CN109744112A - A kind of cultural method of great burdock achene - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of great burdock achene, including the following contents: selection of land, site preparation, seed selection, nursery, transplanting, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the present invention spreads soil conditioner on the surface layer for the nursery put in order, and carboxymethyl cellulose and nanometer spherical ferroferric oxide magnetic powder is added, can effectively adsorb the heavy metal or other harmful components in soil, so that the germination percentage of seed is high, the high survival rate of transplanting；Improve the per mu yield and quality of great burdock achene.

Description

A kind of cultural method of great burdock achene

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting technologies of Chinese medicine, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of great burdock achene.

Background technique

It the effect of great burdock achene is used as medicine with fruit, root, cauline leaf, fruit has dispelling wind and heat from the body, suitable lung promoting eruption, removing toxic substances relieving sore-throat, can Clearing heat and detoxicating, the dispelling wind relieving sore-throat of the roots such as anemopyretic cold, coughing with a lot of sputum, abscess of throat, mumps erysipelas, carbuncle sore tumefacting virus energy is controlled, fructus arctii is suitable Ying Xingqiang, it is wild to compare in fertile soil by Sloping field in mountain area, the edge of a field, Around the house, naughty wing, exist compared with saline-alkali tolerant Light salt-soda soil also can normal growth.Cold-resistant, drought-enduring, fearness flood, happiness warm and moist weather, general soil can cultivate but with irrigation and drainage Convenient, soil layer visits the loam of thick, loose fertile, rich ancient humus or nearly loam is preferred.Growth period needs water more, 4-5 month plant The rainy season growth of growth retardation, 7-8 month warm and moist is rapid.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of great burdock achene.

The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

The cultural method of great burdock achene, including the following contents:

(1) selection of land, site preparation, selection topography is higher, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, rich humus-containing chiltern Loam ploughs deeply soil 25-35cm, and 90-100kg/ mus of soil conditioner, the soil conditioner are then applied into soil Be made of following compositing formula: peat soil 10-15, calcium carbonate 5-7, urea 2-3, calcium superphosphate 10-12, ferrous sulfate 6-8, Magnesium chloride 4-5, acrylamide 15-20, straw powder 10-12, sodium peroxydisulfate 0.1-0.2, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 0.1-0.3, carboxymethyl are fine Tie up element 1-2, nanometer spherical ferroferric oxide magnetic powder 3-4 and EM bacteria agent 0.01-0.02；Preparation method: by peat soil, calcium carbonate and Straw powder adds suitable quantity of water to be ground into slurry by weight, is heated to 75-80 DEG C, and urea, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate, chlorine is added Change magnesium, acrylamide, sodium peroxydisulfate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate and continue grinding 1-2 hours, adds carboxymethyl cellulose and nanometer spherical Ferroferric oxide magnetic powder stirs evenly, and is eventually adding EM bacteria agent, is covered with plastic foil, and plastic foil and dense is opened after placing 3-5 days Contracting drying, be granulated to get；The thin leveling of rake；

(2) seed selection, nursery select the novel species of full seed, no disease and pests harm, and it is small first to impregnate 10-12 with 20-30 DEG C of warm water When, it is placed under 3-5 DEG C of low temperature and handles 15-20 hours, then soaked seed 20-30 minutes with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, put after taking-up Enter and is impregnated in the chloroethene mixed alkoxide solution of the sodium bicarbonate containing 0.1-0.2%, the gibberellin of 0.2-0.3% and 0.1-0.3% It 7-8 hours, is finally steeped 8-10 hours with clear water；It ditches by line-spacing 20cm, ditch depth 8cm, sown scope 10cm, bottom of trench is concordant, after planting Earthing gear is flat, slightly presses, then rewaters 1 time；

(3) transplant, can be transplanted in the fall after nursery, dug out out of seedling furrow seedling slightly field soil, by distance between rows and hills 60cm × 45cm digs cave；Depth is identical as depth former in furrow, bankets and treads, is watered with root water and is survived with protecting；

(4) cave plant is excavated in field management in the soil, and 15-20 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied in every cave, and the base fertilizer is by following Constitutive material weight ratio mixes, formula: urea 80-90, expanded perlite 40-50, nano-attapulgite 50-60, Quick lime 13-15, glycine 0.5-0.8, glutamic acid 1-2, humic acid potassium 2-4 and citric acid 1-2；Base fertilizer is filled out in root when plant Portion bankets above, continuous water injection 2-3 times after transplanting, keeps the loose no weeds in field in combination with weeding, top dressing is using sufficient base manure On the basis of combine tillage and weeding to carry out top dressing to fructus arctii, the 1st time after freeze-up with Chicken dung 200-250kg/ mu and urea 20- 30kg/ mus, it is spread on ground；2nd inferior to plant start bolting when, apply urea 15-20kg, 10-12kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), molybdic acid It 1-2kg/ mus and magnesium sulfate 0.5-1.0kg/ mus of ammonium, to water in time after top dressing；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented and treated according to a conventional method.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention spreads soil conditioner on the surface layer for the nursery put in order, and carboxymethyl cellulose and nanometer spherical is added Ferroferric oxide magnetic powder can effectively adsorb heavy metal or other harmful components in soil, so that the germination percentage of seed is high, The high survival rate of transplanting；Improve the per mu yield and quality of great burdock achene.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1: the cultural method of great burdock achene, including the following contents:

(1) selection of land, site preparation, selection topography is higher, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, rich humus-containing chiltern Loam ploughs deeply soil 25-35cm, 95kg/ mus of soil conditioner is then applied into soil, the soil conditioner is by such as Under compositing formula composition: peat soil 12, calcium carbonate 6, urea 2.5, calcium superphosphate 11, ferrous sulfate 7, magnesium chloride 4.5, propylene Amide 18, straw powder 11, sodium peroxydisulfate 0.15, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 0.2, carboxymethyl cellulose 1.5, nanometer spherical ferroso-ferric oxide magnetic Powder 3.5 and EM bacteria agent 0.015；Preparation method: suitable quantity of water grinding is added to be slurried by weight peat soil, calcium carbonate and straw powder Material is heated to 75-80 DEG C, and urea, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate, magnesium chloride, acrylamide, sodium peroxydisulfate and bicarbonate is added Ammonium continues grinding 1-2 hours, adds carboxymethyl cellulose and nanometer spherical ferroferric oxide magnetic powder stirs evenly, be eventually adding EM bacteria agent is covered with plastic foil, is opened plastic foil after placing 3-5 days and is concentrated and dried, granulation to get；The thin leveling of rake；

(2) seed selection, nursery select the novel species of full seed, no disease and pests harm, are first impregnated 12 hours with 20-30 DEG C of warm water, Be placed under 3-5 DEG C of low temperature and handle 15-20 hours, then with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate soak seed 25 minutes, be put into after taking-up containing 0.15% sodium bicarbonate, 0.25% gibberellin and 0.2% chloroethene mixed alkoxide solution in impregnate 7-8 hours, finally with clear Bubble 8-10 hours；It ditches by line-spacing 20cm, ditch depth 8cm, sown scope 10cm, bottom of trench is concordant, and after planting earthing gear is flat, slightly applies Pressure, then rewaters 1 time；

(3) transplant, can be transplanted in the fall after nursery, dug out out of seedling furrow seedling slightly field soil, by distance between rows and hills 60cm × 45cm digs cave；Depth is identical as depth former in furrow, bankets and treads, is watered with root water and is survived with protecting；

(4) cave plant is excavated in field management in the soil, and 15-20 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied in every cave, and the base fertilizer is by following Constitutive material weight ratio mixes, formula: urea 85, expanded perlite 45, nano-attapulgite 55, quick lime 14, Glycine 0.7, glutamic acid 1.5, humic acid potassium 3 and citric acid 1.5；Base fertilizer is filled out in root when plant, is banketed above, after transplanting Continuous water injection 2-3 times keeps the loose no weeds in field in combination with weeding, and top dressing combines tillage and weeding on the basis of using sufficient base manure Top dressing carried out to fructus arctii, the 1st time after freeze-up with Chicken dung 220kg/ mu and urea 25kg/ mus, be spread on ground；2nd is inferior to When plant starts bolting, urea 18kg, 11kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 1.5kg/ mus of ammonium molybdate and 0.8kg/ mus of magnesium sulfate, top dressing are applied After to water in time；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented and treated according to a conventional method.

The great burdock achene per mu yield planted through the foregoing embodiment is up to 400-550kg/ mus, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is down to 1.3- 1.5%.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of cultural method of great burdock achene, it is characterised in that including the following contents:

(1) selection of land, site preparation, selection topography is higher, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, rich humus-containing chiltern earth Soil ploughs deeply soil 25-35cm, then applies 90-100kg/ mus of soil conditioner into soil, the soil conditioner by Following compositing formula composition: peat soil 10-15, calcium carbonate 5-7, urea 2-3, calcium superphosphate 10-12, ferrous sulfate 6-8, chlorine Change magnesium 4-5, acrylamide 15-20, straw powder 10-12, sodium peroxydisulfate 0.1-0.2, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 0.1-0.3, carboxymethyl cellulose Plain 1-2, nanometer spherical ferroferric oxide magnetic powder 3-4 and EM bacteria agent 0.01-0.02；

(2) seed selection, nursery select the novel species of full seed, no disease and pests harm, are first impregnated 10-12 hours with 20-30 DEG C of warm water, It is placed under 3-5 DEG C of low temperature and handles 15-20 hours, then soaked seed 20-30 minutes with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, is put into after taking-up 7-8 is impregnated in the gibberellin of sodium bicarbonate, 0.2-0.3% containing 0.1-0.2% and the chloroethene mixed alkoxide solution of 0.1-0.3% Hour, finally steeped 8-10 hours with clear water；

(3) it transplants, can be transplanted in the fall after nursery, seedling slightly field soil is dug out out of seedling furrow, is dug by distance between rows and hills 60cm × 45cm Cave；Depth is identical as depth former in furrow, bankets and treads, is watered with root water and is survived with protecting；

(4) cave plant is excavated in field management in the soil, and 15-20 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied in every cave, and the base fertilizer is made of following Parts by weight of raw materials ratio mixes, formula: urea 80-90, expanded perlite 40-50, nano-attapulgite 50-60, raw stone Grey 13-15, glycine 0.5-0.8, glutamic acid 1-2, humic acid potassium 2-4 and citric acid 1-2；Base fertilizer is filled out in root when plant, It bankets above, continuous water injection 2-3 times after transplanting keeps the loose no weeds in field in combination with weeding, and top dressing is in the base for using sufficient base manure Tillage and weeding is combined to carry out top dressing to fructus arctii on plinth, the 1st time after freeze-up with Chicken dung 200-250kg/ mus and urea 20- 30kg/ mus, it is spread on ground；2nd inferior to plant start bolting when, apply urea 15-20kg, 10-12kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), molybdic acid It 1-2kg/ mus and magnesium sulfate 0.5-1.0kg/ mus of ammonium, to water in time after top dressing；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented and treated according to a conventional method.