CN109718905B

CN109718905B - High-efficient sorting device of domestic waste

Info

Publication number: CN109718905B
Application number: CN201910078511.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Chongqing Waiyu Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Waiyu Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-01-28
Filing date: 2019-01-28
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-28
Also published as: CN109718905A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency sorting device for household garbage, which comprises a box body; the device further comprises a feeding unit, a connecting unit, a crushing unit, a blowing unit, a fixing column, a fixing shaft, a fixing disc, an elastic sheet, a first filter screen and a controller. The motor is driven to convey the household garbage into the box body during the rotation of the first belt, and the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks adsorb iron substances in the household garbage to realize one-time sorting; simultaneously, through mutually supporting between electromagnetism piece, magnetic rack and a gear for a axle rotates, and crushing unit carries out the breakage to domestic waste, and through the mutually supporting between blast air unit and crushing unit, realizes sorting once more to domestic waste, thereby has improved domestic waste letter sorting effect.

Description

High-efficient sorting device of domestic waste

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency household garbage sorting device.

Background

With the improvement of living standard and the acceleration of urbanization process of people, the production amount of domestic garbage is increased dramatically. At present, the garbage classification is attempted to be concentrated by units, available plastics, metals and the like are sorted out, organic matters are composted to produce organic fertilizers and the like, manual sorting is needed, the working environment is severe, the efficiency is low, the harmless degree is limited, and the garbage classification is difficult to popularize and apply.

The technical scheme of the high-efficiency household garbage sorting device also appears in the prior art, and a Chinese patent with application number 2017100888401 discloses a sorting device for sorting and disposing household garbage and a sorting and disposing method thereof, wherein the sorting device comprises a horizontal tank body, a feeding hole is formed in the upper portion of the left end of the tank body, a stirring rotating shaft is axially arranged in the tank body along the center, a material guide mechanism is arranged on the stirring rotating shaft close to the right end, and a plurality of groups of crushing and stirring paddles with hammer heads arranged at the end parts are arranged in the middle and at the left end of the stirring rotating shaft; one section of the tank body corresponding to the crushing stirring paddle is divided into an upper crushing area A and a lower screening area B, wherein a toothed plate extending opposite to the rotating direction of the hammer head is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body of the upper crushing area A, a plurality of sieve holes are distributed on the wall surface of the tank body of the lower screening area B, and a plastic bag material outlet is formed in the bottom of the right end of the tank body corresponding to the position of the material guide mechanism.

According to the technical scheme, the sorting device for sorting and disposing the household garbage and the sorting and disposing method thereof can be used for crushing and sorting the household garbage. In the technical scheme, the crushing strength of the sorting device on the household garbage is low, so that the plastics and the sludge in the household garbage are not easy to separate, and the sorting effect of the household garbage is influenced; meanwhile, a conveying mechanism of the household garbage is not arranged, so that the sorting efficiency of the household garbage is influenced; so that the technical solution is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the problems that the household garbage is not fully crushed and a household garbage conveying mechanism is not arranged are solved; the invention provides a high-efficiency sorting device for household garbage.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to an efficient sorting device for household garbage, which comprises a box body; the device comprises a feeding unit, a connecting unit, a crushing unit, a blowing unit, a fixing column, a fixing shaft, a fixing disc, an elastic sheet, a first filter screen and a controller; the bottom of the box body is provided with an opening, the side wall of the box body is provided with a first outlet, and the side wall of the box body is provided with crushing teeth; the feeding unit is used for conveying the household garbage into the box body and comprises a first wheel, a second wheel, a first belt and an electromagnetic block; the first wheel is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate through a rotating shaft, the first wheel rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the motor, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the box body; the second wheel is rotatably arranged on the box body through a rotating shaft; the first belt is used for driving the first wheel and the second wheel; the electromagnetic blocks are fixedly connected to the first belt, and the electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the first belt discontinuously; the connecting unit is positioned in the box body and comprises a first shaft, a first gear, a magnetic rack, a fixing plate and a first air bag; one end of the first shaft is rotatably mounted at the top of the box body, the other end of the first shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed column, the first shaft penetrates through the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body, and a sliding groove is formed in the top surface of the fixed plate; the first gear is positioned above the fixing plate and sleeved on the first shaft outer ring; the magnetic rack is positioned in the sliding groove, the end part of the magnetic rack is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body through a first air bag and a spring, the spring is positioned on two sides of the first air bag, and the magnetic rack is meshed with the first gear; the magnetic rack and the electromagnetic block are attracted by magnetic force, and the first shaft rotates through the mutual matching of the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic block, the magnetic rack and the first gear; a first groove is formed in the fixing column; one end of the fixed shaft is positioned at the first groove and fixedly connected to the fixed column through a spring, the other end of the fixed shaft is contacted with the first filter screen, and two ends of the first filter screen are fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body; the crushing unit is respectively arranged on the outer rings of the fixing column and the fixing shaft and comprises a first air cylinder, a first rod, a second rod and a crushing column; the crushing columns are respectively hinged on the outer rings of the fixing column and the fixing shaft and are distributed circumferentially, and the number of the crushing columns on one side of the fixing column and the number of the crushing columns on one side of the fixing shaft are at least two; the first air cylinder is positioned between the adjacent crushing columns and fixedly connected to the fixed column and the outer ring of the fixed shaft respectively; one ends of the first rod and the second rod are hinged to the end part of the first cylinder, and the other ends of the first rod and the second rod are respectively hinged to the crushing column; the fixed disc is sleeved on the outer ring of the fixed shaft; one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the fixed disc, and the other end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the crushing column positioned at the lowest part of the fixed column; the fixing shaft moves downwards through the mutual matching of the first air cylinder, the crushing column, the fixing disc and the elastic sheet, so that the crushed household garbage can be accelerated to pass through the first filter screen; the air blowing unit is positioned below the first filter screen, is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the box body and comprises a second shaft, an impeller, a rotating fan and a cam; one end of the second shaft is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the box body, the other end of the second shaft is fixedly connected with the cam, a plurality of through holes are formed in the cam, and the diameter of each through hole is far larger than the aperture of the first filter screen; the impeller and the rotating fan are sleeved on the second shaft outer ring, and gas generated by the movement of the fixed shaft at the first groove acts on the impeller to enable the rotating fan to rotate and blow plastics in the household garbage out of the first outlet; the crushing unit is positioned below the air blowing unit and comprises a first plate, a second filter screen, a crushing block and a first spring; the first plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body through a first spring, the first spring is arranged in a hollow mode, two ends of the first plate are connected with the side wall of the box body in a sliding mode, the first plate is arranged in an inclined mode, and a group of first holes are uniformly formed in the first plate; the crushing blocks are positioned between adjacent first holes and fixedly connected to the first plate; no. two filter screens are located the opening part, and both ends slope joint on the opening lateral wall, and the aperture of No. two filter screens is less than a filter screen aperture, and the aperture size of a hole and a filter screen equals, through the motion of a cam extrusion board, smashes No. two filter screens of piece cooperation and grinds. The domestic garbage is mainly treated by a landfill method and an incineration power generation method, but a plurality of articles exist in the domestic garbage, and the domestic garbage is inconvenient to be uniformly buried or incinerated, and a garbage sorting device exists in the prior art, but the existing garbage sorting device has defects, on one hand, the garbage sorting device in the prior art has small crushing strength on the domestic garbage, so that plastics and sludge in the domestic garbage are not easy to separate, and the sorting effect of the domestic garbage is influenced; meanwhile, a conveying mechanism of the household garbage is not arranged, so that the sorting efficiency of the household garbage is influenced; on the other hand, in the prior art, a gas power source generated in the process of crushing the household garbage is not utilized, but additional power equipment is added, so that the manufacturing cost of the sorting device is increased; the invention is provided with a feeding unit, a connecting unit, a crushing unit, a blowing unit, a fixing column, a fixing shaft, a fixing disc, an elastic sheet, a first filter screen and a controller; on one hand, the motor is driven to convey the household garbage into the box body during the rotation of the first belt, and the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks adsorb iron substances in the household garbage to realize one-time sorting; meanwhile, the first shaft rotates through the mutual matching among the electromagnetic block, the magnetic rack and the first gear, the crushing unit crushes the household garbage, and the secondary sorting of the household garbage is realized through the mutual matching between the air blowing unit and the crushing unit, so that the household garbage sorting effect is improved; on the other hand, the gas power source that produces in will sorting domestic waste avoids increasing extra power equipment to reduce sorting device's manufacturing cost, simultaneously, improved resource utilization.

Firstly, the household garbage to be sorted is placed on a first belt, at the moment, a motor is driven, the motor drives a rotating shaft on the first wheel to rotate, so that the first wheel rotates, the household garbage is conveyed into a box body in the first belt rotation through the action of the first wheel and a second wheel, and iron substances in the household garbage are adsorbed by discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks when the household garbage is placed on the first belt, so that the one-time sorting of the household garbage is realized; meanwhile, in the rotation of the first belt, when the electromagnetic block and the magnetic rack are on the same horizontal plane, the magnetic rack moves to one side close to the first belt due to the magnetic attraction between the electromagnetic block and the magnetic rack, the first air bag is pulled by the magnetic rack, the first air bag is pulled to blow air outwards, and the blown air acts on the first air cylinder; meanwhile, under the mutual matching between the magnetic rack and the first gear, the first shaft rotates; when the electromagnetic block and the magnetic rack are not on the same plane, the magnetic rack is reset under the action of the spring, so that the first shaft rotates reversely; the crushing units are respectively arranged on the fixed column and the fixed shaft, the first shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed column, the crushing columns are matched with the crushing teeth on the side wall of the box body to crush the domestic garbage, meanwhile, gas blown out by the first air bag acts on the first air cylinder, the first air cylinder pushes the first rod and the second rod to move towards one side close to the side wall of the box body under the action of the gas, and when the first rod and the second rod rotate to the same vertical direction, the adjacent crushing columns move towards one side away from each other; when the gas is stopped being conveyed to the first cylinder, the crushing columns move to one side close to each other under the action of the first cylinder, the first rod and the second rod; the domestic garbage is crushed again through the up-and-down swing of the crushing column; when the adjacent crushing columns move towards the sides far away from each other, the elastic sheet pushes the fixed shaft to move towards the side close to the first filter screen, so that the first filter screen shakes, the crushed household garbage is accelerated to pass through the first filter screen, and gas generated by the fixed shaft in the first groove moves acts on the impeller, so that the impeller rotates; when broken household garbage falls from the first filter screen, the impeller drives the second shaft to rotate, so that the rotating fan rotates, the rotating fan blows plastic in the household garbage out of the first filter screen, secondary sorting of the household garbage is realized, the un-blown plastic falls from the first filter screen to the second filter screen along with broken sludge, the plastic and the broken sludge cannot immediately fall from the second filter screen due to the fact that the aperture of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the first filter screen, the cam rotates in the second shaft, the rotating cam enables the first filter screen to shake to accelerate the household garbage to fall from the first filter screen, the first plate moves to one side close to the second filter screen, the first spring is extruded to blow air, the crushing block presses the sludge under the matching of the crushing block and the second filter screen, and the sludge is crushed and falls from the second filter screen, and the plastics of No. two filter screen departments keep the former state under smashing pressing down of piece, and plastics continue to stay No. two filter screen departments, because No. two filter screen network cards connect on the through-hole lateral wall, after the separation is followed completely to sediment mud, No. two filter screens of taking down, take away the plastics of No. two filter screen departments from the box, realize domestic waste's letter sorting once more, through carrying out the three-layer letter sorting to domestic waste letter sorting effect has been improved.

Preferably, the first wheel consists of a second cylinder, a third wheel and an arc block; the number of the arc-shaped blocks is four and the arc-shaped blocks are distributed in a circumference manner; no. two cylinder one ends link firmly with the arc piece, and the No. two cylinder other ends link firmly on No. three rounds of outer circles, and No. three rounds of rotation are installed on the mounting panel through the pivot, and the gas that produces through the spring with cavity setting receives the extrusion acts on No. two cylinders for a belt shake. According to the invention, the first wheel is composed of the second cylinder, the third wheel and the arc-shaped block, on one hand, gas generated by extrusion of the hollow first spring is utilized, and additional power sources are avoided, so that the utilization rate of resources is improved; on the other hand promotes the arc piece through No. two cylinders and makes a round trip to move for the shake takes place for a belt, accelerates domestic waste to enter into in the box, thereby has improved domestic waste letter sorting efficiency.

Preferably, the crushing column consists of a first column and a second column; one end of the first column is hinged to the fixed column and the fixed shaft outer ring respectively, and the other end of the first column is provided with a second groove; no. two posts are located No. two groove departments and link firmly on a post through the spring, a pole and No. two poles articulate respectively on No. two posts, through the cooperation between a cylinder, a pole and No. two poles, increase domestic waste's broken scope. According to the household garbage crusher, the crushing column is composed of the first column and the second column, the second column moves towards one side close to the side wall of the box body through the pushing of the first air cylinder, and when the first column swings under the action of the first rod and the second rod, the second column continues to move towards one side close to the side wall of the box body, so that the second column is matched with the crushing teeth to crush household garbage, the crushing range of the household garbage is enlarged, and the crushing effect of the household garbage is improved.

Preferably, broken pieces are arranged at the end part of the second column; the sectional shape of the broken blocks is fan-shaped, and the breaking strength of the household garbage is increased by the broken blocks with fan-shaped sections. According to the invention, the section of the broken block is designed into a fan shape, when the broken block swings in the vertical direction, the plastic in the household garbage is broken at the positions a and b on the fan-shaped broken block, and the sludge in the household garbage is broken when the broken block is opened, so that the breaking effect of the household garbage is improved.

Preferably, the crushing block is provided with a first area, and the first area is provided with a drying unit; the drying unit comprises an arc-shaped plate, a heating block and a spray head; the arc-shaped plate is positioned at the first area, and two ends of the arc-shaped plate are connected with the side wall of the first area in a sliding manner; the heating blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first area; the quantity of shower nozzle is seven at least, and the shower nozzle links firmly on the arc, through the gas that produces with No. two post movements in No. two grooves department to regional No. one, through the cooperation between hot plate and shower nozzle, with hot-blast blowout to domestic waste dry. Because some moisture exists in the household garbage, the sorting efficiency of the household garbage is influenced in the process of crushing and sorting the household garbage; according to the invention, the drying unit is arranged and comprises an arc-shaped plate, a heating block and a spray head; on one hand, the gas generated by the second column moving at the second groove is utilized, so that the loss of the gas is avoided, and the resource utilization rate is improved; on the other hand, the gas in the first area is heated under the action of the heating plate, so that the heated gas is sprayed out from the spray head to dry the domestic garbage by hot gas, and the sorting effect of the domestic garbage is improved; meanwhile, the movement of the arc-shaped plate is controlled through hot air, so that the damage to the spray head caused by the sludge in the household garbage is avoided, and the service life of the spray head is prolonged.

Preferably, a discharge pipe is arranged at the first outlet; the inner wall of the discharge pipe is made of the ground hard alloy, so that the sliding of plastics in the household garbage from the inner wall of the discharge pipe is accelerated. When the plastic in the household garbage is blown away from the box body for collection, the plastic can fly everywhere; according to the invention, the discharge pipe is arranged, and the inner wall of the discharge pipe is made of the ground hard alloy, so that the surface of the ground hard alloy is very smooth, plastics can slide to the collection position along the inner wall of the discharge pipe, the flying of the plastics is avoided, the collection effect of the plastics in the household garbage is improved, and meanwhile, the cleanliness of the plastic collection position is improved.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the efficient sorting device for the household garbage is energy-saving and environment-friendly, is convenient to use, utilizes a gas power source generated in the sorting of the household garbage, and avoids adding extra power equipment, so that the manufacturing cost of the sorting device is reduced, the resource utilization rate is improved, and the efficient sorting device has larger market space.

2. According to the efficient household garbage sorting device, the motor is driven, so that household garbage is conveyed into the box body in the rotation of the first belt, and iron substances in the household garbage are adsorbed by the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks, so that one-time sorting is realized; simultaneously, through mutually supporting between electromagnetism piece, magnetic rack and a gear for a axle rotates, and crushing unit carries out the breakage to domestic waste, and through the mutually supporting between blast air unit and crushing unit, realizes sorting once more to domestic waste, thereby has improved domestic waste letter sorting effect.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at D;

in the figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a fixed column 11, a fixed shaft 12, a fixed disc 13, an elastic sheet 14, a first filter screen 15, a first outlet 16, a discharge pipe 17, a feeding unit 2, a first wheel 21, a second cylinder 211, a third wheel 212, an arc-shaped block 213, a second wheel 22, a first belt 23, an electromagnetic block 24, a connecting unit 3, a first shaft 31, a first gear 32, a magnetic rack 33, a first air bag 34, a crushing unit 4, a first cylinder 41, a first rod 42, a second rod 43, a crushing column 44, a first column 441, a second column 442, a crushing block 443, a crushing unit 5, a first plate 51, a second filter screen 52, a crushing block 53, a first spring 54, an air blowing unit 6, a second shaft 61, an impeller 62, a rotating fan 63, a cam 64, a drying unit 7, an arc-shaped plate 71, a heating block 72 and a spray head 73.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the efficient sorting device for household garbage according to the present invention comprises a box 1; the crushing device further comprises a feeding unit 2, a connecting unit 3, a crushing unit 4, a crushing unit 5, a blowing unit 6, a fixing column 11, a fixing shaft 12, a fixing disc 13, a spring sheet 14, a first filter screen 15 and a controller; an opening is formed in the bottom of the box body 1, a first outlet 16 is formed in the side wall of the box body 1, and crushing teeth are arranged on the side wall of the box body 1; the feeding unit 2 is used for conveying household garbage into the box body 1, and the feeding unit 2 comprises a first wheel 21, a second wheel 22, a first belt 23 and an electromagnetic block 24; the first wheel 21 is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft of the first wheel 21 is fixedly connected with the motor, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the box body 1; the second wheel 22 is rotatably arranged on the box body 1 through a rotating shaft; the first belt 23 is used for driving the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22; the electromagnetic blocks 24 are fixedly connected to the first belt 23, and the electromagnetic blocks 24 are arranged on the first belt 23 discontinuously; the connecting unit 3 is positioned in the box body 1, and the connecting unit 3 comprises a first shaft 31, a first gear 32, a magnetic rack 33, a fixing plate and a first air bag 34; one end of the first shaft 31 is rotatably installed at the top of the box body 1, the other end of the first shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the fixed column 11, the first shaft 31 penetrates through the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body 1, and a sliding groove is formed in the top surface of the fixed plate; the first gear 32 is positioned above the fixing plate, and the first gear 32 is sleeved on the outer ring of the first shaft 31; the magnetic rack 33 is positioned in the sliding groove, the end part of the magnetic rack 33 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body 1 through the first air bag 34 and the springs, the springs are positioned on two sides of the first air bag 34, and the magnetic rack 33 is meshed with the first gear 32; the magnetic rack 33 and the electromagnetic block 24 have magnetic attraction, and the first shaft 31 rotates through the mutual matching of the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic block 24, the magnetic rack 33 and the first gear 32; a first groove is formed in the fixing column 11; one end of the fixed shaft 12 is positioned at the first groove and fixedly connected to the fixed column 11 through a spring, the other end of the fixed shaft 12 is contacted with the first filter screen 15, and two ends of the first filter screen 15 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body 1; the crushing unit 4 is respectively arranged on the outer rings of the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12, and the crushing unit 4 comprises a first air cylinder 41, a first rod 42, a second rod 43 and a crushing column 44; the crushing columns 44 are respectively hinged on the outer rings of the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12 and are distributed in a circumferential manner, and the number of the crushing columns 44 on one side of the fixed column 11 and one side of the fixed shaft 12 is at least two; the first air cylinder 41 is positioned between the adjacent crushing columns 44, and the first air cylinders 41 are fixedly connected to the outer rings of the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12 respectively; one ends of the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 are hinged to the end part of the first cylinder 41, and the other ends of the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 are respectively hinged to the crushing column 44; the fixed disc 13 is sleeved on the outer ring of the fixed shaft 12; one end of the elastic sheet 14 is fixedly connected to the fixed disc 13, and the other end of the elastic sheet 14 is fixedly connected to the crushing column 44 positioned at the lowest part of the fixed column 11; the first cylinder 41, the crushing column 44, the fixed disc 13 and the elastic sheet 14 are matched with each other, and the fixed shaft 12 moves downwards to accelerate the crushed household garbage to pass through the first filter screen 15; the air blowing unit 6 is positioned below the first filter screen 15, the air blowing unit 6 is rotatably installed on the side wall of the box body 1, and the air blowing unit 6 comprises a second shaft 61, an impeller 62, a rotating fan 63 and a cam 64; one end of the second shaft 61 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the box body 1, the other end of the second shaft 61 is fixedly connected with the cam 64, the cam 64 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of each through hole is far larger than the aperture of the first filter screen 15; the impeller 62 and the rotating fan 63 are sleeved on the outer ring of the second shaft 61, and the rotating fan 63 rotates by acting the gas generated by the movement of the fixed shaft 12 at the first groove on the impeller 62 and blowing out the plastics in the household garbage from the first outlet 16; the crushing unit 5 is positioned below the air blowing unit 6, and the crushing unit 5 comprises a first plate 51, a second filter screen 52, a crushing block 53 and a first spring 54; the first plate 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body 1 through a first spring 54, the first spring 54 is arranged in a hollow mode, two ends of the first plate 51 are connected with the side wall of the box body 1 in a sliding mode, the first plate 51 is arranged in an inclined mode, and a group of first holes are uniformly formed in the first plate 51; the crushing blocks 53 are positioned between adjacent first holes, and the crushing blocks 53 are fixedly connected to the first plate 51; no. two filter screens 52 are located the opening part, and both ends slope joint on the opening lateral wall, and the aperture of No. two filter screens 52 is less than a filter screen 15 aperture, and the aperture size of a hole and a filter screen 15 equals, extrudees a board 51 motion through cam 64, smashes piece 53 and cooperates No. two filter screens 52 to grind. The domestic garbage is mainly treated by a landfill method and an incineration power generation method, but a plurality of articles exist in the domestic garbage, and the domestic garbage is inconvenient to be uniformly buried or incinerated, and a garbage sorting device exists in the prior art, but the existing garbage sorting device has defects, on one hand, the garbage sorting device in the prior art has small crushing strength on the domestic garbage, so that plastics and sludge in the domestic garbage are not easy to separate, and the sorting effect of the domestic garbage is influenced; meanwhile, a conveying mechanism of the household garbage is not arranged, so that the sorting efficiency of the household garbage is influenced; on the other hand, in the prior art, a gas power source generated in the process of crushing the household garbage is not utilized, but additional power equipment is added, so that the manufacturing cost of the sorting device is increased; the invention is provided with a feeding unit 2, a connecting unit 3, a crushing unit 4, a crushing unit 5, a blowing unit 6, a fixed column 11, a fixed shaft 12, a fixed disk 13, a spring sheet 14, a first filter screen 15 and a controller; on one hand, the motor is driven to convey the household garbage into the box body 1 when the first belt 23 rotates, and the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks 24 adsorb iron substances in the household garbage to realize one-time sorting; meanwhile, the first shaft 31 rotates through the mutual matching among the electromagnetic block 24, the magnetic rack 33 and the first gear 32, the crushing unit 4 crushes the household garbage, and the household garbage is sorted again through the mutual matching between the air blowing unit 6 and the crushing unit 5, so that the household garbage sorting effect is improved; on the other hand, the gas power source that produces in will sorting domestic waste avoids increasing extra power equipment to reduce sorting device's manufacturing cost, simultaneously, improved resource utilization.

Firstly, the household garbage to be sorted is placed on a first belt 23, at the moment, a motor is driven, the motor drives a rotating shaft on a first wheel 21 to rotate, the first wheel 21 rotates, the household garbage is conveyed into a box body 1 through the rotation of the first belt 23 under the action of the first wheel 21 and a second wheel 22, and when the household garbage is placed on the first belt 23, iron substances in the household garbage are adsorbed by an electromagnetic block 24 which is arranged discontinuously, so that the one-time sorting of the household garbage is realized; meanwhile, in the rotation of the first belt 23, when the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33 are on the same horizontal plane, the magnetic rack 33 moves to the side close to the first belt 23 due to the magnetic attraction between the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33, the magnetic rack 33 pulls the first air bag 34, the first air bag 34 is pulled to inflate outwards, and the inflated air acts on the first air cylinder 41; meanwhile, the first shaft 31 is rotated under the mutual matching between the magnetic rack 33 and the first gear 32; when the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33 are not in the same plane, the magnetic rack 33 is reset under the action of the spring, so that the first shaft 31 rotates reversely; because the crushing unit 4 is respectively arranged on the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12, the first shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the fixed column 11, the crushing column 44 is matched with the crushing teeth on the side wall of the box body 1 to crush the domestic garbage, meanwhile, because the gas blown out by the first air bag 34 acts on the first air cylinder 41, the first air cylinder 41 pushes the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 to move towards one side close to the side wall of the box body 1 under the action of the gas, and when the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 rotate to the same vertical direction, the adjacent crushing columns 44 move towards one side away from each other; when the gas supply to the first cylinder 41 is stopped, the crushing columns 44 are moved to the side close to each other under the action of the first cylinder 41, the first rod 42 and the second rod 43; the domestic garbage is crushed again through the up-and-down swing of the crushing column 44; when the adjacent crushing columns 44 move towards the sides far away from each other, the elastic sheets 14 push the fixing shaft 12 to move towards the side close to the first filter screen 15, so that the first filter screen 15 shakes, the crushed household garbage is accelerated to pass through the first filter screen 15, and gas generated by the fixing shaft 12 in the first groove movement acts on the impeller 62, so that the impeller 62 rotates; when the crushed household garbage falls from the first filter screen 15, the impeller 62 drives the second shaft 61 to rotate, so that the rotating fan 63 rotates, the rotating fan 63 blows plastics in the household garbage out of the first outlet 16, secondary sorting of the household garbage is realized, the un-blown plastics fall from the first filter screen 52 along with the crushed sludge, the un-blown plastics and the crushed sludge cannot immediately fall from the second filter screen 52 because the aperture of the second filter screen 52 is smaller than that of the first filter screen 15, the cam 64 rotates during rotation of the second shaft 61, the rotating cam 64 not only shakes the first filter screen 15 to accelerate the household garbage to fall from the first filter screen 15, but also enables the first plate 51 to move to the side close to the second filter screen 52, the first spring 54 is extruded to blow outwards, and under the matching of the crushing block 53 and the second filter screen 52, smash piece 53 and press down the sediment, make the sediment smash and drop from No. two filter screens 52, and the plastics of No. two filter screens 52 departments keep the former state under smashing pressing down of piece 53, plastics continue to stay No. two filter screens 52 departments, because No. two filter screens 52 joints are on the through-hole lateral wall, after the sediment is totally followed the separation, No. two filter screens 52 take down, take away the plastics of No. two filter screens 52 departments from box 1, realize domestic waste's letter sorting once more, through carrying out the three-layer letter sorting to domestic waste, thereby domestic waste letter sorting effect has been improved.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the first wheel 21 is composed of a second cylinder 211, a third wheel 212 and an arc-shaped block 213; the number of the arc-shaped blocks 213 is four and the arc-shaped blocks are distributed circumferentially; no. two cylinder 211 one end links firmly with arc piece 213, and No. two cylinder 211 other ends link firmly on No. three wheel 212 outer races, and No. three wheel 212 rotates through the pivot and installs on the mounting panel, and the gas that produces through receiving the extrusion with a hollow setting spring 54 acts on No. two cylinders 211 for a belt 23 shakes. According to the invention, the first wheel 21 consists of the second cylinder 211, the third wheel 212 and the arc-shaped block 213, on one hand, the gas generated by extruding the hollow first spring 54 is utilized, and the additional power source is avoided, so that the utilization rate of resources is improved; on the other hand, promote arc piece 213 through No. two cylinders 211 and make a round trip to move for belt 23 takes place the shake, accelerates domestic waste to enter into in the box 1, thereby has improved domestic waste letter sorting efficiency.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the crushing column 44 is composed of a first column 441 and a second column 442; one end of the first column 441 is hinged to the outer rings of the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12 respectively, and the other end of the first column 441 is provided with a second groove; the second column 442 is located at the second groove and is fixedly connected to the first column 441 through a spring, the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 are hinged to the second column 442 respectively, and the crushing range of the household garbage is enlarged through the matching among the first cylinder 41, the first rod 42 and the second rod 43. According to the household garbage crusher, the crushing column 44 is composed of the first column 441 and the second column 442, the second column 442 moves towards one side close to the side wall of the box body 1 through the pushing of the first air cylinder 41, and the second column 442 continues to move towards one side close to the side wall of the box body 1 when the first column 441 swings under the action of the first rod 42 and the second rod 43, so that the second column 442 is matched with the crushing teeth to crush the household garbage, the crushing range of the household garbage is enlarged, and the crushing effect of the household garbage is improved.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second column 442 is provided with a breaking block 443 at the end; the sectional shape of the broken fragments 443 is fan-shaped, and the breaking strength of the domestic garbage is increased by the broken fragments 443 with fan-shaped sections. According to the invention, the section of the broken fragment 443 is designed into a fan shape, when the broken fragment 443 swings in the vertical direction, the plastic in the household garbage is broken at the positions a and b on the fan-shaped broken fragment 443, and the sludge in the household garbage is broken when the household garbage is put through, so that the breaking effect of the household garbage is improved.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a first region is provided on the crushing block 443, and a drying unit 7 is provided at the first region; the drying unit 7 comprises an arc-shaped plate 71, a heating block 72 and a spray head 73; the arc-shaped plate 71 is positioned in the first area, and two ends of the arc-shaped plate 71 are slidably connected with the side wall of the first area; the heating blocks 72 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first area; the number of the spray heads 73 is at least seven, the spray heads 73 are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate 71, air generated by the movement of the second column 442 at the second groove is conveyed to the first area, and hot air is sprayed out to dry the household garbage through the matching between the heating plate and the spray heads 73. Because some moisture exists in the household garbage, the sorting efficiency of the household garbage is influenced in the process of crushing and sorting the household garbage; according to the invention, the drying unit 7 is arranged, and the drying unit 7 comprises an arc-shaped plate 71, a heating block 72 and a spray head 73; on one hand, the gas generated by the second column 442 moving in the second groove is utilized, so that the loss of the gas is avoided, and the resource utilization rate is improved; on the other hand, the gas in the first area is heated under the action of the heating plate, so that the heated gas is sprayed out from the spray head 73, and the domestic garbage is subjected to hot gas drying, so that the sorting effect of the domestic garbage is improved; meanwhile, the movement of the arc-shaped plate 71 is controlled by hot air, so that the damage to the spray head 73 caused by the sludge in the household garbage is avoided, and the service life of the spray head 73 is prolonged.

As an embodiment of the invention, a discharge pipe 17 is arranged at the first outlet 16; the inner wall of the discharge pipe 17 is made of ground hard alloy, so that the sliding of plastics in the household garbage from the inner wall of the discharge pipe 17 is accelerated. When the plastics in the domestic garbage are blown away from the box body 1 for collection, the plastics can fly everywhere; according to the invention, the discharge pipe 17 is arranged, and the inner wall of the discharge pipe 17 is made of the ground hard alloy, so that the surface of the ground hard alloy is very smooth, plastics can slide to the collection position along the inner wall of the discharge pipe 17, the flying of the plastics is avoided, the collection effect of the plastics in the household garbage is improved, and meanwhile, the cleanliness of the plastic collection position is improved.

When the household garbage sorting machine works, firstly, household garbage to be sorted is placed on the first belt 23, at the moment, the motor is driven, the motor drives the rotating shaft on the first wheel 21 to rotate, so that the first wheel 21 rotates, the household garbage is conveyed into the box body 1 through the rotation of the first belt 23 under the action of the first wheel 21 and the second wheel 22, and when the household garbage is placed on the first belt 23, the metal substances in the household garbage are adsorbed by the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic blocks 24, so that the one-time sorting of the household garbage is realized; meanwhile, in the rotation of the first belt 23, when the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33 are on the same horizontal plane, the magnetic rack 33 moves to the side close to the first belt 23 due to the magnetic attraction between the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33, the magnetic rack 33 pulls the first air bag 34, the first air bag 34 is pulled to inflate outwards, and the inflated air acts on the first air cylinder 41; meanwhile, the first shaft 31 is rotated under the mutual matching between the magnetic rack 33 and the first gear 32; when the electromagnetic block 24 and the magnetic rack 33 are not in the same plane, the magnetic rack 33 is reset under the action of the spring, so that the first shaft 31 rotates reversely; because the crushing unit 4 is respectively installed on the fixed column 11 and the fixed shaft 12, the first shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the fixed column 11, the crushing column 44 is matched with the crushing teeth on the side wall of the box body 1 to crush the domestic garbage, meanwhile, because the gas blown out by the first air bag 34 acts on the first air cylinder 41, the first air cylinder 41 pushes the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 to move towards one side close to the side wall of the box body 1 under the action of the gas, when the first rod 42 and the second rod 43 rotate to the same vertical direction, the adjacent first columns 441 move towards one side away from each other, and when the gas is continuously conveyed, the second columns 442 move towards one side away from the first columns 441, so that the crushing range of the domestic garbage is enlarged, and the gas generated in the movement is heated to dry the domestic garbage; when the gas supply to the first cylinder 41 is stopped, the crushing columns 44 are moved to the side close to each other under the action of the first cylinder 41, the first rod 42 and the second rod 43; the domestic garbage is crushed again through the up-and-down swing of the crushing column 44; when the adjacent crushing columns 44 move towards the sides far away from each other, the elastic sheets 14 push the fixing shaft 12 to move towards the side close to the first filter screen 15, so that the first filter screen 15 shakes, the crushed household garbage is accelerated to pass through the first filter screen 15, and gas generated by the fixing shaft 12 in the first groove movement acts on the impeller 62, so that the impeller 62 rotates; when the crushed household garbage falls from the first filter screen 15, the impeller 62 drives the second shaft 61 to rotate, so that the rotating fan 63 rotates, the rotating fan 63 blows plastics in the household garbage out of the first outlet 16, secondary sorting of the household garbage is realized, the un-blown plastics fall from the first filter screen 52 along with the crushed sludge, the un-blown plastics and the crushed sludge cannot immediately fall from the second filter screen 52 because the aperture of the second filter screen 52 is smaller than that of the first filter screen 15, the cam 64 rotates during rotation of the second shaft 61, the rotating cam 64 not only shakes the first filter screen 15 to accelerate the household garbage to fall from the first filter screen 15, but also enables the first plate 51 to move to the side close to the second filter screen 52, the first spring 54 is extruded to blow outwards, and under the matching of the crushing block 53 and the second filter screen 52, smash piece 53 and press down the sediment, make the sediment smash and drop from No. two filter screens 52, and the plastics of No. two filter screens 52 departments keep the former state under smashing pressing down of piece 53, plastics continue to stay No. two filter screens 52 departments, because No. two filter screens 52 joints are on the through-hole lateral wall, after the sediment is totally followed the separation, No. two filter screens 52 take down, take away the plastics of No. two filter screens 52 departments from box 1, realize domestic waste's letter sorting once more, through carrying out the three-layer letter sorting to domestic waste, thereby domestic waste letter sorting effect has been improved.

The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on figure 1 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient sorting device for household garbage comprises a box body (1); the method is characterized in that: the device is characterized by also comprising a feeding unit (2), a connecting unit (3), a crushing unit (4), a crushing unit (5), a blowing unit (6), a fixing column (11), a fixing shaft (12), a fixing disc (13), an elastic sheet (14), a first filter screen (15) and a controller; an opening is formed in the bottom of the box body (1), a first outlet (16) is formed in the side wall of the box body (1), and crushing teeth are arranged on the side wall of the box body (1); the feeding unit (2) is used for conveying household garbage into the box body (1), and the feeding unit (2) comprises a first wheel (21), a second wheel (22), a first belt (23) and an electromagnetic block (24); the first wheel (21) is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft of the first wheel (21) is fixedly connected with the motor, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the box body (1); the second wheel (22) is rotatably arranged on the box body (1) through a rotating shaft; the first belt (23) is used for driving the first wheel (21) and the second wheel (22); the electromagnetic blocks (24) are fixedly connected to the first belt (23), and the electromagnetic blocks (24) are arranged on the first belt (23) discontinuously; the connecting unit (3) is positioned in the box body (1), and the connecting unit (3) comprises a first shaft (31), a first gear (32), a magnetic rack (33), a fixing plate and a first air bag (34); one end of the first shaft (31) is rotatably arranged at the top of the box body (1), the other end of the first shaft (31) is fixedly connected with the fixed column (11), the first shaft (31) penetrates through the fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body (1), and a sliding groove is formed in the top surface of the fixed plate; the first gear (32) is positioned above the fixing plate, and the first gear (32) is sleeved on the outer ring of the first shaft (31); the magnetic rack (33) is positioned in the sliding groove, the end part of the magnetic rack (33) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body (1) through a first air bag (34) and a spring, the spring is positioned on two sides of the first air bag (34), and the magnetic rack (33) is meshed with a first gear (32); the magnetic rack (33) and the electromagnetic block (24) have magnetic attraction, and the first shaft (31) rotates through the mutual matching of the discontinuously arranged electromagnetic block (24), the magnetic rack (33) and the first gear (32); a first groove is formed in the fixing column (11); one end of the fixed shaft (12) is positioned at the first groove and fixedly connected to the fixed column (11) through a spring, the other end of the fixed shaft (12) is contacted with the first filter screen (15), and two ends of the first filter screen (15) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the box body (1); the crushing unit (4) is respectively arranged on outer rings of the fixed column (11) and the fixed shaft (12), and the crushing unit (4) comprises a first cylinder (41), a first rod (42), a second rod (43) and a crushing column (44); the crushing columns (44) are respectively hinged on outer rings of the fixed column (11) and the fixed shaft (12) and are distributed circumferentially, and the number of the crushing columns (44) on one sides of the fixed column (11) and the fixed shaft (12) is at least two; the first air cylinder (41) is positioned between the adjacent crushing columns (44), and the first air cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the outer rings of the fixing column (11) and the fixing shaft (12) respectively; one ends of the first rod (42) and the second rod (43) are hinged to the end part of the first cylinder (41), and the other ends of the first rod (42) and the second rod (43) are hinged to the crushing column (44) respectively; the fixed disc (13) is sleeved on the outer ring of the fixed shaft (12); one end of the elastic sheet (14) is fixedly connected to the fixed disc (13), and the other end of the elastic sheet (14) is fixedly connected to the crushing column (44) which is positioned at the lowest part of the fixed column (11); the fixed shaft (12) moves downwards through the mutual matching among the first air cylinder (41), the crushing column (44), the fixed disc (13) and the elastic sheet (14), so that the crushed household garbage can pass through the first filter screen (15) quickly; the air blowing unit (6) is positioned below the first filter screen (15), the air blowing unit (6) is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the box body (1), and the air blowing unit (6) comprises a second shaft (61), an impeller (62), a rotating fan (63) and a cam (64); one end of the second shaft (61) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the box body (1), the other end of the second shaft (61) is fixedly connected with the cam (64), a plurality of through holes are formed in the cam (64), and the diameter of each through hole is far larger than the aperture of the first filter screen (15); the impeller (62) and the rotating fan (63) are sleeved on the outer ring of the second shaft (61), and the rotating fan (63) rotates by acting gas generated by the movement of the fixed shaft (12) at the first groove on the impeller (62) and blowing out plastics in the household garbage from the first outlet (16); the crushing unit (5) is positioned below the air blowing unit (6), and the crushing unit (5) comprises a first plate (51), a second filter screen (52), a crushing block (53) and a first spring (54); the first plate (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body (1) through a first spring (54), the first spring (54) is arranged in a hollow mode, two ends of the first plate (51) are connected with the side wall of the box body (1) in a sliding mode, the first plate (51) is arranged in an inclined mode, and a group of first holes are uniformly formed in the first plate (51); the crushing blocks (53) are positioned between adjacent first holes, and the crushing blocks (53) are fixedly connected to a first plate (51); no. two filter screen (52) are located the opening part, and both ends slope joint on the opening lateral wall, and the aperture of No. two filter screen (52) is less than a filter screen (15) aperture, and the aperture size of a hole and a filter screen (15) equals, extrudees a board (51) motion through cam (64), smashes piece (53) and cooperates No. two filter screen (52) to grind.

2. The efficient household garbage sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first wheel (21) consists of a second cylinder (211), a third wheel (212) and an arc-shaped block (213); the number of the arc-shaped blocks (213) is four and the arc-shaped blocks are distributed in a circumference shape; no. two cylinder (211) one end links firmly with arc piece (213), and No. two cylinder (211) other ends link firmly on No. three wheel (212) outer circles, and No. three wheel (212) rotate through the pivot and install on the mounting panel, receive the gas action that the extrusion produced through spring (54) with cavity setting to act on No. two cylinder (211) for belt (23) shake.

3. The efficient household garbage sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crushing column (44) consists of a first column (441) and a second column (442); one end of the first column (441) is hinged to the outer rings of the fixing column (11) and the fixing shaft (12) respectively, and the other end of the first column (441) is provided with a second groove; no. two post (442) are located No. two groove departments and link firmly on a post (441) through the spring, a pole (42) and No. two pole (43) articulate respectively on No. two post (442), through the cooperation between a cylinder (41), a pole (42) and No. two pole (43), increase domestic waste's broken scope.

4. The efficient household garbage sorting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: broken pieces (443) are arranged at the end part of the second column (442); the sectional shape of the broken blocks (443) is fan-shaped, and the breaking strength of the domestic garbage is increased by the broken blocks (443) with fan-shaped sections.

5. The efficient household garbage sorting device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a first area is arranged on the broken pieces (443), and a drying unit (7) is arranged at the first area; the drying unit (7) comprises an arc-shaped plate (71), a heating block (72) and a spray head (73); the arc-shaped plate (71) is positioned at the first area, and two ends of the arc-shaped plate (71) are connected with the side wall of the first area in a sliding manner; the heating blocks (72) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first area; the number of the spray heads (73) is at least seven, the spray heads (73) are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped plate (71), air generated by movement of the second column (442) at the second groove is conveyed to the first area, and hot air is sprayed out to dry the household garbage through cooperation between the heating plate and the spray heads (73).

6. The efficient household garbage sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a discharge pipe (17) is arranged at the first outlet (16); the inner wall of the discharge pipe (17) is made of ground hard alloy, so that the sliding of plastics in the household garbage from the inner wall of the discharge pipe (17) is accelerated.