for greening construction of complex and high-steep exposed rock surfaces, the construction cost is low, and the construction is simple.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a bare rock surface greening structure, which comprises a plurality of greening units, wherein each greening unit comprises an anchoring pile and a blocking plate, each anchoring pile is fixed on a surface to be constructed, a plurality of longitudinally extending positioning grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of each anchoring pile, the shapes of the positioning grooves are matched with the shapes of the end parts of the blocking plates, two ends of each blocking plate are respectively inserted into the positioning grooves of two anchoring piles, and the blocking plates are connected with the anchoring piles to form a closed-loop columnar frame structure of the greening unit.
Preferably, the adjacent greening units comprise the common blocking plate and the anchor piles, and the greening units further comprise a plurality of protection nets which are paved in layers in the closed-loop columnar frame structure.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the anchor pile is provided with a hook, the protection net is hung on the hook, the hook is provided with a plurality of hooks in the height direction of the anchor pile, the hook is provided with a C-shaped structure with an open upper end, and the open end of the hook is connected to the anchor pile.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the anchor pile comprises a connecting section and a fixing section, the connecting section is provided with the hook and the positioning groove, and the fixing section is provided with a needle structure to be inserted and fixed into the surface to be constructed.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the depth of the anchoring pile fixed to the surface to be constructed is 30-50cm, the height of the anchoring pile extending out of the surface to be constructed is 30-60cm, and the distance between the hooks in the height direction of the anchoring pile is 5-15cm.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that a fixing groove adapted to the blocking plate is formed on the surface to be constructed, the blocking plate is inserted into the fixing groove, and a drain hole is formed on the blocking plate.
In any of the above-mentioned schemes, it is preferable that the surface to be constructed is a slope, a top water interception tank and a diversion drainage tank are provided on the slope, the top water interception tank is communicated with the diversion drainage tank, the top water interception tank is provided above the greening unit, and the diversion drainage tank extends from the top water interception tank to the lower side of the slope.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that a bottom substrate and a surface substrate are paved in the greening unit, the thickness of the bottom substrate ranges from 20cm to 40cm, and the thickness of the surface substrate ranges from 10cm to 20cm.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the bottom substrate comprises soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and binder, and the soil comprises the following materials in mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is (800-1200): (40-60): (5-20): (5-20); the surface layer matrix comprises foreign soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, binder and greening plant seeds, and the foreign soil is prepared according to the mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the greening plant seeds are (800-1200): (60-100): (3-10): (10-30): (10-30).
The invention also provides a bare rock surface greening method adopting the bare rock surface greening structure,
the anchor pile is fixed on the surface to be constructed,
the blocking plates are inserted into the positioning grooves of the anchoring piles and the surface to be constructed, and the anchoring piles and the blocking plates are covered to form a plurality of greening units with closed-loop structures;
digging a drainage intercepting groove on a surface to be constructed;
and paving a protective net and a spray-seeding matrix in the greening unit, wherein the paving of the protective net and the spray-seeding matrix are alternately performed until the thickness of the matrix meets the planting requirement.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the anchor piles and the blocking plates are connected on the surface to be constructed to form a closed-loop columnar frame structure of the greening unit, the closed-loop columnar frame structure protects moisture and nutrient substances, matrixes, vegetation and the like in the greening unit, the blocking plates and the anchor piles are connected to form a columnar space, matrixes and planted vegetation are paved in the columnar space, the stability of the base materials and the sufficient moisture and nutrient substances are ensured, and the greening unit has the advantages of good greening effect, low construction cost and simplicity in construction; the blocking plate is fixed in the positioning groove of the anchoring pile through being inserted in the positioning groove, so that the assembly, disassembly and maintenance are convenient; the greening units are mutually independent and connected to form a whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a preferred embodiment of an anchor pile of the bare rock face greening structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the assembled state of the anchor piles and the blocking plates of FIG. 1 of the exposed rock face greening structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the anchor pile of FIG. 1 of the exposed rock face greening structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a greening unit formed by splicing anchor piles of the exposed rock surface greening structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a preferred embodiment of the exposed rock surface greening structure of the present invention in a paved state on a slope;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a water trough on a slope of a bare rock greening structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a side view of the application of the bare rock greening structure of the present invention to a slope;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a side view of the exposed rock face greening structure in a base layer paving state;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a barrier plate of the bare rock greening structure of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, anchoring piles; 11. a connection section; 12. a fixed section; 2. a positioning groove; 3. a hook; 4. a baffle plate; 41. a drain hole; 5. a protective net; 6. a top water interception tank; 7. a diversion drainage groove; 8. a base substrate; 9. a surface matrix.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The bare rock surface greening is the most difficult greening slope environment, the greening mode of the bare rock surface is a conventional greening measure, a large number of measures of net hanging and spray seeding are also applied in the greening engineering of the bare rock surface, the net hanging and spray seeding is difficult to form a stable community structure because the matrix is difficult to form a long-term stable state, the net hanging and spray seeding is easy to fall off, water loss is easy to occur on the bare rock surface, water and nutrient supply is insufficient for greening plants, and particularly for the slope with an inclination angle in the range of 40-70 degrees, the construction cost of the bare rock surface is high, and the greening effect is poor.
The invention provides a greening structure of a bare rock surface, which is shown in the drawings in combination with fig. 1-9, and comprises a plurality of greening units, vegetation is planted in each greening unit, and the plurality of greening units are paved on a surface to be constructed to form a greening structure for greening the surface to be constructed, so that the greening structure is applicable to various surfaces to be constructed, wherein the surface to be constructed can be the bare rock surface, and the bare rock surface can be a plane or a slope.
As shown in fig. 5, the greening unit comprises an anchor pile 1 and a blocking plate 4, the anchor pile 1 is fixed on a surface to be constructed, the anchor pile 1 is used for fixing the blocking plate 4 on the surface to be constructed, the anchor pile 1 and the blocking plate 4 are combined to form a closed-loop space, so that the greening unit with blocking function is formed, the greening unit prevents loss of matrix, moisture, nutrients and the like, and the vegetation in each greening unit is ensured to stably grow.
The circumference of anchor stake 1 is seted up a plurality of longitudinal extension's constant head tank 2, the shape of constant head tank 2 and the tip shape looks adaptation of blocking board 4, blocking board 4 is pegged graft in constant head tank 2, the both ends of blocking board 4 are pegged graft respectively in the constant head tank 2 of two anchor stakes 1, two anchor stakes 1 are connected with a blocking board 4 and are formed one and block the wall, at least two block the wall concatenation and form the afforestation unit of closed loop columnar structure, adjacent two blocking boards 4 can share an anchor stake 1, form the afforestation unit of a plurality of concatenation in succession, in order to form greening structure on naked rock face.
The closed-loop columnar frame structure comprises columnar structures with various cross-sectional shapes, wherein the columnar frame structures are used for filling matrixes, keeping moisture and nutrients and planting vegetation, the different cross-sectional shapes are used for forming planting spaces with various shapes, and various and multifunctional greening structures are formed according to greening requirements.
The greening structure provided by the embodiment is suitable for greening construction of various occasions, is particularly suitable for greening construction of planes or slopes in exposed rock surfaces, and is particularly suitable for slopes with inclination angles of 40-70 degrees; the problems of difficulty in greening construction, high greening cost and poor greening effect of the exposed rock surface are solved, an anchoring assembly type unitized structure is provided, production, processing and transportation of the unitized structure are convenient, construction of the unitized structure is convenient, construction process is simple, mutually independent greening environments are formed among greening units, the greening units are mutually connected to form a whole, the application range is wide, the construction cost is low, and a stable plant community structure can be formed.
Wherein, anchor stake 1 can be established to prism, cylinder or irregular columnar structure, and constant head tank 2 peg graft in anchor stake 1, and a plurality of constant head tanks 2 are seted up to anchor stake 1's circumference, and constant head tank 2 can equidistant setting on anchor stake 1, and the position of constant head tank 2 still can set up according to actual need, and the interval between the adjacent constant head tank 2 is unlimited.
The shape of the baffle plate 4 can be various structural shapes such as a planar plate-shaped structure, a curved plate-shaped structure, an arc plate-shaped structure and the like, and greening units with different shapes can be assembled and spliced according to different structural shapes of the baffle plate 4, so that the greening requirements of different occasions are met.
The greening units of the closed-loop columnar structure can be in various forms such as triangular prism structures, quadrangular prism structures, polygonal prism structures, cylinders, special-shaped columns and the like, the blocking plates 4 are used as the side faces of the columnar structures, the anchoring piles 1 are used as the side edges of the columnar structures, the adjacent blocking plates 4 are connected with the anchoring piles 1, the adjacent blocking plates 4 share one anchoring pile 1, and the adjacent greening units can also share one anchoring pile 1.
Adjacent greening units can be mutually independent; adjacent greening units can also comprise public anchoring piles 1 and public blocking plates 4, so that the cost is saved, and the construction is convenient.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the greening unit further comprises a plurality of protection nets 5, the protection nets 5 are layered in the closed columnar structure, and the shape of the protection nets 5 is matched with the cross section shape of the closed columnar structure. The substrate is filled between the protective nets 5, and the protective nets 5 are used for blocking the flow of the substrate, so that the substrate is uniformly distributed in the greening unit; the baffle plate 4 also plays a role of blocking the substrate, and prevents the substrate from being lost.
The matrix can be nutrient soil suitable for vegetation growth on the matrix, and the components of the matrix are arranged according to actual needs. The filling mode of the matrix can be manual filling, and also can be a spray seeding mode.
The mode that the protective net 5 is directly paved in the greening unit has poor stability and can influence the stability of the matrix in the greening unit.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1-3, the anchoring pile 1 is provided with hooks 3, the hooks 3 are used for hanging and fixing the protective net 5, the protective net 5 is hung on the hooks 3 of the anchoring pile 1, the corners of the protective net 5 are fixed, and the fixing stability of the protective net 5 is ensured. The hooks 3 are arranged in the height direction of the anchoring piles 1, the number of the hooks 3 on the anchoring piles 1 is set according to the layer number paved by the protective net 5, and the distance between the hooks 3 is also set according to the distance between the protective nets 5.
The hook 3 may have various structures, such as J-shape, S-shape, etc., preferably, the hook 3 is provided with a C-shape structure having an open upper end, and the open end of the C-shape structure is fixed on the anchor pile 1. The bottom of the open end of the C-shaped structure is connected to the wall surface of the anchor pile 1, a connecting gap is formed between the upper part of the C-shaped structure and the anchor pile 1, namely the C-shaped structure with the upper end open is formed, so that the protective net 5 is hooked on the hook 3 through the connecting gap, the construction and the installation are simple and convenient, and the connection stability is good.
The protection net 5 is a main structure for fixing the plant-growing matrix, and the main material adopts steel wires or other materials. The protection net 5 realizes the full connection protection of the areas between the anchoring piles 1 through the hooks 3 connected with the anchoring piles 1.
The anchoring pile 1 comprises a connecting section 11 and a fixing section 12, wherein the connecting section 11 is used for connecting the baffle plate 4 and the protective net 5, and the fixing section 12 is used for inserting and fixing the anchoring pile 1 on a surface to be constructed. Specifically, be equipped with couple 3 and constant head tank 2 on the linkage segment 11, set up constant head tank 2 on the linkage segment 11, form between the adjacent constant head tank 2 and connect the boss, couple 3 is at the longitudinal interval distribution of connecting the boss, and fixed section 12 establishes to needle structure and inserts to be solid to wait in the construction face, conveniently fixes anchor stake 1. Wherein the positioning groove 2 extends from top to bottom along the connecting section 11, and the positioning groove 2 does not extend to the fixing section 12.
Preferably, the connecting section 11 of the anchoring pile 1 is provided with a columnar structure, preferably a columnar structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, 8 positioning grooves 2 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the anchoring pile 1, a connecting boss is formed between adjacent positioning grooves 2, hooks 3 are connected to the connecting boss, a plurality of hooks 3 are uniformly arranged in the length direction of the anchoring pile 1 at equal intervals, and the intervals of the hooks 3 are matched with the laying intervals of the protective net 5.
Preferably, the anchoring pile 1 with 8 positioning grooves 2 and 3 rectangular blocking plates 4 can be spliced to form a triangular prism-shaped greening unit; the anchoring pile 1 with 8 positioning grooves 2 and 4 rectangular blocking plates 4 can be spliced to form a square greening unit; the anchoring pile 1 with 8 positioning grooves 2 and 5 rectangular blocking plates 4 can form a greening unit in a pentagonal prism shape; and so on. In addition, the baffle plate 4 can also be an arc-shaped curved plate, and can form an irregularly-shaped greening unit.
Further, the depth of the anchoring pile 1 anchored to the surface to be constructed is 30-50cm, namely the length of the fixing section 12 is 30-50cm, the height of the anchoring pile 1 extending out of the surface to be constructed is 30-60cm, the length of the connecting section 11 is also 30-60cm, the fixing stability of the anchoring pile 1 is ensured, the space of the greening unit is also ensured, and the filling thickness requirement of the matrix in the greening unit is met. The distance between the hooks 3 in the height direction of the anchoring pile 1 is 5-15cm, namely the laying distance of the protective net 5 is 5-15cm.
Preferably, the depth of the anchoring pile 1 fixed to the surface to be constructed is 30cm, 40cm and 50cm respectively, the height of the anchoring pile 1 extending out of the surface to be constructed is 30cm, 40cm, 50cm and 60cm respectively, and the distance between the hooks 3 is 5cm, 10cm and 15cm respectively. The fixing depth, the extending height and the distance between the hooks 3 of the anchor pile 1 do not necessarily correspond to each other in the above order, and may be combined in a crossing manner as needed.
The fixing angle of the anchor pile 1 on the surface to be constructed can be set according to the requirement, and preferably, the anchor pile 1 is perpendicular to the surface to be constructed.
The fixed slot with baffle 4 looks adaptation has been seted up on waiting the construction face, and baffle 4 inserts the fixed slot, when anchor stake 1 is fixed baffle 4, and the fixed slot strengthens fixedly to baffle 4, and is multi-directionally spacing baffle 4, improves the structural stability of afforestation unit.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 9, the baffle plate 4 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 41, and the plurality of drain holes 41 are distributed on the baffle plate 4 at intervals, and drain is performed through the drain holes 41. The drain holes 41 can be uniformly distributed on the baffle plate 4 in a plurality of rows, the distance between the adjacent drain holes 41 is between 10cm and 30cm, and the slope can be discharged for converging. The preferred interval between the drain holes 41 is 20cm, and the drain holes 41 are formed in the middle position of the bottom of the baffle plate 4.
Further, when the surface to be constructed is a slope, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the water flow on the slope has a strong scouring effect on the matrix and vegetation, and vegetation growth is affected.
The top water interception tank 6 is arranged above the greening unit, the diversion drainage tank 7 extends from the top water interception tank 6 to the lower side of the slope, and the diversion drainage tank 7 is arranged in parallel on the slope. The top water interception tanks 6 can be arranged at intervals on different heights of the slope, and all the top water interception tanks 6 and all the diversion drainage tanks 7 are mutually communicated so as to conduct converging and guiding-out of water flows with different heights.
The top water interception tank 6 and the diversion drainage tank 7 are made of steel or PVC and other materials with light weight and high strength, the height specification of one side of the top water interception tank 6, which is close to the anchoring pile 1, is the same as that of the anchoring pile 1, the top of a slope is suitable for intercepting water coming from the upper part of the slope, the diversion drainage tank 7 is the same as that of the anchoring pile 1, the diversion drainage tank is installed on two sides of the slope along the slope, the middle part of the slope greening engineering is formed by a gap reserved by the blocking plate 4, and the water interception and the water coming from the slope are rapidly drained along the slope.
As shown in fig. 8, the greening unit is internally paved with matrixes, the matrixes comprise a bottom layer matrix 8 and a surface layer matrix 9, the thickness of the bottom layer matrix 8 ranges from 20cm to 40cm, the bottom layer matrix 8 mainly fixes to form a stable plant growth matrix and provides moisture and nutrients, the thickness of the surface layer matrix 9 ranges from 10cm to 20cm, the bottom layer matrix 8 mainly supplies initial growth of plants, and the greening plant seeds are contained to meet engineering greening requirements. The bottom substrate 8 and the surface substrate 9 are combined to form a thick-layer plant growth substrate which is suitable for plant growth and rooting and is helpful for forming a vegetation community; the thick-layer plant substrate can be laid manually or in a spray-seeding mode.
The bottom matrix 8 comprises foreign soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and binder, and the foreign soil is prepared according to the mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is (800-1200): (40-60): (5-20): (5-20); the surface matrix 9 comprises soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, binder and greening plant seeds, and the soil is removed according to the mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the greening plant seeds are (800-1200): (60-100): (3-10): (10-30): (10-30).
Preferably, the proportion of the bottom matrix 8, the soil is: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is 1000:50:10:10, and the soil is alien: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is 800:40:5:5, and the soil is alien: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is 1200:60:20:20; proportioning of surface matrix 9, and soil filling: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the greening plant seeds are 1000:80:5:20:20, and the soil is removed: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the greening plant seeds are 800:60:3:10:10, and the soil is removed: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the green plant seeds are 1200:100:10:30:30.
Because the bare rock surface is free of soil supply, the foreign soil is needed to be taken for planting, wherein the foreign soil is foreign soil for plant growth, peripheral surface soil is generally selected in a nearby principle, for example, the bare rock surface in Beijing area is used for greening construction, and the foreign soil is selected from the soil in the Beijing peripheral area, and the soil types are brown soil, loess, loam and the like.
According to the embodiment, quick construction and vegetation planting in the bare rock surface greening engineering can be realized, the greening matrix can be stabilized on the bare rock surface through the structure of the vegetation greening engineering, the problem of difficulty in construction of the current bare rock slope is solved, the matrix can be stably fixed on the bare rock wall, after the baffle plate 4 is fixed through the anchor pile 1 and the fixing groove on the slope, the greening matrix can be stabilized on the slope, meanwhile, the water coming from the upper part of the slope can be intercepted by the top water interception groove 6 of the slope, and is discharged through the diversion drainage groove 7, redundant water on the bare rock surface can be discharged through the drainage holes 41 of the baffle plate 4, and the pressure of the baffle plate 4 and the anchor pile 1 is relieved. The anchoring piles 1 are combined with the multi-layer protective net 5 to provide multi-layer protection for the plant substrate, so that the plant substrate is stably fixed on the slope, and the problems of substrate loss, plant community damage and the like caused by sliding and soil erosion are solved. The method can also meet the requirements of wet spraying and dry spraying, and is suitable for different greening environments.
The invention also provides a bare rock greening method adopting the bare rock greening structure, as shown in figures 1-9,
the anchor piles 1 are fixed on the surface to be constructed, so that the distance between adjacent anchor piles 1 is matched with the size of the baffle plate 4, the positioning and mounting of the baffle plate 4 are convenient after the anchor piles 1 are positioned, and the positioning construction of the anchor piles 1 is simple and convenient;
the blocking plate 4 is inserted into the positioning groove 2 of the anchoring pile 1 and the surface to be constructed, and the anchoring pile 1 and the blocking plate 4 are covered to form a plurality of greening units with closed-loop structures; the anchoring piles 1 and the baffle plates 4 are fixed on the surface to be constructed to form a frame structure of a greening unit so as to facilitate matrix laying and vegetation planting;
digging a water interception and drainage groove on a surface to be constructed, wherein the water interception and drainage groove comprises a top water interception groove 6 and a diversion and drainage groove 7, the top water interception groove 6 is communicated with the diversion and drainage groove 7 in a crossing way, the top water interception groove 6 is used for intercepting water flow in the transverse direction of a slope, and the diversion and drainage groove 7 is used for longitudinally draining the water flow;
after the construction of the frame structure of the greening unit is completed, a protective net 5 and a spray-seeding matrix are paved in the greening unit, and the paving of the protective net 5 and the spray-seeding matrix are alternately performed until the thickness of the matrix meets the planting requirement.
The bare rock greening structure comprises the structures of all the embodiments.
And constructing the anchor pile 1 through engineering construction, and fixing the anchor pile on the exposed rock surface to form a foundation of the whole greening structure. The relative position of the anchoring pile 1 is comprehensively determined according to engineering construction requirements and slope ground conditions.
Before the blocking plate 4 is inserted into the positioning groove 2, a fixing groove is dug on the slope surface, and the position of the fixing groove is matched with the fixing position of the blocking plate 4 on the slope surface so as to strengthen the fixing effect of the blocking plate 4 on the slope surface, and the blocking plate forms a support for the plant-growing substrate and the protective net 5.
Between two anchor piles 1 of the baffle plate 4 to be connected, inserting grooves suitable for the baffle plate 4 are cut on the rock surface, and the baffle plate 4 is inserted into the fixing pile inserting holes and the slope inserting grooves, so that the baffle plate forms a support for the plant-growing substrate and the protective net 5.
The water-saving device is characterized in that a top water interception tank 6 and a water diversion drainage tank 7 along the slope direction are installed on the exposed rock surface on which the fixed piles and the retaining plates 4 are installed, the water interception tank 6 at the top reduces the scouring of the water coming from the upper part of the slope to the plant-growing substrate, reduces the pressure born by the fixed piles and the retaining plates 4, and the water diversion drainage tank 7 along the slope is communicated with the water interception tank 6 at the top, so that the water coming from the slope intercepted by the water-saving tank can be rapidly discharged.
The substrate is mixed and proportioned before being laid, and the components and proportions of the substrate are added according to the embodiment of the bottom substrate and the surface substrate.
Laying a first layer of protective net according to the requirement, spraying the prepared bottom substrate 8 to a slope, after spraying the bottom substrate 8 to a certain thickness, hanging the protective net 5 on the surface of the sprayed bottom substrate 8 again, spraying the protective net 5 again according to the requirement, finally hanging the protective net 5 on the surface continuously, spraying the surface substrate 9 after the spraying of the bottom substrate 8 is finished, wherein the surface substrate 9 contains greening plant seeds, the spraying mode of the surface substrate 9 is the same as that of the bottom substrate 8, and when the spraying thickness of the surface substrate 9 reaches the design requirement, hanging the protective net 5 above the surface substrate 9, and finishing the substrate spraying and the hanging process of the protective net 5.
After the project construction is completed, the project is subjected to maintenance management, irrigation maintenance is performed by watering, irrigation maintenance is performed by arranging drip irrigation, spray irrigation or manual irrigation maintenance modes, irrigation maintenance is performed according to the plant growth requirements of the exposed rock surface, and the exposed rock surface is gradually reduced according to the growth conditions until the project is realized, and the plants are restored to form a stable community structure under the condition of natural maintenance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality", "a plurality of groups" is two or more.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a bare rock face greening structure which is characterized in that, includes a plurality of greening unit, the greening unit includes anchor stake and blocking board, the anchor stake is fixed on waiting to be under construction the face, a plurality of longitudinally extending constant head tanks have been seted up to the circumference of anchor stake, the shape of constant head tank and the tip shape looks adaptation of blocking board, the both ends of blocking board are pegged graft respectively in two the constant head tank of anchor stake, a plurality of blocking board with a plurality of the anchor stake is connected and is formed the closed loop column frame construction of greening unit;
the surface to be constructed can be an exposed rock surface, and the exposed rock surface can be a plane or a slope; the adjacent greening units comprise the public blocking plates and the anchoring piles, and the greening units further comprise a plurality of protection nets which are layered and paved in the closed-loop columnar frame structure;
the anchor pile is provided with a hook, the protective net is hung on the hook, the hook is provided with a plurality of hooks in the height direction of the anchor pile, the hook is provided with a C-shaped structure with an open upper end, and the open end of the hook is connected to the anchor pile.
2. The bare rock greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the anchor pile comprises a connecting section and a fixing section, the connecting section is provided with the hook and the positioning groove, and the fixing section is provided with a needle-shaped structure to be inserted and fixed into the surface to be constructed.
3. The bare rock face greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the anchor pile fixed to the face to be constructed is 30-50cm, the height of the anchor pile extending out of the face to be constructed is 30-60cm, and the distance between the hooks in the height direction of the anchor pile is 5-15cm.
4. The bare rock greening structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a fixing groove matched with the blocking plate is formed in the surface to be constructed, the blocking plate is inserted into the fixing groove, and a drain hole is formed in the blocking plate.
5. A bare rock surface greening structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the surface to be constructed is a slope, a top water interception tank and a diversion drainage tank are formed on the slope, the top water interception tank is communicated with the diversion drainage tank, the top water interception tank is arranged above the greening unit, and the diversion drainage tank extends from the top water interception tank to the lower side of the slope.
6. A bare rock face greening structure according to any of claims 1-3, wherein a base matrix and a surface matrix are laid in the greening unit, the thickness of the base matrix ranges from 20cm to 40cm, and the thickness of the surface matrix ranges from 10cm to 20cm.
7. The bare rock greening structure according to claim 6, wherein the bottom substrate comprises soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and binder, and the soil is removed according to the mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: the binder is (800-1200): (40-60): (5-20): (5-20); the surface layer matrix comprises foreign soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent, binder and greening plant seeds, and the foreign soil is prepared according to the mass ratio: organic fertilizer: and (3) a water-retaining agent: and (2) a binder: the greening plant seeds are (800-1200): (60-100): (3-10): (10-30): (10-30).
8. A bare rock greening method adopting the bare rock greening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that,
the anchor pile is fixed on the surface to be constructed,
the blocking plates are inserted into the positioning grooves of the anchoring piles and the surface to be constructed, and the anchoring piles and the blocking plates are covered to form a plurality of greening units with closed-loop structures;
digging a drainage intercepting groove on a surface to be constructed;
and paving a protective net and a spray-seeding matrix in the greening unit, wherein the paving of the protective net and the spray-seeding matrix are alternately performed until the thickness of the matrix meets the planting requirement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910172938.4A CN109797758B (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Bare rock surface greening structure and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910172938.4A CN109797758B (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Bare rock surface greening structure and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109797758A CN109797758A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
| CN109797758B true CN109797758B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
Family
ID=66561728
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910172938.4A Active CN109797758B (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Bare rock surface greening structure and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109797758B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112878298A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-01 | 夏玮玮 | Soil solidification device and method for preventing soil erosion and water loss with guiding and conveying functions |
| CN113875534B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-10-04 | 西南科技大学 | Moss greening method for steep rock slope |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB217718A (en) * | 1923-05-07 | 1924-06-26 | Donald John Munro | Improvements in or relating to the construction of silos |
| JP2000170169A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-20 | Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd | Structure for installing frame for greening slope, and slope face greening method |
| KR100920027B1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-10-06 | 주식회사 벽진지오테크닉스 | Vegetation Method Reinforced Soil Slopes with Geotextile Curtain Wall combined with steel buckel and anchor Nails |
| CN104314087A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆建工市政交通工程有限责任公司 | Slope greening protective structure and construction method thereof |
| CN104350967A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-18 | 湖州尚元塑木制品有限公司 | Splicing type plastic and wood flower box |
| CN108265729A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-10 | 杭州之江园林绿化艺术有限公司 | A kind of expressway rock slope greening structure |
| CN209798781U (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-12-17 | 北京林业大学 | Exposed rock surface greening structure |
-
2019
- 2019-03-07 CN CN201910172938.4A patent/CN109797758B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB217718A (en) * | 1923-05-07 | 1924-06-26 | Donald John Munro | Improvements in or relating to the construction of silos |
| JP2000170169A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-20 | Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd | Structure for installing frame for greening slope, and slope face greening method |
| KR100920027B1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-10-06 | 주식회사 벽진지오테크닉스 | Vegetation Method Reinforced Soil Slopes with Geotextile Curtain Wall combined with steel buckel and anchor Nails |
| CN104314087A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆建工市政交通工程有限责任公司 | Slope greening protective structure and construction method thereof |
| CN104350967A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-18 | 湖州尚元塑木制品有限公司 | Splicing type plastic and wood flower box |
| CN108265729A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-10 | 杭州之江园林绿化艺术有限公司 | A kind of expressway rock slope greening structure |
| CN209798781U (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-12-17 | 北京林业大学 | Exposed rock surface greening structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109797758A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106638634A (en) | Road rock slope vine ecological protection structure and construction method | |
| KR100920027B1 (en) | Vegetation Method Reinforced Soil Slopes with Geotextile Curtain Wall combined with steel buckel and anchor Nails | |
| CN207295737U (en) | Suitable for the ecological revetment system in plateau mountainous region | |
| CN107100176B (en) | A kind of expressway slope greening system | |
| CN109723068B (en) | Steep concrete sash Liang Hupo system beneficial to slope vegetation growth and construction method | |
| CN109811776B (en) | Assembled lattice frame roof beam | |
| CN109797758B (en) | Bare rock surface greening structure and method | |
| CN112064653A (en) | Composite loess slope ecological slope protection method | |
| CN210151758U (en) | Side slope ecological protection structure with water storage and supply system | |
| CN109315237B (en) | Method for greening high and steep rocky slope of mine | |
| CN213267945U (en) | Rock slope protective structure for mine restoration | |
| CN209798781U (en) | Exposed rock surface greening structure | |
| CN212200450U (en) | Spray-seeding repair structure suitable for high and steep rock slope | |
| CN210031859U (en) | Greening system for reinforcing side slope | |
| CN207553123U (en) | A kind of high-speed railway rock matter cut slope green safeguard structure | |
| CN110144849A (en) | A kind of hung type greening plate and rock side slope ecological slope protection system | |
| CN110158539A (en) | A kind of suspension type Planting board and sand slope ecological slope protection system | |
| CN114164844B (en) | Construction method of square grid type organic material slope protection structure | |
| CN211948247U (en) | Hydraulic engineering bank protection reinforcing apparatus | |
| CN211646425U (en) | Assembled ecological protection device suitable for rock slope | |
| CN211816004U (en) | Slope protection device for water conservancy | |
| JP3168644U (en) | Wall greening device for formwork block | |
| CN219732044U (en) | Ecological slope protection plate | |
| CN217150290U (en) | Green ecological lattice slope protection structure of side slope | |
| CN220255291U (en) | Ecological landscape greenbelt system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |